Do comatose people “sleep”?

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• Do comatose people “sleep”?
• Is there a big elemental difference between Moon rocks and Earth rocks?
• What is the difference between mucosal antibodies that "nasal vaccines" create and the ones found in blood that intramuscular vaccines create?
• Why are iron supplements considered hard on the stomach?
• Regarding the incompressible flow assumption when applying the Navier-Stokes equations in CFD?
• Why do aggregation-prone proteins need to be kept at -80C instead of -20C?
• Why don’t we ever hear about the amplitude of ionizing EM waves?
• How rare is central heterochromia (having multiple colours within the eye)?
• Is there any proven correlation between face structure and personality traits?
• Can there be a scientifically determined goal for atmospheric C ppm in Earth? Can it be determined by the fractional percentage of different spheres (hydro-, litho-..) that is composed of C?-NOT the percent of C, but the percent of each spheres’ composition that is C?
• Is perception of time, a result of qualia of a sense?
• Can autoantibodies go away?

Do comatose people “sleep”? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 09:19 PM PST Sounds weird I know. I hear about all these people waking up and saying they were aware the whole time. But is it the WHOLE time? like for example if I played a 24 hour podcast for a comatose person would they be aware the whole time? Or would they miss 8 or so hours of it because they were "sleeping"? submitted by /u/kinkylesbi [link] [comments]

Is there a big elemental difference between Moon rocks and Earth rocks? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 04:58 PM PST submitted by /u/ThatGamingGuy99 [link] [comments]

What is the difference between mucosal antibodies that "nasal vaccines" create and the ones found in blood that intramuscular vaccines create? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 11:25 AM PST I just read this New York Times article and, while I am very happy these new vaccines are in development, I had absolutely no idea there were different antibodies for different parts of your body / getting vaccinated in a different place could create different antibodies. What the hell? submitted by /u/__ByzantineFailure__ [link] [comments]

Why are iron supplements considered hard on the stomach? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 01:56 PM PST submitted by /u/sonicVroom [link] [comments]

Regarding the incompressible flow assumption when applying the Navier-Stokes equations in CFD? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 11:17 AM PST Hello fellow curious minds! I've recently started studying the Navier-Stokes equations, aerodynamics and its application in CFD. From what I have understood, the Navier-Stokes equations are based on three fluid assumptions: - Newtonian (which I've understood the implications of) - Incompressible - Isothermal I am wondering how the incompressible assumption is regarded for when e.g. simulating an aircraft at some flight state, as air is compressible(not incompressible) in "reality". From what I've learnt, CFD (Ansys Fluent) is used in many aircraft applications for understanding the aircraft characteristics, is the impact of the incompressible fluid assumption small when it comes to the gathered results from the simulation(s), or how do engineers tackle this? I am also curious about the Isothermal assumption, as I have seen that there is an option for enabling heat transfer in Ansys Fluent. But the Isothermal assumption implies that there is no heat add/loss to the fluid as it flows, how is this incorporated/calculated within the CFD software? submitted by /u/Ok-Flounder2509 [link] [comments]

Why do aggregation-prone proteins need to be kept at -80C instead of -20C? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 08:50 PM PST Many protocols call for long-term protein storage at -80C. If a protein is immobilized in ice at -20C, why does the net 60C matter? submitted by /u/C-Dub4 [link] [comments]

Why don’t we ever hear about the amplitude of ionizing EM waves? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 03:46 PM PST I know that non-ionizing EM waves have a measurable amplitude. So why is the amplitude of ionizing EM radiation never defined? submitted by /u/BreakdancingMammal [link] [comments]

How rare is central heterochromia (having multiple colours within the eye)? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 02:12 PM PST I have this as do a few of my close family, I thought it was just a fairly common thing but it seems to be somewhat uncommon and a unique eye condition. My eyes are blue/grey with gold around the pupil. How rare is this condition? Like in terms of % of population? submitted by /u/bigbigcheese2 [link] [comments]

