AskScience Panel of Scientists XXVI

---

• AskScience Panel of Scientists XXVI
• Why is the speed of sound higher in warmer air?
• Why root canal hurts soo much if the nerve is dead?
• How do they make caffeinated drinks not caffeinated?
• How are Countries named in their non-native languages?
• What do common antibody tests reveal? Can they tell between a person previously infected, or vaccinated, or both infected and vaccinated?
• Would terminal velocity on Mars be the same as on earth and take longer to reach, or be lower on Mars?
• Are there any studies suggesting whether long-COVID is more likely to be a life-long condition or a transient one?
• Can T-lymphocytes of a person be cloned in vitro?
• In the even of an explosive decompression, why would pilots change altitude slowly instead of quickly??
• Are lateral flow test kits damaged by freezing temperatures?
• How do less dense material rise in a denser medium on Earth when there is gravity acting on matter but there is no input of energy to make the less dense material rise?
• How does gravity work in terms of which direction the force is applied?
• Are people who catch COVID-19 multiple times more at risk for long COVID?
• Were there periods of rapid or 'runaway' global warming, due to tipping points and feedback loops, during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum occur?
• Why do Oak Woodlands and Savannahs thrive in the Bay Area and Central Valley but only exist in small pockets in Southern California?
• Are we tending towards more infective variants of coronavirus?
• Why are there only two signals used in GPS? Wouldn’t having more than two be more accurate?
• Does dietary cholesterol raise serum serum cholesterol levels?
• Ask Anything Wednesday - Biology, Chemistry, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology
• After the K-T extinction, how did the survivors live while the Earth was recovering?
• How is our atmospheric pressure connected to the gravitational pull of Earth?
• How do drinks that contain terpenes solve them in water?
• What is the delta V required to reach the Lagrange point between Sol and Earth and what's an effective way to reach it?
• How does the recent Tonga eruption compare to the famous Mt. Vesuvius eruption?

AskScience Panel of Scientists XXVI Posted: 20 Jan 2022 09:56 PM PST Please read this entire post carefully and format your application appropriately. This post is for new panelist recruitment! The previous one is here. The panel is an informal group of Redditors who are either professional scientists or those in training to become so. All panelists have at least a graduate-level familiarity within their declared field of expertise and answer questions from related areas of study. A panelist's expertise is summarized in a color-coded AskScience flair. Membership in the panel comes with access to a panelist subreddit. It is a place for panelists to interact with each other, voice concerns to the moderators, and where the moderators make announcements to the whole panel. It's a good place to network with people who share your interests! ------------------- You are eligible to join the panel if you: Are studying for at least an MSc. or equivalent degree in the sciences, AND, Are able to communicate your knowledge of your field at a level accessible to various audiences. ------------------- Instructions for formatting your panelist application: Choose exactly one general field from the side-bar (Physics, Engineering, Social Sciences, etc.). State your specific field in one word or phrase (Neuropathology, Quantum Chemistry, etc.) Succinctly describe your particular area of research in a few words (carbon nanotube dielectric properties, myelin sheath degradation in Parkinsons patients, etc.) Give us a brief synopsis of your education: are you a research scientist for three decades, or a first-year Ph.D. student? Provide links to comments you've made in AskScience which you feel are indicative of your scholarship. Applications will not be approved without several comments made in /r/AskScience itself. ------------------- Ideally, these comments should clearly indicate your fluency in the fundamentals of your discipline as well as your expertise. We favor comments that contain citations so we can assess its correctness without specific domain knowledge. Here's an example application: Username: /u/foretopsail General field: Anthropology Specific field: Maritime Archaeology Particular areas of research include historical archaeology, archaeometry, and ship construction. Education: MA in archaeology, researcher for several years. Comments: 1, 2, 3, 4. Please do not give us personally identifiable information and please follow the template. We're not going to do real-life background checks - we're just asking for reddit's best behavior. However, several moderators are tasked with monitoring panelist activity, and your credentials will be checked against the academic content of your posts on a continuing basis. You can submit your application by replying to this post. submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

Why is the speed of sound higher in warmer air? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 04:41 AM PST My understanding is that sound travels faster through solids and liquids than through gases because the former states are denser. In other words, molecules would collide with less delay between neighbors when passing along a pressure wave if the density is higher. But it seems that the speed of sound is higher in hotter air. Hotter air is less dense than cooler air (e.g., hot air balloon). Can someone please explain what causes the speed of sound to increase in warm air, but also increase when gases are turned to liquids or solids? submitted by /u/crazunggoy47 [link] [comments]

Why root canal hurts soo much if the nerve is dead? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 08:06 AM PST submitted by /u/lefsler [link] [comments]

How do they make caffeinated drinks not caffeinated? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 11:40 AM PST Because tea comes from a plant, how do the remove the caffeine from it? The same for coffee etc. submitted by /u/Girlc0 [link] [comments]

