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Monday, June 27, 2016

I'm making jelly and the instructions say: "Do not add pineapple, kiwifruit or paw paw as jelly will not set." Why is that?

I'm making jelly and the instructions say: "Do not add pineapple, kiwifruit or paw paw as jelly will not set." Why is that?


I'm making jelly and the instructions say: "Do not add pineapple, kiwifruit or paw paw as jelly will not set." Why is that?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 06:06 PM PDT

What effects does a pear-shaped nucleus actually have on an atom? And what causes it?

Posted: 27 Jun 2016 06:00 AM PDT

I just saw this post in /r/science which talks about a pear-shaped nucleus. There was an article linked, but it was a bit above my understanding.

So given that I was always told that an atom's nucleus is spherical, what do different shapes mean?

submitted by /u/Tridian
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When children need an organ donor, must the donor be of a similar size to them or can an adult donate? Will the organ continue to grow as the child grows?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 12:23 PM PDT

How much more mass would Jupiter require to begin the fusion process? And how much volume would it gain if it were to start?

Posted: 27 Jun 2016 06:48 AM PDT

What is the difference between sand in Mars and Sand on Earth?

Posted: 27 Jun 2016 05:04 AM PDT

I've been looking at pictures of Mars and the sandy surface looks eerily similar to deserts on Earth. If we compare granule to granule, how different would the Mars sand be to Earth sand in terms of composition?

submitted by /u/vjmech
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Where do photons come from?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 04:17 PM PDT

For example, if you were in a dark room and you lit a match, where do the photons come from? Were they dormant in the room, or stored somehow in the chemicals of the match?

submitted by /u/nojbro
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Is the fact that we only see one side of the moon an incredible coincidence or is there some sort of phenomenon going on?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 06:09 PM PDT

If I was standing on mars for a lunar month (or any planet really) would I always see one side as well?

submitted by /u/FantasticEggplant
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How does a magnetic field form and how does Earth's magnetic field compare to other known planets with one?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 06:47 PM PDT

Have any bacteria developed alcohol resistance in the same way as antibiotic resistance?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 12:31 PM PDT

Is there any correlation between prefered school subject and political beliefs?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 06:35 PM PDT

Something that has been on the mind for awhile, but I can't seem to find any studies nor information on the subject. I have a feeling there is possibly some correlation, but I can't be too sure. Anyone have any information on this subject?

Also, this might not be science related per say, so redirect me to where I should post if not!

Thanks!

submitted by /u/Storm_Shaker
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Is there any way to measure/define smell that isn't purely allegory?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 07:06 PM PDT

We measure the stimulus of all other senses: light, sound, pressure, temperature, taste, etc. Is there any form of measurement for smells?

submitted by /u/sa3r3t
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Do elementary particles have shape?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 04:49 PM PDT

What's the science behind pickling?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 11:14 PM PDT

I just want to know why soaking a cucumber (or whatever you pickle) in vinegar and seasonings prevents it from going bad over a much longer scale.

submitted by /u/OgEScissors
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Why does gravity assist work?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 07:55 AM PDT

I understand what gravity assist is but I do not understand why the object using the gravity assist gains so much energy after passing into and out of somethings SOI. Wouldn't the object in question lose just as much energy as it gained falling towards the body as it would traveling out of it's SOI? Educate me please.

submitted by /u/KetsuoRotsuda
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Could a gun be used to propel a spacecraft while it's in space?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 06:18 PM PDT

I remember reading that it's possible to shoot a gun in space (they tested shooting a gun in a vacuum on MythBusters as well), and that by doing so you would be propelled back by it. I also remember a thread saying that it's possible to propel yourself in space by throwing a rock.

What if a gun, or a ballistics device was mounted to propel a space shuttle? Could it propel it at a fast speed? Would the size of a spacecraft play a part in how fast it could go?

submitted by /u/AgentJin
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Would Adding Spin to a Rocket Improve Stability?