Is there any proven correlation between face structure and personality traits? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 03:55 PM PST I'm curious because in personal experience there's almost always a way to tell some personality traits (ex. funny, serious, egotistical, shy, etc.) from somebody just by looking at their faces, even if said person isn't doing a gesture (neutral). Sure, everyone has nuances, but I would like to know if there has been any study on the probability of this happening. submitted by /u/unembrujadomas [link] [comments]

Can there be a scientifically determined goal for atmospheric C ppm in Earth? Can it be determined by the fractional percentage of different spheres (hydro-, litho-..) that is composed of C?-NOT the percent of C, but the percent of each spheres’ composition that is C? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 03:24 PM PST The fraction of a percent of the atmosphere that is composed of carbon is now greater (according to google) than the fraction of a percent of the lithosphere that is carbon (both less that one percent of each sphere). Does this mean anything exciting? Could it? I don't know what it is in the hydrosphere or pedosphere. The biosphere, as life is chock full of carbon, has a high percentage of itself that is composed of carbon. Recent Visual Capitalist diagrams of the biomass of life on earth and human stuff surpassing that in mass is getting passed around. Is there some kind a Gaia like hypothesis that the percentage of each spheres composition of carbon should have some kind of equivalence? As we are carbon based life forms and these spheres just different phase states? Could the critical zone just act like a membrane between various states of carbon? Further for something like peak life to occur again (I take that to mean high biodiversity and high biomass) can we ascribe an approximate and appropriate carbon ppm in the atmosphere for such a thing? Can that be determined scientifically by the hypothetical prescriptive equivalence? Or do we just rely on what ppm life evolved from and in. Which is confusing. I know the atmosphere is very small and the lithosphere is very large. I know science isn't prescriptive. Medicine is though. Atmospheric health has been mentioned in papers. I just want a theory and an answer and a diagram of a bar chart of percent over time and flux. That's all. 🙃 I just want someone to tell me that for every plant and animal and microbe to be happy and living their best life the ppm should scientifically be closer to X. Of course we would have to reverse climate change. 350 is just a geopolitical goal, and some say it is a lost one. First time posting so I hope I get a response. Also, I'm new so please be kind. submitted by /u/Anula3 [link] [comments]

Is perception of time, a result of qualia of a sense? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 12:45 PM PST Okay, hear me out. This might sound crazy. Qualia, is the result of data you brain gets from a sensory organ. Like felling , seeing, smelling, tasting and hearing an orange. Quaila is an experience sensory organs give data off, that the brain can understand. It's not math, in the sense of science would put it. So. Why can't perception of time be a sense? Our consciousness, is bound to perception of time. However, is it possible not experience time at all? Well in scenarios like sleeping, comatose, dementia you don't experience time. So our "timesense" is offline. Would that mean, we could hypothetically could alter a part of the brain, that would change perception of time for an individual. Just like splashing water on a person would make them feel wet? Why isn't time perception a result of a sense? submitted by /u/Jeaver [link] [comments]

Can autoantibodies go away? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 01:23 PM PST Antibodies wane over time. Do autoantibodies always stay at the same level or can they go away? submitted by /u/novamateria [link] [comments]

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How do spiders produce silk?

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• How do spiders produce silk?
• What exactly are tensors?
• Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science
• How can effect of electromagnetic radiation on human sperm be explained physically?
• Since the amygdala is responsible for controlling the brain's libido, would damaging the amygdala in some way possibly permanently decrease libido? Could this be an effective treatment for depression?
• What failure modes on the Webb Telescope are the “electric heater strips” meant to avoid as it cools?
• How to extract carbon by recycling things?
• Could eradicated diseases return through means other than bioterrorism?
• Does binding energy continue to increase at smaller and smaller scales?