How are Countries named in their non-native languages? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 11:48 AM PST Even in multi-lingual countries, how did they decide what the place should be called in the different languages? Where does the English name for Germany or Austria come from when their German-language names are vastly different in pronunciation and literal interpretation? Who took "Nippon" and said, "yeah, that's 'Japan', now."?? submitted by /u/Finebread [link] [comments]

What do common antibody tests reveal? Can they tell between a person previously infected, or vaccinated, or both infected and vaccinated? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 08:06 AM PST I have been reading about the different antibody responses to natural infection vs. antibody responses to the different types of vaccination (mRNA, viral vector etc), as well as how in cases of both infection and vaccination, the response can be different if you were infected first, or vaccinated first. I'm wondering what, exactly, a commonly available, relatively cheap (ideally a two figure sum) antibody test would reveal. Will the result just be positive or negative? Or is it given in terms of the types of antibodies and their relative concentrations? In other words can such tests differentiate between those with infection- and vaccine-aquired immunity? submitted by /u/No-Impression-3742 [link] [comments]

Would terminal velocity on Mars be the same as on earth and take longer to reach, or be lower on Mars? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 09:53 AM PST Cheers fellas. submitted by /u/CryptographerApart97 [link] [comments]

Are there any studies suggesting whether long-COVID is more likely to be a life-long condition or a transient one? Posted: 19 Jan 2022 03:19 AM PST submitted by /u/ThatWhichVerbs [link] [comments]

Can T-lymphocytes of a person be cloned in vitro? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 01:21 AM PST If so, how is it done? Via bone marrow extraction perhaps? submitted by /u/OhioBonzaimas [link] [comments]

In the even of an explosive decompression, why would pilots change altitude slowly instead of quickly?? Posted: 19 Jan 2022 12:43 PM PST Hi, ​ So, wouldn't you want to equalize pressure as soon as possible? That would mean like more oxygen, not having stuff flying around, etc. However, I read somewhere that experienced pilots do this slowly as possible instead of quickly. Why? Is it cause of pressure sickness? I thought that occurred in divers cause they absorb nitrogen gas, how does that happen for people in a pressurized cabin? Do other fluids potentially expand? submitted by /u/HealthMotor8651 [link] [comments]

Are lateral flow test kits damaged by freezing temperatures? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 07:32 AM PST How is it possible to distribute home test kits, such as COVID but not exclusively, by mail during periods of freezing temperatures when the tests are supposed to be stored above 36F/2C? Can freezing influence the results of these kinds of tests? submitted by /u/FanZag [link] [comments]

How do less dense material rise in a denser medium on Earth when there is gravity acting on matter but there is no input of energy to make the less dense material rise? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 07:24 PM PST If my understanding is correct, a less dense material "rising" means it is going against the direction of gravity, and this is physically impossible according to the laws of Physics. submitted by /u/yCArp [link] [comments]

How does gravity work in terms of which direction the force is applied? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 05:41 PM PST Consider this scenario: Two bodies of mass (A and B) with a great distance between them is orbiting each other in a circular orbit. The time for gravitational waves to reach the other body 1 hour. For body A, does the force pull towards B's position at the point of wave emission or is it somehow being pulled towards B's current position? If the latter is the case, how does A know B's current position? Bonus question. Does gravitational waves from different sources collapse into one direction or will the body be pulled towards all the sources directions? submitted by /u/Stewie977 [link] [comments]

Are people who catch COVID-19 multiple times more at risk for long COVID? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 12:16 PM PST submitted by /u/Terahlyanwe [link] [comments]

Were there periods of rapid or 'runaway' global warming, due to tipping points and feedback loops, during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum occur? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 02:53 AM PST submitted by /u/HappyCat1912 [link] [comments]

Why do Oak Woodlands and Savannahs thrive in the Bay Area and Central Valley but only exist in small pockets in Southern California? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 03:29 AM PST submitted by /u/Wgeorgian69 [link] [comments]

Are we tending towards more infective variants of coronavirus? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 10:44 AM PST The delta and omicron variants have both been touted as more transmissible, replacing the existing variants as the dominant forms in the population. With the emergence of omicron as the new dominant variant, does delta simply disappear as omicron is able to outcompete it for hosts? And using that logic would the next major variant have to be even more transmissible? submitted by /u/Oogaboogag [link] [comments]

Why are there only two signals used in GPS? Wouldn’t having more than two be more accurate? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 11:20 AM PST I'm just wondering why we only have L1 and L2 in GPS (and L5 that will be implemented soon). Wouldnt having more signals to compare against each other improve accuracy of points taken? Is it because a third signal would be redundant, or that it wouldnt increase accuracy to the point of being cost effective? Thank you submitted by /u/Jeskai_Storm_Mage [link] [comments]

