Since DNA degrades as we age, would a clone made with an older person's DNA sample have a shorter life expectancy than a clone made with a young person's DNA sample?

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• Since DNA degrades as we age, would a clone made with an older person's DNA sample have a shorter life expectancy than a clone made with a young person's DNA sample?
• Do trees die of old age?
• why nuclear fission reactions always release neutrons but not protons?
• Are moons always smaller than the planets they orbit?
• Could CRISPR be applied as a cure for viruses?
• How seseriously is Bret Weinstein's Reserve Capacity Hypotheses taken by the scientific community?
• Why have the recent protests across the US not resulted in spikes in coronavirus cases?
• Do we update latitudes and longitudes to account for plate tectonics?
• Do the memories of people with anterograde amnesia degrade over time?
• Is it likely that there are water molecules deep in the ocean that haven't been near the surface since before the Cambrian Period? Or would ocean currents and other similar phenomena make all the water circulate back and forth, given enough time?
• What happens to your brain as you're waking up?
• What does it physically mean to “observe” a photon in reference to the double slit experiment?
• How do we know the magnitude of historical earthquakes?
• Was music theory developed based solely on how the human ear experiences sound? Or does it also based on the natural relationship between sound waves?
• How do archeologists determine the age of artifacts discovered?
• What is the method by which our body’s acclimate to taste and smell?
• Why aren’t nasal vaccines more widespread?
• How much difference can there be between immunity your body develops due to exposure to a disease vs immunity from getting a vaccine for that disease?
• What exactly about hydrogen bonds (between H and N,O,F) makes it so special that it gets its own bond type?
• Do van der Waals forces include or exclude dipole-dipole forces?
• What determines gendered voice differences?
• What do the labs actually look at to determine a positive or negative COVID result?

Since DNA degrades as we age, would a clone made with an older person's DNA sample have a shorter life expectancy than a clone made with a young person's DNA sample? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 06:04 PM PDT Possibly a related question: Why is it that humans are able to produce offspring with "fresh" DNA, yet we are unable to maintain the integrity of our own DNA over time? submitted by /u/DJ027X [link] [comments]

Do trees die of old age? Posted: 25 Jun 2020 07:58 AM PDT How does that work? How do some trees live for thousands of years and not die of old age? submitted by /u/indigogalaxy_ [link] [comments]

why nuclear fission reactions always release neutrons but not protons? Posted: 25 Jun 2020 04:50 AM PDT submitted by /u/cosmicluncher [link] [comments]

Are moons always smaller than the planets they orbit? Posted: 25 Jun 2020 02:42 AM PDT Could there be a planet the size of earth with a moon the size of Jupiter orbiting it? Is it a matter of density or size? submitted by /u/ah4fukssake [link] [comments]

Could CRISPR be applied as a cure for viruses? Posted: 25 Jun 2020 04:29 AM PDT If bacteria uses it as a defence against viruses couldn't humans do it as well? Could it be the long awaited cure for viruses? submitted by /u/MerpDrp [link] [comments]

How seseriously is Bret Weinstein's Reserve Capacity Hypotheses taken by the scientific community? Posted: 25 Jun 2020 08:15 AM PDT In his recent appearance on the Joe Rogan Experience, Bret Weinstein brought up his Reserve Capacity Hypotheses which, roughly said, implies that a particular strain of lab mice that are used for testing pharmaceuticals have been inadvertently bred with abnormally long telomeres. And that this, in practice, leads to unreliable data on toxicity when testing human pharmaceuticals on those mice. I'd previously read his paper, and it made some sense, and felt that it was at least worth considering, given the implications. But the way that Weinstein spoke on that program set off all of my conspiracy theorists alarms. ...as is tradition with anyone that gets within six feet of Rogan. So, how credible is his claim and how seriously is it taken by the scientific community? submitted by /u/ReasoningAloud [link] [comments]

Why have the recent protests across the US not resulted in spikes in coronavirus cases? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 10:04 AM PDT Recently COVID-19 cases have been surging upward across the US, especially in the South and West, with the causes being attributed to reopening of the economy, and the Memorial day weekend gatherings. However no major outbreaks have been linked to the massive protests that have occured in cities across the country, despite public health experts warnings about large gatherings of people yelling, chanting, and coughing (from tear gas or pepper spray). How did this happen? submitted by /u/two-years-glop [link] [comments]