How do spiders produce silk? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 01:48 AM PST Obviously they don't have a spool in their large rump, but is it like… just goop inside of them until they start pulling on it like a clown with an endless series of handkerchiefs? submitted by /u/raccoon_patronus [link] [comments]

What exactly are tensors? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 07:57 AM PST I recently started working with TensorFlow and I read that it turn's data into tensors.I looked it up a bit but I'm not really getting it, Would love an explanation. submitted by /u/HeyArio [link] [comments]

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Posted: 02 Feb 2022 07:00 AM PST Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]

How can effect of electromagnetic radiation on human sperm be explained physically? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 08:20 AM PST I have been researching the question of whether electromagnetic radiation emitted from things like cell towers or wifi access points can be harmful to the human body. I have found many sources1 that state that there is no health risk. The frequencies these devices use are simply too low to pose a risk. That makes sense to me, and I have no reason to doubt that conclusion. But then I found several sources2 that referenced a Japanese study that apparently found that WiFi radiation can actually negatively affect human sperm. My question is, can the results of the study be explained using physics? What is damaging the sperm physically speaking? What am I missing? I also want to make it clear that I am not a skeptic of science in any form. I am simply interested in this subject and would like to learn something. Footnotes: 1 Sources claiming WiFi and cell tower radiation is harmless: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4pxw4tYeCU https://www.theguardian.com/technology/askjack/2012/sep/27/wi-fi-health-risks https://www.howtogeek.com/234817/dont-worry-wi-fi-isnt-dangerous/ https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/cell-phones/do-cell-phones-pose-health-hazard 2 The study claiming electromagnetic radiation is affecting sperm: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4503846/ submitted by /u/aarmac [link] [comments]

Since the amygdala is responsible for controlling the brain's libido, would damaging the amygdala in some way possibly permanently decrease libido? Could this be an effective treatment for depression? Posted: 02 Feb 2022 07:01 AM PST submitted by /u/When_Autism_Strikes [link] [comments]

What failure modes on the Webb Telescope are the “electric heater strips” meant to avoid as it cools? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 09:03 PM PST NASA's webb.nasa.gov site mentions that as the telescope cools, "[it] will be carefully controlled with strategically-placed electric heater strips." I can imagine various warpings of the frame othat might happen if the scope cools unevenly, but I'm sure that's too crude or just wrong. What are the specific failures folks are trying to avoid? submitted by /u/yanowitz [link] [comments]

How to extract carbon by recycling things? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 10:05 PM PST I am working on a game based in the far future when all the coal and oil reserves are used up and was trying to figure out how it would be possible to get carbon as a resource for the crafting system. I know theres talks of scrubbing carbon from the atmosphere which I may add as a slow way to get carbon. Is there any other ways of recycling things to produce carbon? Or at least a believable enough way for a video game? submitted by /u/PeculiarLlama_ [link] [comments]

Could eradicated diseases return through means other than bioterrorism? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 07:04 PM PST Diseases such as smallpox and rinderpest have been declared globally eradicated. It is stated they could return through bioterrorism. Could they return through another means? submitted by /u/eriestone [link] [comments]

Does binding energy continue to increase at smaller and smaller scales? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 03:56 PM PST As far as I know, When a large molecule like ATP releases the energy of its mechanism through hydrolysis, it can liberate almost 0.5 eV of energy. In biological terms I have been told that this is a pretty significant amount of energy for most operations at that scale. However, The chemical energy released from burning gasoline is significantly greater than the movements of the larger ATP structure-- where the combustion of a single Octane chain (C8H12) into CO2 and H2O releases almost 94 eV of energy. Compared to that, the fission of a single uranium atom releases 200,000,000 eV of energy, which is obviously a totally different realm of consideration with very different mechanisms at work. As far as I understand, this is to do with the relative difference in strength between the strong nuclear force and the electromagnetic force that governs chemical bonding, but does this trend continue further down to the quantum level? If one were able to break down or fuse individual sub-atomic particles, would the energy involved in the interactions of quarks and other small things make uranium look like gasoline by comparison? submitted by /u/HighV0LTAGEzZ [link] [comments]

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COVID/Flu transmission: Is "don't touch your face" just code for "don't touch mucous membranes" or is there more to it?

