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Friday, June 4, 2021

I got the Moderna vaccine ~6hr ago. How many spike proteins have my ribosomes produced in this time (order of magnitude)?

I got the Moderna vaccine ~6hr ago. How many spike proteins have my ribosomes produced in this time (order of magnitude)?


I got the Moderna vaccine ~6hr ago. How many spike proteins have my ribosomes produced in this time (order of magnitude)?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 11:04 AM PDT

Is it possible we’ve permanently eliminated some strains of colds and flu with the year long quarantine?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 05:28 PM PDT

Why do some juices need to be refrigerated at the grocery store (like OJ) and some can sit on the shelf at room temperature? (Like apple)

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 06:17 PM PDT

Can an adenovirus vector vaccine (such as j and j) alter human DNA?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 10:37 AM PDT

Can an adenovirus vector vaccine such as j and j integrate into the human host's DNA, and in turn cause cancer?

submitted by /u/CoffeeAllDay1
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Formal demonstration of thermodynamics second law ?

Posted: 04 Jun 2021 01:46 AM PDT

Hi,

I am looking for a mathematical demonstration of thermodynamic's second principle. I guess I should look into thermostatistics, but I couldn't find a satisfying source.

Any help would be appreciated !

Thanks a lot.

submitted by /u/Trionlol
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Required time/effort to sequence a virus: now vs then?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 12:05 PM PDT

In 2003 we saw SARS - a virus 80% identical to the Sars-cov2 that causes COVID-19. In the 16 years between, the average phone today is more powerful than the average desktop PC then... Just the desktop processing capabilities increased by something like 1000%. There have been enormous advances in machine learning, AI, genetics and so on.

Let's say that a guy named Dave worked in a lab in 2003 and in 2019, and he was tasked with gene sequencing both the SARS and Sars-cov2 viruses. How much time would he have needed in 2003 vs 2019? Hours vs days? Days vs weeks?

submitted by /u/Komahal
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Why does getting hit really hard make you lose consciousness?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 06:15 PM PDT

Like in boxing matches. Why does a sufficiently strong enough punch knock you out?

submitted by /u/Vegetable_Poem_5647
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If we ever get to peer very closely at the actual edge of the observable universe (and correct for the extreme red shift), will we see stars just pop out into blackness as they cross that edge? Will it be an instantaneous disappearing or a slow fade?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 08:21 PM PDT

For "breakthrough" Covid cases in fully vaccinated people that are deemed to be "mild" (presumably in terms of symptoms), is there still danger of other hidden internal damage (i.e. heart, lungs, etc)?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 12:42 PM PDT

Does childhood/teenage obesity have permanent effects on life expectancy for adults of normal weight?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 06:12 PM PDT

Is blood the same viscosity throughout the entire body? if not, where is it the thickest?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 12:24 PM PDT

Earlier today I gave myself a small papercut, and I noticed that the blood was very thin, almost watery. At first I thought it was probably due to the small and surface-level nature of the wound that the bulk of the hemoglobin was being filtered out, or that maybe some amount of lymph or other clear substance was diluting the blood. However, in the past I have experienced deeper lacerations, from which blood has appeared significantly darker and thicker-- closer to syrup than water.

So this got me wondering, neglecting day-to-day differences like dehydration, does the viscosity of human blood change depending on where it is in the body?

submitted by /u/HighV0LTAGEzZ
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Does regaining sense of smell depend on how fast olfactory sensory neurons regrow after being damaged by Covid-19?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 04:25 PM PDT

I've been trying to find articles and studies about regaining smell back after Covid-19 and through my search, the information that I've found relates to observations of how long after people can expect to regain, but no explanation of what accounts to how quickly recover from loss of smell.

It's something that concerns me that there hasn't been that much urgency to find out about anosmia which I think is significant to lose an important sense and can cause depression.

Also, with the vaccines only preventing or stopping severe infection in the lungs and not also in throat and nose, is another reason of concern for me.

