AskScience AMA Series: Hello Reddit! We're a group of climate researchers and engineers working on new technologies to remove carbon from the atmosphere. Ask us anything!

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• AskScience AMA Series: Hello Reddit! We're a group of climate researchers and engineers working on new technologies to remove carbon from the atmosphere. Ask us anything!
• If a mother bird couldn't find enough food, would she let all her babies starve, or favor one/some and only feed them?
• Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science
• Have ACE inhibitors been tested as a treatment for COVID-19?
• Can you build a laser powerful enough to mess with satellites in orbit?
• If the coronavirus is respiratory and you can't get it from eating infected food, why can you get it through your eyes?
• Is COVID-19 receiving ADE from other coronaviruses?
• Do our bodies make antibodies with multiple paratope configurations for the same pathogen?
• Could previous exposure to other human coronaviruses prevent COVID-19 infection?
• Can ants smell their food, and if so, from how far away?
• Do volcanic eruptions affect Earth's magnetic field?
• Is all crude oil pumped from any given well the same?
• What was the first domesticated animal?
• How is a decaf coffee made? What is the process of decafing a caffeine drink? Thanks.
• What makes the seeds in a chilli spicier than the flesh?
• Does the information passed through separated twisted pair photons, such as in quantum radar, travel faster than the speed of light?
• Why does somatotropin (HGH) released from the pituitary gland cause bodily growth but not artificial HGH?

AskScience AMA Series: Hello Reddit! We're a group of climate researchers and engineers working on new technologies to remove carbon from the atmosphere. Ask us anything! Posted: 27 May 2020 04:00 AM PDT We're Nan Ransohoff and Ryan Orbuch from the Climate team at Stripe. Our work to mitigate the threat of climate change focuses on an underexplored part of the problem-removing carbon from the atmosphere directly, which is essential if the world is to meet its warming targets. Last week, after a rigorous search and review from independent scientific experts, we announced Stripe's first purchases from four negative emissions projects with great potential. We hope this will help create a large and competitive market for carbon removal. CarbonCure: I'm Rob Niven, Founder and CEO of CarbonCure Technologies. Our technology chemically repurposes waste CO_2 during the concrete manufacturing process by mineralizing it into calcium carbonate (CaCO_3)-reducing greenhouse gas emissions, lowering material costs, and improving concrete quality. The technology is already being used at 200+ concrete plants from Miami to Singapore to build hundreds of construction projects from highrises to airports. Charm Industrial: We're Kelly Hering and Shaun Meehan, founding engineers at Charm Industrial. We have created a novel process for converting waste biomass into bio-oil, which we then inject deep underground as negative emissions-creating a permanent geologic store for carbon. Climeworks: I'm Jan Wurzbacher, co-CEO of Climeworks. We use renewable geothermal energy and waste heat to capture CO_2 directly from the air, concentrate it, and permanently sequester it underground in rock formations. Project Vesta: We're Eric Matzner and Tom Green from Project Vesta. Project Vesta captures CO_2 by using an abundant, naturally occurring mineral called olivine. Ocean waves grind down the olivine, which captures atmospheric CO_2 from within the ocean and stabilizes it as limestone on the seafloor. Proof! We'll be answering questions from 10am Pacific / 1pm Eastern (17 UT). Ask us all anything about our work! Username: StripeClimate submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

If a mother bird couldn't find enough food, would she let all her babies starve, or favor one/some and only feed them? Posted: 26 May 2020 03:23 PM PDT Sort of a morbid question, I know. A friend had a nest of robins in their yard, and just found all the babies dead under the nest, and hypothesized that a lack of food could be the cause of death. I didn't think that was likely, but didn't want to bring it up or force the issue when my friend is quite sad about the dead baby birds. I figure that if the mama bird knew that she wasn't finding enough food, she would choose one of her babies to favor and feed with what she could find, to give the best chance of her genes surviving in the next generation. Is this true? Or would she feed them equally and let them all die? If it informs the answer, the mother is still alive. Thanks in advance! submitted by /u/PeanutCalamity [link] [comments]

