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Sunday, June 26, 2022

Is there a body part/reaction in the body that works better in old age (70+) compared to young people?

Is there a body part/reaction in the body that works better in old age (70+) compared to young people?


Is there a body part/reaction in the body that works better in old age (70+) compared to young people?

Posted: 26 Jun 2022 07:12 AM PDT

I've been reading about aging and all its negatives, are there some things, that get better with age? I'm not talking about getting experience and getting more knowledgable, but rather physiological functions.

submitted by /u/aimlesslydreamin
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We all know that gaining weight can be attributed to excessive caloric intake, but how fast does weight gain actually happen? Can we gain a pound or two in fat content over night? Does it take 24 hours for this pound or two to build up?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 05:10 PM PDT

What happens to the body exactly if someone is given a transfusion of the wrong blood type?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 05:34 PM PDT

Hello!

I read a case recently where a young girl was given a lung and heart transplant, except the transplanted organs were of a completely wrong blood type then the patient. I was wondering what exactly happens if someone it given a pint (or more) of the wrong type of blood.

And to step it up a notch further, what would happen to the body if all the blood in the body were to become a different type? Would the affect change with one blood type over another?

Thanks for your responses in advance.

submitted by /u/mrwonderfull_
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What advantage does the eye's (or brain's) white-balance-like system give, and how does it work?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 08:54 AM PDT

So I have noticed that when I close my right eye for a while and keep my left eye open in broad daylight, I see warmer colours in my left eye and see cooler colours in my right eye when I open it. This is similar to the white balance in smartphone cameras.

But is there any evolutionary advantage to this? And how does it work?

submitted by /u/A-Delonix-Regia
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Why is it covid coming in waves?

Posted: 26 Jun 2022 06:59 AM PDT

Everyime covid seems or at least seems to be dying out, it to just explode again. I would of thought as a virus it would just be at a constant level of infection and not in surges? Is this now more or less like the common flu with itself having seasonal waves and on that note why does the flu have seasonal waves? Side note can we ever eradicate covid all together?

submitted by /u/VagueViper88
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What caused this ring of flat land circling the end of the Appalachian range?

Posted: 26 Jun 2022 09:25 AM PDT

From Corinth, Mississippi to Montgomery, Alabama, there is a large arc of flat land which stands out on satellite photos because it is mostly farms, surrounded by hilly, forested land. It seems to perfectly encircle the southern end of the Appalachian mountain range, suggesting it was somehow created when the mountain range formed. It's not a river valley because a few rivers seem to cross through it without following it. What is it?

I've circled it here: https://i.redd.it/3ly4yk8flw791.png

submitted by /u/rounding_error
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Why do deep-sea divers use mixed gases?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 07:34 PM PDT

When I look this up I get the answer of "Gasses are greatly compressed underwater from the weight of all the water above, so while diving we are breathing compressed air"

I understand this concept but isn't a tank of air a closed loop? How does the water on the outside of the tank compress gas if the metal itself is the same shape? Sorry if I'm missing something.

Thanks.

submitted by /u/xuuoR
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More than 80 % of the ocean has never been mapped, explored, or even seen by humans. How we could benefit from discovering our aquatic world?

Posted: 26 Jun 2022 07:29 AM PDT

Do you have some examples (in science, everyday life), how we could benefit from discovering our aquatic world?

submitted by /u/Jenda_Smerda
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What is the basis for having a sense of rhythm?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 04:57 PM PDT

It seems to be more involved than just good coordination. Has neuroscience ever studied it?

submitted by /u/Selfeducated
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Why does the moon seem to have significantly more craters at the poles?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 07:46 PM PDT

How did the red fox evolve to remain largely the same species in North America as in Europe?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 01:06 PM PDT

If somatic cells can only divide up to the Hayflick limit, how do people live longer than a few decades?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 08:46 AM PDT

I know not all cell types divide that frequently, but some like skin cells divide daily. It seems that it would not be that long before all skin cells have reached the Hayflick limit and eventually our skin will cease to function.

