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Wednesday, October 7, 2020

How do radio stations know how many people are tuning in?

How do radio stations know how many people are tuning in?


How do radio stations know how many people are tuning in?

Posted: 07 Oct 2020 06:43 AM PDT

Are vaccine platforms reusable?

Posted: 07 Oct 2020 02:30 AM PDT

I'm reading about vaccines and came across a vaccine that is based on the Adenovirus 26. To the best of my knowledge this means that after vaccination the immune system learns to defeat this adonovirus and because of the modification also learns to render the spikes on the corona virus useless. Of course I'm using layman terms here.

If someone is vaccinated with this vaccine and a different virus comes along, can this platform still be used for this new virus?

submitted by /u/LivingAfterMidnight
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Posted: 07 Oct 2020 08:08 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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How/why do high-elevation limestone formations exist?

Posted: 07 Oct 2020 06:06 AM PDT

I have a geology related class this sem and our current topic is about igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Then it got me thinking, how come there's an area in my country (specifically Baguio City, Philippines) that is very rich in limestone (a sedimentary rock) despite its high elevation?

submitted by /u/cabbagesu
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So, I just got some vaccines and now I’m thinking about them. It seems like vaccines would be more effective if administered intravenously, so why are many vaccines given via the intramuscular route instead?

Posted: 06 Oct 2020 01:41 PM PDT

Why is PCR preferred over ELISA techniques for COVID/19 detection and diagnosis when time window allows it?

Posted: 06 Oct 2020 12:59 PM PDT

After reading the specifics on the different methods, I remain unsure why ELISA ( enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays) tests are not preferred over PCR for COVID19 diagnosis when the detection window is convenient.

In my understanding IgMs start to build up from day 4 to 7 after infection. Therefore, if a potential contact occurred more than 4 days ago, it wouldn't make sense to apply an ELISA test, since it would give additional information (IgG) beyond a current active infection?

submitted by /u/temporalista
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Why do some diseases cause lifelong or much longer periods of immunity than some other diseases?

Posted: 06 Oct 2020 09:04 AM PDT

And why do some need boosters whilst others do not or need fewer boosters?

submitted by /u/amjam441
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In COVID PCR tests, do we have positive controls to check for presence of human sample?

Posted: 06 Oct 2020 02:23 PM PDT

It seems that most RT-PCR tests have positive controls that ensure amplification can be performed in the presence of viral nucleic (by amplifying viral genomic sequence). It is not obvious to me, however, whether they check for whether swab sample was properly collected. This could be done perhaps by using primers that amplify human genomic sequences that should be present in a properly collected sample (e.g. tubulin). This kind of a positive control seems important, given that some places (including my university) have the people getting tested swab themselves and improper swabbing could lead to false negatives.

submitted by /u/rooftopfiddler
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Is there a form/variation of a map that is not right-unique?

Posted: 06 Oct 2020 05:03 AM PDT

A map from X to Y is per definition a left-total and right-unique relation. Is there a (frequently used) relation similar to a map which is not right-unique? I feel like this could be used for non-deterministic problems.

submitted by /u/Keteo
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What causes a shock wave to propagate?

Posted: 05 Oct 2020 12:39 PM PDT

I understand what a shock wave is and what it's characteristics are, but I still don't understand what causes a wave to move through a medium faster than its speed of sound. I would assume that the shock wave would almost instantaneously slow down to sound speed because that's the speed at which "information" travels through the medium but obviously that's not the case. So what drives this speed?

submitted by /u/tylerchu
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What makes blood groups differ from each other and how/ why can't they be universally be accepted by different bodies?

Posted: 05 Oct 2020 05:50 AM PDT

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