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• COVID/Flu transmission: Is "don't touch your face" just code for "don't touch mucous membranes" or is there more to it?
• Is it possible to "lip read" in every language? Are some languages easier to lip read than others? Is there a language that is impossible (or just really hard) to read lips?
• Do our handwritings have "accents" similar to regional/national accents?
• Are there actual wild horses in the Americas or are they all feral domesticated horses?
• Why don't single prop aircraft continuously roll?
• Why are submarines and torpedoes blunt instead of being pointy?
• Will patients in a clinical mRNA HIV vaccine trial show up as HIV positive in testing?
• To what extent do most cultures recognize the same specific emotions?
• Why is cancer so much more prevalent in men?
• Pfizer has said the immune response in kids aged 2-5 is "less robust" than with younger kids. Can someone who has seen and understands the data explain what it shows, and what that means from a practical standpoint?
• In Interstellar would the ship appear to be heading towards Miller's Planet for years or does time only begin to slow down once they have begun their descent into the planet's atmosphere?
• Why is diabetes so prevalent in the Indian subcontinent since the last 50 years or so?
• Is hyperbaric oxygen possible on a planetary level?
• Would it be possible to link a telescope on Earth with one on Mars to see farther and more clearly the same way that telescopes in different locations on Earth can be linked?
• Does this indicate positive (effective) covid vaccine results in under 24 month olds?
• What *exactly* do we mean when we say that a nucleus is 'stable'?
• Can coronavirus survive on banknotes and infect people who use them ?
• Do planet's rings (like Saturn, Jupiter, Neptune and Uranus) look like striking stripes due to long exposure photography? Or would the rings look exactly like that in real time?
• Why do rectal veins bypass the liver?
• When will we get the first pictures from the James Webb telescope?
• Do whales or other ocean dwelling mammals get colds or flus?
• Why doesn’t electric resonance imaging/ nuclear electric resonance exist/work?
• How are vaccines tested for children?
• Assuming all the eyelets are used with the traditional method as well, how does heel lock lacing (runner's loop) actually create the extra stability it has over traditional lacing method?
• Why do different viruses trigger different immune responses ?

COVID/Flu transmission: Is "don't touch your face" just code for "don't touch mucous membranes" or is there more to it? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 02:40 AM PST Much of the public health messaging I see around COVID, Flu, and other common sicknesses emphasizes not touching your face with dirty hands. When I hear that, I hear "don't touch your eyes, the inside of your nose, or your mouth"/your mucous membranes. Is this right or is your cheek genuinely a dangerous place to touch and if so, why? Is there some way that things move from your cheek to your eye easily? Is your cheek significantly riskier than touching say, your shoulder? I understand that we now know that formite transmission is not the dominant mode of transmission for COVID (seems to be quite rare), but for other similar sicknesses, I still have this question. submitted by /u/makeasnek [link] [comments]

Is it possible to "lip read" in every language? Are some languages easier to lip read than others? Is there a language that is impossible (or just really hard) to read lips? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 07:11 AM PST submitted by /u/chokinghazzard69 [link] [comments]

Do our handwritings have "accents" similar to regional/national accents? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 10:14 PM PST submitted by /u/JM645 [link] [comments]

Are there actual wild horses in the Americas or are they all feral domesticated horses? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 06:38 AM PST Has anyone ever brought actual wild horses to the Americas? And are there wild horses still in Asia? Or have they been bred out with domesticated horses to the point that all the horses in the world are basically domesticated? submitted by /u/Flopsey [link] [comments]

Why don't single prop aircraft continuously roll? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 07:24 AM PST Helicopters have tail rotors to balance the force generated by the main rotor, without which they'd keep spinning. But why don't this phenomenon affect single prop aircrafts like ww2 fighters? Shouldn't they be continuously rolling? Another side question, since the tail rotor can be used to spin the helicopter right or left, how do helicopters without one like KA-50 do that? submitted by /u/ChikeMonke [link] [comments]

Why are submarines and torpedoes blunt instead of being pointy? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 06:30 AM PST Most aircraft have pointy nose to be reduce drag and some aren't because they need to see the ground easily. But since a submarine or torpedo doesn't need to see then why aren't they pointy? Also ww2 era subs had sharo fronts. submitted by /u/Steve1924 [link] [comments]