Even if we replace skin cells with stem cells, I imagine that our source of stem cells is really limited.

submitted by /u/insanelylogical
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What allows animals with shorter life spans than humans (eg. Cats and dogs) to develop age related illnesses like arthritis and mental degradation in much shorter time spans?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 06:30 PM PDT

For example a 15 year old dog may suffer from arthritis or dementia, but it would take an average human a way longer time to start developing those issues typically.

submitted by /u/dundoniandood
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Death Valley is 282’ below sea level. Would it offset the rising ocean to build a canal and create the Death Valley Sea?

Posted: 26 Jun 2022 09:49 AM PDT

is the infinite amount of numbers between 0 and 1 smaller than the infinite amount of numbers between 0 and 2?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 09:17 PM PDT

my sister and i are going back and forth about this and i'm interested who is right or if we both are.

submitted by /u/thneeed
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What would happen to a sealed tin can in space?

Posted: 24 Jun 2022 01:46 PM PDT

Would it explode? Is the metal strong enough to resist the pressure differential? Does it depend on the temperature? What if it were filled with water vs air at 1 atmosphere pressure?

submitted by /u/chazwomaq
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How are foods/drinks analyzed for nutrition to be added to labels?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 05:14 PM PDT

What exactly are instincts ?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 08:51 PM PDT

It is a beavers instinct to build a dam, okay, but what does that MEAN!!?? Like what part of the brain just goes "BEAVER BUILD DAM!!" How does that work, how can a part of your brain encode for building dams. I am a computer engineer and I'm thinking of it like someone codes into beavers brain to build dam BUT HOW IS IT PHYSICSLLY CODED BC THIS IS A BEAVER NOT A COMPUTER !!

submitted by /u/overthinkingtodeath
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Why does low blood pressure make you shaky?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 03:00 PM PDT

Everything I can find is just listing shakiness as a symptom of low blood pressure, but what is actually happening at a cellular level that causes your muscles to not work as well?

submitted by /u/Someragingpacifist
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Are physical formulas like T=0.5*mv^2 literally that precise in reality or is it simplification? Why is it ^2 and not ^1.99999 or ^2.00001?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 06:39 PM PDT

Important formulas in physics often have very "easy" coefficients and exponents. They seem so elegant, when otherwise the universe seems full of chaos and side-effects.

submitted by /u/Ravery-net
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Is there a public toxicological database detailing substances' adverse health effects?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 04:28 AM PDT

Similar to pharmacological databases where you can look up a certain medicament and handily find information on dose ranges, formulations, routes of administration, etc. is there an easily accessible toxicological database with detailed toxicological information for particular substances. I.e. known adverse health effects, dose-response relationships, etc.?

submitted by /u/PCRnoob
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Is there any particular reason we ordered the human chromosome pairs the way we did?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 04:57 PM PDT

Do hearts vary a lot among vertebrates?

Posted: 24 Jun 2022 10:30 PM PDT

I learned recently that mammalian four-chambered hearts are more efficient than reptilian three-chambered hearts. Are mammals special as far as hearts go?

submitted by /u/The_Middler_is_Here
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Are there good case studies of neural net interpretation leading to novel scientific theory/insight?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 06:56 PM PDT

To clarify my question with a (semi) made up example: say we trained a DL model to take some input data to predict some outcome (eg. amino acid sequence to predict protein conformation). Say we also have very little idea how to relate the outcome to the predictors. Then we did some form of interpretability on the DL model and this led to novel theory/insight (eg. certain amino acid subsequences are highly likely to appear on the surface of the protein once it is folded).

Are there good case studies of this sort of thing happening? Links to papers would be super appreciated.

(Disclaimer: I know very little biochemistry so my example might be wrong/nonsense/known without DL)

submitted by /u/Laddenvore
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Do creamer pitchers slow the growth of microbes in milk?

Posted: 25 Jun 2022 12:42 PM PDT

I work at a coffee shop and we are discussing keeping half n half from one day to the next after it's been sitting in a container that's partially closed. I've always been told most foods start to develop microbial colonies after about 4 hours, so I don't think it's a great idea, even if it's in the fridge overnight.

submitted by /u/FiercelyProud
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Wednesday, June 22, 2022

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science


Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:00 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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How closely related are Jaguar and Leopards?

