Do animals that live in an area without a typical day/night cycle (ie, near the poles) still follow a 24 hour sleeping pattern?

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• Do animals that live in an area without a typical day/night cycle (ie, near the poles) still follow a 24 hour sleeping pattern?
• did the Black Plague end because natural selection made human immune systems strong enough to defeat it easily via everyone who couldn't dying off, or is there a different reason?
• How severe of symptoms are animals infected with covid-19, like minks and gorillas, experiencing?
• Does soap break down fungal cells like it does with bacteria and viruses?
• Why does metallicity of a stellar core affect it's ability to form a black hole?
• Is the cross section of a sphere always a circle? Why?
• If you plug a submerged straw with your finger and then lift it from the liquid, a volume of liquid remains in the straw; is there a maximum diameter of cylinder (straw) where this is still possible?
• Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science
• Does drinking water close to meal time, before, during or after have any effect in digestion?
• What's COVID-19's R-Value at currently, now that we've got vaccines and a delta variant to consider?
• Geologic units and Geologic formations are the same things?
• ¿How can we know that the angle between the oxygen and hydrogen is 104.5º? Or any other molecule, for that matter.
• How do sperm know to go into the egg?
• Why didn't life in Antarctica adapt to its cold climate?

Do animals that live in an area without a typical day/night cycle (ie, near the poles) still follow a 24 hour sleeping pattern? Posted: 14 Sep 2021 05:03 PM PDT submitted by /u/aaRecessive [link] [comments]

did the Black Plague end because natural selection made human immune systems strong enough to defeat it easily via everyone who couldn't dying off, or is there a different reason? Posted: 15 Sep 2021 12:17 AM PDT Do European immune systems today have a strong ability to fight off black plague? or if not, then how did the plague ever end? submitted by /u/playfulpurchase [link] [comments]

How severe of symptoms are animals infected with covid-19, like minks and gorillas, experiencing? Posted: 15 Sep 2021 02:01 AM PDT I keep hearing about animals contracting the disease, but I don't ever really see a discussion of how it effects those animals in terms of suffering and death. Are they getting as sick as we do? Do they have the virus in them but it doesn't really effect them? submitted by /u/middleupperdog [link] [comments]

Does soap break down fungal cells like it does with bacteria and viruses? Posted: 15 Sep 2021 02:57 AM PDT submitted by /u/mrs_moleman [link] [comments]

Why does metallicity of a stellar core affect it's ability to form a black hole? Posted: 15 Sep 2021 04:39 AM PDT Large stars with high metallicity tend to favor forming neutron stars vs black holes. What mechanism allows high metallicity cores to avoid a black hole fate? submitted by /u/thejeran [link] [comments]

Is the cross section of a sphere always a circle? Why? Posted: 15 Sep 2021 06:48 AM PDT Another way to put it is : can you cut a sphere so that the cross section isn't a circle? Is there a mathematical demonstration that proves this? submitted by /u/SkunkyStoat [link] [comments]

If you plug a submerged straw with your finger and then lift it from the liquid, a volume of liquid remains in the straw; is there a maximum diameter of cylinder (straw) where this is still possible? Posted: 14 Sep 2021 10:24 AM PDT What other limiting factors come into play? submitted by /u/Josephdirte [link] [comments]

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Posted: 15 Sep 2021 07:00 AM PDT Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]

Does drinking water close to meal time, before, during or after have any effect in digestion? Posted: 14 Sep 2021 08:51 AM PDT submitted by /u/mid_nightsun [link] [comments]

What's COVID-19's R-Value at currently, now that we've got vaccines and a delta variant to consider? Posted: 14 Sep 2021 07:36 PM PDT In early-mid 2020, I remember quite a few articles talking about COVID's R-naught value being between 3 and 3.5. Do we have a more up-to-date R-Value for it now? And Would that value differ between vaccinated and invaccinated individuals, or is it solely an aggregate value? submitted by /u/Targren [link] [comments]

Geologic units and Geologic formations are the same things? Posted: 14 Sep 2021 07:23 PM PDT Difference between geologic formations and units ? submitted by /u/guachipuchi [link] [comments]