Will patients in a clinical mRNA HIV vaccine trial show up as HIV positive in testing? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 12:04 PM PST First patients vaccinated in clinical trial of HIV experimental vaccine that uses Moderna's mRNA technology https://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/31/health/moderna-mrna-hiv-vaccine/index.html submitted by /u/Environmental_Dream5 [link] [comments]

To what extent do most cultures recognize the same specific emotions? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 09:57 PM PST Some cultures only have words for red, white, and black, while other cultures have words for red, orange, yellow, etc.—does the same hold for emotions? Put another way: in primary schools, there are posters with cartoon faces caricaturing important emotions, but would an analogous poster on the other side of the world be likely to have the same categorization? submitted by /u/wintergreen_plaza [link] [comments]

Why is cancer so much more prevalent in men? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 09:36 AM PST "The cancer mortality rate is higher among men than women (189.5 per 100,000 men and 135.7 per 100,000 women). When comparing groups based on race/ethnicity and sex, cancer mortality is highest in African American men (227.3 per 100,000) and lowest in Asian/Pacific Islander women (85.6 per 100,000)." https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/understanding/statistics#:~:text=The%20cancer%20mortality%20rate%20is,women%20(85.6%20per%20100%2C000)). submitted by /u/ironmagnesiumzinc [link] [comments]

Pfizer has said the immune response in kids aged 2-5 is "less robust" than with younger kids. Can someone who has seen and understands the data explain what it shows, and what that means from a practical standpoint? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 08:56 AM PST I understand what a less robust immune response means, but I haven't seen an explanation or breakdown of what the actual data shows we can expect the level / type of protection to actually be. Will it have any benefit for kids in this age range, or is it simply priming the kids for the possible effectiveness of a booster when it becomes available? Do they show a reduction in illness / hospitalization / transmission? "Less robust" is not very clear! Thanks so much! submitted by /u/hoyfkd [link] [comments]

In Interstellar would the ship appear to be heading towards Miller's Planet for years or does time only begin to slow down once they have begun their descent into the planet's atmosphere? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 09:51 PM PST Since they spend 23 earth years on Miller's Planet what would it look like to Romilly who was still on The Endurance? Would he still see the ship in space heading towards the planet for years or would he not be able to see them? submitted by /u/__Faded__ [link] [comments]

Why is diabetes so prevalent in the Indian subcontinent since the last 50 years or so? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:44 AM PST submitted by /u/playadefaro [link] [comments]

Is hyperbaric oxygen possible on a planetary level? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 07:05 AM PST Pressurized oxygen on a planetary level. Is that possible? submitted by /u/megamindwriter [link] [comments]

Would it be possible to link a telescope on Earth with one on Mars to see farther and more clearly the same way that telescopes in different locations on Earth can be linked? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 09:08 PM PST submitted by /u/wolfavino [link] [comments]

Does this indicate positive (effective) covid vaccine results in under 24 month olds? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 03:17 PM PST https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-provide-update-ongoing-studies-covid-19 If you scroll down a bit to where they discuss non-inferiority. I mean 'effective' in terms laypeople mean it, in case there's a medicine specific usage that I might otherwise imply. Thank you submitted by /u/careena_who [link] [comments]

What *exactly* do we mean when we say that a nucleus is 'stable'? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 02:51 PM PST I am trying to reconcile the following statements together that I have gleaned: 1) Thanks to quantum effects, any interaction or process that is energetically favorable, must happen with nonzero probability due to the inherent uncertainty in the universe (i.e. Heisenberg) 2) Based on the binding energy of nuclei, the most energetically favorable nucleus is that of Iron-56, as it has the strongest binding energy. 3) Despite those two statements, many other nuclei are (colloquially) listed as 'stable', such as Carbon-12 or Oxygen-16, despite not being as energetically favorable as the aforementioned Iron nucleus. Would I be correct to state that stability, as is generally used, implies stability over only a subset of potential quantum interactions? If so, how do nuclear physicists define 'stability'; over what subset of quantum interactions is stability being considered? submitted by /u/RiaSkies [link] [comments]