Posted: 22 Jun 2022 02:55 AM PDT

I understand that they both belong to the Panthera genus, but are they any more closely related than to their other cousins like lions and tigers? Or did they just happen to have evolved similarly in terms of looks?

submitted by /u/hipponuggets_
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Are there any academic (or even wild) guesses how important colder climate and ice age was for the development of agriculture in general?

Posted: 22 Jun 2022 06:02 AM PDT

Last ice age in Norhern Europe ended some ~10 000 years ago. Agriculture was developed around the same time, and the area of Fertice Crescent in Middle East is often pointed out here. In present day this area is rather dry, except the areas in Turkey and the river banks in Iran, Iraq and Egypt.

What are the estimates what kind of climate there was in those areas 10 000 years ago? They were probably much more fertile due to lower temperature. I would also guess that a large ice cap in Norhern Europe would have lowered the temperature even more, and also affected on the precipitation in the area.

submitted by /u/apposnollah
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how would a modern day person likely fare against spanish flu?

Posted: 22 Jun 2022 04:58 AM PDT

Would it be as deadly as in the past? Would it be milder? Would we be able to immediately deal with it or there is no specific vaccine or medication?

submitted by /u/dondi01
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Is it at all possible that ‘life’ may accidentally have been brought to Mars by the various rovers sent from Earth?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 04:01 PM PDT

And if so, is there a chance it may thrive and/or impact the local environment in any way?

submitted by /u/Just_want_to_log_in
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If skin is constantly shedding and being regrown, why does moisturizing and avoiding direct sunlight when you’re young help with your skin long term?

If skin is constantly shedding and being regrown, why does moisturizing and avoiding direct sunlight when you’re young help with your skin long term?


If skin is constantly shedding and being regrown, why does moisturizing and avoiding direct sunlight when you’re young help with your skin long term?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 10:34 PM PDT

What is the highest temperature any solid material/element can take without changing states?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 10:22 PM PDT

Im not talking just melting point either. Sublimation too. I know tungsten has the highest known melting point of any pure element at 3695 K, but I read somewhere that there are also other alloys that can take hotter temperature. I know carbon sublimes at around 4098 K so i'm wondering if there is anything that can go beyond those temperatures without a phase transition. Compounds are allowed too.

Edit: Under earth's atmospheric pressure at sea level.

submitted by /u/kinjame
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What will happend with the light that goes through an medium, if the medium travels faste than it's phase velocity?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 03:27 PM PDT

Let's say if i have a piece of glass or transparent medium that goes through space with a speed higher than the phase velocity and light reaces the medium from the back, can it go through, is it reflected or is absorbed?

submitted by /u/shtefhan
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Why are there so many different types of venoms?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 09:47 PM PDT

For example, there are different types of snakes. Of the venomous ones, how did their venoms go about evolving in potency and effects?

submitted by /u/TigreSauvage
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Is there any way to teach the immune system to not attack an implant?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 05:29 PM PDT

As in convince the system to treat or even see the implant as 'self' or at least a new part of 'self'?

submitted by /u/Catvanbrian
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Do sealed terrariums increase in energy or mass over time due to sunlight?

Posted: 20 Jun 2022 09:41 PM PDT

How resilient is modern electrical infrastructure to a major Coronal Mass Ejection such as The Carrington Event?

Posted: 20 Jun 2022 06:03 PM PDT

It is said the massive "Carrington Event" solar storm of 1859 was so powerful it caused telegraph stations to catch fire. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrington_Event

If a coronal mass ejection of equal or greater strength were to hit Earth today, what kind of effects would it have across the globe?

submitted by /u/BiggieSlonker
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how does plants create food using photons. i.e light? I just don't get it. can someone explain the process?

Posted: 20 Jun 2022 11:05 PM PDT

If an animal consumes something, and then I consume that animal, will I be affected by the thing the animal consumed?