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Posted: 27 May 2020 08:08 AM PDT Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]

Have ACE inhibitors been tested as a treatment for COVID-19? Posted: 27 May 2020 06:11 AM PDT I am most likely massively over simplifying this, but if the SARS-CoV-2 virus enters host cells using angiotensin-converting enzyme, why can't the virus be stopped/slowed down from entering cells using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors? submitted by /u/qwakery [link] [comments]

Can you build a laser powerful enough to mess with satellites in orbit? Posted: 27 May 2020 06:32 AM PDT A conversation about Starlink got me started down a rabbit hole of imaging satellites currently in orbit and potential "vandalism" from the ground. I'm wondering if imaging satellites could be tracked and blinded by ground-based laser for significant portions of their orbit, and if so why this isn't a common occurrence. submitted by /u/Dux0r [link] [comments]

If the coronavirus is respiratory and you can't get it from eating infected food, why can you get it through your eyes? Posted: 26 May 2020 12:39 PM PDT I have read articles stating that there is no evidence of anyone getting COVID-19 via food. The reasoning I have seen medical experts give is that COVID-19 and its virus are respiratory, so you get it from breathing it in, and if you eat it, your digestive system is separate so you won't get infected. But why then would getting the virus on your hands and then touching your eyes infect you? With your nose and mouth, my assumption was that you could end up breathing it in somehow. But I don't understand why it getting in your eyes would give it to you. I haven't seen this specifically explained anywhere. Thank you! submitted by /u/llamastinkeye [link] [comments]

Is COVID-19 receiving ADE from other coronaviruses? Posted: 27 May 2020 12:05 AM PDT submitted by /u/bebelinko [link] [comments]

Do our bodies make antibodies with multiple paratope configurations for the same pathogen? Posted: 26 May 2020 12:37 PM PDT The SARS-COV-2 virus has many different unique epitopes. When a person gets infected, does their body actually make antibodies with multiple different paratopes? In other words, does a body's antibody response actually consist of various antibodies with various differing paratopes binding to various different unique epitopes on a single pathogen? A single SARS-CoV-2 virus could be surrounded by antibodies, but they're actually binding at different epitope areas based on their various different paratope configurations, with some having a higher binding affinity than others? submitted by /u/rabidsoggymoose [link] [comments]

Could previous exposure to other human coronaviruses prevent COVID-19 infection? Posted: 26 May 2020 09:01 AM PDT I was reading this article T cells found in COVID-19 patients 'bode well' for long-term immunity which says The teams also asked whether people who haven't been infected with SARS-CoV-2 also produce cells that combat it. Thiel and colleagues analyzed blood from 68 uninfected people and found that 34% hosted helper T cells that recognized SARS-CoV-2. The La Jolla team detected this crossreactivity in about half of stored blood samples collected between 2015 and 2018, well before the current pandemic began. The researchers think these cells were likely triggered by past infection with one of the four human coronaviruses that cause colds; proteins in these viruses resemble those of SARS-CoV-2. Regarding previous exposure to human coronaviruses, NL63 looks awfully similar to COVID-19 because they both attack via the ACE2 receptor. What kind of research would be needed to establish a link between NL63 exposure and COVID-19 immunity? If there is a link between NL63 (or another human coronaviruses) exposure and COVID-19 immunity, would intentionally exposing people to NL63 act like a natural vaccine to COVID-19? submitted by /u/fasteddie31003 [link] [comments]

Can ants smell their food, and if so, from how far away? Posted: 26 May 2020 06:24 PM PDT Do they find food through a sense of smell or some other sense, or is it just random luck? Just curious if the ants are actively "hunting" their food supply. submitted by /u/schelant15 [link] [comments]

