When this lava is moving along the surface, what is it doing to the underlying soil and rock. Partially melting them? Is it more of a layering that is going to just erode back to the bedrock, which I suppose is just old magma? Any volcanologists or geologists out there? | AskScience Blog

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Tuesday, May 8, 2018

When this lava is moving along the surface, what is it doing to the underlying soil and rock. Partially melting them? Is it more of a layering that is going to just erode back to the bedrock, which I suppose is just old magma? Any volcanologists or geologists out there?

When this lava is moving along the surface, what is it doing to the underlying soil and rock. Partially melting them? Is it more of a layering that is going to just erode back to the bedrock, which I suppose is just old magma? Any volcanologists or geologists out there?


When this lava is moving along the surface, what is it doing to the underlying soil and rock. Partially melting them? Is it more of a layering that is going to just erode back to the bedrock, which I suppose is just old magma? Any volcanologists or geologists out there?

Posted: 08 May 2018 01:22 AM PDT

How did they weld before they had protective glasses/masks?

Posted: 08 May 2018 02:33 AM PDT

There is a news alert in my city that ozone levels are predicted to be dangerously high this afternoon. How are ozone levels predicted for a particular day and place?

Posted: 08 May 2018 06:01 AM PDT

Do obese people have more blood?

Posted: 07 May 2018 03:59 AM PDT

Do obese people have more blood (more ml)?

If they do, how much more? It's a proportional increase based on some formula that takes the weight/mass of the body and gender and other factors into consideration?

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[Physics] How did physicists prove that gravitational waves do not travel faster than the speed of light?

Posted: 08 May 2018 12:46 AM PDT

Why are there fresh and salt water varieties of most aquatic life, but no freshwater cephalopods?

Posted: 07 May 2018 02:55 PM PDT

There seems to be at least somewhat-analogous pairings in fresh and salt water for most types of aquatic life, but there doesn't seem to be a single cephalopod that lives in fresh water. Why are there no freshwater octopuses or squids?

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Is there a rule for makes certain isotopes "unstable" and radioactive while other isotopes are "stable"?

Posted: 08 May 2018 05:39 AM PDT

What's the difference? Why is Boron-10 and Boron 11 stable, while Boron-9 and Boron-12 are unstable?

Is there a universal rule for all elements on which of their isotopes are radioactive or stable?

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To what degree is gasoline (petrol) from different brands actually different?

Posted: 08 May 2018 07:47 AM PDT

Yesterday, I saw an add from ExxonMobil -- it wasn't this one, but it made a similar claim about their seven ingredients being precisely formulated to do wonderful things (I think it was improve gas mileage). I know that I've heard similar claims from other gas companies claiming that their gas is the best (cleanest! best fuel economy! longest engine life!, etc.).

Is this all just marketing gimmicks, or are there actual chemical differences between the various companies' gas?

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[Planetary Sciences] Is the ozone layer depleting or not?

Posted: 08 May 2018 06:01 AM PDT

On January 8th 2018, NASA released their findings on a study they were doing on the ozone layer depletion. Their findings revealed that the ozone layer was "healing" as result of the global ban on the manufacturing on CFCs. This is the article: NASA Study: First Direct Proof of Ozone Hole Recovery Due to Chemicals Ban.

On February 6th 2018, Forbes released this article: Sorry, Earth, The Ozone Layer Isn't Healing Itself After All. I read the scientific explanation in that article (most of it went over my head), they don't acknowledge any of NASA's findings.

Were NASA's findings wrong, or is it some sort of "technically..." kinda thing? Is there a scientific explanation is for this?

PS: Been watching One Strange Rock and it's LIT.

submitted by /u/intensethrowaway
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What is the biological process behind the ‘impending doom’ feeling that occurs before things like heart attacks and brain aneurysms?

Posted: 07 May 2018 12:14 PM PDT

I've heard that doctors and nurses have to take a patient seriously when they get a feeling of impending doom as there has be many case of people with totally fine vitals, suddenly get this feeling and then suffer heart attacks or brain aneurysms. I was wondering what actually causes this effect and how does the body know something is going to happen.

submitted by /u/KingsMountainView
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Is there any convincing scientific evidence Chronic Fatigue Syndrome actually exists?

Posted: 08 May 2018 05:13 AM PDT

Let's face it we would all rather lie on the couch in a dark room binge watching Netflix some days, is it 'possible' that all CFS sufferers just want to do this every day or is there any actual proven scientific evidence to suggest that its not made up?

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Does breast milk change taste depending on what the mother eats, and if so, are there any correlations between what the mother ate while breastfeeding and what the child likes to eat later in life?

Posted: 08 May 2018 05:00 AM PDT

We've all heard that pineapple taste transfers to male ejaculate, and that eating asparagus makes urine smell, so I'd assume that the same is true for breast milk. Is that correct?

