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Friday, July 28, 2017

Why do some people have good sense of direction while other don't? Do we know how the brain differs in such people?

Why do some people have good sense of direction while other don't? Do we know how the brain differs in such people?


Why do some people have good sense of direction while other don't? Do we know how the brain differs in such people?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 03:54 AM PDT

Do all electrons, protons and neutrons have the exact same mass and volume or are there slight variations?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 05:49 AM PDT

If the mass of an electron is said to be 9.10938356 × 10-31 kilograms, are there electrons that weight 9.10938356001 × 10-31 kilograms or 9.10938355999 × 10-31 kilograms?

Or are they all absolutly, 100%, without a doubt exactly the same mass and volume? Is there a way to tell them apart? can we know if the electron/proton/neutron that we are observing is the same one that we observed before?

submitted by /u/Vovabs
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Which is better for thermal protection/control, light colors or dark colors?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 05:56 AM PDT

Videos online have said that commercial aircraft are white in order to provide thermal protection from the Sun, but the SR-71 flew much higher, thus exposed to far more radiation from the Sun than any other aircraft, and it was painted black, according to Ben Rich, for better thermal protection. So which is the true better option?

submitted by /u/ripplecutbuddha2
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Marine biologists use submarines with bright lights to film deep sea creatures, many of which have very large, sensitive eyes. Are the retinas of these animals damaged by these lights, and do they try to avoid the subs?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 12:30 PM PDT

Why are security features in government documents and currency made to fluoresce in ultraviolet light as opposed to infrared light?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 01:36 AM PDT

A group of my friends who were Canadian were travelling abroad and I remembered seeing an image of the national passport on the site, imgur and how the pages 'glowed' in comparison to other passports so I decided to buy an UV flashlight online and sure enough we were amazed.

But it brought me thinking about how more expensive ultraviolet lighting is and why would the government not cut costs by using features that fluoresced in infrared instead. Is it because of a practical issue involving science or a security issue?

submitted by /u/femmejean
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Why is it when people are completely paralysed, the only things they can move is their eyes? What makes the eye muscles different to any other muscles?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 05:40 PM PDT

Why is the sky above me darker than at the horizon?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 07:02 PM PDT

When exercising, why do they recommend to breath in through your nose, and exhale through your mouth?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 03:04 PM PDT

Why do our breath stink when we are hungry?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 06:31 PM PDT

How do marine invertebrates, like octopuses, show up in the fossil record if they don't have bones? Wouldn't they simply decompose and leave no evolutionary record?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 02:04 AM PDT

What makes birds reptiles?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 07:52 AM PDT

I am a biology major in college and it has been drilled into my brain that birds are reptiles, however many people don't agree. Surprisingly, many of these people have a scientific background. Their main argument is that birds are a completely different class from reptiles.

submitted by /u/AshleyNunez
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Does picking 4-leaf clovers have a selective breeding effect?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 06:06 PM PDT

How do plants know when to start blooming?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 07:32 PM PDT

Do plant hormones have something to do with it? Is it triggered by temperature?

submitted by /u/reallyageek
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How far does an average atom travel in one day?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 11:10 PM PDT

A laser diode allows current to flow in the opposite way?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 06:02 AM PDT

I know it works totally different from L.E.D.,but why it's called diode?

submitted by /u/Doctor-Jackall
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Can you get a sun tan/burn through glass?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 04:30 AM PDT

For example if you sit inside and the sun shines on you through a window.

submitted by /u/pclpcl
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What happens as we approach absolute zero and how close can we get?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 10:32 PM PDT

When you are in a dark room for some time, and get out into a bright room, your eyes/head hurts. What is the mechanism the causes this pain? Is it some muscle contracting next to your eyes? Is it some special pain sensor cell that has this only function (cause pain if too bright)? What is it?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 06:25 PM PDT

If there is a little bit of time unaccounted for in a single day and single year on earth, why didn't we just create a unit of time that would have made everything accounted for?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 07:15 PM PDT

For example, make the second just slightly longer to fill the gap.

submitted by /u/dw_junkie
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Are stages of past rockets (pre-Space Shuttle Columbia) still in Low Earth Orbit as flying debris?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 12:12 AM PDT

I know that for many months, if not years, that separated rocket stages and so on will linger in LEO as flying debris, although there are exceptions to that. Is it possible that certain parts of the Saturn V that carried out the Apollo 11 mission is still in the Earth's orbit for example?