Sorry for any ignorance I've said in my post, I would love to be corrected in my understanding!

submitted by /u/Scary-Criticism6101
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What is the difference between a bowel obstruction and constipation?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 05:32 PM PDT

Before the invention of germ theory, what was the most common explanation for food spoilage?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 01:16 PM PDT

If you fly from the South Pole to Quito, Ecuador, where does the ~460 m/s rotational speed come from?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 11:52 AM PDT

You go from 0 speed relative to the center of Earth to having a horizontal speed of around 460 m/s near the equator. Where does this come from when flying?

submitted by /u/Myriachan
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What conditions are needed to create coprolites?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 04:34 PM PDT

I was wondering because it seems like most poo just gets consumed by insects and bacteria. Is it like preserving a corpse that needs somewhere anaerobic?

submitted by /u/thrown-away-auk
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How do hydrophobic molecules dissolve?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 01:31 AM PDT

As I understand it, hydrophilic substance dissolve in water because the charges in different parts of the water molecule attract the opposite ends of the polar bond of the solute. But like dissolves like, so how do hydrophobic solvents dissolve hydrophobic solutes? I don't see any impetus for the solute to dissociate. I'm also particularly interested in the answer to this question in a biological context, e.g. how things might cross cell membranes.

submitted by /u/Quinlov
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Thursday, June 3, 2021

What exactly is missing for the covid-19 vaccines to be full approved, and not only emergency approved?

What exactly is missing for the covid-19 vaccines to be full approved, and not only emergency approved?


What exactly is missing for the covid-19 vaccines to be full approved, and not only emergency approved?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 01:49 PM PDT

I trust the results that show that the vaccinea are safe and effective. I was talking to someone who is not an anti Vax, but didn't want to take any covid vaccine because he said it was rushed. I explained him that it did follow a thorough blind test, and did not skip any important step. And I also explained that it was possible to make this fast because it was a priority to everyone and because we had many subjects who allowed the trials to run faster, which usually doesn't happen normally. But then he questioned me about why were the vaccines not fully approved, by the FDA for example. I don't know the reason and I could not find an answer online.

Can someone explain me what exactly is missing or was skipped to get a full approval?

submitted by /u/cinico
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We create vaccines to build long term immune response, why cant we build them to suppress?

Posted: 03 Jun 2021 01:06 AM PDT

I suffer from pollen, dust, cat, etc. allergies flaring up sneezing and general irritation daily. I can't imagine how tough life must be for people with life threatening allergies.. I've read the immune system is being overly sensitive, so why is it we can't remove targets from the immune system playbook?

submitted by /u/ashmaan
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Is it the observing of a particle in quantum mechanics that collapses it or the recording of it?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 03:24 PM PDT

There was an experiment where the information of a particle's location from a Double-slit experiment was recorded from a computer and placed inside of an atom. The particle then collapsed when the information was placed inside the atom. So when something observed it, it collapsed.

My question is, could the act of recording the information in the computer have interfered with the experiment, causing the collapsing of the particle itself rather than the atom? Computers have atoms in it, why wouldn't the computer's recording set the collapsing off? Why does it need to go into an atom for it to collapse?

submitted by /u/Legend1021
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When reversing DNA methylation age, is it easier to reverse inappropriately hypomethylated sites or hypermethylated sites?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:12 PM PDT

are hypomethylated sites around transposon origin sites the easiest to reverse? (often they're part of the pattern of global hypomethylation with aging)

submitted by /u/inquilinekea
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Why Cancer-Patients are not considered a risky group for Covid-19?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 09:36 PM PDT

My country has considered Cancer Patients as a non-risk group for Covid-19, but considered "Fat People" as a risk group (the media even said that "fat shaming" cannot get in the way of the vaccine, because it is a "healthy" lifestyle, but risky for Covid-19). As they say in my country: "those are two different measures for the same weight". It's seems not proportional at all. About the Cancer patients, the specialists where strongly against the goverment position, saying that covid-19 might be the final drop on a Cancer Patient's life, leading them to death. It's a risk.

Not only my country, but from what I see, people around the world are not considering Cancer Patients as a risk group. At least not strongly saying they are a risk group.

The only two things that come to my mind are: 1 - people think that: considering the fact cancer that cancer has a high cause for death in the advanced cases, they conclue that in those cenarios "He has cancer, he is aldery dead. It's not Covid who will kills him"; 2 - people think that cancer patients, who are only in the initial stages, don't deserve vaccines since the risky of death is low.

I disagree with both points I pointed out in "1" and "2". 1 seems not logical since, covid might be the "imediate"/"final" factor for their death, and 2 seems fair but ignores that it might depend on the concrete case (Let's not treat melanoma as pancreas cancer). But even it I accepted these points, shouln't we all agree that people under chemotherapy are a risky group?