Do we update latitudes and longitudes to account for plate tectonics? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 01:45 PM PDT I just watched a documentary about the Yellowstone hotspot, and it said that the US in that region is moving to the SW at about one inch/year. That would be about 1m in 40 years, which is enough to mess up navigation. How do we account for that? submitted by /u/robertson4379 [link] [comments]

Do the memories of people with anterograde amnesia degrade over time? Posted: 25 Jun 2020 09:04 AM PDT People with anterograde amnesia are unable to create new memories, so apparently every time they wake up, it's the same day over and over again (essentially). So the last thing they would remember would be the final memories before being afflicted with anterograde amnesia. Do those final memories "age"? As time goes on, do those memories feel more distant? Or does it always feel like they just happened? submitted by /u/kuuzo [link] [comments]

Is it likely that there are water molecules deep in the ocean that haven't been near the surface since before the Cambrian Period? Or would ocean currents and other similar phenomena make all the water circulate back and forth, given enough time? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 10:14 PM PDT This thought popped up as a response to the common saying that humans drink the same water that the dinosaurs once did. As much as there are a bunch of water molecules that do get recycled like this, it begs the question whether some water molecules simply are too deep down and under so high pressure that they never get the chance to emerge and be incorporated into the water system known by land beings. submitted by /u/fr15287 [link] [comments]

What happens to your brain as you're waking up? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 06:28 PM PDT When I wake up out of a dream, it takes me about an hour regain my faculties. I'm groggy, thinking is unclear, and I remember random scenes from my dream, which rapidly fade from memory. What's happening to my brain during this period? submitted by /u/dept_of_samizdat [link] [comments]

What does it physically mean to “observe” a photon in reference to the double slit experiment? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 06:48 PM PDT submitted by /u/pretty_smart_feller [link] [comments]

How do we know the magnitude of historical earthquakes? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 07:15 PM PDT I'm reading Nate Silver's book The Signal and the Noise and he has a chapter on earthquake forecasting. In it he talks a lot about historical earthquakes, sometimes from centuries ago. For example he talks about a series of 8.1-8.3 magnitude earthquakes that hit the New Madrid Fault over a period of a few months in 1811-1812. How is the magnitude of an earthquake that happened two centuries ago determined? submitted by /u/qwertyman_101 [link] [comments]

Was music theory developed based solely on how the human ear experiences sound? Or does it also based on the natural relationship between sound waves? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 08:04 PM PDT Not sure if I used the appropriate tag submitted by /u/pathemar [link] [comments]

How do archeologists determine the age of artifacts discovered? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 02:01 PM PDT submitted by /u/Backseatespionage [link] [comments]

What is the method by which our body’s acclimate to taste and smell? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 03:25 PM PDT Why do I initially smell my air freshener then it goes away, but if I leave and return I smell it again? Is it that the sensors ability becomes saturated, or does our brain receive all the signals and just filter some out? submitted by /u/easyleezy [link] [comments]

Why aren’t nasal vaccines more widespread? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 11:07 AM PDT submitted by /u/ikrigos [link] [comments]

How much difference can there be between immunity your body develops due to exposure to a disease vs immunity from getting a vaccine for that disease? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 07:58 PM PDT I've heard that the strength of immunity to a disease can vary between the two. In a recent debate, I've had someone assert that immunity developed from contracting the disease will always be stronger than immunity from getting a vaccine. I was highly skeptical, but didn't have the domain knowledge to argue it, so here I am. submitted by /u/makriath [link] [comments]

What exactly about hydrogen bonds (between H and N,O,F) makes it so special that it gets its own bond type? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 05:13 PM PDT Looking at boiling point graphs, hydrogen bonded substances have a significantly greater B.P than similar molecules with no hydrogen bonding. Furthermore, molecules with an electronegativity difference very close to the limit of hydrogen bonding show very different behaviours. What is special about it, and why is the distinction from dipole dipole bonding? submitted by /u/MonotoneChameleon [link] [comments]

Do van der Waals forces include or exclude dipole-dipole forces? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 11:02 PM PDT I searched online and found 2 conflicting definitions on numerous websites: 1) Dipole-dipole forces are a type of van der Waals force. 2) van der Waals forces and dipole-dipole forces are separate, with the former only referring to London dispersion forces. Does anyone know which one is correct? submitted by /u/zacharyangrk [link] [comments]

What determines gendered voice differences? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 06:26 PM PDT Men and women tend to sound different. To what degree is this the result of social conditioning, and conversely, how much of this is dictated by physiology? Also, how consistent are gendered voice differences from culture to culture? submitted by /u/frogglesmash [link] [comments]

What do the labs actually look at to determine a positive or negative COVID result? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 04:06 PM PDT submitted by /u/MrYoson [link] [comments]

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A study today showed Covid antibodies drop off quickly (70% in 2-3 months). But don't all antibodies drop off quickly? Isn't this normal?