¿How can we know that the angle between the oxygen and hydrogen is 104.5º? Or any other molecule, for that matter. Posted: 15 Sep 2021 12:44 AM PDT Edit: the angle between oxygen and hydrogen in H2O submitted by /u/jonreto [link] [comments]

How do sperm know to go into the egg? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 07:25 PM PDT If you released sperm in an environment similar to the vagina and let them go, would they try to burrow into anything that seemed egg-like? I know most of them just die but is it just that the egg's the only thing for them to latch onto or is there something that compels them to penetrate? Bonus question- would a human sperm try to fertilize a non-human egg? Thanks! submitted by /u/Lou_Pockets [link] [comments]

Why didn't life in Antarctica adapt to its cold climate? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 05:14 PM PDT Hey! I'm not a paleontologist/biologist, sorry for my ignorance. For what I've read, Antarctica used to support diverse ecosystems full of all kind of flora an fauna, but it all died out when Antarctica became a super cold desert . Why didn't complex multicellular life adapt to those changes? did it try to adapt and failed? Does the fossil record show weird animals that were trying to adapt to the changing climate? I haven't been able to find any information about the flora and fauna of Antarctica while it was in the process of becoming a big chunk of ice submitted by /u/NikolaBlocovich [link] [comments]

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Is the age of the universe a matter of perspective?

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• Is the age of the universe a matter of perspective?
• Why are the decks angled on aircraft carriers?
• Could a solar sail spacecraft carry its own laser emitter to provide propulsion or does a laser push its own emitter backwards?
• Why doesn't the flu vaccine contain more than four strains?
• why some planets have magnetic field while others don't?
• What were the pressing questions for biology in the 60s?
• What happens with the CBR when you move?
• How is amplitude related to energy?

Is the age of the universe a matter of perspective? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 08:56 AM PDT When it's said that the universe is 13.8 billion years, isn't that from the gravitational perspective of earth? Like if life could survive in a planet around a black hole would the perspective of the age of the universe be much older? I get the Big Bang happened at one time and that that point in time is the same no matter where you are, but theoretically couldn't there be a species of life that could experience 100s of billions of years and view the universe as much older? Addon: wow this kinda blew up. Thanks for all the info. The way I was thinking about the perceived time is backwards. It really does make sense when you think about it. There was always something about what I was thinking that seemed off. So thank you all very much. submitted by /u/Red0Mercury [link] [comments]

Why are the decks angled on aircraft carriers? Posted: 14 Sep 2021 12:03 AM PDT In addition to a few YouTube short-umentaries on the subject, I have read a couple shorter articles on the reasons for angled decks , but I am apparently lacking the big brain here. Every source seems to assume you "get it" and doesn't break it down far. I understand how rotating the deck from 90 to ~45 degrees could extend the usable length, but I don't get why the carrier couldn't just be made larger or what other benefits there are (beyond the added length) that you wouldn't also have on a straight/90-degree/"old" deck. submitted by /u/unapologeticjerk [link] [comments]

Could a solar sail spacecraft carry its own laser emitter to provide propulsion or does a laser push its own emitter backwards? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 08:08 AM PDT There's a classic physics problem that asks why we don't put fans on our sailboats to power our boats when there's no wind? The obvious answer is that the fan will always provide equal or more impulse in the opposite direction than it provides to the sail. Does this same principle apply to solar sails? If you had lasers on the back of a space ship pointed at solar sails in the front, would you move or would you end up stuck in place, i.e. do lasers apply a force back onto their emitters? If they do, much like how you can have a fan boat that just uses the fan for propulsion, no sail involved, could you just power a spaceship by just firing lasers in the opposite direction? I get that this kind of defeats the purpose of solar sails which are supposed to be super light and capable of traveling without needing a power source that could run out of energy. Plus solar sails would either be powered by the sun or massive solar arrays on earth which would provide much more energy and impulse than what the ship could carry with it. I'm more just asking from more of a theoretical standpoint than a practical one. submitted by /u/Alphabunsquad [link] [comments]

