If helium keeps floating up and up, how do we still have helium left on Earth after more than a billion years? Also, helium is a gas. Where do you actually go to find helium on Earth? | AskScience Blog

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Friday, December 27, 2019

If helium keeps floating up and up, how do we still have helium left on Earth after more than a billion years? Also, helium is a gas. Where do you actually go to find helium on Earth?

If helium keeps floating up and up, how do we still have helium left on Earth after more than a billion years? Also, helium is a gas. Where do you actually go to find helium on Earth?


If helium keeps floating up and up, how do we still have helium left on Earth after more than a billion years? Also, helium is a gas. Where do you actually go to find helium on Earth?

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 12:28 PM PST

We always hear the phrase "97% of scientists back climate change" So what is the argument against it from the 3%?

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 05:17 PM PST

Can global warming cause more earthquakes?

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 11:08 PM PST

Saw in a thread that a rise in sea level will increase the number of tsunamis. But will the earth warming up increase all tectonic activity, or will there just be more tsunamis because there is more ocean?

submitted by /u/Givemeahippo
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Would a denser atmosphere increase the power of a nuclear explosion by any significant amount?

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 08:10 AM PST

How does a Shkadov Thruster produce a net thrust toward the mirror?

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 02:25 PM PST

I was watching the latest Kurzgesagt video about stellar engines but after they present that a net thrust of a Shkadov Thurster is produced toward the direction of the center of the mirror (link to video at relevant timestamp, they don't actually explain why that thrust happens, and I can't figure it out.

It seems to me that the outward emission of the Sun's 1045 photons / sec would be pretty much uniformly distributed in all outward directions, each with it's own tiny momentum that conversely "pushes" inward against the Sun as it leaves, but after emission, why would those photons' interaction with any object somehow impart a thrust to the Sun? Do they collectively push the mirror away and the gravitational attraction of the mirror pulls the sun along with it? If so, what is the difference in mass between the micron-thin mirror and the entire Sun itself? It seems the delta would be so incredibly lopsided toward the Sun that it really wouldn't matter, but that is why I'm here.

Thank you!

submitted by /u/Stoke-me-a-clipper
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How does a lava lamp work?

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 07:29 PM PST

Seriously though how does a lava lamp work?

submitted by /u/sombrerolord69
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Shouldn't the forces on each side of the z line in sarcomeres cancel out?

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 03:08 PM PST

If measles infection diminishes existing and future immune response, what are implications for other vaccinations in such individuals? [Medicine]

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 11:12 AM PST

for example:

How measles causes the body to 'forget' past infection Science 01 Nov 2019: Vol. 366, Issue 6465, pp. 560-561 DOI: 10.1126/science.366.6465.560

The diminished antibody shield means that after a case of measles, unvaccinated children become vulnerable again to viruses they had been exposed to in the past.

So if this is the case (interpretation is beyond my capabilities; I do see there is contention but I can't make heads or tails of it) do the described effects occur only with naturally occurring immunity, or also immunity conferred by vaccination? If someone has a documented history of other vaccines, would they benefit from redoing their primary series post-measles? Does the long term suppression of new acquisition of immunity imply a modified schedule in future vaccines such as is the case for sickle cell disease (not, to avoid a common confusion, sickle cell trait)?

Of course the above work was conducted in a group who are presumably never-vaccinators for all formulations. But in the global context, vaccine availability is inconsistent. So infection with an ostensibly preventable disease is not an indication of attitude towards vaccines generally.

Also: Incomplete genetic reconstitution of B cell pools contributes to prolonged immunosuppression after measles. Sci Immunol. 2019 Nov 1;4(41). pii: eaay6125. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aay6125.

submitted by /u/Diluent
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How close are chickens related to dinosaurs?

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 10:50 AM PST

Could we call them dinosaurs or is the difference too big?

submitted by /u/RandomInternetGuy014
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How exactly did we map the human genome?

Posted: 25 Dec 2019 08:25 PM PST

So scientists have already mapped the human genome for some time now, but I'm wondering, how did scientists come to a consensus that this is the genome of an average human? I assume they got a DNA sample from someone, and then used it to map the genome of our species. What I don't understand, is that if we used some random person's DNA, then it wouldn't be our genome, it would be that person's, complete with any abnormalities they have in their DNA. So how do we know the genome represents all of humanity? Sorry if this seems stupid.

submitted by /u/TheDominantSpecies
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What controls involuntary reflexes like heartbeat?

Posted: 25 Dec 2019 03:53 PM PST

Do carnivorous mammals and birds clean themselves after eating? If so, how?

Posted: 25 Dec 2019 06:01 PM PST

I've read here that Komodo dragons will lick their lips for 15-20 minutes after eating as well as rub their heads inside leaves to clean themselves so I was wondering if and how mammalian and avian carnivores do this. It would sorta make sense to do (based on my limited knowledge) to prevent infections but It seems pretty inconvenient and hard to clean with fur and feathers that blood could stick to and dry on.

submitted by /u/Random_Username9105
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Why do other diseases not cause AIDS?

Posted: 26 Dec 2019 01:02 AM PST

I know other diseases cause types various types of immune problems, but why are none classified as AIDS? The name would imply it was any immune deficiency caused after birth.

submitted by /u/AtmosScriptor
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