Not only that, but how dangerous will space debris be in the next 50 odd-years? I've recently been watching "Planetes", which inspired this question.

submitted by /u/SpartanOfThePast
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Why is the green background used for special effects?

Posted: 28 Jul 2017 12:06 AM PDT

And why not red, blue or any other colour?

submitted by /u/LUCASE07
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How do we get advanced notice on earth of astronomical events like solar storms or the recent gamma ray burst?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 02:17 PM PDT

As far as I know, these two events travel at the speed of light, and we obviously don't have any way to transmit data faster than that. Are there precursors to these events that reliable tell us they are coming?

submitted by /u/elcapitanpdx
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What are those squiggly heat waves that sometimes radiate off hot stuff?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 06:28 PM PDT

What is happening when those squiggly "waves?" appear? For example, when grilling and you shut the lid, you can see these things radiate off the top.

submitted by /u/pete_pirahna
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Thursday, July 27, 2017

Do microwaves interfere with WiFi signals? If so, how?

Do microwaves interfere with WiFi signals? If so, how?


Do microwaves interfere with WiFi signals? If so, how?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 03:14 PM PDT

I've noticed that when I am reheating something in the microwave, I am unable to load any pages online or use the Internet (am still connected) but resumes working normally once the microwave stops. Interested to see if there is a physics related reason for this.

Edit 1: syntax.

Edit 2: Ooo first time hitting the front page! Thanks Reddit.

Edit 3: for those wondering - my microwave which I've checked is 1100W is placed on the other side of the house to my modem with a good 10 metres and two rooms between them.

Edit 4: I probably should have added that I really only notice the problem when I stand within the immediate vicinity (within approx 8 metres from my quick tests) of the microwave, which aligns with several of the answers made by many of the replies here stating a slight, albeit standard radiation 'leak'.

submitted by /u/SplimeStudios
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If a bottle is completely filled with water and I shake it. Does the water still move inside?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 07:07 AM PDT

We seem to think of and display space as being very "horizontal." What would happen if you left Earth and flew "down"?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 07:15 PM PDT

What process does a Quantum computer undergo, at an atomic level, to "read" Qubits, and how do the Qubits collapse into the state which solves the task?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 09:47 AM PDT

I'm doing a project on Quantum Computing and I've hit a bit of a wall when it comes to Qubits being in the "right" state as it were.

As an example, if a Quantum computer were asked to find the two prime factors of a number (like in decryption/encryption), how would the Quantum computer read the selection of Qubits to give the correct solution?

The only way I can think of this happening is to have a selection of logic gates that somehow collapse the Qubit into the correct state when observed; however, I'm not too sure how this actually would work with Qubits.

Any overview/condensed answers would be as much appreciated as those which go into a more atomic/chemical depth about how it would all physically function.

Cheers!

submitted by /u/tooditoo
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If an infinitely powerful computer had a complete snapshot of the universe, by which I mean every possible datum about every bit of matter or energy, could a perfect simulation accurately predict the future, or is there some intrinsic randomness in the system?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 03:32 AM PDT

[Computing] Why is Moore's Law predictably incremental?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 05:29 AM PDT

Many people are familiar with Moore's Law, which states that the transistor count of high-end integrated circuits doubles roughly every 18 months. This, of course, is because the transistors themselves getting smaller and smaller.

Looking at the past quarter century, we've seen the process size of high-end circuits shrink from around a micron to just a few nanometers.

When you look at Intel's roadmap, they usually have a few die shrinks plotted out, years into the future.

My stupid question is: Why is this so predictably incremental? I know they sometimes run into barriers that must be overcome, but barring those, what prevents companies like Intel from releasing chips built on a 500 nm process one year to a 45 nm process the next?

If it's technological barriers, how are they so predictably overcome? Or is it just marketing, always wanting to give people a new, faster processor to buy?

submitted by /u/CardassianNeckTrick
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How can we tell which direction a sound is coming from?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 04:59 AM PDT

what makes certain areas of the brain particularly suited to a task?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 04:14 AM PDT

e.g. wernicke's area is associated with speech production. Why is it that this area rather than another is dedicated to this task? Is the reason structural?

submitted by /u/VeryWorriedPerson
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Does humidity effect Digital Over the Air TV reception?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 03:47 AM PDT

I have only a roof antenna. When OTA went digital it changed for the worse. I have had 2 new antennas installed since then and it seems the best reception is on very dry days. Is this just in my head?

submitted by /u/lespaulstrat2
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Would being underwater help survive a nuclear bomb?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 05:01 PM PDT

If I jump in my pool, on the river near my house knowing that a nuclear bomb, or atomic or H-Bomb exploded around 10 km from my house, would I survive?