Posted: 27 Jun 2016 03:19 AM PDT

When throwing a football, adding a spin to it seems to improve stability. Would the same be true for for something like a rocket which is much faster and heavier?

submitted by /u/THatoneguy720
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How does LIGO differentiate what kind of movements are caused by things they're trying to study, like gravitational waves, and normal seismic activity?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 07:12 PM PDT

I just watched this video and it does a great job explaining how LIGO works, but it begs the question, how do you cancel out the noise from normal Earthly things? A machine that sensitive would be able to measure even the smallest earthquakes anywhere on earth wouldn't it?

submitted by /u/imatmydesk
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Can hybrids reproduce?

Posted: 27 Jun 2016 02:37 AM PDT

I've always been taught that hybrids, such as the mule, are infertile and therefore cannot reproduce. However, I've read that Lemons are a hybrid between a citron and a sour orange (which is itself a hybrid of a pomelo and a mandarin). I also believe there are hybrids between Cannibis species. Is this a strictly plant thing or can some animal hybrids reproduce?

submitted by /u/_smorgas_
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If the Earth rotates on an axis, and the Earth also rotates the sun, why is the North Star always visible?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 01:54 PM PDT

Question was brought up at work, can anyone explain?

submitted by /u/MercuryCalled
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Why do two like charges moving in the same direction have magnetic forces that are directed towards the other?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 05:15 PM PDT

My question is similar to asking 'Why do two wires with current flowing in the same direction attract each other, and two wires with current flowing in opposite direction repel?' However, I can somewhat comprehend the reason for this. What I don't understand is how, for example, two positive charges traveling parallel to each other will have a magnetic force that tries to pull them together.

submitted by /u/Somnies
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If rust is just oxidized metal then why can rusty metal transmit tetanus (a bacteria)?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 10:42 AM PDT

I've never heard of someone getting tetanus from clean metal so what about rusted metal is different?

submitted by /u/scrubs2009
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Do rays of light have any effect on each other, when they intersect?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 11:13 PM PDT

Sunday, June 26, 2016

A few questions regarding the asteroid orbiting Earth NASA just announced..?

A few questions regarding the asteroid orbiting Earth NASA just announced..?


A few questions regarding the asteroid orbiting Earth NASA just announced..?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 07:09 PM PDT

NASA announced last week they had discovered a "quasi-satellite" that has been orbiting Earth for an unspecified amount of time.

So, I have lots of questions regarding this, many probably unanswerable.

Could it collide with the moon? How could this affect things like our tides?

How long has it been there? Could this arise in a matter of decades, or has it probably been there for centuries, millennia, or longer?

Could we land our own satellites on it and take advantage of its apparently rather stable orbit? Would it be affecting our tides or weather at all?

Could we see it with the naked eye, or with any at-home tech, any time soon?

I presume it's unlikely to hit Earth anytime soon, looking at the article. How unlikely?

Could it be mined for minerals?

If anyone educated or experienced in anything related to this has any information, or even any guesswork, related to these questions, or even any more interesting info, I'd love to hear it :) I'm not used to being unable to google something and read pages of information on it, haha!

Feel free to answer just one question, or even provide more info completely unrelated to my questions.

Edit: RIP inbox. My mother always said I ask too many questions for my own good.

submitted by /u/Omfinite
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If my body is already completely hydrated and I drink 16 oz of water, will I eventually pee out 16 oz of straight water (if my bladder is completely empty)?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 08:42 PM PDT

Is there a limit to the amount of diseases we can be immune to? Can our collection of memory T-cells run out of memory?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 03:16 AM PDT

Say one was given a viable vaccine regimen to all of the current diseases in the world, and no new strains/diseases arose. Would one be able to remain immune to all disease in the world?

