AskScience AMA Series: I’m David Johns, a doctoral student at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. I study the scientific arguments around the controversial question of how much salt we should be eating in order to stay healthy. Ask Me Anything! | AskScience Blog

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Friday, March 4, 2016

AskScience AMA Series: I’m David Johns, a doctoral student at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. I study the scientific arguments around the controversial question of how much salt we should be eating in order to stay healthy. Ask Me Anything!

AskScience AMA Series: I’m David Johns, a doctoral student at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. I study the scientific arguments around the controversial question of how much salt we should be eating in order to stay healthy. Ask Me Anything!


AskScience AMA Series: I’m David Johns, a doctoral student at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. I study the scientific arguments around the controversial question of how much salt we should be eating in order to stay healthy. Ask Me Anything!

Posted: 04 Mar 2016 04:47 AM PST

Hi Reddit!

With my collaborators Ludovic Trinquart and Sandro Galea, I conducted an analysis of scientific reports and comments on the health effects of a salty diet. Our findings, published in the International Journal of Epidemiology, reveal a sharp polarization between a group of scientists who support the hypothesis that population-wide reduction of salt intake will lead to improved health and those who believe the data are not convincing. In all, 54 percent of the reports were supportive of the hypothesis; 33 percent were not supportive; and 13 percent found the evidence inconclusive. A citation analysis found that papers on either "side" of the debate were more likely to cite other reports that drew a similar conclusion. Even as the scientific debate over salt continues, public health officials have enacted policies to lower consumption. World Health Organization guidelines recommend limiting salt intake.

In December 2015, New York became the first U.S. city to require chain restaurants to label foods high in sodium.

I will be back to answer your questions at 1 pm EST (10 am PST, 6 pm UTC) Ask Me Anything!

submitted by /u/MailmanSchool_AMA
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Why is the black hole information paradox a paradox at all? Isn't "information" an entirely man-made concept with no reflection in reality? It's not a physical law or a description of any physical process.

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 09:51 PM PST

How big is the chance that 3 random people in a room share the same birthday, with those 3 people being the only one in the room? I just experienced this at work

Posted: 04 Mar 2016 04:29 AM PST

I'm trying to figure it out myself and all i can think of is 1/365 * 1/365 * 1/365 = 1/48627125.

But that cant be right? Considering the birthday paradox i'm guessing the chances are probably much higher

submitted by /u/meiuqer
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Does cloud cover affect the power output of solar panels?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 04:20 PM PST

If cloud block the sun light, would electrical output fall to 0? would it stay the same because the UV radiation still goes through the clouds?

submitted by /u/Spillls
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Why are most of the Ice age relatives of modern animals so large?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 01:28 PM PST

Animals grow large because the environment allows for it. I assume this means that food was plentiful during the ice age, yet the ice age seems an unlikely time for food to be more plentiful. Wouldn't the size of prehistoric animals be telling us that there was more food available than now since they were all much larger, requiring much more food?

submitted by /u/grease_thetrueword
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GPS satellites work because they adjust for similar bending of spacetime to coordinate with systems on Earth. Why wouldn't they?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 02:45 PM PST

What possible errors could they make without this adjustment? I thought all they do is to point us direction or pinpoint our location. Why are they really concerned about time?

submitted by /u/oxycash
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How do backyard animals, like birds and squirrels, tolerate each other to a point of ignoring each other's presence?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 10:26 AM PST

I've heard that we can't see the atom and will never be able to. Is that true? If so, why?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 10:14 PM PST

The exact phrase was "it's not about technology, we just can't see the atom directly and will never be able to, despite all the technology that is available to us now and will be available in the future".

submitted by /u/Rainforest_
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We know many species of animals are now extinct. Are there any extinct plants in the world? How did they reach extinction?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 11:24 AM PST

If the vacuum of space is a poor conductor of heat, how do stars give off so much of it?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 01:23 PM PST

Mostly interested on if this principle could be used in spacecraft to get rid of excess heat?

submitted by /u/Psyladine
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If I were in a helicopter during a very large earthquake, would I be able to see the seismic waves moving across the ground?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 09:56 AM PST

I don't think I would be able to, but I was thinking about it. Second, how large would it have to be in order to see the ground move from a normal helicopter flight?

submitted by /u/fusearms
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How do birds survive when they migrate back to their home and its still snowing?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 02:00 PM PST

I mean of course they have less food options in the cold, but can their little fatless bodies handle the cold? I almost feel bad watching some of them struggle with the cold wind. :(

And if food shortage is really an issue couldn't humans just start leaving bird feed out during the winters?

submitted by /u/Mouthz
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Are animals affected by fluctuations in living altitude in a similar way to humans?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 09:23 AM PST

I'm guessing that there are some animals that are specially adapted to living at high altitudes that could handle transitions fairly well, but what about those that aren't? For example, would a cat or dog that was born at sea level and then brought to somewhere like Denver or Mexico City experience shortness of breath or other symptoms of altitude sickness? Would they acclimate to the altitude, and if so, more or less quickly than humans? Would they also be vulnerable to edemas at even higher elevations?

And what about the reverse? Would a non-specially adapted animal from a higher altitude show greater physical fitness at lower altitudes than one that had lived lower its entire life?

submitted by /u/resurrection_man
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How can super spicy peppers stop living organisms from growing?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 09:20 AM PST

https://youtu.be/tUbo25IrgZ8 at 4:45 its said that scorpion peppers are so hot that if they are infused with paint, and it stops things from growing on the bottom of ships. Can someone go into a little more detail about this?

Can any anamial actually use or live near where these peppers grow? Why are peppers made so hot? For defense, so the plant can live on, and how does being muy caliente actually stop life from growing.

submitted by /u/nocturnal111
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At what moment does a tree "decides" to grow a new branch ?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 09:57 AM PST

When animals and humans grow, they follow a certain path, which is planned by their genome. But trees seems to be completely random. What mechanism "decide" to grow a new branch?

submitted by /u/jubalharsh
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Do cross-eyed people see the world in double and learn to operate that way? Or does their brain learn to process the image correctly?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 08:37 AM PST

I assume it's the latter because I doubt anyone's eyes are 100% straight/aligned, but in that case - when a baby is born cross-eyed, do they already know how to correctly interpret images, or do their neurons have to learn?

submitted by /u/wingwingwehavadinner
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As space expands in the standard model, are planck lengths expanding or being created, or, are planck lengths an arbitrary grid based upon and imagined over the smallest amount of spacetime as it itself expands?

Posted: 04 Mar 2016 12:50 AM PST

How do fish and other marine life sense temperature? [Biology]

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 11:16 AM PST

If reduced pressure lowers the boiling point of water, does increased pressure raise the freezing point?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 08:45 AM PST

As an irrational number, what makes pi different from all the other irrational numbers?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 09:00 PM PST

People often say that irrationality is a special quality of pi so I was wondering why it's special.

submitted by /u/KimJongFunnest
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