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Monday, November 9, 2015

How the heck do jellyfish work if they have no brain or no blood?

How the heck do jellyfish work if they have no brain or no blood?


How the heck do jellyfish work if they have no brain or no blood?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 02:35 PM PST

I can't think of any other example of a multi-cellular organism without these essential things (I mean, I'm no science student or scientist). What organizes the cells? Jellyfish really confuse me...

submitted by naegermeister
[link] [652 comments]

If someone who is addicted to drugs or nicotine, then suddenly something happens to them and they go in a coma, do they still go though withdrawal?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 08:56 PM PST

I'm just really curious to know what happens. Like when they wake up 6 months later are they still addicted? Or did their body go through withdraw when they were sleeping?

Thanks for response.

submitted by WinterSina
[link] [15 comments]

Does the moon have a mantle?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 07:22 AM PST

If it doesn't why does the earth? Do all planets have a molten core? If they don't what are the circumstances for having one?

submitted by Santhoshty
[link] [3 comments]

Does reading speed and comprehension decrease if you dont read for say, five or six years?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 10:38 PM PST

Why are the pores on the face so much larger than anywhere else on the body?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 03:52 AM PST

Reposted at the request if r/nostupidquestions

submitted by hi5yourface
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Is the exponential amount of energy needed to move closer to the speed of light only applicable when concerning other nearby frames or our general movement through space?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 06:01 AM PST

As we move faster, we require an exponentially larger amount of energy to continue to accelerate. Eventually, as we approach the speed of light we require an infinite amount of energy to continue accelerating, because we have mass.

My question is based around the amount of energy required to accelerate and if this restriction is only applicable when comparing nearby observers or your general movement through space.

We are on the earth, rotating at around 1000 mph, revolving around the sun at 67,000 mph. This is nothing compared to the nearly 830,000 mph our solar system revolves around the milky way galaxy, while scientists estimate the milky way moves at around 400,000 mph.

Even if all of these effects were moving in the same direction, they wouldn't even come close to the nearly 300,000,000 miles per second of the speed of light, but they are still moving fast.

When you throw a ball off a moving truck their speeds are added together. So how is it that with such a minute amount of energy we are able to walk/run in the direction the solar system is revolving around the galaxy?

Even though our speed is only increasing a few miles per hour, we are already moving at incredible speeds. Shouldn't this mean that it takes us much more energy to accelerate?

Also consider an extreme example, being on a body already approaching near light speeds, are we able to simply walk back and forth on that body, with no regards to the speed of light?

In relation to the body, the acceleration is only minimal, but in relation to space wouldn't we be able to break the "speed limit."

submitted by CommentToBeDeleted
[link] [1 comment]

Why was the missile test yesterdy visible pretty much over the entire western United States. Why caused it to have an almost blue color and a comet like tail?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 10:39 AM PST

If a solid sheet of a metal were only an atom thick, would we be able to see through it?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 07:07 AM PST

Is it possible a powerful supernova could wipe out the earth with no way to detect its approach?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 05:28 AM PST

Similar to how we can not see light coming from a distant star before it reaches us could some destructive high energy rays traveling at the speed of light destroy our planet unexpectedly?

submitted by lambdeer
[link] [12 comments]

How is a "green", environment-friendly detergent different from a regular one?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 02:23 AM PST

I am mostly asking from a consumer's perspective: is a green laundry/soap/dish detergent really safer for the environment or is it just a marketing gimmick? Are there any cleaning performance differences between these alternatives?

submitted by horia
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If I'm in a plane that's going 99.9% the speed of sound and start sprinting, will I break the sound barrier?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 10:37 PM PST

And what would happen if I did?

submitted by boogerbuttcheeks
[link] [27 comments]

How stationary is a geostationary satellit?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 03:35 AM PST

Does a geostationary satellite orbit exactly on the same position over ground? Or are there tolerances?

submitted by bompelbob
[link] [2 comments]

When did we recognize that we were inside a galaxy, and that beyond us lied an entire universe?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 09:59 AM PST

I could probably Google this but I can't find the right combo of words.

Just in case my question doesn't make sense, I'll try to be more specific.

When did we actually recognize that the planets and stars that we could observe were just one cluster among an infinite number of similar clusters?