The way I see it is that water will protect me from the heat, so then I will be able to surface up after the explosion and escape.

submitted by /u/pandoracube
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What is the smallest thing we can directly observe with any type of equipment?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 01:26 AM PDT

Why is it that feces is almost always brown?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 05:00 AM PDT

I am wondering why poop is so often brown in mammals. I know that it can be other colors, such as black or green, based off of certain factors. My question is, why is it usually brown regardless of the color of the food eaten?

submitted by /u/TimeCat27
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What effect does cannabis use during pregnancy have on the offspring? Are there any associations with development of mental illness?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 08:30 PM PDT

It seems that the most current literature is limited, since the majority of research and studies were done back in the 1980s when the potency of cannabis was much lower than it is today. I am researching this topic for a paper and any help would be greatly appreciated!

submitted by /u/MsPoco
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Why does it take thousands of gallons of water to make a single pound of beef?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 07:05 PM PDT

I have been looking into animal agriculture lately and I am bewildered by the amount of water it takes to produce beef. Some sources say it's around 5,000 gallons of water to produce one pound of beef. Why is that?

submitted by /u/Samwich008
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Based on the Voyager probe trajectories, is it possible to calculate where they will end up thousands or millions of years in the future?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 05:55 PM PDT

Do more intense stimuli require more effort from our perceptual structures to observe?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 05:10 AM PDT

What I really mean is, when a stimulus is more "intense", like when we're looking at a particularly bright scene or listening to something very loud, does the body have to expend more energy to perceive these high energy phenomena? I was thinking maybe your sensory neurons would have to go through/cycle neurotransmitters more rapidly, or that the neurons in the brain might have to fire more frequently, but I'd like to hear from someone who knows more about molecular cell biology than myself.

submitted by /u/arborescere
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How is the native origin of a plant determined?

Posted: 27 Jul 2017 04:50 AM PDT

For foods and plants that are cultivated globally, what is the methodology for determining their native origin?

submitted by /u/harlequinrose
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Why do you need uranium 235 and not uranium 238 to source weapons?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 01:51 PM PDT

Should not be the 238 heavier, and therefor more unstable?

submitted by /u/the_HonZ
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How is the Dead Sea the lowest point on Earth ( 400m) if the Grand Canyon has a depth of 1800m?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 10:03 PM PDT

On a chemical level, why are painkillers and other medications contraindicated with alcohol?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 05:16 PM PDT

I understand that the effects of certain medications can be exacerbated by consuming alcohol. On a chemical and metabolic level, what exactly happens in these interactions?

submitted by /u/kazman101
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How fast is the air moving into a fan relative to the air moving out?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 07:12 PM PDT

How can birds sit on the uninsulated cables on power lines without dying?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 06:45 PM PDT

in our neighborhood there are two uninsulated live wires and then some other insulated cables below them on the power poles. How are birds and squirrels able to touch the uninsulated ones without being shocked?

submitted by /u/VideoGameLover
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Wednesday, July 26, 2017

Does the human stomach digest food as a batch process, or in a continuous feed to the rest of the digestive tract?

Does the human stomach digest food as a batch process, or in a continuous feed to the rest of the digestive tract?


Does the human stomach digest food as a batch process, or in a continuous feed to the rest of the digestive tract?

Posted: 25 Jul 2017 07:35 PM PDT

When we pee, does our bladder get rid of all of the urine, or does it have to keep some?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 06:44 AM PDT

Which factors determine the refractive index of a material and is there a theoretical limit to how big it can be?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 06:31 AM PDT

Are circadian rhythms universal or do they vary person to person or across cultures?

Posted: 25 Jul 2017 06:23 PM PDT

Why does a solid-state device (eg. smartphone) still take time to boot? Without mechanical drives, what processes still take time to start?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 05:02 AM PDT

Are there any instances in nature of parasites leeching off of other parasites, essentially creating a chain of parasitism? If so, where?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 12:59 AM PDT

How much does ocean water temperature change at the shoreline?