Does dietary cholesterol raise serum serum cholesterol levels? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 03:31 AM PST An undergraduate in a health related field here I've come across some really confusing stuff regarding this topic. I've always been kind of health conscious from a young age and interested in this kind of stuff. I was under the impression that saturated fat and cholesterol both contribute to raising serum cholesterol levels. However one of my professors who's now a epidemiologist/professor and was a practising cardiologist stated that dietary cholesterol raising serum cholesterol levels has been debunked and that saturated (and trans) fats contribute to serum cholesterol levels but not dietary cholesterol. I've been reading on this and am more confused than I was before. I see stuff like this Harvard School of Public Health: Choose foods with healthy fats, limit foods high in saturated fat, and avoid foods with trans fat. Although it is still important to limit the amount of cholesterol you eat, especially if you have diabetes, for most people dietary cholesterol isn't nearly the villain it's been portrayed to be. Cholesterol in the bloodstream, specifically the bad LDL cholesterol, is what's most important. And the biggest influence on blood cholesterol level is the mix of fats and carbohydrates in your diet—not the amount of cholesterol you eat from food. But the American heart association and FDA recommend limiting cholesterol consumption etc. and have also come across many studies showing dietary cholesterol does effect heart health as well as websites claiming that a lot of studies are industry funded and not reliable. I would like some clarity on this thanks any input is appreciated submitted by /u/trololol_daman [link] [comments]

Ask Anything Wednesday - Biology, Chemistry, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology Posted: 19 Jan 2022 07:00 AM PST Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Biology, Chemistry, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]

After the K-T extinction, how did the survivors live while the Earth was recovering? Posted: 19 Jan 2022 10:30 PM PST Clearly not ALL plant and animal life died out with the dinosaurs. How did the ones that clung to life in the post-Chixculub dark era do so? submitted by /u/BaffleBlend [link] [comments]

How is our atmospheric pressure connected to the gravitational pull of Earth? Posted: 19 Jan 2022 03:21 PM PST "All other things being equal," if instead of 9.8m/s2 we had half that gravitational pull at sea level, would atmospheric pressure also be half? The reason I'm asking is because I'm trying to conceptualize what flying would be like with our level of technology on a planet will lower gravity. Would it become easier to fly since you have to overcome less gravity, or would it be harder because you need more lift due to the atmosphere being thinner, or would it be relatively the same, because the lower gravity would result proportionally similarly lowered density? submitted by /u/-domi- [link] [comments]

How do drinks that contain terpenes solve them in water? Posted: 19 Jan 2022 06:31 PM PST So I read that some drinks contain terpenes like citral to make up the flavour. I'm using terpenes to make liquid for the vaporizer and they taste really good so I wondered if I could make some kind of flavoured softdrinks, but I'm not sure how that works as most terpenes are not solluble in water submitted by /u/That_Unit_3992 [link] [comments]

What is the delta V required to reach the Lagrange point between Sol and Earth and what's an effective way to reach it? Posted: 20 Jan 2022 03:43 AM PST submitted by /u/Emma_Dale20 [link] [comments]

How does the recent Tonga eruption compare to the famous Mt. Vesuvius eruption? Posted: 19 Jan 2022 02:40 PM PST Just as the title asks. Since most of the public has an idea of the Mt. Vesuvius eruption how much does the recent eruption compare. We have a TON of scientific and recorded data with the recent eruption so how accurately can we compare it to Vesuvius? submitted by /u/PghMe101 [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

Has there been any measurable increase in Goiters as sea salt becomes more popular?

---

• Has there been any measurable increase in Goiters as sea salt becomes more popular?
• Why does covid hit overweight people harder ?
• When measuring how high terrain is on the moon and Mars, what do they use for/how do they determine “sea level”?
• Why does adding an acid to egg whites help stiffen it?
• Is there any non graphic proof that when n appoaches infinity, |(x^n)| + |(y^n)| = r is a square?
• How are rabies vaccines tested on humans?
• Will Earth suffer the same fate as Venus?
• How are birds able to imitate human labial and dental phonemes without lips or teeth?
• Why do different molecules bind to different Helices on receptors?
• Why does salt/lime dissolve in water and why is the amount dependent on the temperature?
• Why is copernicium listed as a transition metal on certain periodic tables, but not the surrounding synthetic elements?
• What happens when your body fights off Omicron and afterwards get a booster. Are both types of antibodies identical? How does your body know what to use?
• Why does stress sometimes manifest itself as tics and twitches?
• Is The Earth's Core Getting Hotter?
• How banking of roads will help the vehicle to travel along a circular path?
• Are there any major brain differences between snakes and lizards?
• What was the reaction of physics community when the results of the double split experiment were published?

Has there been any measurable increase in Goiters as sea salt becomes more popular? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 10:14 AM PST Table salt is fortified with iodine because many areas don't have enough in their ground water. As people replace table salt with sea salt, are they putting themselves at risk or are our diets varied enough that the iodine in salt is superfluous? submitted by /u/geak78 [link] [comments]

Why does covid hit overweight people harder ? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 09:03 AM PST Title basicly. Is it related to the lipids making it easier for it to reproduce ? Or is it their immune system as fast foods are both related to lower immune responses and well, gaining weight as well ? If y'all have videos I love to watch that too :) Edit : no clue why I keep getting downvoted, perhaps its my bad english and I thank you for your patience with my learning of this language xoxox all the best to y'all Edit 2 : thank you so very much for all the answers ! i feel like i learned much today and I'm extra motivated to keep my lifestyle active and healthy !! submitted by /u/TryingToLearn2day [link] [comments]