Posted: 20 Jun 2022 07:39 PM PDT

Asking for a friend. Google was no help. Friend has an oat allergy that manifest as eczema, and sometimes (not all times) they break out when eating eggs or chicken or other meat. Could they be affected if the animal ate oats? They put this question to me, and I thought it might be okay to ask here. I am interested to learn if there is some sort of nutritional pass-along that comes from the food that the animals eat.

submitted by /u/Lumpy-Upstairs3755
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How did the middle stages of evolution occur?

Posted: 20 Jun 2022 08:06 PM PDT

At one end of development we know that amino acids can form spontaneously. Peptides aren't that much of a stretch after that. At the other extreme, the strongest produce more offspring and the genes multiply.

How did we get from peptides to a self-reproducing code that leads to the production of peptides that make more copies of the original code?

Has anyone proposed intermediate complexity structures and then organisms that would then lead to simple single cell organisms?

submitted by /u/ERDRCR
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Tuesday, June 21, 2022

Where do old satellites go when dead?

Where do old satellites go when dead?


Where do old satellites go when dead?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 06:36 AM PDT

After satellites have finished there designed function, what happens to them? Do they float in orbit completely obsolete, thusted of out into deep space or controlled landing back to earth? Side note, is there a possibility all satellites falling out of orbit at the same time and what would be the ramifications of the theoretical senario be? Would it cause an ELE based the amount of satellites?

submitted by /u/VagueViper88
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Why do some people develop allergies with repeated exposure to an external stimulus vs. some people developing immunity to said stimulus?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 03:31 PM PDT

I've noticed watching documentaries or random videos online as well as medical websites that some people may develop allergies to bee stings after getting stung one too many times. However, some people who harvest honey from bees without any protection (one example is the Gurung people of Nepal) seem to develop immunity to bee stings.

Other examples may be exposure to natural stimuli such as pollen, snake bites, certain molds, or food items. How does this happen? What can make someone more likely to develop an allergy vs. more likely to develop immunity?

submitted by /u/qxzsilver
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Why do people sneeze when first going into the bright sunlight or look into a glare of sunlight?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 02:48 PM PDT

Are claims that the electromagnetic field of the heart is 100 times stronger than that of the brain true? Is it even capable of emiting such large fields?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 08:02 AM PDT

So I've been trying to investigate these New Age claims that say our heart is basically an EMF transmitter but didn't find any convincing proof that this is actually true.

Obviously the heart operates through all sorts of phenomena, electricity being involved as well. Where there is current, there are electromagnetic fields. So it's obvious that SOME field could be detected if we would have a sensitive enough device.

But the problem is their claims seem especially outlandish. The research linked below argues that this EMF can even be detected several feet away, which sounds a bit crazy. If the heart would've had such a strong EMF, it would've been more common knowledge in our society. I mean, maybe they are kind of right. After all, they aren't mentioning any concrete values, they just say it's 100 times stronger than the brain's field (which I also doubt).

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-hearts-magnetic-field-which-is-the-strongest-rhythmic-field-produced-by-the-human_fig11_293944391

I first heard about this claim here: https://youtu.be/ta4w28IlzPE?t=1410

This man named Joe Dispenza was making a lot of sense up to the timestamp I've selected.
When he said the heart produces something similar to a WiFi signal, 3 meters wide, that's when my "quack alarm" started going off.

What's your opinion? Is all of this pseudoscience or is there any truth to it?
Do you have any research to back up these claims?

submitted by /u/roiseeker
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How do chimeric animals avoid organ rejection or other autoimmune disorders?

Posted: 21 Jun 2022 10:39 AM PDT

How would world climate and weather patterns change if part of Central America was missing and the Pacific and Caribbean were connected?

Posted: 20 Jun 2022 04:13 PM PDT

what happens to water when land dries up?

Posted: 20 Jun 2022 02:36 PM PDT

We hear more often that countries become more dry. Iran for instance is dealing with an enormous water scarcity. But what happens to the water? Where does it go? Does it just move to another place?

submitted by /u/longstrokesharpturn
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What dictates how much or fast a virus will mutate?

Posted: 20 Jun 2022 07:13 PM PDT