There are scientific factors that make Cancer Patients less a risk group than obesity for the Covid-19? Or in any way, a non-risk group in general for Covid-19? It's the concrete case the real criteria for that person with cancer being at risky? Is only a certain group of cancer patients in the "danger zone"? Wich one?

submitted by /u/blissdespair
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How is different grit sandpaper made?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 05:06 PM PDT

Using bond energy from atomic to diatomic state of atoms as fuel?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 11:58 AM PDT

Excuse my ignorance on this, I haven't been able to find any answers to this question, and chemistry was not my best subject.

I was wondering, outside of cost, is there any reason why we can't just react atomic oxygen with itself to produce O_2 and use it as a completely non harmful fuel for rockets or jets?

From what I can tell the bond energy of O2 is 498kJ/mol, compared to water which is the product of reacting 2H_2 with O_2 and has a bond energy of 460kJ/mol. I assume this would mean a more violent reaction from 2O -> O_2, but potentially a more effective one?

Thank you so much if you answered this, it's hurting my brain trying to figure this one out.

submitted by /u/Only_A_Friend
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Is the platinum strictly necessary for the hydrogen fuel cell reaction?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:15 AM PDT

The context is I have been asked to make an experiment that ~50 summer campers can do. I thought it would be neat to do the cycle of splitting water into H+O, and then getting power back. However, when I look up instructions for making a hydrogen fuel cell, they all start with 'take 12 inches of plantinum wire', which would cost a few thousand to do with everybody.

I did an experiment myself where I did everything with non-platinum wire, and my DMM was reading a 0.4V difference, and I did see something mist-like flowing between the two electrodes. Is it possible that I was getting the reaction, and the platinum is only needed for hydrogen power to be practical, or is it more likely that I was reading something else?

submitted by /u/superbob201
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Are mosquitos good for anything at all?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 08:18 AM PDT

I was always told that everything in the animal world had a purpose. Are mosquitos just good for nothing? If they are useless, why haven't we killed them off by now to prevent all the disease they give?

submitted by /u/ClumsyBandit
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Why some eggs have 2 yolks?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:41 AM PDT

For individuals in a starvation situation does the body require an excess of calories to rebound similar to the processes involved with sleep debt?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:50 AM PDT

The other day the ISS’ Canadarm was struck by a piece of debris. If it had hit the ISS itself, would the whipple plating have stopped it?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 09:29 PM PDT

What kind of danger would the astronauts have been in? Would it have been curtains for them?

submitted by /u/One_True_Monstro
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Can you survive anaphylaxis without treatment?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 07:54 PM PDT

Wednesday, June 2, 2021

Ask Anything Wednesday - Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Ask Anything Wednesday - Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science


Ask Anything Wednesday - Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:00 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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If a star’s color is determined by it’s temperature (the bluer the hotter) then why aren’t any stars for an example green or purple? (Only red, orange, yellow and blue)

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 09:26 PM PDT

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Kofi Asante, head of strategy and business development at aerospace startup Elroy Air. AMA!

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 04:00 AM PDT

Hey, Reddit! I'm Kofi Asante, the head of strategy and business development at aerospace startup Elroy Air. Elroy Air's mission is to improve the quality of life around the world by expanding the reach of express logistics: We're currently building an autonomous vertical take-off and landing system that can deliver 300 pounds of cargo over a 300-mile range. While at Elroy Air, I've helped develop strategic partnerships with NASA, World Economic Forum, Air Force, Embraer, and many Fortune 500 corporations.

Prior to being here, I was a part of Uber's Advanced technology strategy group team that launched Uber freight. During my time at Uber freight, I built an Uber entity that I named "Powerloop," which decreases wait time for drivers and enables high utilization for autonomous trucks. The division is now expanding nationwide, enabling drivers to seamlessly "loop" to their next load using their "power" unit. The program has helped thousands of drivers maximize their workday and come home early to their families all at the same time.

I currently serve as a venture partner and board member at FVLCRUM Private Equity Funds. I'm also a Venture Fund Advisor to Rackhouse Ventures and a board member at the Tufts Entrepreneurship Center. My ventures both at Uber and Elroy Air have been featured in the Wallstreet Journal, PBS, Techcrunch, Forbes, and Business Insider. Most recently, Elroy Air and I were featured in NOVA PBS' new film "Great Electric Airplane Race," which premiered on May 26. Ask me anything about Elroy Air, my work on "Powerloop," my involvement in "Great Electric Airplane Race," or my passion for science communication.