No need to upvote, I'm sure there's an easy answer, this just struck me while stargazing last night.

submitted by CarlosWeiner
[link] [20 comments]

What is Higgs Boson "God" Particle in Layman's terms, or at least what did it provide to science?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 07:46 PM PST

Is there a way to shield a certain area on Earth so that satellites can't take photos of it?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 03:50 AM PST

A friend just told me that his boss had let it slip that their area of operations (this was a mining company) is shielded from satellite cameras. He didn't ask how or even clarify what that meant, as he had a feeling it was above his pay grade. But I'm curious. Is that even possible? I'm hoping this question isn't out of line. (Also I wasn't quite sure what to flair it, so I went with my best guess.)

submitted by dylanna
[link] [6 comments]

What does oxygen actually do in our body on a molecular level?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 12:53 AM PST

I am by no means a highly educated person (culinary school was plenty for me) but biology has always peaked my curiosity and no one could every give me more of an answer than "we die without oxygen" (top notch HS bio teacher /s). Obviously our bodies need it or we die very quickly, seeing as it is a vital part of life and brain function. What I don't understand is why our body needs it so badly and what it actually does.

submitted by Youmeandthedevil
[link] [2 comments]

Is there an evolutionary reason for arachnophobia?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 02:07 AM PST

Out of all the spiders or insects in the world today, very few are harmful to humans. And yet, in a percentage of the population, there is a very strong fear response to these things. Is there a plausible evolutionary basis for this?

submitted by Arthur_Dent_42_121
[link] [2 comments]

I want to donate my O- blood, but I lived in the UK during the 1990's. Which is a greater long-term health risk; Internationally banning my blood? or risking mad-cow?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 04:19 AM PST

I am a universal donor (O-) and want to donate my blood... Unfortunately, I lived in the UK during the early 1990's, so I am classified as a mad-cow risk.

Statistically speaking, How many people's lives are lost or gained by banning my blood donation

submitted by electronseer
[link] [1 comment]

Can a liquid metal turn violet?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 09:06 AM PST

Assuming a metal has already melted (at thousands of degrees Celcius), of course.

Assuming it has a ROYGBIV emission spectrum (one shade of each colour).

First it turns red, then orange, then yellow. Can it turn green, then blue, and then violet?

submitted by Covert_Ruffian
[link] [8 comments]

What causes night sweats?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 04:06 AM PST

I've been fighting a mild cold for the past few days. Along with the usual symptoms, I've had a slight fever as well (38 C, 100 F). During the day, I hardly notice the fever, but for the past few nights, I've woken up absolutely covered in sweat (so much so, that I've needed to change the sheets in the middle of the night).

I know my body is fighting off an infection, but why does it decide the middle of the night is the best time to go into battle.

submitted by Rhodnius
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Since radio waves travel at the speed of light, does that mean we will never have a quicker way of communicating with things in space?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 12:14 AM PST

Forgive my ignorance, but in the movies and tv you see people on different planets or different parts of spacing having conversations in real time. Is this 100% unreasonable? Due to radio waves traveling at the speed of light, is that, that?
 
EDIT: Wasnt sure what to catagorize this under. If it doesnt belong under physics please correct me.

submitted by GarageguyEve
[link] [22 comments]

Have the amount of Dark Matter changed with the age of the universe?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 02:40 PM PST

As in, if we look back in time at galaxies far away, do they seem to have as much dark matter as closer galaxies do? Shouldn't dark matter be more "clumped up" in the early days of the universe, since it hadn't expanded as much?

submitted by Starzinger666
[link] [5 comments]

Laser etching TPU - will I produce dangerous gas?

Posted: 09 Nov 2015 01:37 AM PST

Material science question: Is it potentially dangerous to laser etch TPU (in the form of a phone case)? eg. will it fill the room with dangerous gas? I was told some plastics could not be etched as they would produce chlorine gas. Also, is just saying "TPU" too broad a scope? Is it possible that some "TPU" products are safe and others aren't?

submitted by RedHeadedMenace
[link] [2 comments]

Sunday, November 8, 2015

Why are there shadows in electron microscopy? How are they different from shadows due to the absence of light?

Why are there shadows in electron microscopy? How are they different from shadows due to the absence of light?