When measuring how high terrain is on the moon and Mars, what do they use for/how do they determine “sea level”? Posted: 17 Jan 2022 06:29 PM PST submitted by /u/CCcat44137918 [link] [comments]

Why does adding an acid to egg whites help stiffen it? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 12:57 PM PST When banking things like chiffon or sponge cake, egg whites are usually beaten with some acid to help stabilise it and ultimately get stiffer peaks. I can only think of acids creating an unfavourable environment for enzymes but that doesn't seem relevant here :) submitted by /u/idkusernameculture [link] [comments]

Is there any non graphic proof that when n appoaches infinity, |(x^n)| + |(y^n)| = r is a square? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 10:05 PM PST I've been playing with online cartesian drawing tools. When n=1, it is a rotated square at half PI. Then it will transform into a circle while rising n slowly towards 2. Then, an interesting thing began. Any increase in n will make it more square-y but will never become a complete square. Will it became a true square when n reaches infinity? What is the proof? submitted by /u/Dijkztra [link] [comments]

How are rabies vaccines tested on humans? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 02:55 PM PST In my understanding each vaccine, before it enters regular usage, must undergo trials. During trials one group of people gets a vaccine, the other gets placebo, so that we can compare number of infections in each group. I can see how it works with diseases like influenza, COVID or measles. But how it works with rabies? Rabies vaccines are post-exposure and the disease is always lethal. It surely is unethical to give people exposed to rabies placebo if there is a potential vaccine, even if untested? Rabies is very rare, so the trial groups must be huge to gather enough data? Is there maybe a different process for diseases like rabies? submitted by /u/me-gustan-los-trenes [link] [comments]

Will Earth suffer the same fate as Venus? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 09:34 AM PST So, I've been watching lots of documentaries about Venus. Science tells us that once, Venus was a planet that was very similar to earth. Now, it's a treacherous poisonous inferno. Is there any science to suggest that global warming will send Earth to exactly the same fate. submitted by /u/bunglebrain1 [link] [comments]

How are birds able to imitate human labial and dental phonemes without lips or teeth? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 07:05 AM PST submitted by /u/AbouBenAdhem [link] [comments]

Why do different molecules bind to different Helices on receptors? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 12:41 PM PST Let me elaborate my question. The LSD molecule binds to the 5HT2B receptor between the III and IV Helice. LSD is considered as a partial agonist of the 5TH-Receptors. How would the binding look with a full agonist. Additionally what are these Helices made of. I know it's a G-Protein but how can I think of it. What's the complex of Helices? submitted by /u/Simonphilo [link] [comments]

Why does salt/lime dissolve in water and why is the amount dependent on the temperature? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 05:53 AM PST So let me begin by telling from which direction I'm coming from. After using my water boiler in the kitchen for a couple of days, lime will settle at the bottom of it. Why does this happen? As far as I know warm water is capable of holding more salts and lime then cold water. Is this right? And my question then is, why is that even the case, why is there a difference in the amount of slat/lime, water can hold with different temperatures. I was wondering that because I don't understand why the lime settles down if it more it can dissolve in warm water. Is it only because of the steam that can't hold the lime? But then, why does there is no lime at the top of my boiler but only at the bottom? submitted by /u/ereht-olleH [link] [comments]

Why is copernicium listed as a transition metal on certain periodic tables, but not the surrounding synthetic elements? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 06:19 AM PST I just got a new periodic table and noticed that Cn is listed as part of the transition metals rather than the synthetic suoer-heavy elements. Does anyone know why this is? submitted by /u/6spooky9you [link] [comments]

What happens when your body fights off Omicron and afterwards get a booster. Are both types of antibodies identical? How does your body know what to use? Posted: 17 Jan 2022 08:33 PM PST Just got my booster last night and feeling the side effects. Just came to mind as I was learning a bit about how the vaccine works. submitted by /u/icecoldcoke319 [link] [comments]

Why does stress sometimes manifest itself as tics and twitches? Posted: 17 Jan 2022 04:27 PM PST I've always been a highly strung person, but recently I've been under a lot of stress (who hasn't?) and as well as my stutter getting worse I've developed a tendency towards random twitches. Now, I'm getting help with my anxiety, so I'm not looking to get free therapy, I'm just wondering what causes the stress to manifest in this particular way. What's going on that makes my brain say "Hey, this is a difficult situation, so let's make the left arm wave randomly or the head twitch to the side." I'm pretty sure I'm not doing it for attention because it's almost always when I'm alone. Could it possibly be some sort of learned behaviour? If you had asked me to "act like a crazy person" a few months ago, I'm pretty sure this is what I would have done as I've seen similar behaviour on tv. Writing this post has made me think about it which has caused and unusual amount of twitches in a short time, including a kind of clenched shrugging, which is new. Interesting, but quite uncomfortable. submitted by /u/rose-a-ree [link] [comments]