Why doesn't the flu vaccine contain more than four strains? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 08:52 PM PDT So I get that the flu vaccine is a quadrivalent vaccine and it's made up of what the doctors hypothesise will be the top 4 variants/strains. But why only 4? Why not the top 5 most likely? Why not 10? Is there a logistical issue for the flu vaccine to contain more strains? Is there concern for greater potential impact on the body if the vaccine had more variants/strains in the same vaccine? submitted by /u/lana_del_reymysterio [link] [comments]

why some planets have magnetic field while others don't? Posted: 14 Sep 2021 01:57 AM PDT submitted by /u/6elixircommon [link] [comments]

What were the pressing questions for biology in the 60s? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 03:34 PM PDT submitted by /u/User9140 [link] [comments]

What happens with the CBR when you move? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 11:43 PM PDT Ok, so I understand there's no such thing as absolute motion, you always need a frame of reference to determine your velocity. But the cosmic background radiation is pretty much the same in any direction you care to look, right? So assume a frame of reference in which you are currently stationary. Now start moving in any given direction. Will the CBR coming from ahead of you be blue shifted and the CBR behind you red shifted? If no, why not? And if yes, wouldn't measuring the red/blue shift of the CBR give you an absolute measure of velocity? submitted by /u/rapax [link] [comments]

How is amplitude related to energy? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 09:04 AM PDT E=hv where h is a constant or E=hc/λ where c is also a constant, but two waves with the same v or λ are not equal in energy if they have different amplitudes...help? submitted by /u/Free_Overthinking [link] [comments]

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Does having the common cold increase your immune response in the short term to other infections?

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• Does having the common cold increase your immune response in the short term to other infections?
• I heard in class that the reason why the core of the earth is iron is because iron is so dense and sank to the bottom. If that’s true, then why aren’t heavier metals like uranium and lead on the inside of the core?
• Are there any elements in the earths crust which are anomalously abundant?
• How were the water masses on earth and how did they function before trees or plants appeared?
• Does every colour of light which is produced by mixing two or more colours from the visible spectrum, look identical to the human eye to a single particular wavelength?
• Why is sugar sticky?
• Did we make engines first and searched for a compatible oil and gas OR oil and gas was found first and engines were made to work with it?
• When you close your eyes, do your lenses contract or relax?
• What do Mars' moons look like from the surface of Mars?
• Is there a limit on how big a lake can be?
• How do researchers estimate that 90 percent of indigenous people in the Americas perished by introduced diseases?
• What types of common chemical compounds could have been isolated and stored with the technology available in the first millennia AD?

Does having the common cold increase your immune response in the short term to other infections? Posted: 12 Sep 2021 03:11 PM PDT submitted by /u/AllWorkNoHay [link] [comments]

I heard in class that the reason why the core of the earth is iron is because iron is so dense and sank to the bottom. If that’s true, then why aren’t heavier metals like uranium and lead on the inside of the core? Posted: 12 Sep 2021 01:48 PM PDT submitted by /u/jackgyver [link] [comments]

Are there any elements in the earths crust which are anomalously abundant? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 06:33 AM PDT Speaking of the types of planets which are similar to earth, is there more or less gold, for example than there should be according to our current models of how a planet forms? ****Could there be a planet out there with abnormally high deposits of a certain mineral or element? I know there's asteroids out there that contain a lot of a certain element and we've been considering(?) harvesting them. submitted by /u/IVEMIND [link] [comments]

How were the water masses on earth and how did they function before trees or plants appeared? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 02:29 AM PDT So, I before plants ever existed I suppose there were already water masses like oceans, seas and, I suppose, the cycle of rain water already existed. Therefore there must have existed already rivers, right? Should we imagine that time where plants didn't exist then like naked ground and rock with rivers running down to the sea? The question might be a bit obvious for some but I have a hard time imagine such a landscape. Would it have been like say... the Colorado Canyon but without any kind of plant or tree around? excuse any typo, I'm not a native English speaker and you might find errors in the text:) thanks in advance! submitted by /u/DaddyComstock [link] [comments]