Do volcanic eruptions affect Earth's magnetic field? Posted: 26 May 2020 01:39 PM PDT I'm doing a little research about volcanoes and I want to know the connection between volcanoes and magnetics. I learned that the Earth's magnetic field is basically generated by the flowing iron-rich magma and the rotation of the Earth (which creates a dynamo effect). If my understanding of the magnetic field is off pls correct me. Does this mean volcanic eruptions somehow affect the magnetic field because of the magnetic lava? Do volcanoes have anything to do with the polarity switches throughout Earth's history? What's the connection between volcanoes and the magnetic field? submitted by /u/floppycheeseandchoc [link] [comments]

Is all crude oil pumped from any given well the same? Posted: 26 May 2020 01:27 PM PDT What I mean by this is, do they have the same proportion of hydrocarbons for example? I understand that cracking separates the hydrocarbons from crude oil by different molecular weights through fractional distillation, so I was wondering if the average barrel of oil from one well might have a different proportion of some hydrocarbon than from another well. If so, does this mean that oil from some wells, given the difference in these proportions, might be more or less valuable than the oil from another well? Thanks. submitted by /u/Dark_T100 [link] [comments]

What was the first domesticated animal? Posted: 26 May 2020 08:24 AM PDT And does it differ area from area; did the humans in Mesopotamia domesticate one animal and those living in South America some other first? submitted by /u/dsdrft [link] [comments]

How is a decaf coffee made? What is the process of decafing a caffeine drink? Thanks. Posted: 26 May 2020 12:33 AM PDT submitted by /u/mrbomb27 [link] [comments]

What makes the seeds in a chilli spicier than the flesh? Posted: 26 May 2020 01:14 AM PDT submitted by /u/Captain0rang3 [link] [comments]

Does the information passed through separated twisted pair photons, such as in quantum radar, travel faster than the speed of light? Posted: 26 May 2020 11:43 AM PDT I've been loosely following the subject, it is a game changer. It was my understanding that when twisted photons are separated and one undergoes a state change, then the other registers the same state change regardless of the distance between the two. Is this instantaneous? If it is instantaneous, would not the information of the state change have, in effect, traveled faster than the speed of light? Here is a small reference article: https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/08/23/75512/quantum-radar-has-been-demonstrated-for-the-first-time/ submitted by /u/urkldajrkl [link] [comments]

Why does somatotropin (HGH) released from the pituitary gland cause bodily growth but not artificial HGH? Posted: 26 May 2020 08:16 AM PDT In other words, why does an overactive pituitary gland, such as in gigantism/acromegaly, cause physical growth, but not when artificially introduced? I ask because I was reading about Robert Wadlow, and it's said he probably had a tumor on his pituitary that caused the excessive growth. Obviously his height wasn't the result of his genes, as his parents were normal height. So, if a malfunctioning pituitary can cause excessive growth, why doesn't artificial HGH? If a child had idiopathic short stature (ISS) due to genetics, why would HGH therapy not cause extra growth in the same way a tumor would? Sorry if my question is worded strangely. Thanks! submitted by /u/DrBeePhD [link] [comments]

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AskScience AMA Series: I'm Brian Greene, theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist, and co-founder of the World Science Festival. AMA!

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• AskScience AMA Series: I'm Brian Greene, theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist, and co-founder of the World Science Festival. AMA!
• Is there any amount of turbulence which could bring a plane down?
• Why is there so little neon in Earth's atmosphere?
• Why doesn't the CDC provided Oligonucleotide Sequences provided for Covid-19 testing match any sub-sequences provided in the updated published Covid-19 genome (version 2)?
• Starting today, and continuing every day for an infinite number of days, I will add one kilogram of iron to a large heap of iron. Will my heap eventually collapse into a black hole? Or is the shock of the supernova also needed?
• How fast does the humoral immune response occur (after becoming immune)?
• How do you cut a pizza into 7 equal slices using only parallel cuts?
• Is dark matter a byproduct of the expansion of the universe, I.E the thing dark energy leaves behind after expanding into empty space?
• Is it possible to make sodium metal from NaOCl?
• Is there research that shows that the absence of certain physical stressors that were present in distant past and experienced by our ancestors can worsen brain function and create mental health issues like depression?
• What causes the effect of trenchfoot?
• What are some ways we determine what asteroids are made of?
• Which instruments do they use to observe photons or electrons in the double slit experiment?
• Does the Earth's rotation create centripetal force against everything on it's surface? If so does that mean we aren't experiencing gravity as strong as it should be?
• Do galaxies regularly "disappear" from the edge of the observable Universe due to the ever expanding nature of space?
• Why are Boron and Aluminum in column 13 of periodic table instead of 3?
• What is the scientific term for the amount of current/electricity a material can endure before being destroyed/melting?
• What does the "hand" part of the motor homunculus map refer to?