Ask me anything!

Username: /u/novapbs

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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How does one die from being hung?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 02:29 AM PDT

When I was younger, I think I learned that death by hanging (not a native speaker, I'm not sure if this is the right term) consists in breaking the neck or spinal cord by applying a great amount of force on it, which is done by having the entire body suddenly being dropped leading to a lot of tension in the neck. For that reason, I was told that death by hanging was quite immediate. However, I have only heard that version once, other than that I usually hear people saying that being hung would just lead to a death by asphyxiation. That being said, I kind of wonder why would people go as far as finding a way to hang a body when they could achieve the same result (asphyxiation) without having to hang the said body.

I have to add that I do not plan on hanging myself or anyone else, I'm simply curious and can't seem to find an actual answer when I look it up. Thank you for your help!

submitted by /u/jojolenoir
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How does dosing work for daily medications with long half-lives?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 05:46 PM PDT

I've noticed that a lot of psychoactive meds that are taken daily (e.g. Zoloft, Wellbutrin, etc.) have elimination half lives well over 24 hours, sometimes closer to 36+ hours.

If someone is taking the same dose every 24 hours, would that not lead to a gradual, constant increase in the amount of drug in the body as long as they're taking it? Are there mechanisms that prevent this from happening? Or am I misunderstanding how half life works?

submitted by /u/burf
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Difference between AstraZeneca and Sinovac Vaccine?

Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:47 AM PDT

Why are tritium and deuterium suitable for nuclear fusion? Why not use hydrogen?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 08:12 PM PDT

How long has influenza existed?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 04:40 PM PDT

Our toddler had a gastro illness several weeks ago (after an entire year without being sick) and our high schooler just spent the night and day sick - illness that I have attributed to the opening of social interaction. This got me wondering, how did influenza survive before large, inter-connected populations? Has it only been around for a few thousand years? If it survived in animal populations, I imagine those also being relatively small and isolated. How do viruses circulate in these conditions? Long term shedding hosts? Am I underestimating the size and interconnectivity of ancient populations of humans and animals?

submitted by /u/macreadyrj
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The Western Interior Seaway and the implications of Climate change?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 02:15 PM PDT

First time posting here (I think?)!

So, I followed the white rabbit on a thought train concerning this.

In the late Cretaceous period the continent that we know today as North America was effectively split in half by an ocean known as the Western Interior Seaway, or what is now the Western side of Tornado Alley (I think).

The map~

This ocean existed because of extremely warm climates that melted the poles to the point that the Arctic Ocean spilled over the continent.

My question is, at current (grim) rates of global warming from fossil fuel emissions; along with whatever else might be contributing, would it be possible that humanity would see the resurgence of this ancient sea? Or would it likely remain too slow of a process?

Cheers.

Edit: Spelling and stuff.

submitted by /u/RJVegeto
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Are inflammasomes present in non-myeloid cell lineages?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 05:33 PM PDT

For example, is the NLRP3 (or another) inflammasome at play in epithelial cells? Interstitial cells? Smooth muscle? Endothelium?

submitted by /u/Ruthlessly_Renal_449
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What does F=ma actually mean?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 08:17 AM PDT

If I push an object of mass 10 kg from rest to 5m/s in 1 second then, the force applied in that second is 50N. Then, for the next 5 seconds, I maintain the velocity of the object at 5m/s then a=0 so is the F 0 even when I am exerting force to maintain the velocity?

submitted by /u/Dangankometa
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Why is AC used instead of DC in power transmission?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 05:22 AM PDT

How well does the human immune system multitask?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 07:35 AM PDT

In my country, there is a lot of discussion regarding giving other vaccinations during the days before/after getting the Covid-19 vaccine. One argument that I hear a lot against e.g. giving TDaP right before or after is that if the immune system is "busy" with something, like making antibodies, already, the immune response stemming from the second vaccine will be blunted. But wouldn't this argument then also in general mean that getting sick with something, like a stomach bug, right after a vaccination would affect either how well the vaccine works/how well our body responds to the new invaders? How well does the immune system multitask with "systemic" jobs?

submitted by /u/PottedGreenPlant
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Why are there deserts in Kenya even though it is along the equator?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 04:22 PM PDT