Can coronavirus survive on banknotes and infect people who use them ? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 02:41 AM PST submitted by /u/rationalobjector [link] [comments]

Do planet's rings (like Saturn, Jupiter, Neptune and Uranus) look like striking stripes due to long exposure photography? Or would the rings look exactly like that in real time? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 12:30 AM PST Hello there scientific reddit community. :) There was something bothering me while I was diving into the beautiful images Voyager 1 took. You see, planets like Saturn have these amazing looking rings. They are always shown as these beautiful striking "solid" elliptic planes. However, the rings are comprised of rocks and ice. Therefore, I was wondering. Do the rings look like that in pictures because of long exposure? Or do the objects in the rings travel so fast that they are constantly emitting light? In other words; what would the rings look like in real time; if you would observe them directly? And why would they be observed as such? I tried my way to Google myself to the answer to this particular question; but I failed to find a clear answer. Looking forward to your insights. Thank you! submitted by /u/Doctor_Philly [link] [comments]

Why do rectal veins bypass the liver? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 01:04 AM PST Apparently that's why suppositories work, but how come the veins from the dirtiest place in the body skip the cleaning organ? submitted by /u/Western_Cockroach_20 [link] [comments]

When will we get the first pictures from the James Webb telescope? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 10:48 PM PST submitted by /u/kaida_official [link] [comments]

Do whales or other ocean dwelling mammals get colds or flus? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 01:40 PM PST submitted by /u/Universalsupporter [link] [comments]

Why doesn’t electric resonance imaging/ nuclear electric resonance exist/work? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 06:14 PM PST Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are both powerful medical and biochemical tools. From what I understand both rely on the magnetic spin properties of particles, can a similar principle work with the electric charge inherent in particles? Why/why not? submitted by /u/Duck3825 [link] [comments]

How are vaccines tested for children? Posted: 01 Feb 2022 01:56 PM PST Just reading about Pfizer applying to have its Covid vaccine eligible for children, and I'm wondering what drug trials look like for children. It seems like there are ethical implications. How are these drug trials run? How are children selected? submitted by /u/slizzbucket [link] [comments]

Assuming all the eyelets are used with the traditional method as well, how does heel lock lacing (runner's loop) actually create the extra stability it has over traditional lacing method? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 01:23 PM PST submitted by /u/d-quik [link] [comments]

Why do different viruses trigger different immune responses ? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 02:46 AM PST Hello fellow redditors, My question is: Why do some viruses trigger extreme immune responses ? It probably has something to do with the membrane proteins of the viruses and which cell receptors those membrane proteins of the virus can bind to, but why do viruses like Ebola trigger such an extreme immune response that certain messengers are released to such an extent that the vascular permeability skyrockets and internal bleedings occur ? ​ thanks for your answers in advance submitted by /u/i-am-still-standing [link] [comments]

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How long do the more passive bodily functions usually continue after a person dies?

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• How long do the more passive bodily functions usually continue after a person dies?
• How do some things get absorbed through lung gas exchange (Nicotine) but others don't? (Tar)
• How are UV bulbs made "low ozone"?
• Why is human fat yellow while beef/pork fat is white?
• Why don't we inject vaccines directly into lymph nodes?
• When laying a new undersea cable with a plow, how do they not accidentally dig up an old cable that needs to be crossed over?
• Could supermassive black holes form through star mergers?
• How does the body react to food after prolonged food deprivation. Will eating even a normal portion of food cause stomach aches or other adverse reactions?
• How does leprosy cause skin lesions?
• Do cold-blooded animals have body fat (subcutaneous fat)?