Posted: 25 Jul 2017 08:13 PM PDT

Can the water temperature at the shoreline/surf of the ocean change drastically from day to day? If so what causes these changes? Assuming that air temperature is similar both days.

submitted by /u/hitbytruck
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Do movement of electrons in an atom consume energy?

Posted: 25 Jul 2017 04:13 PM PDT

So, although an electron's location can only be expressed in probability, can we still say that it still moves from one place to another? I understand that not by following an orbit or something, but still it "moves" or "changes place" right?

If so, would it be right to say that an electron (this moving particle) does not consume energy to move?

Please clear my confusions :)

Thank you in advance!

submitted by /u/ultimaonlinerules
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 08:07 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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Why are the days of Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus so fast compared to the days of Mercury and Venus?

Posted: 25 Jul 2017 06:32 PM PDT

There is absolutely no apparent pattern, no symmetry in those numbers, and there is no logic as to why, at least in my limited capabilities of course. It seems the bigger the planet, the faster it rotates, the smaller the planet the longer it rotates, except for Earth and Mars? Obviously I'm not an astronomer nor a mathematician.

Planet Time
Mercury 58d 15h 30m
Venus 116d 18h 0m
Earth 23 hours 56 minutes and 4.1 seconds
Jupiter 0d 9h 56m
text 0d 10h 42m
text 0d 17h 14m
submitted by /u/mookiebomber
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How, exactly, do we fall asleep?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 07:07 AM PDT

What is the process going on in our brain? How do we get to that "off" switch?

submitted by /u/SluttyButNotSlutty
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Could you, theoretically, uncook something?

Posted: 25 Jul 2017 06:02 PM PDT

would we find more fossils near the edges of the tectonic plates?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 06:23 AM PDT

and would entire records be lost in theory with enough movement/formation of the plates?

submitted by /u/budgie88
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How is it that we can "hear" distance, as in, I know that a sound is coming from far away?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 05:30 AM PDT

I thought of this while viewing a helicopter about a quarter mile away. Is it because I know how a helicopter sounds up close? Or do certain frequencies get cut out at larger distances, making a unique sound?

submitted by /u/ethanolin
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Why are double and zero quantum transitions not allowed in quantum mechanics?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 05:19 AM PDT

I don't really know a lot about quantum mechanics but I found this as a side note in some lecture slides on NMR spectroscopy and got curious, since there was no explanation.

submitted by /u/Tysanning
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The Uncertainty Principle is About a Fundamental Inability to Know Position and Momentum, Not an Instrumental/Technology Limitation. But aren't those indistinguishable empirically?

Posted: 25 Jul 2017 03:58 PM PDT

Basically what the title said. I understand it's a common misconception that the Uncertainty Principle is about instrumentation rather than a fundamental aspect of the universe, but isn't it empirically impossible to verify that?

Meaning that a universe that has an Uncertainty Principle would be indistinguishable from a universe that has no UP, but instrumentation/measurement interference keeps you from measuring both to an arbitrary level of accuracy.

Any experiment would give identical results for both possibilities, right? How is this resolved?

Thank you in advance!

submitted by /u/FormerDemOperative
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I have a series of one layer TIFF files at hand. The same file will be dramatically larger (800 Mb vs. 300 Mb) if the layer is left as a layer, rather than the file flattened. What is happening?

Posted: 25 Jul 2017 07:49 PM PDT

What is the farthest that the human eye can possibly see?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 03:14 AM PDT

Is there any significant amount of rock/debris between solar systems?

Posted: 25 Jul 2017 01:22 PM PDT

In Passengers they're on an interstellar journey and would presumably chart a course avoiding stars/planets as well as they could. I'd think that'd be easy since space is so damn big. But this major plot point is them running into an asteroid field in the middle of nowhere and damaging the ship's computer. Is there really any chance of anything besides dust floating around in the space between stars? Or is that entirely fictional

submitted by /u/cable5navaldive
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How strange is it that the Higgs field has non-zero resting potential?

Posted: 26 Jul 2017 01:03 AM PDT

I'm asking about the state of modern understanding of the Higgs field. Are there solid, convincing, well-accepted explanations for why and how the Higgs has non-zero resting mass? Or is it more like a hint at some (or several) possible underlying mechanisms that aren't well-accepted? Or is it a total mystery and an active area of research?

submitted by /u/sgt_zarathustra
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