As I understand it, equatorial regions have large amounts of rainfall because of the intense heating and subsequent condensation and rainfall. Most deserts are in the subtropics and near there, but Kenya straddles the equator and still hosts arid regions. What causes this abnormality?

submitted by /u/Lymylyley
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How does 2,4-DNP cause hyperthermia?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 03:24 PM PDT

I understand that DNP causes Hydrogens to move into the matrix of the mitochondria, reducing ATP Synthase's ability to create ATP. However, is the cause for hyperthermia from the increase of glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, or is it from something else?

submitted by /u/The-Hobo-Programmer
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Do mRNA vaccines work on bacterial and other types of pathogens as well as viral pathogens?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:25 AM PDT

How is hypoxia an important stimulus for erythropoietin secretion?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 01:51 PM PDT

My logic is as following but I'm not sure:

In hypoxia, demand for oxygen increases in the body which will lead to increase in RBC count to cope with the situation. And since erythropoietin helps in erythropoiesis, hypoxia causes an increase in erythropoietin.

submitted by /u/EnflamedPhoenix
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Tuesday, June 1, 2021

A 2 year old toddler learns about 6000 words and with the rate of 2500% according to studies, if the kid is in touch with multiple people throughout his early childhood, will this metrics increase, if yes then how?

A 2 year old toddler learns about 6000 words and with the rate of 2500% according to studies, if the kid is in touch with multiple people throughout his early childhood, will this metrics increase, if yes then how?


A 2 year old toddler learns about 6000 words and with the rate of 2500% according to studies, if the kid is in touch with multiple people throughout his early childhood, will this metrics increase, if yes then how?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 08:22 AM PDT

Assume there's two 2 year old kids, 'A' and 'B'. A lived their entire childhood with only their parents. And B lived their entire childhood with a joint family which includes their parents, grandparents and their uncle aunts. Will their word learning rate at the age of 2 will be different and how much different?

submitted by /u/thepoluboy
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Can the COVID-19 have enough variants where it would be considered something new/different and not be detected by the current tests? How do the tests not detect other types of coronavirus?

Posted: 31 May 2021 07:43 AM PDT

What's outside the universe?

Posted: 31 May 2021 03:09 PM PDT

So firstly im just some dumb 17 y.o with a question, and the question is... So space between all the objects in space is a vacuum of nothingness or spacetime or whatever but what is beyond that, that the universe is expanding into. Is there no space no time laws of physics???

submitted by /u/alastair197
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[Economics] If a country adopts Basic Income what, if anything, prevents inflation or the markets adjusting the prices so that the spending power of the BI reduces to pre-BI level?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 04:29 AM PDT

If everyone starting tomorrow in a given country would start getting $2k every month without providing any additional service or products wouldn't that lead to massive inflation?

And if there is no inflation, what's to prevent the spending power of those $2k dollars to remain stable? What's to prevent a landlord from raising rent now that people have more money? Or shops selling things at a higher price now that their clients all have more cash? Wouldn't it simply mean that after a couple of years the $2k is basically worthless in terms of spending power bcs all prices re-adjusted to everyone having more money?

submitted by /u/Anubissama
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Does alcohol cause dementia? Are there studies done on this?

Posted: 01 Jun 2021 12:18 AM PDT

What is the difference between aquatic and terrestrial plants?

Posted: 31 May 2021 08:03 AM PDT

Whats the difference in, say, cell structure between a terrestrial and aquatic plant? There are a lot of plants that can grow in water and above, but their leaves/appearance tend to change depending on their conditions.

submitted by /u/shakeweed
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Electric currents travel through water, so could electricity travel through water droplets in the air in a thick enough fog?

Posted: 31 May 2021 10:28 AM PDT

I was influenced by the film The Day After Tomorrow as a kid (ooo Daddy Dennis Quaid) so I've always enjoyed thinking about theoretical environments capable of extreme calamities.

Would moisture levels in the area become thick enough to where humans couldn't breath before electricity from a lightening bolt is able travel through the surrounding environment?

submitted by /u/friendlyheathen11
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Chemical that reacts with Rust to ‘seal’ a surface?

Posted: 31 May 2021 12:28 PM PDT

Has anyone come up with some type of sealant or protectant that can be applied directly to a rusty surface and the chemical actually reacts with rust itself to create the sealant? Whereby the rust itself can be converted to something better? Iron oxide must have some "potential" to it and not need to be removed every time?

submitted by /u/Pooch76
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Are springs dependent on molecular bonds for their potential energy?