Does every colour of light which is produced by mixing two or more colours from the visible spectrum, look identical to the human eye to a single particular wavelength? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 04:54 AM PDT submitted by /u/Keen400c [link] [comments]

Why is sugar sticky? Posted: 13 Sep 2021 06:14 AM PDT Suppose you dropped a puddle of sugary liquid to the kitchen table and suppose it sticks to your hand. Why's it sticky? Why is hydrated sugar sticky? submitted by /u/kidlit [link] [comments]

Did we make engines first and searched for a compatible oil and gas OR oil and gas was found first and engines were made to work with it? Posted: 12 Sep 2021 11:56 PM PDT submitted by /u/NaijaPidginGuy [link] [comments]

When you close your eyes, do your lenses contract or relax? Posted: 12 Sep 2021 09:40 PM PDT It is a common tip to ease the strain on your eyes by looking at something very far away to let your lenses relax. This is for when you look at something very close for extended periods of time. But what about when you close your eyes completely? Do your eyes know not to contract when looking at nothing (despite your eyelids literally being the closest thing you can "look at") submitted by /u/TheGoatMan222 [link] [comments]

What do Mars' moons look like from the surface of Mars? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 03:17 PM PDT How visible are they from the surface and how do they compare to what Earth's moon looks like to us? Thanks for indulging my curiosity! submitted by /u/EndUpbeat [link] [comments]

Is there a limit on how big a lake can be? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 04:33 PM PDT submitted by /u/SleepyinStardew [link] [comments]

How do researchers estimate that 90 percent of indigenous people in the Americas perished by introduced diseases? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 03:52 PM PDT I have read estimates like these and they are quite shocking. I wonder how they came up with this estimate. Also do we know of mass burial sites? do the oral traditions of different peoples have stories thaa at tell of the staggering loss of life? It's just hard to get my head around. submitted by /u/Cluefuljewel [link] [comments]

What types of common chemical compounds could have been isolated and stored with the technology available in the first millennia AD? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 02:38 PM PDT For the purposes of the question, let's assume that we are looking for something that is mostly free of impurities. I'm thinking of things like over the counter bleach, ammonia, isopropyl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, and other things you'd find at a pool supply store. But also thinking about some of the more fun reactions that would look like magic, like the precipitation of thallium triiodide from a clear solution, or pharoah's serpent, or the barking dog reaction? I'm really curious about the level of chemistry that could have been achieved without all of the things we see in a typical lab, and without access to raw, relatively pure components. submitted by /u/Sparkybear [link] [comments]

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Why did it take 16 hours for the first message to cross the atlantic via a cable?

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• Why did it take 16 hours for the first message to cross the atlantic via a cable?
• How effective is the vaccine against each of the different covid variants?
• The outer electron of a Cesium-133 atom reverses its direction of spin when exposed to microwave radiation of precisely 9.19263177 GHz, which is the basis of the atomic clock. But what happens if the frequency is off slightly? What if it's a Hertz or two too high or too low? How does the atom react?
• Is the virus that causes CoViD so bad because it is so novel (we were never exposed as children) or because there is something inherently bad in its structure/code?
• Why are some cancer cells not detected by the immune system?
• How does H. Pylori bacterium increases the amount of HCl produced? Or how does H. Pylori increases the activity of the proton pump?
• Why does cancer appear so many years later?
• Do superheavy element ores expand from radioactive decay on geological time scales?
• An optical lens performs a Fourier transform for certain light sources. Is a camera aperture an adjustable low pass filter?
• Why would a classically allowed barrier still have a reflective wave?
• What happens when all electron holes are filled in LED light?
• How are COVID test false positive and negative rates determined?
• What's the relationship between population density and SARS-CoV-2 positive density?
• How do gene mutations work when we have two copies of each chromosome?