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Brian Greene, theoretical physicist, mathematician, and string theorist, and co-founder of the World Science Festival. AMA! Posted: 26 May 2020 04:00 AM PDT I'm Brian Greene, professor of physics and mathematics at Columbia University and the Director of the university's Center of Theoretical Physics. I am also the co-founder of the World Science Festival, an organization that creates novel, multimedia experience to bring science to general audiences. My scientific research focuses on the search for Einstein's dream of a unified theory, which for decades has inspired me to work on string theory. For much of that time I have helped develop the possibility that the universe may have more than three dimensions of space. I'm also an author, having written four books for adults, The Elegant Universe, The Fabric of the Cosmos, The Hidden Reality, and just recently, Until the End of Time. The Elegant Universe and The Fabric of the Cosmos were both adapted into NOVA PBS mini-series, which I hosted, and a short story I wrote, Icarus at the End of Time, was adapted into a live performance with an original score by Philip Glass. Last May, my work for the stage Light Falls, which explores Einstein's discovery of the General Theory, was broadcast nationally on PBS. These days, in addition to physics research, I'm working on a television adaptation of Until the End of Time as well as various science programs that the World Science Festival is producing. I'm originally from New York and went to Stuyvesant High School, then studied physics at Harvard, graduating in 1984. After earning my doctorate at Magdalen College at the University of Oxford in 1987, I moved to Harvard as a postdoc, and then to Cornell as a junior faculty member. I have been professor mathematics and physics at Columbia University since 1996. I'll be here at 11 a.m. ET (15 UT), AMA! Username: novapbs submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

Is there any amount of turbulence which could bring a plane down? Posted: 25 May 2020 07:15 AM PDT I've heard plenty of times that this is not actually possible, but I'm wondering if it could theoretically happen. And no, I'm not asking this because I have a fear of flying. I don't need to be reassured about anything. submitted by /u/navicroc02 [link] [comments]

Why is there so little neon in Earth's atmosphere? Posted: 26 May 2020 06:57 AM PDT Neon is the 5th most common element in the universe, more so than argon. The molar mass is also 20, higher than water's 18, so it probably doesn't escape into space like helium does. Despite being so common, argon outnumbers neon 500:1 in the atmosphere. Why? Is it because Earth simply didn't start with any and that the argon came from radioactive decay? Is that why there is so much Ar-40 in the atmosphere because we never had Ar-36 to begin with? submitted by /u/GlaciatedNorth [link] [comments]

Why doesn't the CDC provided Oligonucleotide Sequences provided for Covid-19 testing match any sub-sequences provided in the updated published Covid-19 genome (version 2)? Posted: 26 May 2020 07:18 AM PDT I have been investigating the Covid-19 testing process and more specifically how the tests were created. From my understanding, the CDC has published Oligonucleotide Sequences (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/lab/rt-pcr-panel-primer-probes.html) that should be used by US RT-PCR test creators to detect the presence of Covid-19. From my understanding, these published sequences are the signatures for detection of the virus. In trying to understand how these sequences were created, I took the original published sequenced genome (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947.2) published in the "Chinese Medical Journal" and tried to find the provided CDC sequence as it is my assumption that the CDC published sequences should match the original covid-19 sequenced genome. I was able to successfully find the first provided forward primer "GAC CCC AAA ATC AGC GAA AT" matching the end of line number 28261. However, the scientists have updated the genome with a new version on Jan 17, 2020 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947) and I am unable to find the sequence "GAC CCC AAA ATC AGC GAA AT" in this Covid-19 genome. I have also checked the reverse (CTG GGG TTT ...) without luck. I would assume the entire point of picking good Oligonucleotide Sequences is they should stay static over all possible Covid-19 changes. The CDC clearly says it may change these sequences but they haven't. How is this possible to have a different published Covid-19 genome that the CDC's test doesn't detect? Isn't the fact the genome was updated problematic? Could the CDC test "verified" test not actually be effective as a result? Did the CDC do it's own large scale sequencing effort since the first sequence was collected from only 5 individuals. submitted by /u/ALittleSkeptical [link] [comments]