And if it is, are there any studies on how this affects the preferences of a child later in life? Let's say the mother eats a lot of pineapple while breastfeeding: Would this result in the kid liking pineapple later on?

I've tried Google, but the only things I found were speculations and anecdotes.

submitted by /u/ChuckCarmichael
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Stemming from a TIL post ("TIL the human womb is the oxygen equivalent of the top of Mt Everest, designed to keep the fetus asleep 95% of the time"), what is the true oxygenation level in the womb and what percentage of the time are fetuses asleep?

Posted: 07 May 2018 01:41 PM PDT

This was posted on TIL, and basically the comments didn't really provide a clear explanation of their reasoning behind their title. Is the oxygenation of blood from the placenta truly equal to "the top of Mt Everest" and what percentage of the time are fetuses asleep in the womb? Are these directly related or independent of one another?

submitted by /u/lunamoon_girl
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What is the smallest something can be and still be magnetic? Can an individual iron atom be magnetic?

Posted: 08 May 2018 12:36 AM PDT

What is phase velocity in a matter wave and how can it travel faster than light?

Posted: 08 May 2018 07:32 AM PDT

We're doing matter waves in class and my teacher told me that the phase velocity of the wave travels at a speed greater than c as Vphase×Vgroup=c2 and Vgroup is always <c. She also said something about how this is possible as it does not carry any information and Einstein's theory only limits these waves at c if they carry some information. I have not understood this concept and need clarification.

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What are the main differences/similarities between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria?

Posted: 08 May 2018 07:32 AM PDT

First time poster long time lurker.

I recently went on a bit of a Wiki dive when looking at Petrichor, and found out about actinobacteria and the Gram test, but I can't quite discern from looking at the two wikis the differences and similarities of what Gram Positive and Negative bacteria have. I am not a scientist in any regard, but I find this fascinating regardless. Especially the study of Petrichor and Human evolution/sensitivity to the smell (like 5 parts to a trillion or something? idk, I'm an archaeologist.) and the ability to find food after a drought.

It's just cool, but yeah I was wondering what, if any, are the main differences and/or similarities there are between Gram Positive and Gram negative bacteria are and if the test is as important as it sounds?

submitted by /u/DyspraxicRob
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Can a person still suffer hearing damage even when they're unconscious? If you're in a coma and there's loud music being playing in your ears for weeks, would it effect your hearing when you wake up?

Posted: 08 May 2018 06:57 AM PDT

So why don’t we use sterling engines in cars?

Posted: 08 May 2018 06:42 AM PDT

I understand that they would be two slow to start up for just driving around town, but why not put them in hybrids like the Prius or something that is primarily electric to power the battery?

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What is the expected “life timeline” of the Elephant’s Foot at Chernobyl?

Posted: 07 May 2018 10:20 AM PDT

Obviously this question could fit under multiple flairs, but I decided chemistry was the most appropriate.

So obviously the Elephant's Foot at Chernobyl is the most radioactive place on Earth, and is therefore very dangerous. So what I'm wondering is how long will it be there? When will it eventually lose its radioactivity? What will it be made of when it loses its radioactivity? What is the half life of Elephant's Foot at this point? Thanks in advanced!

submitted by /u/molgera85
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How does epigenetic inheritance work?

Posted: 07 May 2018 01:39 PM PDT

I understand how we inherit DNA from our mothers and fathers, and how their DNA is replicated, but how do epigenetic changes that take place during a parent's lifetime get passed on to the child? I understand how methylation of DNA can repress some genes, and histone wrapping can make some genes less expressed, but I don't understand how it can be passed on. How does DNA methylation/acetylation etc. of genes get passed on to offspring?

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How far does the central ray of the ionizing radiation burst extend to from a dental X-ray machine?

Posted: 07 May 2018 03:52 PM PDT

I understand that variables like mA and KV exist, but what would be a ballpark figure of the distance range of the ionizing radiation's effective distance?

submitted by /u/TheMythof_Feminism
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How do painkillers work?

Posted: 08 May 2018 05:18 AM PDT

Why does silica remain after high-sulphidation processess but are leached out in unconformity-uranium systems?

Posted: 07 May 2018 05:46 PM PDT

Hey /r/askscience,

This will probably sound like a mineral-deposits essay question... What differences exist between high-sulphidation epithermal environments and unconformity uranium deposits pertaining to the retention or dissolution of silica?

Phases of silica are the only minerals left after the highly acidic (high sulphidation) epithermal fluids (or gases) pass through the system. pHs commonly below 1! Yet, in unconformity uranium deposits entire sandstone sequences hundreds of meters thick can be desilicified under pH conditions of 2-3? Are unconformity U deposit - fluids nitric acid rich? HF rich? Higher temperature?

Thanks guys- this has actually been something I've wondered on-off about for the last few years!

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Material in Hawaii's recent eruption?

Posted: 08 May 2018 12:24 AM PDT

What kind of volcanic material was released in the recent Hawaii eruption?

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