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Sunday, August 2, 2020

Why do clones die so quickly?

Why do clones die so quickly?


Why do clones die so quickly?

Posted: 02 Aug 2020 02:22 AM PDT

For example Dolly, or that extinct Ibex goat that we tried bringing back. Why did they die do quickly?

submitted by /u/lgmdnss
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is there a maximum tempature like there is a minimum tempature ( -273°C)?

Posted: 02 Aug 2020 06:01 AM PDT

I heard from my physics teacher that there is in fact an minimum tempature but not a maximum tempature. there is a minimum temperture because tempature is actually the pace of the atoms shaking, and the atoms at that tempature will then dont move anymore, and you cant move slower than not moving.

but isnt it than possible that the maximum temperture is for the atoms to shake at lightspeed?

submitted by /u/GijsHarbers2311
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Would it be feesible for us to program a machine learning computer to understand all combinations of elements, chemicals, and compounds, and then have it run simulations to determine solutions for stuff like curing cancer, or repairing the ozone, or something?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 11:22 PM PDT

Why are surgical masks blue? Why are they never a different color like red or purple?

Posted: 02 Aug 2020 02:58 AM PDT

Evolution by randomness or necessity?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 08:48 PM PDT

I always thought that Evolution is by selection. I mean, giraffes, for example, need to be taller to reach taller trees. So, next generation of giraffes will be taller than the old ones, but no by randomness, because they need it. Need to be taller to reach food.

I was talking with a friend, and she says that occurs by randomness. That means, randomly, a giraffe did born with a taller neck, so the next generations of that giraffe did born with taller necks. But that sounds very unlikely to me.

Just imagine, it is not just the neck. A giraffe needed a stronger heart to have the enough strength to push blood to the head, and needed better balance because gravity center is higher.

It doesn't makes sense for me Evolution by randomness. Maybe a combination of both? I don't know.

submitted by /u/sugardanni
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How much experience is required for the visual development of different animals?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 07:02 PM PDT

Infant humans only have rudimentary visual perception at birth -- they can sense brightness and motion, and not much else. It takes a few months to develop more complex visual perception.

What about other animals? Are their visual abilities innate? I guess this might be the case for simpler animals. What about more complex animals, such as mammals -- can any of them see well from birth, or do all mammals require a while to start seeing well?

submitted by /u/Denziloe
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Why does Norway's coastline look so fractured compared to other countries?

Posted: 02 Aug 2020 05:28 AM PDT

I know it's because of small islands, but why are there so many?

submitted by /u/andreasdagen
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Can we take a mitochondrion out of a cell and see how it will survive by itself?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 03:49 PM PDT

How can doctors/labs tell what type of cancer a person has? And how can they tell what stage the cancer is at?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 10:53 AM PDT

For example, when a biopsy is done, what is being looked for? Is it a certain type of cell or cell growth? If they cant do a biopsy, can they tell just by looking at size and location of a tumor? It seems like there are so many types of cancers out there, how can they tell which one a person has?

submitted by /u/pistachiosareyum
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I've noticed several diseases that originate in birds to infect humans are unusually serious. Is this a pattern, or have I just been looking at bird diseases by random chance? If so, why?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 12:43 PM PDT

The diseases in question are Botulinum/botulinism, which mostly affects migratory birds, West Nile and Eastern Equine Encephelitis, which both spread from birds to humans via mosquitoes, and of course avian influenza, which I think is more deadly than 'regular' (if such a thing exists) influenza.

Is this a pattern that's been noticed by people who don't just listen to podcasts about horrible diseases, or is it a case of pattern recognition (learning about horrible diseases -> many mentioned come from birds -> are diseases from birds more horrible?)