Why did it take 16 hours for the first message to cross the atlantic via a cable? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 01:10 PM PDT According to everything I have read it took 16 hours for the signal to cross, but none state why. how is it possible for electricity to slowdown to under 200 miles per hour? Why did it only take 1 hour for the return journey? submitted by /u/todunaorbust [link] [comments]

How effective is the vaccine against each of the different covid variants? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 08:35 AM PDT i'm specifically talking about comparing the OG virus against the South African variant, the British variant and the Delta variant. is there any (noticeable) difference in how effective the vaccine is? submitted by /u/MABfan11 [link] [comments]

The outer electron of a Cesium-133 atom reverses its direction of spin when exposed to microwave radiation of precisely 9.19263177 GHz, which is the basis of the atomic clock. But what happens if the frequency is off slightly? What if it's a Hertz or two too high or too low? How does the atom react? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 12:40 PM PDT submitted by /u/TiberiusClegane [link] [comments]

Is the virus that causes CoViD so bad because it is so novel (we were never exposed as children) or because there is something inherently bad in its structure/code? Posted: 12 Sep 2021 12:47 AM PDT submitted by /u/yeahgoestheusername [link] [comments]

Why are some cancer cells not detected by the immune system? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 10:40 PM PDT submitted by /u/Dense-Bonus-4784 [link] [comments]

How does H. Pylori bacterium increases the amount of HCl produced? Or how does H. Pylori increases the activity of the proton pump? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 05:17 PM PDT submitted by /u/Master-Cat3458 [link] [comments]

Why does cancer appear so many years later? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 04:05 PM PDT The toxic dust from 9/11 caused hundreds/thousands of cancer cases every year. If the cancer cases happened a year or two after the initial exposure I'd understand. But why are they so latent/dormant for so many years? Is it because the dust was just 'sitting' in their lungs doing damage over years? submitted by /u/peteyboyas [link] [comments]

Do superheavy element ores expand from radioactive decay on geological time scales? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 07:23 PM PDT So Uranium for instance eventually winds up as Lead which is stable in geological time. Since the neucli of atoms take up almost none of the space and its mostly the electron cloud, does the presence of all the extra atoms (presumably mostly helium) that result from decay cause the ores to expand while still buried? If no, where do the new atoms (probably mostly helium?) go? submitted by /u/cobhalla [link] [comments]

An optical lens performs a Fourier transform for certain light sources. Is a camera aperture an adjustable low pass filter? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 09:57 PM PDT submitted by /u/Fenr-i-r [link] [comments]

Why would a classically allowed barrier still have a reflective wave? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 08:50 PM PDT According to this article which reddit can't handle the link,(https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/Book%3A_University_Physics_(OpenStax)/Book%3A_University_Physics_III_-_Optics_and_Modern_Physics_(OpenStax)/07%3A_Quantum_Mechanics/7.07%3A_Quantum_Tunneling_of_Particles_through_Potential_Barriers), and wiki page, even when the energy of a travelling wave is higher than the barrier, there is a probability that the wave will be reflected. So far, the sources that I've found on the subject only mention mathematical explanation. Is there no easy to digest physical explanation without doing deep into the theory? submitted by /u/alduin_2355 [link] [comments]

What happens when all electron holes are filled in LED light? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 05:27 PM PDT As I understood electrons cross into the area with atoms that have electron holes and when electrons combine with electron holes laws of physics dictate some energy must be emitted and if materials are right a lot of this emission is light. But what happens when all the electron holes are filled? How do electrons go away to leave free electron holes for next batch of electrons? Or do I misunderstand how electron holes work? submitted by /u/Derslok [link] [comments]

How are COVID test false positive and negative rates determined? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 05:21 PM PDT How do scientists determine if a false positive or negative occurred? Do they have a test more accurate than the test they are testing? How would they determine a false positive or negative on the most accurate test we have? submitted by /u/Mr__platypus [link] [comments]

What's the relationship between population density and SARS-CoV-2 positive density? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 01:16 PM PDT submitted by /u/JoelWHarper [link] [comments]

How do gene mutations work when we have two copies of each chromosome? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 12:37 AM PDT Suppose you have a mutation that interferes with a gene. For example a deletion mutation in CFTR gene that causes cystic fibrosis. Don't we have two copies of chromosome 7? Why isn't the other chromosome sufficient in producing CFTR? ​ How does this relate with haploinsufficiency? submitted by /u/validor18 [link] [comments]

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Wikipedia states, "The human nose is extremely sensitive to geosimin [the compound that we associate with the smell of rain], and is able to detect it at concentrations as low as 400 parts per trillion." How does that compare to other scents?