Is The Earth's Core Getting Hotter? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 06:11 AM PST If we can measure that the Earth's atmosphere is heating up, then does that mean the core is also heating up, and could that possibly mean that the outer surface made up of hard rock is getting thinner because of the increasing ratio of magma to solid rock? Could this lead to more tectonic shifts and volcanoes as well as speed up the sea's warming by thinning the gap between the deepest points in the sea and the lava underneath? I made a 10 minute video explaining it here. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KV3rza7GZ6M&t=199s Is this possible and could it be happening? submitted by /u/JustBet [link] [comments]

How banking of roads will help the vehicle to travel along a circular path? Posted: 18 Jan 2022 06:50 AM PST submitted by /u/Rajansmoorthy [link] [comments]

Are there any major brain differences between snakes and lizards? Posted: 17 Jan 2022 03:53 PM PST I've noticed that while both groups are from the same order, they behave very differently from one another, even outside of their anatomical differences. You can really see this when looking at a comparison between a legless lizard and a snake. I don't know much about brain anatomy, but I'm curious how snake and lizard brains may differ, and how that may impact their behaviour. submitted by /u/unknownhuman25 [link] [comments]

What was the reaction of physics community when the results of the double split experiment were published? Posted: 17 Jan 2022 09:37 AM PST submitted by /u/manchest-hair-united [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

Is there research yet on likelihood of reinfection after recovering from the omicron variant?

---

• Is there research yet on likelihood of reinfection after recovering from the omicron variant?
• How do liquid fuel rocket engines reignite in zero-g without destroying the turbopump? (fuel sloshing problem)
• With the Tonga Volcano happening; my son asked me how long it would take for another New Zealand-sized island to emerge in the south pacific. Would it be a matter of thousands of years or billions? Or could it happen tomorrow?
• Domesticated animals are known to be a source of many diseases in humans. Historically, are there any pandemics that have been caused by canine diseases? If not, why do dogs not carry plague-worthy illnesses, or why are humans immune?
• Can volcanos release radioactive elements?
• Does lightning occur on Mars? If so, what is the effect of such a high-temperature phenomenon in such a cold environment?
• What is the decision process to decide which medicines becomes tablets and which becomes capsules?
• Is it possible for the Tor network to have better connection speed without sacrificing security/privacy?
• Are rod cells also used in photopic vision?
• Is the Detonation Velocity the same speed at which an explosion travels at?
• Do species with shorter life spans evolve more quickly than ones with longer life spans?
• How can some people escape Epstein-Barr virus?
• Is it true that marine iguanas boil the algae they consume before digesting them?
• How rare is it for humans to have extra adult teeth?
• Can some ice be harder than other?
• Why does isopropyl alcohol evaporate faster than ethanol?
• Sonic booms from the Tonga explosion in the South Pacific were heard in Anchorage (~9200km away) but not in Seattle (~9100km away) or Los Angeles (~8400km away). Do we know why that is?
• If an embryo develops a mutation during development, is it possible that some cells will have the mutation and others won't?
• What is the maximum distance one can vertically "suck" water like a syringe?
• What determines the power of a tsunami wave?
• How did we contain Ebola but couldn't contain Covid?

Is there research yet on likelihood of reinfection after recovering from the omicron variant? Posted: 17 Jan 2022 04:04 AM PST I was curious about either in vaccinated individuals or for young children (five or younger), but any cohort would be of interest. Some recommendations say "safe for 90 days" but it's unclear if this holds for this variant. submitted by /u/TlGHTSHIRT [link] [comments]

How do liquid fuel rocket engines reignite in zero-g without destroying the turbopump? (fuel sloshing problem) Posted: 17 Jan 2022 02:43 AM PST Hi! This is for You rocket engineers out here! From my (very limited) understanding, a big problem with reignition of a liquid-fuel rocket engine in space is the 'sloshing' of liquid within the tanks. When the engines are already fired it causes no issue, since the g-forces during acceleration keep the fuel at the 'bottom' of the tank, where the pump is. But how is this risk, of the pumps running empty, mitigated during reignition? I can imagine you could give the rocket a "push" with reaction thrusters to force the fuel to the bottom of the tank and then start up the pumps, but I haven't managed to find any real literature addressing this problem. If You know something about this I would be interested to hear Your take on it! Thank You! submitted by /u/fTopayrespecc1 [link] [comments]

With the Tonga Volcano happening; my son asked me how long it would take for another New Zealand-sized island to emerge in the south pacific. Would it be a matter of thousands of years or billions? Or could it happen tomorrow? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 04:32 AM PST How long could a new-New Zealand form? submitted by /u/blihk [link] [comments]

Domesticated animals are known to be a source of many diseases in humans. Historically, are there any pandemics that have been caused by canine diseases? If not, why do dogs not carry plague-worthy illnesses, or why are humans immune? Posted: 17 Jan 2022 10:07 AM PST When Europeans migrated to the New World, they brought with them many diseases that ravaged the native human populations, which had no immunity due to a lack of domesticated animals. However, both populations already had domesticated dogs. Were there any major infections caused by a canine disease? Or did human proximity to dogs since prehistory give us immunity, and so no potential for more recent pandemics, or are our immune systems too dissimilar for transmission? submitted by /u/threewattledbellbird [link] [comments]