How long do the more passive bodily functions usually continue after a person dies? Posted: 30 Jan 2022 07:19 AM PST So for example the enzymes in your stomach and intestines that digest food. I'm guessing that they don't need a constant supply of blood to keep doing what they're designed for, so if you somehow forced food into a recently deceased intestine would it still be broken down and digested? And does this just continue until the body lost enough temperature for the enzymes to denature? And in a more general sense, how long is it after the heart stops that all these enzymes stop working and the body is 'completely' dead? submitted by /u/Old_Proposal9572 [link] [comments]

How do some things get absorbed through lung gas exchange (Nicotine) but others don't? (Tar) Posted: 30 Jan 2022 07:19 AM PST I'm essentially wondering how lung gas exchange works for substances other than air. Obviously anything besides air is going to be bad for the lungs but how? Does it leave a film like buildup? Is it permanent? How does vaping compare to regular air? submitted by /u/CarlTheLime [link] [comments]

How are UV bulbs made "low ozone"? Posted: 30 Jan 2022 07:43 AM PST I've purchased several fluorescent type UV bulbs that operate at 253 nm. A person may purchase two versions of the same bulb, regular and "low ozone" bulbs. If the bulbs are at the same frequency, how do the manufacturers decrease the ozone produced? Is there a standard for "low ozone"? or is it just what they feel like? submitted by /u/new-man2 [link] [comments]

Why is human fat yellow while beef/pork fat is white? Posted: 29 Jan 2022 07:20 PM PST Disclaimer: I'm colourblind, so please forgive me if animal fat is indeed yellow submitted by /u/Amraam120C [link] [comments]

Why don't we inject vaccines directly into lymph nodes? Posted: 30 Jan 2022 09:32 AM PST 3 days ago I had my 2nd booster shot of COVID-19 vaccine. Soreness in my left arm came almost immediately at the site of injection. However it was only until a day later that I started burning a fever and feeling an uncomfortable swelling in my left armpit. True enough, I gathered that spike proteins produced through the vaccine were transported to the lymph nodes located in the armpit and the swelling is a merely a sign of WBCs being mass stimulated to fight the "infection". So... Should injecting the vaccine directly into lymph nodes help to speed up the process of activating WBCs and in turn be a more efficient way to obtain immunity? submitted by /u/SnowyArctic [link] [comments]

When laying a new undersea cable with a plow, how do they not accidentally dig up an old cable that needs to be crossed over? Posted: 29 Jan 2022 09:32 PM PST Here is an informative guide to undersea cable laying (Don't judge that it is quora). They mention that they bury the cables under the sea bed around a meter using a plow very similar to one on a farm. Looking at a cool interactive map of where cables are buried, they obviously criss cross at certain points. How does the plow avoid digging up other cables? submitted by /u/stevenette [link] [comments]

Could supermassive black holes form through star mergers? Posted: 29 Jan 2022 08:07 PM PST I know the universe isn't old enough for supermassive black holes to have formed from collapsed stars. I've heard hypotheses about quasi-stars and collapsing gas clouds, but what about star mergers? I was just thinking, what if there was a gravitationally unstable star cluster which resulted in dozens or hundreds of massive stars colliding and merging? I know that's how some astronomers think really massive stars like R136A1 are formed. But what if enough stars merged to collapse their cores into a black hole, and then more and more kept colliding with the new black hole? Could that have been how some supermassive black holes got their start? Or would this not work? submitted by /u/spacenerd051099 [link] [comments]

How does the body react to food after prolonged food deprivation. Will eating even a normal portion of food cause stomach aches or other adverse reactions? Posted: 29 Jan 2022 08:20 PM PST submitted by /u/farhanaaman [link] [comments]

How does leprosy cause skin lesions? Posted: 29 Jan 2022 03:21 PM PST Lots of sites will say "leprosy causes skin issues/lesions" but never talk about how exactly it does that lol. There's lots of information on how it invades peripheral nerves and leads to loss of sensitivity etc. but not much on lesion pathways. I'd assume that skin lesions result from an inflammatory immune response to M. leprae? Not too sure so any help would be appreciated. submitted by /u/AaronEXL [link] [comments]

Do cold-blooded animals have body fat (subcutaneous fat)? Posted: 29 Jan 2022 07:28 PM PST I don't eat fish, let alone reptiles submitted by /u/Amraam120C [link] [comments]

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