Why are there shadows in electron microscopy? How are they different from shadows due to the absence of light?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 01:51 AM PST

I just watched this gif of a moving drill recorded with an electron microscope and noticed that there are both shadows and gloss where you'd expect them if it was made with a regular light capturing camera.

Are these effects identical with shadows and gloss due to light (or the lack thereof) and if not, how are they different? Are there any differences in size, strength, specularity etc.? Is there an effect similar to iridescence?

Or is this part of post-processing? In my research field, there are several examples of scientifical visualisations that create faux shadows in order to simulate spatiality, but to the best of my knowledge, electron microscopy isn't one of these technologies.

submitted by jaZoo
[link] [23 comments]

If a meteorite of a similar size to the one the wiped out the dinosaurs hit an ocean instead of solid ground would it be better, worse or no different for us?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 01:51 AM PST

Why is exponential decay/growth so common? What is so significant about the number e?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 08:24 AM PST

I keep seeing the number e and the exponence function pop up in my studies and was wondering why that is.

submitted by Bjozzinn
[link] [289 comments]

What evolutionary benefits are there to having both male and female organisms, rather than one type of organism who can reproduce independently?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 09:49 AM PST

If two identical nuclear weapons were detonated at the same location, would the yield be exactly double? Would there be losses in power? Would the fireball radius be larger than if it were just one weapon?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 09:39 PM PST

Why are dendrites 2-dimensional, rather than 3-dimensional?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 09:08 AM PST

I'm studying dendrites formed by electrodeposition of zinc in an alkaline solution, but this could probably apply to dendrites formed in a binary alloy solidification process just as easily. Why do dendrites typically have a flat, tapering, 2-dimensional shape (leaf-like) rather than a conical, tapering, 3-dimensional shape (pine cone-like)? You'd expect the side-branches of the dendrite to grow in every direction where material is available, but instead they tend to grow only in a single 2-D plane.

submitted by broblawsky
[link] [11 comments]

Did people in the past visibly age faster than people now?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 09:10 AM PST

I know that life expectancy has increased over time, and from what I've heard for eons making it to 30 was 'pretty old'. But would a 30 y/o from the present look like a 30 y/o from the bronze age? I figure that during the past century or two, people have had access to mirrors, relatively healthy and consistently available food, tools to aid transportation, labour, and other strains on the body - generally we've been able to lead increasingly easier lives and become more aware of our appearances. Because life was so much harder for people thousands of years ago, would they have visibly aged faster?

Edit: Excellent answer re. effects of the sun on skin here from u/mionendy!

Any ideas if greying hair has changed over time?

submitted by WHAAAAAAAM
[link] [25 comments]

[Physics] Are center of mass and center of gravity always at the same point? What are some scenarios where they wouldn't be?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 10:34 PM PST

Yesterday during my AP Physics class, we were taking notes on some slides and one of the slides said "center of mass and center of gravity are usually at the same point." I asked my teacher when they wouldn't be at the same point, because the slide said "usually," and he couldn't think of a situation on the spot. Could you guys come up w some stuff?

submitted by YAOWNYS
[link] [2 comments]

Do antibiotics affect the effect of vaccines?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 12:20 AM PST

If the purest white reflects all light, why isn't it a mirror?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 10:30 AM PST

This sounds like a joke because of the way it's worded, but it's not.

submitted by PM_ME_YOUR_TWEEZERS
[link] [17 comments]

Are there any elements that have different properties in the vacuum of space compared to Earth's atmosphere?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 01:46 AM PST

Is there a real chemical reason that people can be depressed?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 10:55 PM PST

Is there an actual chemical balance that we can trace and cure depression with?

submitted by DeadCow9497
[link] [7 comments]

How does placing a wooden spoon over a pot of water prevent it boiling over?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 07:02 PM PST

Why do stars appear to shimmer and twinkle while the sun has a steady brightness?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 01:13 AM PST

would a parachute being dragged in space open up due to inertia (If it were being accelerated at its base)?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 10:51 PM PST

So if a parachute is open but bunched up, and the tether to it started accelerating, would the parachute open up, even without any air resistance? I am assuming it would because the rope is connected to the outside perimeter of the chute, so the center would trail the rest of it, effectively opening it up. But I don't think it would really completely spread out like it would on earth, no idea what shape it would make. I hope that question/explanation made sense.