Can volcanos release radioactive elements? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 02:41 PM PST I know uranium deposits are fairly rare, but given all the volcanoes in the world and throughout the ages I'm wondering if there was ever, or if there could be, an eruption that contained radioactive elements such as uranium in the lava and the ashes? If not, why? Similarly, what about other interesting, precious metals (gold etc)? Note: Funnily enough it's impossible to Google this question as all results point to the brilliant idea to put radioactive waste IN volcanoes! submitted by /u/the_geth [link] [comments]

Does lightning occur on Mars? If so, what is the effect of such a high-temperature phenomenon in such a cold environment? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 12:52 PM PST I can imagine that the atmosphere might be too thin to produce lightning, but if it does happen I'm curious what it's like there. Do rovers and other instruments have to be designed for the possibility of a lightning strike? submitted by /u/Harachel [link] [comments]

What is the decision process to decide which medicines becomes tablets and which becomes capsules? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 09:06 PM PST I've drunk malaria tablets which were bitter as hell, and I thought why not a capsule? It was taken beforehand (prophylactic I think) so the difference in metabolising time should not matter. On the other hand, I have had pain capsules, where I thought a tablet would have done better because it may kick in quicker. submitted by /u/KesTheHammer [link] [comments]

Is it possible for the Tor network to have better connection speed without sacrificing security/privacy? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 03:30 PM PST submitted by /u/andysvillage [link] [comments]

Are rod cells also used in photopic vision? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 01:55 PM PST There is a plenty of sources that states that cones are used to see colors under well-lit conditions (photopic vision) and rods are used under low-light levels, because they're more sensitive (scotopic vision). However, I can't find anything, whether rods are also used in good light conditions. (I'm sorry for any mistakes. English is not my mother tounge.) submitted by /u/mr_netlex [link] [comments]

Is the Detonation Velocity the same speed at which an explosion travels at? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 05:10 PM PST I'm arguing about a character who can outrun explosions, but I'm having trouble finding a concrete answer. Basically, I keep looking up things related to explosion speed. How fast the shockwaves move, how fast grenade fragments are launched, etc. Google keeps bringing me back to Detonation Velocity. Other users in the thread tell me that air can slow down explosions speed dramatically. The example they gave was "Soundwaves travelling at mach 12 through ice with no air bubbles in it will drop right down to mach 1if they transition into the air" However I can't find anything about that on google either, and I can't understand half of the answers it does give. ​ Can someone give an answer on how fast explosions normally travel, and if those speeds are the same as detonation velocity or not? submitted by /u/jeckboi [link] [comments]

Do species with shorter life spans evolve more quickly than ones with longer life spans? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 02:27 PM PST For example would a fly evolve more quickly than a tortoise? And if yes why don't species evolve to have shorter life spans in order to evolve more quickly? submitted by /u/katy_07 [link] [comments]

How can some people escape Epstein-Barr virus? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 09:53 AM PST EPV prevalence for adults is about 95% worldwide. What about the remaining 5%? Are they naturally immune? Do we know why? submitted by /u/GurthNada [link] [comments]

Is it true that marine iguanas boil the algae they consume before digesting them? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 11:03 AM PST Hi. I'm reading Kurt Vonnegut's Galapagos and at one point it says that marine iguanas dive underwater, scoop a large amount of algae and then bask in the sun to increase their body temperature until the algae have been boil and cooked, at which point they are soft enough to be digested. It even says that the digestive system forms a kind of pressure boiler. I've found this fascinating, but I haven't been able to confirm it. I've seen many pictures of iguanas basking in the sun and information about how much and which kinds of algae they eat, but I find no mention of the boiling part. Can anyone confirm it/debunk it? submitted by /u/carllacan [link] [comments]

How rare is it for humans to have extra adult teeth? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 08:01 AM PST As a child, I had to have 4 extra canine teeth removed. I had a complete extra set, top and bottom. I've only met one other person with extra adult teeth, and it was one extra tooth. My dentist said he never saw it before. Is it really that rare? submitted by /u/BigJakeDaddy [link] [comments]

Can some ice be harder than other? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 06:10 PM PST For example, could the ice made with a freezer be softer than the one in Antarctica? Like is ice harder at -70C than at -10C? I know ice can be thinner and support less weight (like at the surface of a lake), but is that ice less strong than other types of ice? All of this stemmed because I saw a video of someone making clear ice with no bubbles and wondered if that's stronger/harder than your average ice with bubbles. submitted by /u/ExtentOverdrive [link] [comments]

Why does isopropyl alcohol evaporate faster than ethanol? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 11:14 AM PST The boiling point of isopropanol is 82.5C, while ethanol is 78.3C. This makes sense to me, as iso has more hydrocarbons in its structure. However, the enthalpies of vaporization trend in the opposite direction, with ethanol requiring 204 cal/g of heat, with isopropanol only needing 159 cal/g. Can anyone please explain this to me? Thank you! submitted by /u/futurettt [link] [comments]