Starting today, and continuing every day for an infinite number of days, I will add one kilogram of iron to a large heap of iron. Will my heap eventually collapse into a black hole? Or is the shock of the supernova also needed? Posted: 26 May 2020 12:29 AM PDT (Rephrased and reposted because a previous version, starting with "If I heaped", was taken down by the mods as hypothetical.) submitted by /u/thefourthchipmunk [link] [comments]

How fast does the humoral immune response occur (after becoming immune)? Posted: 26 May 2020 07:33 AM PDT Hi! I was wondering about the speed of the humoral immune response... Once immunity towards a certain antigen is achieved following a first time infection, how fast is the body's response to reinfection? Does the body develop and maintain the memory cells for an extended period of time, with these continuously pumping out antibodies with the specific surface receptors just in case reinfection occurs, or is there an "oh shit" moment wherein the body has to look through its "immunity catalogue" to then produce the required antibodies? And finally, whichever the process is, when the known antigen re-enters the body, how fast does it take for the body to trigger and execute the immune response so as to eradicate antigen from the body? Thanks! submitted by /u/nagget [link] [comments]

How do you cut a pizza into 7 equal slices using only parallel cuts? Posted: 26 May 2020 07:39 AM PDT I found this and it answers the question with 3 pieces but I was wondering if it's different for 7 or any number. https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1857685/dividing-a-circle-into-3-equal-pieces-using-2-parallel-lines What is the equation needed to cut a circle into 7 (or any number) pieces, so that each piece has the same area, using cuts that are parallel to each other ie: only verticle. submitted by /u/cloudburstAlec [link] [comments]

Is dark matter a byproduct of the expansion of the universe, I.E the thing dark energy leaves behind after expanding into empty space? Posted: 25 May 2020 10:50 PM PDT Space has an inherent mass to it — dark matter. If you create more space, which dark energy so happens to do, would the both of them be directly linked? Instead of expanding space, would dark energy really just be creating dark matter which is space? That sounds stupid, please just focus on my first question. submitted by /u/Phalanx9G [link] [comments]

Is it possible to make sodium metal from NaOCl? Posted: 25 May 2020 05:25 PM PDT I've seen electrolysis of NaOH to make sodium metal but from what I've googled NaOCl has a melting point of 18C/64F which would make it very easy to get in a liquid state for electrolysis. Is there something that would prevent doing this and successfully making sodium metal from it? submitted by /u/Ironheart86 [link] [comments]

Is there research that shows that the absence of certain physical stressors that were present in distant past and experienced by our ancestors can worsen brain function and create mental health issues like depression? Posted: 26 May 2020 03:53 AM PDT submitted by /u/ChosenUndead24 [link] [comments]

What causes the effect of trenchfoot? Posted: 25 May 2020 09:23 PM PDT Ive been reading about ww1 and how one condition the soliders got was trench foot, where their foots would essentially melt or disintegrate. I was wondering what exactly caused the muscles to become so weak it would crumble? I read that it had to do with how being in water for long periods of time causes loss of circulation but my question is what about this interaction with water causes loss of circulation? submitted by /u/AoiBeeLey [link] [comments]

What are some ways we determine what asteroids are made of? Posted: 25 May 2020 02:07 PM PDT I know that we can look at meteorites for some clue, but I am wondering what some other ways are? submitted by /u/Chezni19 [link] [comments]