Posted: 31 May 2021 09:07 AM PDT

How does a spider make a line of silk taut from point A to point B?

Posted: 31 May 2021 04:40 AM PDT

What is Voxel - Wise Modelling in Neuroscience?

Posted: 31 May 2021 12:17 PM PDT

Would appreciate resources that help me understand the terminology used in modern day neuroscience literature.

submitted by /u/bonecrusher0601
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Can ocean sediments freeze?

Posted: 31 May 2021 01:15 PM PDT

I'm asking this because in some areas of the ocean, the bottom sea temperature can reach negative temperatures, but I never heard of sediments in these region being frozen (unless it's permafrost), does salty ocean waters prevent it from freezing?

submitted by /u/Mind-Willing
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Are COVID vaccine actually 100% effective against severe/deadly infections?

Posted: 31 May 2021 04:50 PM PDT

This CDC page says that 2% of breakthrough covid infections resulted in death and 10% hospitalized (which is not all COVID related but 70% of the 10% are, so 7% I guess).

While the numbers are minuscule when considering the whole vaccinated population who will hopefully continue to be uninflected at all, the vaccines are evidently not 100% effective against severe/deadly infections. Or am I missing something here?

submitted by /u/LorryWaraLorry
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How has COVID effected the casualty rates from non-COVID sources? (Such as driving causality rates)

Posted: 31 May 2021 01:23 PM PDT

What's the difference between Sputnik V and Sputnik Light vaccines?

Posted: 31 May 2021 11:21 AM PDT

Anyone know how the Light version of the Russian Sputnik vaccine works?

How is it different from the regular Sputnik V?

I literally cannot find any info on this. (beyond the fact that it's a single dose and allegedly has a 79.4% efficacy).

Reference: Russia approves one-dose 'Sputnik Light' Covid-19 jab

submitted by /u/informationtiger
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Being that nerve damage can prevent fingers from pruning, would fingers from a deceased body prune when left in the water for an extended period of time?

Posted: 31 May 2021 12:10 AM PDT

I was watching the case of Samira Frasch and saw that they said the body wasn't in the water long enough to prune their fingers. What prevents this from happening to someone with nerve issues but still allow it to happen to a body postmortem if it does?

submitted by /u/tenfootgiant
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What's the half-life of a breath of oxygen in the blood?

Posted: 30 May 2021 08:30 PM PDT

If a breath of oxygen could be tagged and monitored in the blood stream, how long would those specific molecules last? Does each breath get immediately used or are you just refilling a small bit at once?

submitted by /u/BenevolentCheese
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Why does epigenetic reprogramming occur during embryogenesis and gametogenesis? What’s the purpose of erasing those marks?

Posted: 30 May 2021 09:37 PM PDT

I understand that they occur in these to stages, but why in each stage? How do females deal with epigenetic reprogramming during gametogenesis because of meiotic arrest? Why (in embryogenesis), does the paternal epigenome undergo rapid demethylation? Why does the female epigenome undergo more gradual change?

Also, if you could link any papers that I can access, that'd be great. Thanks in advance.

submitted by /u/geneticsnerd11
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Is everything possible in a multiverse?

Posted: 31 May 2021 12:52 PM PDT

I'm just bored, so I want to tear down one big scifi cliché.

Suppose there's a multiverse with infinitely many universes that are somehow different, whether it's a little thing like at one time an electron was a centimeter further away than in the next universe or maybe completely different laws of physics.

My question is, is it really true that anything is possible?

Think of the silliest scenario you can think of and according to the multiverse theory (the one from scifi) there is a universe where this scenario has played out.

For example, there is a universe where Hitler won WW2 or a universe where someone actually likes pineapple pizza... yuck.

And now it comes... In that case, shouldn't there be a universe where people have learned to travel in multiverses and by sheer coincidence they've made it to my universe and even my room, and 10 seconds from now. 10... 9... 8...

Hmmm, no one's here. Whatever the obstacles to multiverse travel are shouldn't there be some universe where humanity has been able to overcome these obstacles? Why isn't there a smattering of travelers from different universes.

Don't take this too seriously I'm just interested in the answer and I know absolute shit about physics.

submitted by /u/Karbantms
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