Sonic booms from the Tonga explosion in the South Pacific were heard in Anchorage (~9200km away) but not in Seattle (~9100km away) or Los Angeles (~8400km away). Do we know why that is? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 02:59 AM PST Some articles about the sonic booms: Article 1, Article 2. It looks like the booms were heard by many within Alaska and parts of Canada, but as far as I can tell no one on the west coast of the contiguous US heard anything, even though it's closer to Tonga. Really curious if we know why that is and what factors affected it. I'm also curious if booms were heard anywhere else. (Tokoyo is only ~7900km miles away for example) submitted by /u/The_Alt_Bit_Zombie [link] [comments]

If an embryo develops a mutation during development, is it possible that some cells will have the mutation and others won't? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 11:16 AM PST submitted by /u/DnaKinaseKinase [link] [comments]

What is the maximum distance one can vertically "suck" water like a syringe? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 06:21 PM PST Suppose I have the power to submerge a fourth of a vertical, circular tube 50 feet in diameter and 500 feet high inside a deep vat of water so that the base of the tube isn't touching the base of the vat. Then, suppose I insert a rigid seal with an airtight grip around the inner edges of the tube at its submerged base and then begin pulling upwards on the seal so that the seal makes its way up through the tube while maintaining its airtight seal. The tube would remain stationary, vertical, and partly submerged the whole time I pull the seal upwards. I'd imagine that pulling the airtight seal upward would create a vacuum under the seal that, as the seal rises, would draw in/"suck" water into the tube from the vat. Would it then be possible that I pull the seal all the way up to the top of the 500 ft tube and create a water column that reaches the top of this 500 ft tube? Kind of like a syringe, but on a massive scale. I keep hearing that the most I can "suck" water upwards is around 30 feet at standard atmospheric conditions. But I found an old /askscience thread where one Redditor was saying how negative pressure and cavitation, like in a piston "sucking" up water in a tube, can help one "suck" water to a vertical height of more than a mile. Here's the old thread: https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3zy9co/what_is_the_maximum_distance_one_can_vertically/cyqsqp4/ The original Redditor doesn't seem to be active anymore, and the thread is years old, so I wanted to ask in a new threat. Could my syringe-like contraption be able to draw water to the top of the tube? Any inputs would be much appreciated. submitted by /u/joshsuh0627 [link] [comments]

What determines the power of a tsunami wave? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 12:09 PM PST In 2011 when the Japan earthquake tsunami waves hit California, tsunami was 6" high. The waves did significant damage, ripping apart the marina docks in Santa Cruz and other Northern California coastal harbors. The tsunami from the Tonga quake yesterday was expected to be 8"-9" inches tall, yet little damage was expected. Why would a higher tsunami wave be expected to have less force than a smaller one? submitted by /u/UnamedStreamNumber9 [link] [comments]

How did we contain Ebola but couldn't contain Covid? Posted: 16 Jan 2022 11:35 PM PST submitted by /u/difftool [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

Is long-Covid specific to Covid infection only, or can you get something similar from a regular cold?

---

• Is long-Covid specific to Covid infection only, or can you get something similar from a regular cold?
• Jupiters Surface how we know what it’s like?
• Can rabies survive indefinitely in liquid?
• In the vacuum of space is there a maximum velocity that an object (that isn't light) can travel, eg a shuttle? Or can it theoretically continue to accelerate if fuel continues to be consume, given that there's no resistance/drag in the vacuum?
• Can a volcano suddenly be born in a place where there has never been a volcano?
• Mitochondria have their own DNA; do all mitochondria in a person’s body share the same DNA?
• What differentiates novel viral stains that can jump from animals to human vs. human to human?
• What is the difference between mutations, variants and strains?
• Could recent Tonga volcano eruption impact global climate?
• Is all oil the result of organic processes or is any of it inorganic?
• Is there any data regarding myocarditis post COVID in a vaccinated population?
• Why can we not predict with a reasonable amount of accuracy when the next eruption of a volcano will occur like we can with most weather events?
• What effect would a massive volcano eruption (like the one that caused the year with no summer), have on climate change/global warming?
• Is the volcanic eruption in the Tongo and subsequent tsunami going to be more damaging due to climate change?
• What would the effects be of receding coastal waterlines on soil fertility?
• How common is the event of a solar flare hitting and affecting mercury?
• How will plate tectonics affect cities on plate boundaries?
• How do you calculate antenna efficiency?