Which instruments do they use to observe photons or electrons in the double slit experiment? Posted: 25 May 2020 02:37 PM PDT I have searched a bit but all I saw was some "funny" animations about the experiment. Better; if you know a video doing this experiment with and without observing, not just showing the waves, please give me the link. Thank you in advance! submitted by /u/kneiboi [link] [comments]

Does the Earth's rotation create centripetal force against everything on it's surface? If so does that mean we aren't experiencing gravity as strong as it should be? Posted: 25 May 2020 06:59 AM PDT submitted by /u/Sebba8 [link] [comments]

Do galaxies regularly "disappear" from the edge of the observable Universe due to the ever expanding nature of space? Posted: 25 May 2020 08:48 AM PDT Here are my assumptions: The space in the Universe is expanding rapidly, attaining light speeds or even more at far away distances. This why we can only see a part of the Universe because light from beyond that point travels slower than the expanding space between it and us. The space within the observable Universe(which let's assume is a sphere) is also expanding and therefore at a certain point the galaxy at the edge must "spill" out of the surface of the observable sphere. Have we ever observed this phenomena? submitted by /u/Shoor_veer [link] [comments]

Why are Boron and Aluminum in column 13 of periodic table instead of 3? Posted: 25 May 2020 10:35 AM PDT Do the other elements in column 13 tend to ionize by giving up 3 electrons? Is 10 electrons in the shell is a stable point between 0 and 18? submitted by /u/BillTowne [link] [comments]

What is the scientific term for the amount of current/electricity a material can endure before being destroyed/melting? Posted: 25 May 2020 09:03 AM PDT I don't really know how to explain it but I'll do my best. Take a lightbulb, when it blows, what's the term for that limitation? submitted by /u/Drunken_Englishman [link] [comments]

What does the "hand" part of the motor homunculus map refer to? Posted: 25 May 2020 07:16 AM PDT I'm sorry if I'm scientifically illiterate. I'm sure you can understand what I'm trying to say here. I'm just curious about this, it's not an urgent question. I'm looking at this example and it shows quite a big area dedicated to "hand", but I'm unsure what it's referring to, as there are areas for the fingers and the wrist. Any answers are appreciated, and please excuse me for not sounding too informed submitted by /u/Ufoul [link] [comments]

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AskScience Panel of Scientists XXII

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• AskScience Panel of Scientists XXII
• Is there enough genetic material left in a loaf of bread to trace it back to the wheat plants used to make it?
• How do Genes know when to Turn On and Off?
• How high can the average bird fly? What about insects? And what determines this limit?
• How are Windows passwords checked against particular substrings like date of birth, name etc... for security reasons when the password you type is supposed to be encrypted ?
• Can messenger RNA ever enter the nucleus?
• Racial diversity in drug/vaccine development?
• Difference between sustained wind and wind gusts?
• How does your health during adolescence affect your health for the rest of your life?
• Covid-19 immunity?? Can we train our bodies through limited exposure?
• How are those incredibly zoomed out photos of the universe with the 'You are here' tag taken?
• After two months of lockdown, how can 1000 people a day still be getting infected in Los Angeles County?
• Is donated blood tested on cancer cells?
• Is there any study being done right now for us to know when an earthquake will happen?
• Will I test positive after being fully recovered from COVID?
• How true is “Everyone has a different fingerprint”?
• Can Viruses/Germs Move From One Physical Location to Another?
• Musical Instruments and Typing, Similarities in the brain?
• Does gravity cause a concentration gradient im solutions?