From my understanding, the majority of the memory T-cells in our body are naive, not yet exposed to pathogen. However, would the amount of memory T-cells in our body be able to efficiently maintain a database of all known diseases and maintain immunity?

submitted by /u/larsonmarson
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Why do clouds form when you mix liquids of different densities?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 05:18 AM PDT

Hi, I have a quick question: why when you mix liquids of different densities (acid and water, sirup and water) you see "clouds" where the two liquids are mixing?

submitted by /u/CzechAstronomer
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Are certain languages more adequately equipped to facilitate effective and efficient communication in the Information Age?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 04:39 AM PDT

I'm wondering if there are facets of languages such as roots, abbreviations, and word length that have allowed the Information Age to progress faster into the culture of the native speakers? If so, which languages and why?

submitted by /u/leanord12
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How much bigger is the Great Pyramid of Giza in the hottest temperatures compared to the coldest?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 04:39 AM PDT

Why do chip manufacturers not design hexagonal chips for more yield from round silicone wafers?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 04:36 AM PDT

Under optimum conditions what actually limits plants growth rate?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 04:30 AM PDT

If a plant is getting the perfect amounts of everything it requires, what limits the growth rate? is there any way we could develop super-fast growing vegetables?

submitted by /u/zomzilla
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So, scientifically speaking, why is it that one's knees go weak upon an amorous interaction with someone?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 01:12 AM PDT

In terms of weakness in general, why do humans feel it at times? Is it to appreciate strength more? I'm not meaning to get all philosophical here.

submitted by /u/VirgoGeminiCancer
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Would the asteroid belt eventually form a new planet?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 02:43 AM PDT

Why did Obesity only start to increase after 1990?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 02:40 AM PDT

What happened after 1990 that caused obesity to increase? The break up of the USSR?

submitted by /u/shewontbesurprised
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Can we synthesise snake or other animals' venom?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 05:53 AM PDT

How does the maths for fission/fusion and binding energies work out?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 05:17 AM PDT

I've never quite been able to work out how the binding energies for fission and fusion make sense. I know the graph for binding energy per nucleon, and I understand it has something to do with that, but I can't help but find that the mass defect equations don't make sense.

As an example for what I'm trying to understand, I'll use the classic deuterium-tritium fusion equation:

H2 + H3 -> He4 + n + 17.6MeV

Total number of neutrons remains constant, so there's no mass difference there, and total number of protons is the same, so same total mass either way.

But for binding energy:

2.224573MeV + 8.481821MeV -> 28.295674MeV 

So as a result, the total mass-energy in the equation increases by 17.58928MeV. Since the total energy has to remain constant, doesn't this mean that the system absorbed that 17.6MeV?

I'm certain that this line of thinking is wrong somewhere. I used this website for the numbers, and I'm not concerned about the actual numbers. I just don't understand how the system both apparently increases in mass-energy and releases mass-energy. Shouldn't the original equation be:

H2 + H3 + 17.6MeV -> He4 + n

Once again, I know this is wrong. I'm just not sure how.

submitted by /u/never_pessimistic
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What is the margin of error of the Brexit referendum?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 05:15 AM PDT

Assuming that a vote or election is just a survey of a really biased sample of the population, how sure can lawmakers be that the decision reflects the opinion of all eligible voters?

submitted by /u/blinkenpilz
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Why can't we use space to see our history?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 05:12 AM PDT

I know a bit about science however it's not much. I was wondering what would stop us using the reflection of light off objects in space from seeing the out past

For example if want to see 2000 and by chance there was an asteroid reflecting light 8 light years away what would stop you using the reflection to see it.

I don't know if this is a stupid question but would love to know why I'm stupid I do.

submitted by /u/Send_ass_pics247000
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How (un)likely is it that an unpredictable catastrophic astronomical event will hit earth?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 08:44 AM PDT

The earth has been around for a seemingly very long time, without (for example) being hit by an asteroid so large that we're just obliterated. How likely is it that an event like this could occur without us having any chance to even be aware of it?

submitted by /u/mangotiger
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Insects don't have eyelids. How do the diurnal ones not get blinded by the sun?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 09:46 AM PDT

What are efficient chemical substances that are effective against flees and how do they work?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 04:30 AM PDT

To be specific: cat flees

There is a lot of misinformation around the Internet. Maybe someone with a scientific background could shed some light on this topic?

Is not the most scientific question, but I don't think I'll get an honest answer anywhere else.

Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/Justify_87
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How do tiny ants produce their distress calls?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 12:38 AM PDT

I used to catch bees a lot as a child. I'd sometimes get one pinned against whatever I was catching it with, say the lid of a Cool Whip container, and it would make a distressed sounding buzz. I assumed back then that it was the sound of the bee trying to fly its way out of its predicament.