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• Wikipedia states, "The human nose is extremely sensitive to geosimin [the compound that we associate with the smell of rain], and is able to detect it at concentrations as low as 400 parts per trillion." How does that compare to other scents?
• Are there any biological differences between Male and Female hair?
• Is true that fever is a method that use our body to battle the viruses?
• What are you actually smelling when you smell stale air?
• Stress delayed menstruation - cause in follicular or luteal phase, or both?
• How come Delta has been able to crowd out other strains of Covid inmost countries?
• How do hybrids manage power when both the ICE and EM are running?
• What kind of success did alchemy have?
• How do we know how hot the sun is?
• Are immune cells more resistant somehow to being infected by viruses or affected by pathogen toxins than 'normal' cells? If so, how?
• Can the coronavirus possibly be transmitted via second hand smoke?
• How many Influenza vaccines are administered yearly worldwide?
• Plate techtonics quesiton: How is it that the ocean floor is recycled over millions of years, but the land about the ocean isn't?
• What is the difference between chiropractic and osteopathic manipulative treatment?

Wikipedia states, "The human nose is extremely sensitive to geosimin [the compound that we associate with the smell of rain], and is able to detect it at concentrations as low as 400 parts per trillion." How does that compare to other scents? Posted: 10 Sep 2021 10:26 AM PDT It rained in Northern California last night for the first time in what feels like the entire year, so everyone is talking about loving the smell of rain right now. submitted by /u/BourgeoisStalker [link] [comments]

Are there any biological differences between Male and Female hair? Posted: 10 Sep 2021 10:58 AM PDT I was curious if mens hair has a different make-up over womens hair? If you were to view the hair at a DNA level, would you be able to identify the sex of the person it came from? The reason I ask is because in general, women have longer hair styles and men usually shorter. Is this 100% cultural? And only happens because we are used to these hair styles as the "norms"? Or is there some deeper biology going on that makes humans lean towards certain hairstyles without their knowledge? submitted by /u/flanman1991 [link] [comments]

Is true that fever is a method that use our body to battle the viruses? Posted: 10 Sep 2021 10:39 PM PDT Somewhere I read that, that out body produce fever to kill the viruses that enter our body, but at the same time our body gets affected by it ... So is a battle between the virus and our body, who resist more heat? There is some true behind it? One time I feel the first flu symptoms. Put like 3 jackets, when to run under the sun feeling sick. After 40 mins, a lot of cold sweat, but I feel so much better... It was coincidence or it has some kind of science behind it? Thanks in advance submitted by /u/Mormekil [link] [comments]

What are you actually smelling when you smell stale air? Posted: 10 Sep 2021 05:03 PM PDT submitted by /u/edmundsplanet [link] [comments]

Stress delayed menstruation - cause in follicular or luteal phase, or both? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 03:47 AM PDT Medical student here, an inquiry from a friend prompted me to do some research since I don't think it was well covered in a textbook. What I know is that stress can delay menstruation via suppressing hormones required for ovulation. And I've always been taught that the luteal phase has constant lenght for each individual (most often 14 days). That would mean that the follicular phase is variable, and therefore under influence of stress and other things, and is responsible for cycle length variations, while luteal is not. But now comes her inquiry: she is in her mid twenties, and as of now 5-7 days late on her period - she has regular cycles, 28 days most months, with some 29 or 30 - absolutely never more. Assuming 14-16 days for her follicular phase ovulation should fall on Aug 21st-23th while menstruation was expected Sep 4th-6th. The thing is, she reported being under heavier stress last week or so, while non in the mid of August since she was on a beach vacation. On top of that, she says college causes her a lot of stress during the year, but the cycle still stays very constant. Reading online some sources say change of scenery can also be the culprit of period variations (works with vacation), while on the med side, could increased cortisol levels cause increased progesterone levels, which could potentially delay uterine shedding and bleeding (luteal phase)? In this post I'm not just looking for the answer/explanation for said case, but more of an expanded review on what are the factors that could cause cycle variations, both in the follicular and the luteal phase, with mechanisms/explanations? And please, more about the factors that could be applicable in cases like this, and less about the better known pathologies which are well covered in the textbooks, and with a low probability to manifest just now. (Not too long of course, you can point me to the right sources so I can research myself.) Thank you very much for the help. submitted by /u/medstudforlife [link] [comments]