Is long-Covid specific to Covid infection only, or can you get something similar from a regular cold? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 05:25 AM PST I can see how long-Covid can be debilitating for people, but why is it that we don't hear about the long haul sequelae of a regular cold? Edit: If long-Covid isn't specific for Covid only, why is it that scientists and physicians talk about it but not about post-regular cold symptoms? submitted by /u/kryptonxenon345 [link] [comments]

Jupiters Surface how we know what it’s like? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 07:49 PM PST I have scavenged the far reaches of the internet to no avail so why not. How do we know gas giants are really just Gas and not just extremely large planets with thick clouds we have no solid in-depth looks at the innards of the atmosphere only theories and hypothesis's of visible and non visible light pictures submitted by /u/Blackout0666 [link] [comments]

Can rabies survive indefinitely in liquid? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 03:01 PM PST If the saliva that the rabies was in theoretically was kept moist (did not dry out), would the virus continue to survive? I can't find any info about it online. submitted by /u/Flaky_Wheel4194 [link] [comments]

In the vacuum of space is there a maximum velocity that an object (that isn't light) can travel, eg a shuttle? Or can it theoretically continue to accelerate if fuel continues to be consume, given that there's no resistance/drag in the vacuum? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 01:56 PM PST Assuming fuel is infinite and absolutely nothing is ever be close enough to the moving object to interfere with its speed or direction submitted by /u/TheLastBogmam [link] [comments]

Can a volcano suddenly be born in a place where there has never been a volcano? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 09:30 AM PST submitted by /u/UpThereInUtopia [link] [comments]

Mitochondria have their own DNA; do all mitochondria in a person’s body share the same DNA? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 08:21 PM PST submitted by /u/voisin [link] [comments]

What differentiates novel viral stains that can jump from animals to human vs. human to human? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 10:26 AM PST Basically the title. There's a thread in r/worldnews right now talking about new cases of the H5N6 Bird Flu in China. I want to know what prevents a person from being infectious to another person after being infected from a bird/poultry with a novel virus Iike this. It would seem that it's already gained the ability to integrate into human cells, so what distinguishes that from human to human transmission viable strains? I'm flairing this as COVID-19 since it's a closely related question. submitted by /u/mandelbomber [link] [comments]

What is the difference between mutations, variants and strains? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 05:23 AM PST submitted by /u/Hectrekt [link] [comments]

Could recent Tonga volcano eruption impact global climate? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 09:12 AM PST I've seen the news everywhere and it scares me...could it impact global climate? submitted by /u/170071 [link] [comments]

Is all oil the result of organic processes or is any of it inorganic? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 05:10 AM PST Okay so what I understand is oil; and all fossil fuels, are the result of organic material being buried and pressurized over a long period of time, but why do we know it's all organic material? Can't an inorganic material look the same as something that is organic, how would you be able to tell? Is really all gasoline dead dinosaur juice? (or microbes but that's not very fun to visualize) submitted by /u/AdventurousAirport52 [link] [comments]

Is there any data regarding myocarditis post COVID in a vaccinated population? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 05:58 PM PST Is there any data regarding the risk of myocarditis for someone who is fully vaccinated but tested positive for COVID? submitted by /u/hinhinhin [link] [comments]

Why can we not predict with a reasonable amount of accuracy when the next eruption of a volcano will occur like we can with most weather events? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 04:47 AM PST submitted by /u/EJKay22 [link] [comments]

What effect would a massive volcano eruption (like the one that caused the year with no summer), have on climate change/global warming? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 06:55 AM PST submitted by /u/UserNumber314 [link] [comments]

Is the volcanic eruption in the Tongo and subsequent tsunami going to be more damaging due to climate change? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 10:24 AM PST I was having a discussion with someone and they said that the Tsunami's damage would be worse because there is more water in the oceans. That doesn't quite make sense to me, but totally could be true. Help me understand the impact climate change has on tsunami natural disasters? submitted by /u/I_am_ur_daddy [link] [comments]

What would the effects be of receding coastal waterlines on soil fertility? Posted: 14 Jan 2022 06:01 PM PST Full disclosure: This is for a D&D campaign and I just want to have some sense of verisimilitude in the setting. Imagine we have some sort of geological event which results in the water level plummeting, say, six feet over 50 years. My interest is specifically in soil fertility in ocean shorelines. It's not clear to me how the salt content of the water would contribute to soil fertility. In freshwater areas, I'd assume the exposed lakebed would be a very good growing medium, but would a seabed be too salty to grow anything? Thanks! submitted by /u/Sad-Crow [link] [comments]

How common is the event of a solar flare hitting and affecting mercury? Posted: 14 Jan 2022 10:20 PM PST submitted by /u/Answersformyblok [link] [comments]

How will plate tectonics affect cities on plate boundaries? Posted: 14 Jan 2022 09:00 PM PST So I had this thought months ago when I started working on a world I'm designing for a story and I've been curious ever since and haven't really found any answers by googling. As the title says, what will happen to our buildings and cities as the plates of our planet move? And many thousands of years from now, will two parts of a city (whether still inhabited or not) lie in different continents like some mountain chains do? submitted by /u/Fluffiest_RedPanda [link] [comments]

How do you calculate antenna efficiency? Posted: 15 Jan 2022 01:10 AM PST Recently ive been diving into antenna theory and learned about gain. However theres some value that looks like an epsilon with a subscript of A i think and i dont know how to calculate it. submitted by /u/Abxsmal_Void [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States