If so, why?

submitted by /u/Mammoth-Corner
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Will melting ice displacement really make oceans rise?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 09:05 PM PDT

As I understand, ice is larger by volume than water and a large portion of ice is under water at the polar caps. If global warming causes the ice to thaw, will the oceans really rise?

submitted by /u/achilles402
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What is adsorption?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 08:39 PM PDT

I came across this term in my casual reading of books. I understand that it is the ability of liquids and gasses to adhere to a solid, but beyond this textbook definition I don't understand.

submitted by /u/Frostfool
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If the current vaccines for covid-19 prove successful, there will still be a lag in production. What would be the most effective way to distribute the vaccine globally for maximum effect?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 04:46 PM PDT

Why does the diaphragm reverse its motion after phrenic nerve damage?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 09:26 AM PDT

What exactly makes the affected side of the diaphragm move upwards during inspiration, and downwards during expiration.

submitted by /u/Dytaka
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How do CPU design engineers work with such massive yet tiny scales?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 10:57 AM PDT

How do design engineers comprehend literally billions of transistors when redesigning chips. I assume the general format for a memory bus or a cache is kind of set, and most of the tech is making it smaller and more efficient, but they still must work in the transistor level of the circuitry, no? How does a person or group or company even begin to tackle a 10 billion unit problem?

submitted by /u/SF2431
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What is the relation between v , f and λ ? And does it change when we're talking about different waves (light , sound and water)?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 10:25 AM PDT

Hello I'm in grade 10 and I'm doing the topic waves . What I'm struggling with is the relationship between v , f and λ. What I've been told is that v is directly proportional to λ so if the speed of a wave increases , the wavelength also increases and vice versa (provided f is constant) . I came across a question in which they were asking how the frequency of a water wave affects it's wavelength . So I searched it up and the answer was that frequency is inversely proportional to wavelength so if frequency increases , wavelength decreases and vice versa . But because wavelength and speed of a wave are directly proportional does that mean speed of a wave will also decrease if frequency is increased ? This doesn't make sense to me . Are the rules of v = fλ different when you're talking about different waves e.g light , water , sound . I'm struggling with this and don't know what to do and would really appreciate it if someone would explain the relation between these three quantities properly and how (if) they change when we're talking about different waves . Thank you !

submitted by /u/Nm_0672
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When you get a limb amputated, specifically what happens to the veins and circulation?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 10:00 PM PDT

Saturday, August 1, 2020

If the Oxford vaccine targets Covid-19's protein spike and the Moderna vaccine targets its RNA, theoretically could we get more protection by getting both vaccines?

If the Oxford vaccine targets Covid-19's protein spike and the Moderna vaccine targets its RNA, theoretically could we get more protection by getting both vaccines?


If the Oxford vaccine targets Covid-19's protein spike and the Moderna vaccine targets its RNA, theoretically could we get more protection by getting both vaccines?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 04:23 AM PDT

If they target different aspects of the virus, does that mean that getting a one shot after the other wouldn't be redundant?

submitted by /u/Kmlevitt
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At the challenger deep, would my body gets crushed to a thin film?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 05:40 AM PDT

I understand that the pressure at those depths is immense. But I'm not sure if it'll just crush my air cavities like lungs or if it'd completely crush meat and bones to a thin paste/film.

submitted by /u/pr1m347
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If there is a column of water with bubbles, will the pressure at the bottom be different than it would be without bubbles?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 08:32 AM PDT

So pressure depends on depth and density irrespective of the shape of the container. Water with bubbles in it would overall have a lower density but if the bubbles are not taken as part of the water and considered part of the 'container' then would the pressure change with depth stay the same as without bubbles?

If so is there a size point where this no longer applies? Would tiny particles suspended in water with different density than the water have an effect on the pressure?

submitted by /u/smus0025
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What causes the power to go out (& back on) during a thunderstorm?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 03:11 AM PDT

Why are curcuminoids such powerful antioxidants?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 08:10 PM PDT

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curcuminoid

Is it b/c of all their delocalized pi orbitals hat are delocalized in this weird way along with the aromatic structure?

submitted by /u/inquilinekea
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Is there a difference between jungles and rainforests? Or are they just two names for the same thing?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 04:31 AM PDT

Why do geothermal energy stations have pipes that make a loop?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 05:36 AM PDT

I am not talking about the ground loops.I saw a geothermal energy station on my way and it has long pipes overground that sometimes these loops that look like the letter "n". I wonder what is the point of that shape, is it for lowering the pressure or to cool down the steam or something else?

submitted by /u/sonekartorbukucu
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Can people who have recovered from COVID-19 (or any virus) still spread the virus?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 10:53 AM PDT

When someone has tested positive for antibodies, does that just mean they can't get sick again or they cannot spread it at all? For example, someone (Person A) who has already recovered from the virus comes into close contact with someone who has the virus (Person B). Can Person A somehow have the virus in their body and spread to others who have not been infected? I apologize if this is a dumb question. Edit: By recovered, I mean officially tested negative for the virus and not recovered from symptoms.

submitted by /u/usmanwar
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Can corona thrive on water? will boiling kill it?