How come Delta has been able to crowd out other strains of Covid inmost countries? Posted: 10 Sep 2021 08:51 PM PDT Alpha used to be dominant in UK and now it's almost nonexistent there. Is that just due to delta's sheer transmissibility. I would think, since alpha is also quite transmissible it would still somewhat keep a foothold in most countries. submitted by /u/troymclu [link] [comments]

How do hybrids manage power when both the ICE and EM are running? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 05:57 AM PDT in some cars like the Koenigsegg regera the ICE and EM are mechanically linked together on the same driveshaft, wouldn't this cause issues as the EM tries to speed up much quicker than the ICE can? submitted by /u/danknerd69 [link] [comments]

What kind of success did alchemy have? Posted: 10 Sep 2021 02:46 PM PDT You always hear about the outlandish failures of alchemy: it failed to turn lead into gold, failed to make people immortal, failed to create the fabled fifth element (æther). But what success did alchemy have? Since so may people believed and practiced it for so many hundred years I'd assume it made some progress or had some experimental successes it could show off. Am I right? If so, what kind of successes did they have? [Added a "chemistry"-flare since it forced me to add one, when this question is more for the historians of science.] submitted by /u/Jak_a_la_Jak [link] [comments]

How do we know how hot the sun is? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 03:06 AM PDT submitted by /u/Solomanifesto [link] [comments]

Are immune cells more resistant somehow to being infected by viruses or affected by pathogen toxins than 'normal' cells? If so, how? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 02:40 AM PDT As the title says. I've always wondered about this one, but Google didn't really turn anything up for me. Are immune cells better fortified than those they defend? If not so, wouldn't there be more pathogens targeting it directly? submitted by /u/BuddhaTheGreat [link] [comments]

Can the coronavirus possibly be transmitted via second hand smoke? Posted: 11 Sep 2021 12:53 AM PDT submitted by /u/EvieSilver [link] [comments]

How many Influenza vaccines are administered yearly worldwide? Posted: 10 Sep 2021 01:40 PM PDT How many influenza vaccines were administered worldwide yearly before covid? So 2018 or 2019. I understand that influenza kills on the order of 500,000 people per year worldwide, while covid kills on the order of 5,000,000 people per year worldwide. But influenza vaccines are traditionally administered yearly to at-risk groups, while covid vaccines have only recently begun to be administered, so it's not a fair comparison. I can find yearly USA Influenza vaccine data, but not worldwide. submitted by /u/scudpunkhoodie [link] [comments]

Plate techtonics quesiton: How is it that the ocean floor is recycled over millions of years, but the land about the ocean isn't? Posted: 10 Sep 2021 09:07 AM PDT Since the seafloor is recycled back into the earth via plate movement, how is it that the continents are also not recycled in the same way? The ocean floor is around 125 million years old, but the continents go back billions of years. How? These are the articles I read which led me to this question. https://earthsky.org/earth/forever-young-earths-crust-recycles-faster-than-we-thought/ https://www.thoughtco.com/how-old-is-the-ocean-floor-3960755 submitted by /u/Poester_ [link] [comments]

What is the difference between chiropractic and osteopathic manipulative treatment? Posted: 10 Sep 2021 01:25 PM PDT I've been reading up on the difference and I can't make heads or tails of it. Chiropractic is pretty well known for its large, somewhat violent movements. Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) taught to DOs, looks and reads very similar to me. OMT's main difference appears to be a more "gentle" approach. Is there data on the efficacy of OMT? Is there data on the efficacy of OMT vs chiropractic? submitted by /u/smartjocklv [link] [comments]

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