Fast forward to a couple years ago when I had a column of little brown ants going through my basement. I stretched out on the floor to watch them at work, and at one point pulled up a bit of linoleum they were going through to watch what they were doing there. When I released it, it curled back down and pinned an ant under it. It immediately started making a sound very similar to that of a trapped bee, albeit considerably higher in pitch and lower in volume.

Are these distress calls? How are they made? I assumed that the bees were vibrating their wing muscles to make the noise, but worker ants never have wings.

submitted by /u/FeculentUtopia
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Why are the yarns in a rope twisted? Does it increase tensile strength?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 04:23 AM PDT

Why NPSH takes stagnation pressure into account and not just static pressure?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 03:47 AM PDT

Why NPSH takes stagnation pressure into account and not just static pressure?

According to the formula: NPSH = (Static pressure + Dynamic pressure)@inlet - Vapor pressure

So, if static pressure if way below vapor pressure but fluid is moving really fast, there might not be a high risk of cavitation. So it means that even though fluid is way below vapor pressure he's obviously not boiling?

Why formula for NPSH isn't NPSH = (Static pressure)@inlet - Vapor pressure?

submitted by /u/The-Absentee
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Can I estimate the sound level in -dB from the distance between ripples in a glass of water at the position of the listener?

Posted: 26 Jun 2016 03:46 AM PDT

If so, what would be lowest limit one could physically measure?

I'm aware there are better ways of measuring the sound level, I'm just curious if it could be done with rudimentary tools and some rational thinking.

submitted by /u/Elehphoo
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How is it when we hold our breath, we sink in water, yet a dead body floats?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 07:00 PM PDT

Saturday, June 25, 2016

Is there any biological reason why some people sing better than others?

Is there any biological reason why some people sing better than others?


Is there any biological reason why some people sing better than others?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 10:00 PM PDT

Mouse Utopia: Were the results ever replicated in other experiements?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 06:22 PM PDT

I recently learned about John Calhoun's mouse Utopia, and despite the numerous trials he did with the rats; was the experiment results ever obtained in other similar experiments? If so, was the experiment with rats or other animals? If not- would it be unethical by today's standards to replicate the experiment in a different setting?

submitted by /u/Swordsx
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If I'm in an elliptical orbit around a black hole with my periapses on or inside of the photon sphere, what would happen?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 09:26 PM PDT

In order for me to continue past the periapses "as normal", I would have to be going faster than the speed of light, which is not possible. Would my spacecraft slowly approach the speed of light and gradually accelerate slower, or hit the "speed limit" and stop accelerating abruptly? Assume that there is no debris/acceleration disk orbiting the black hole and that I will not be instantly spaghettified close to the black hole.

submitted by /u/tuckjohn37
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Why are most heatwaves broken by a storm?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 07:54 AM PDT

I am curious about how the events that would most likely lead to a storm forming after a heatwave.

submitted by /u/Thimblethumb
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What is the furthest traveling organism in proportion to their size?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 07:47 AM PDT

How far do they go in respect to humans and does anything come close to lunar or even mars travel? If so what are their adaptations?

submitted by /u/Bhoffman330
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Why do musical instruments get sharp (higher pitched) as they warm up?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 07:44 AM PDT

This one is from my mum who teaches flute and conducts a wind band.

As you play, the instrument warms up, and the pitch it plays the same note goes up; this is exacerbated further in warm weather. In order to compensate, you lengthen the tube to make the note lower again.

What confuses us, is that surely the expansion of the metal as the instrument warms up causes the tube to become longer; so why does the pitch go up?

submitted by /u/Naf623
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Why do we use aluminum/aluminium to massively manufacture liquid containers?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 07:34 AM PDT

I just think this statement sounds funny: "We extract metal from the earth and process it just so we can have it temporarily hold a liquid before being discarded or recycled". To me it sounds funny when you consider there is a period of time where we just used ceramic/clay containers to hold our liquid which are really easy to produce on the small scale because it doesn't require a whole lot of technology.