Posted: 01 Aug 2020 02:35 AM PDT

I just had this random thought if its even possible.

submitted by /u/brylez
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Does constant low-level exposure to a virus keep our immune system primed?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 10:22 PM PDT

I've read some early reports of antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 rapidly diminishing to almost undetectable levels in the majority of people who have had the virus after only three months.

If someone who had the virus continues living or working in an environment where they were exposed to the virus daily (for example, frontline healthcare workers), would this regular exposure boost the antibody levels for these people and allow them to stay immune longer?

Here is one of the articles discussing the studies:
https://www1.racgp.org.au/newsgp/clinical/more-evidence-suggests-no-long-term-covid-19-immun

submitted by /u/grumpygeek1
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Why does light seem to get distorted around hot areas?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 06:19 PM PDT

Theoretically, can any elements besides Hydrogen be used for a Thermonuclear fusion weapon?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 07:33 PM PDT

I just watched a little overview about how thermonuclear weapons work and they basically state that Deuterium and Tritium are forced to collide because of great heat and pressure from a fission bomb. I've always know it was a staged reaction of sorts, but the thing that stuck out was that hydrogen made the most sense because there were fewer protons.

Would heavier elements like Lithium or Sodium work in the same way given the right amount of heat or pressure? Or is it diminishing returns as something gets heavier? Or am I completely off base?

submitted by /u/cosmonaut205
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Animals that are feeding on blood like mosquitoes, what are they actually feeding on ?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 04:14 PM PDT

I understand that they feed on blood, but what are they extracting from it actually ?

submitted by /u/Maxoumask
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How do gauge bosons and vector bosons differ?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 06:47 PM PDT

For context, I'm 17 years old and I'm about to start my last year of school. I know the fundamentals of the standard model, but I'm not familiar with the maths (I'm a Brit) associated with it. That's not to say I'm unwilling to try it – I'm always up for a challenge – but just something to bear in mind.

All the articles I've seen either treat gauge and vector bosons as synonymous, or say stuff to the effect of

all known gauge bosons are vector bosons

which implies that it is possible for a gauge boson not to be a vector boson, suggesting they're different things, but they don't say how.

Hence my question, how do gauge bosons and vector bosons differ?

Thanks in advance for the help.

submitted by /u/GibbNotGibbs
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Why so much attention goes to a possible vaccine but not for a treatment?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 08:20 PM PDT

I mean, our hopes right now are the functionality of a vaccine but there's plenty of antibodies trials at the moment that doesn't have our attention. Why? if it's much faster to be approve by regulators and the efficacy also could be great.

submitted by /u/josephreds
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If viruses aren't living what does it mean to kill one?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 08:07 AM PDT

How do the current recombinant viral SARS-CoV-2 vaccines induce immunity?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 05:59 AM PDT

Pretty simple question, referring to the existing recombinant adenovirus vaccines in late stage trials (Oxford, Sinovac) and how they induce an immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

I'm wondering about the genetic structure of the vector and the mechanism of immunogenicity. For example, is the protein part of the viral capsid? Is it a fusion protein with the capsid proteins similar to the approach used in phage display libraries? Is it purely genetic, and used as a delivery vector to induce expression once the genome is in a host cell? If it's the latter, how does this work for an inactivated virus like the one SinoVac is using? Also, if it's purely genetic, does it include a signal sequence for secretion, or purely rely upon presentation in the context of MHC-1?

I would strongly appreciate any references, as I have read a number of press releases and publications which fail to clarify any of these details.

submitted by /u/livaloq
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Why does the Earth have a core?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 11:56 PM PDT

How do trees grow? Like not the process that makes them grow, the actual growing part.