AskScience Panel of Scientists XXII Posted: 24 Jan 2020 05:32 PM PST Please read this entire post carefully and format your application appropriately. This post is for new panelist recruitment! The previous one is here. The panel is an informal group of redditors who are either professional scientists or those in training to become so. All panelists have at least a graduate-level familiarity within their declared field of expertise and answer questions from related areas of study. A panelist's expertise is summarized in a color-coded AskScience flair. Membership in the panel comes with access to a panelist subreddit. It is a place for panelists to interact with each other, voice concerns to the moderators, and where the moderators make announcements to the whole panel. It's a good place to network with people who share your interests! You are eligible to join the panel if you: Are studying for at least an MSc. or equivalent degree in the sciences, AND, Are able to communicate your knowledge of your field at a level accessible to various audiences. Instructions for formatting your panelist application: Choose exactly one general field from the side-bar (Physics, Engineering, Social Sciences, etc.). State your specific field in one word or phrase (Neuropathology, Quantum Chemistry, etc.) Succinctly describe your particular area of research in a few words (carbon nanotube dielectric properties, myelin sheath degradation in Parkinsons patients, etc.) Give us a brief synopsis of your education: are you a research scientist for three decades, or a first-year Ph.D. student? Provide links to comments you've made in AskScience which you feel are indicative of your scholarship. Applications will not be approved without several comments made in /r/AskScience itself. Ideally, these comments should clearly indicate your fluency in the fundamentals of your discipline as well as your expertise. We favor comments that contain citations so we can assess its correctness without specific domain knowledge. Here's an example application: Username: /u/foretopsail General field: Anthropology Specific field: Maritime Archaeology Particular areas of research include historical archaeology, archaeometry, and ship construction. Education: MA in archaeology, researcher for several years. Comments: 1, 2, 3, 4. Please do not give us personally identifiable information and please follow the template. We're not going to do real-life background checks - we're just asking for reddit's best behavior. However, several moderators are tasked with monitoring panelist activity, and your credentials will be checked against the academic content of your posts on a continuing basis. You can submit your application by replying to this post. submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

Is there enough genetic material left in a loaf of bread to trace it back to the wheat plants used to make it? Posted: 24 May 2020 04:18 PM PDT submitted by /u/Evoline17 [link] [comments]

How do Genes know when to Turn On and Off? Posted: 25 May 2020 06:10 AM PDT Certain genes are known to turn on and off at certain ages, for example in lactose intolerant adult humans (and most other mammals) the genes for producing lactase turn off after childhood. Another example is example is male pattern facial hair and baldness, how do the genes responsible for Producing DHT know when to activate to generate that phenotype? By what mechanism does the organisms body know that it's at the appropriate age to turn a particular gene on or off? submitted by /u/ChamberKeeper [link] [comments]

How high can the average bird fly? What about insects? And what determines this limit? Posted: 24 May 2020 02:20 PM PDT submitted by /u/church38 [link] [comments]

How are Windows passwords checked against particular substrings like date of birth, name etc... for security reasons when the password you type is supposed to be encrypted ? Posted: 25 May 2020 05:00 AM PDT Hello everybody, I don't know if my question is clear but I was wondering as a new coworker was getting her computer set up : some passwords are not allowed for your windows account (passwords that contain date of birth, name...). ​ But how is that possible without "storing" somewhere, even in a cache/temp folder, the password itself and not the encrypted version like it is supposed to be done for passwords ? Is there a relation between the encryption of a string, and the encryption of a substring so that it can be recognized from the encrypted version of a password that security conditions are not met ? ​ Thank you for your replies and your time Cheers submitted by /u/GoBackToTheKitchen [link] [comments]

Can messenger RNA ever enter the nucleus? Posted: 24 May 2020 08:04 PM PDT I understand that mRNAs that are transcribed in the nucleus can sometimes stay within the nucleus or be transported out via NPCs. My question is: can cytoplasmic mRNA ever enter the nucleus? Either endogenous mRNAs or perhaps exogenous mRNAs from vaccines? Thanks. submitted by /u/socxer [link] [comments]

Racial diversity in drug/vaccine development? Posted: 25 May 2020 03:26 AM PDT Just curious if there are diversity requirements (global, national, etc??) for when developing drugs or vaccines? If not, what is the rationale for why it is expected to work the same for all people? Are we making assumptions about how diseases work or how the body works? (Hope I worded that alright, I know very little about this topic. Thank you so much for your time to everyone who reads this!) submitted by /u/PreviousTale8 [link] [comments]