submitted by lets_duel
[link] [3 comments]

What is happening when a person is anemic?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 06:16 AM PST

I few years ago I spent two days in the hospital with malaria. I was throwing up and feeling weak so I went to urgent care. My hemoglobin had dropped to just 6.1 gm/dL (I was a 24M). The doctor was shocked that I was even walking and got me into a hospital bed as fast as possible. Anyway, what was actually happening to my body because of that low level of hemoglobin?

submitted by asrama
[link] [1 comment]

Is there a mental bias which is the opposite of the Bandwagon Effect ?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 05:01 AM PST

I'm asking this because I have this friend on facebook who seems to always think the opposite of popular belief, even if it makes no sense. I started to look into mental biases and I was wondering if it was one. Thanks

submitted by Vladoune
[link] [32 comments]

Are there numbers that give decimals when square rooted but don't continue forever?

Posted: 08 Nov 2015 05:23 AM PST

Why can all square numbers be rearranged to look like triangles?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 04:19 PM PST

I noticed this weird pattern when I was doodling on some graph paper. Every square number can also be rearranged into a pyramid shape of the exact same height. Why is this?

Sorry, I know this is probably a really simple, stupid question but I don't know much abut math and this seems like an interesting pattern.

submitted by AttalusPius
[link] [9 comments]

Is potential energy a real "thing" that exists or is it a made up number or thing that helps us explain kinetic energy?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 12:52 PM PST

Im asking if potential energy exists "somewhere" or if it is something manifested by humans. (Like color)

submitted by toxicgrunt
[link] [26 comments]

What is the difference between tokamaks and stellarators, and why is the latter so 'twisty'?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 07:26 PM PST

Saturday, November 7, 2015

Does a rainbow extend into the invisible part of the spectrum?

Does a rainbow extend into the invisible part of the spectrum?


Does a rainbow extend into the invisible part of the spectrum?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 05:10 PM PST

Why is fusion such a big deal when we already have fission based power plants?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 05:44 AM PST

What is happening when you get helicopter car? (Popping noise when you open car window)

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 06:53 AM PST

What is happening when you burn NH4Cr2O7 With HgSCN that causes it to make those scary burnt horns that come out?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 07:44 AM PST

Why is caffeine synergistic with l-theanine?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 06:46 AM PST

If l-theanine is an agonist for glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, then how does it reduce the "jitters" of caffeine?

submitted by classiq_
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What is the importance of adenosine? What function does it serve other than making us gradually feel sleepy?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 06:02 AM PST

Not talking about the medication, but the neurotransmitter.

submitted by Shryem
[link] [1 comment]

When two identical waves of 180 degrees phase difference meet they cancel out.Where does their energy go?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 03:22 AM PST

What happens to food during cooking? Is there a common mechanism shared by rice/pasta/meat etc.? Thanks!

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 08:06 AM PST

And if you have reached this far... is there a difference in the food itself (not the addition of oil/water for example) between frying / cooking / baking etc?

submitted by BigSwerty
[link] [comment]

How do elektron-vector boson interactions work?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 05:51 AM PST

I am reading the book "Facts and mysteries in elementairy fysics" by Martinus Veltman for a paper I have to write for school. I do understand most of what is explained in the book, but there is one thing that I just don't understand, the interactions between electrons, electron neutrinos and W-bosons.

Here is the relevant page. The shaded area refers to this image.

It seems to me that these interactions wouldn't work at all without adding extra energy, as the mass of the W-bosons is so much bigger than the mass of the elektron and elektron neutrino, but Veltman doesn't mention it. Is it because it is expected to think of or is there something I just don't see? Especially the second interaction (Ve -> e- + W+) makes no sense to me as the mass of the elektron neutrino is very small compared to the other two.

The other (and less important) thing I don't really understand is the last figure (the bottom right one). It seems to me that the W+ and elektron neutrino form the elektron, but that isn't the case when you look at the figures next to it.