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 12:48 AM PDT

When you lose a limb, does your heart pump less blood?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 07:52 PM PDT

Friday, July 31, 2020

How does alcohol (sanitizer) kill viruses?

How does alcohol (sanitizer) kill viruses?


How does alcohol (sanitizer) kill viruses?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 06:05 PM PDT

Wasnt sure if this was really a biology question, but how exactly does hand sanitizer eliminate viruses?

Edit: Didnt think this would blow up overnight. Thank you everyone for the responses! I honestly learn more from having a discussion with a random reddit stranger than school or googling something on my own

submitted by /u/imronha
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Could we make a hydraulic press strong enough to metamorphosize rock?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 07:25 AM PDT

Why dont we kill HIV/ AIDS by killing the immune system?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 02:13 AM PDT

Alright so I was prepping a lesson for class, where I need to cover HIV in the work place.

My question is, since the virus cannot survive without attaching to and replicating through a cell(specifically for HIV,cells with the CD4 molecule) why do we not just use a process such as chemotherapy to kill the cells, stick the patient in a clean room for however long it takes for the virus to die and then restart the immune system through bone-marrow transplants or something that might actually work.

It might be like taking a butchers knife to the patient, I'm just curious if this has been looked into.

Forgive me if this is a dumb question, its definitely not my field.

submitted by /u/bundu_basher
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Does a COVID test detect the virus if it's in the incubation period?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 08:35 PM PDT

How is the cosmic background radiation temperature uniform in the universe if it increases linearly with redshift?

Posted: 31 Jul 2020 02:25 AM PDT

The cosmic background radiation temperature had been measured to be uniformly ~2.7 K. Doesn't this contradict the equation stating that the CMBR temperature at some redshift z is equal to ~2.7 * (1 + z)? I believe the universe is redshifted more at farther distances, so wouldn't this mean that the CMBR temperature increases as you go farther out in the universe and therefore isn't uniform?

submitted by /u/Ice_Cream_Igloo
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Biologically, how different are humans today from humans 5,000 years ago?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 05:53 AM PDT

Since the material in our solar system came from an exploding star, shouldn't we be able to find/see the remnants of that star relatively nearby?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 01:31 PM PDT

If our body knows how to fight off (non-novel) viruses how do we still get sick?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 12:17 PM PDT

Like how do we get standard colds and the flu if our body recognizes it and knows how to fight it.

submitted by /u/ItsNotCalledAMayMay
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Why would fruit that is left in a sealed container for 2 days cause the container to explode? Is this fermentation?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 08:06 AM PDT

Should I consider climate change effects when buying a home?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 05:15 PM PDT

Ok so this may be the wrong place to ask this, but...

I'm planning on buying a house soon and I've been wondering if I should take climate change into consideration. I live on a coastal area (south Louisiana). Does anyone know of a website or something where I can check areas at risk of flooding? Or should I just get out of the area while I still can? Thanks and sorry if this isn't the right sub for this.

submitted by /u/mypandareadit
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Where do mosquitos hang out/spend their time?

Posted: 29 Jul 2020 11:20 PM PDT

How are they able to so quickly be on you every time you step outside?

submitted by /u/reebeachbabe
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In some place in the universe would The CMBR just be visible light?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 05:39 AM PDT

If the Cosmic microwave background radiation is in the microwave range due to the expansion of the universe stretching the light does that mean at some point in the universe there is this ring where if you lived there you would be blinded in all directions by just really bright lights?

submitted by /u/dFNwtpANND9t
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What methods/techniques exist to measure waterborne microplastics in-situ?

Posted: 30 Jul 2020 02:37 AM PDT

I'm an electrical engineer who's been looking into how to measure microplastics in remote water supplies, and I'm trying to get my head around what methods or technologies exists that might make this possible. The end goal is being able to pump a sample into a vessel/tube, take a measurement, then flush it out.

So far I think Raman spectroscopy might be a possibility, as well as FTIR spectroscopy, but I lack the scientific know-how to understand if these are reasonable approaches and what the pros and cons are for each. I've also come across this microplastics analyser, but I don't fully understand the methods behind it.

Could someone with expertise in this areas please help me out?

submitted by /u/sensors
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