Difference between sustained wind and wind gusts? Posted: 24 May 2020 02:41 PM PDT I'm into wind sports and accuracy of terminology. Quite often in nasty wind conditions, the difference between sustained wind and wind gusts will be large. Sometimes the forecast changes and the difference between the sustained wind and wind gusts will decrease, creating more favorable conditions. I'm prone to calling this favorable change a "tightened gradient" but I'm not sure this is the correct terminology. Is there a better way to describe this phenomenon? Thanks! submitted by /u/Anthonyknee [link] [comments]

How does your health during adolescence affect your health for the rest of your life? Posted: 24 May 2020 12:56 PM PDT I've heard people talk about all kinds of things like your metabolism, cognitive ability, mood regulation etc being largely defined during adolescence or youth, and I am wondering if there's truth to this? submitted by /u/GeorgeIX [link] [comments]

Covid-19 immunity?? Can we train our bodies through limited exposure? Posted: 24 May 2020 11:12 PM PDT What happens when one receives a low dosage (below threshold required for infection) of the virus? Could this train your body to be somewhat immune or does it cause a mild/asymptomatic illness? submitted by /u/Qaqk [link] [comments]

How are those incredibly zoomed out photos of the universe with the 'You are here' tag taken? Posted: 24 May 2020 10:39 AM PDT I've seen some videos where they repeatedly zoom out starting from Earth. It eventually gets to the observable universe and a tag points to somewhere in the photo saying "You are here". How are we taking a photo of ourselves? Similiarly, how is a picture of the milky way taken if we are in it? submitted by /u/aangsparents [link] [comments]

After two months of lockdown, how can 1000 people a day still be getting infected in Los Angeles County? Posted: 24 May 2020 11:08 PM PDT submitted by /u/heykarlll [link] [comments]

Is donated blood tested on cancer cells? Posted: 24 May 2020 09:30 AM PDT I have read that cancer cells can travel through the bloodstream. If so, is donated blood tested on cancer cells? submitted by /u/CartesianClosedCat [link] [comments]

Is there any study being done right now for us to know when an earthquake will happen? Posted: 24 May 2020 08:02 AM PDT I know earthquakes can never be predicted like we can predict the happenings of a typhoon, but I might be sitting on an outdated information. It doesnt have to be exact, at least an estimated time works really well, and of course the general area submitted by /u/nelrossdd [link] [comments]

Will I test positive after being fully recovered from COVID? Posted: 24 May 2020 07:59 PM PDT This is not my field so I am not sure what means fully recovered exactly. The problem is that I believe I had COVID and didn't feel any symptoms because two friends of mine who live with me had fever and sore throat and we immediately isolated. We can't be sure it was covid so after a whole month we want to make a test, but would it test positive even after recovered? submitted by /u/UnbiasedPeeledPotato [link] [comments]

How true is “Everyone has a different fingerprint”? Posted: 24 May 2020 11:54 AM PDT submitted by /u/TrueProGamer1 [link] [comments]

Can Viruses/Germs Move From One Physical Location to Another? Posted: 24 May 2020 12:22 PM PDT Not sure if this is the right sub, but saw some tongs used for hotdogs at a gas station. Got me wondering, if someone used the tongs, and they had a virus, could the virus "crawl" to the tip of the tongs, essentially getting on the food the tongs are being used for? submitted by /u/ScoobaStephe [link] [comments]

Musical Instruments and Typing, Similarities in the brain? Posted: 24 May 2020 09:23 AM PDT I was recently thinking about how our brains process typing on a keyboard vs Musical Instruments. Are there similarities in how our brains process the activities besides the motor function part of the brain? When typing out a novel or playing a melody on the flute, both of them are art in a way, so I am curious if anyone has any thoughts or research articles on this. submitted by /u/wanderingjew420 [link] [comments]

Does gravity cause a concentration gradient im solutions? Posted: 24 May 2020 05:25 AM PDT For example: Is there more alcohol in the the top of my vodka bottle if i let it sit long enough? submitted by /u/dragonwin11 [link] [comments]

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