I may just be stupid and look at this the wrong way, but I hope someone can help me with this!

submitted by Micropixel023
[link] [1 comment]

Why do some people sneeze when suddenly seeing sunlight?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 04:34 AM PST

I am one of these people and not many people I've asked do this.

submitted by 3juicypeaches
[link] [4 comments]

If the moon is in "freefall" around the Earth, why does it not accelerate at 9.8m/s/s?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 03:12 PM PST

Can sound waves be polarized?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 08:27 AM PST

I understand sound waves are longitudinal compared to transverse electromagnetic waves, so I would guess there might not be a directly equivalent property to polarization. However, is there any theoretical (or practical) analogue in sound that has similar properties?

submitted by superhelical
[link] [5 comments]

Say you have x = 0.999. Then x^2 = 0.998001, which is clearly less than x. Now between x and x^2 there is an infinite subset of numbers. If x = 0.999... repeated ad infinitum then does x^2 = 0.999... as well? If not, is there a) a subset between x and x^2, and b) is it infinite?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 07:57 PM PST

I also understand the reasoning behind 0.999... = 1, which here would mean that x = x2. Could someone clear this up for me? Also not 100% on my logic here.

submitted by orvillewaswright
[link] [12 comments]

Why doesn't the Undecidability of a mathematics problem imply its truth?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 10:01 AM PST

In mathematics, a problem is undecidable if it's impossible to prove it true or false. My question is, if a problem is proved to be undecidable, doesn't this imply it must be true? Take the continuum hypothesis for instance; if it was false it would have a counterexample (i.e. there would be an infinite set with cardinality larger than aleph-0 but smaller than aleph-1), but then it would no longer be undecidable, so therefore there is no counterexample and it must be true. This seems to wrong to me, but I'm not sure how. What am I missing?

submitted by Shakie666
[link] [12 comments]

Is the rate of heat loss from the Earth's atmosphere increased with more rainfall?

Posted: 07 Nov 2015 01:14 AM PST

If this is true, does this mean heat loss from the Earth's atmosphere will be increased? (Due to increased convectional rain from rising temperatures)

submitted by ColloquiallyFormal
[link] [comment]

Has mercury been successfully employed to treat anything?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 10:27 AM PST

So in the past I know mercury has been used for all sorts of medical purposes with little to no evidence that it actually did anything other than poison the patient.

I'm curious if it is used for any sort of treatments where it has turned out to be and effective remedy.

submitted by Shadowmant
[link] [24 comments]

What causes some people to be more ticklish than others?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 08:33 AM PST

Is there any truth in the old saying, "Red sky at night, shepherds delight; Red sky in morning, shepherds warning"?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 08:51 AM PST

Any time I see a red sky this little rhyme always goes off in my head and I'm just wondering if there is anything scientific that puts any truth into those words?

submitted by razoman
[link] [4 comments]

In recorded history have we observed a virus mutate to the point of becoming a new species?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 08:10 AM PST

For example, every year there are new strains of the various flu viruses, but at some point it seems to me that enough change should occur from strain to strain that a new species should emerge from one. Or another thing that I've heard is of superinfections (a person infected with more than one virus) allowing viruses to 'share' or 'swap' RNA/DNA - have we ever documented an actual new species of virus evolving from this?

submitted by powerscunner
[link] [6 comments]

When downsampling an image, from which point on does the resolution of the source image not affect the downsampled image quality anymore?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 03:39 PM PST

Let's assume I want to create an image of 500x500 pixels resolution from a higher resolution image source. I would naively expect that there should be a clear difference in quality of the downsampled image between, let's say a 510x510 vs a 2000x2000 source image (when using an advanced downsampling algorithms like nearest-neighbor or bicubic).

Is this assumption correct? If so, at what ratio of source:target resolution does this difference become negligible?

Many thanks, JJ

submitted by jamesjoyce1882
[link] [2 comments]

What's up with Rosetta, the space probe that landed on the comet?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 08:58 AM PST

How was cancer treated before modern techniques were invented?

Posted: 06 Nov 2015 04:14 AM PST

I was reading about Adolphe Sax, who's birthday is honored in today's google doodle, and saw this near the end of his biography on Wikipedia:

Sax suffered from lip cancer between 1853 and 1858 but made a full recovery.

I was always under the impression that cancer was kind of a death sentence back then. Did they just keep cutting out cancerous material until it didn't return?

submitted by Roofawitz
[link] [6 comments]