Anyways do we use aluminum because it's cheaper and easier to massively produce or is it something else?

submitted by /u/PM_ME_UR_BoobsOrButt
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Are all body parts proportional to each other in any way?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 06:56 AM PDT

I mean this as, for example, if you were to measure the height of two different people, and then proceeded to compare it to their respective arm length, would the proportion be somewhat the same despite different numbers?

submitted by /u/TheDartron123
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Why does the solubility of helium act differently in the 20º-30ºC range?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 06:44 AM PDT

As seen in this picture (http://docs.engineeringtoolbox.com/documents/1148/solubility-he-water.png) why does the solubility of helium actually go back up and then drop again within that range?

submitted by /u/JollyGarcia
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As acceleration increases, so does required energy. In an electric car with regenerative breaking, does quicker deceleration produce more energy than gradual?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 05:25 PM PDT

If I'm standing on earth and use a stand mounted laser to point to one planet, then push a button for it to immediately pan to another planet, what happens to the actual beam?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 05:33 PM PDT

I'm talking about speed of light. Let's say I point to an area that takes 1 minute for light to travel to it. I see the beam on the planet then pan the beam to another spot that is also 1 light minute away, but the distance between those two objects are 3 light minutes apart...would the beam travel faster than light to make the trip? I'm not sure how to word this into google.

submitted by /u/destin325
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How do birds innately know how to build nests?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 03:12 PM PDT

From my understanding of genetics and inheritance, DNA produces proteins which have different "tasks" in bodily functions. My question is how can a bird know how too build a nest through proteins, or is there another part of the picture I am not aware of.

It just seems impossible to me for a bird to be born with the knowledge of which sticks should be used, where mud should be applied to reinforce the nest, and what a proper location for a nest is. I have a minimal understanding of how neurons work and how a bird would be able to learn how to build a nest.

submitted by /u/potapeno
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What is the sand on Mars made of? Sand on Earth is made of dead sea life...so on Mars.. what is it made of?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 05:48 AM PDT

How do stimulants like caffeine give us energy?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 05:42 AM PDT

Why does expanding gasses become cold?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 08:31 PM PDT

I know that in an adiabatic free expansion gasses expelled into a vacuum lose heat, the question is why does it do this? Is it a function of entropy or some other mechanic?

submitted by /u/roh8880
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What goes on down in a volcano on an ordinary day??

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 03:50 AM PDT

How does our brain know what pitch a note is gonna be before we sing/whistle it?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 05:37 PM PDT

Why does water help to speed up your metabolism? Also why are some peoples metabolisms "faster" than others?

Posted: 25 Jun 2016 02:26 AM PDT

If all matter has a gravitational pull, why isn't universal expansion slowing down or reversing?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 12:44 PM PDT

I understand our best bet is the Big Bang Theory which would explain the initial acceleration and rapid expansion.

I also understand that all matter is affected by gravity. Logically speaking, the matter in the universe should slow down and stop. Eventually the matter would meet back at a center point, get extremely dense, and reactivate the Big Bang.

So what am I missing? What is the best or most logical explanation as to why this IS NOT happening?

submitted by /u/SixFootCarryTheOne
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Is there a more complete scientific explanation for electrostatic liquid deflection, or are there researches going on this subject?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 03:02 PM PDT

So, my question is about the matter on those two videos: This one from Veritasium and this response to the first one.

It seems that there's more about the electrostatic deflection of water than those videos can explain, and I can't find a more complete explanation.

That's what i want to know: Are there more complete experiments (and explanations) including pure polar and non-polar fluids, and then using ion-rich polar and non-polar fluids? And, if there's any, papers with complete data sets from experiments like those?

Thanks.

submitted by /u/guferr
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What is the maximum height or level our oceans could rise in relative to our atmosphere?

Posted: 24 Jun 2016 03:50 PM PDT

What I'm basically asking is if by some force of nature all of our oceans started to rise and not stop, at what point would they stop before they hit our atmosphere?

EDIT: Which layer could it rise to physically? (stratosphere,mesosphere,thermosphere,exosphere)

submitted by /u/theLEVIATHAN06
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