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• A study today showed Covid antibodies drop off quickly (70% in 2-3 months). But don't all antibodies drop off quickly? Isn't this normal?
• AskScience AMA Series: We spent a month at an Antarctic research station and all we have to show for it is this 10-part documentary. AUA!
• Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science
• Where did all the sand in the Sahara desert come from?
• Why is France doing so poorly against COVID-19 compared with other countries?
• Is it possible to develop alcohol resistant pathogens?
• How do underwater cables deal with tectonic rifting? Is it even an issue?
• Can we accurately measure the death toll from COVID by simply comparing the death rate for the last few months to the death rate from previous years? Is that where the 120,000 figure comes from? If not, what are the problems with this approach?
• Why isn’t the coronavirus infection and death rate more linear?
• Do people who are sunburned easily have more or less a chance to get skin cancer?
• What inferences, if any, can be drawn from an unrooted phylogeny?
• Simple question: Is it true that we can see stars that are technically "behind the Sun" because of the way gravity bends light?
• When a new drug enter clinical trials, how is the total size of the population decided?Is it typically greater then a particular number (say 500) or it changes from one medicine to another?
• Are n95 masks effective against slowing the spread of disease?
• Why does sunscreen wear off?
• Why are pterosaurs not considered dinosaurs? What are the classification criteria that make up the group dinosaur but exclude pterosaurs? Are there other classical "dinosaurs" that are excluded from the group?
• How exactly will an mRNA 2019-nCoV vaccine approach work on the cellular level?
• What is the role of 2'0 methyltransferase in viruses and viral replication?
• Are there viruses that infect underwater/marine ecosystems?
• Are there any publicly available De-identified Patient Datasets for COVID-19 analysis?
• Why does calcium interfere in the absorption of some antibiotics?
• Does toothpaste break SARS-CoV2, similar to how soap does?

A study today showed Covid antibodies drop off quickly (70% in 2-3 months). But don't all antibodies drop off quickly? Isn't this normal? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 11:50 AM PDT I'm linking the article I read from Reuters. I hope this isn't unacceptable. I'm simply curious whether this is a normal effect over time, or is something unique to Covid (if it's known). https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-antibody/antibody-levels-in-recovered-covid-19-patients-decline-quickly-research- submitted by /u/zgrizz [link] [comments]

AskScience AMA Series: We spent a month at an Antarctic research station and all we have to show for it is this 10-part documentary. AUA! Posted: 24 Jun 2020 04:00 AM PDT Hi! I'm Caitlin, a producer at PBS' science documentary series NOVA and co-host of Antarctic Extremes. That's our new 10-part YouTube series that takes place in - you guessed it - Antarctica. Adventuring to Antarctica had been a life-long dream of mine. After all, it's the closest I can get to traveling to another planet. No joke, that really was my plan... I went to space camp at least three times as a teenager. We spent 4 weeks on "the ice," based out of McMurdo Station in Oct-Nov 2018, to film and get a taste of the life lead by scientists and other personnel in one of Earth's most extreme environments. (Now you get the series title.) Some of my favorite memories include: getting to boss Arlo around. Learning to ride a snow mobile. Mt. Erebus. The baby seals. Pretending I was on Echo Base. The cookies. OMG, the cookies. Least favorite memory: let's just say my radio call sign was "Can't Sleep." And penguins... seriously overrated. When I'm not in Antarctica, since abandoning my childhood plans to be an astronaut (for now at least), I take on the more realistic mission of saving the planet as a filmmaker with a focus on environmental science documentaries. I studied Earth and Planetary Science and Media Studies at Harvard University, and then worked on award-winning documentaries for FRONTLINE and NOVA. Some of my climate/environment related production credits include co-producing NOVA's Emmy-nominated 2-hour television special on climate change, Decoding the Weather Machine, and the virtual reality experience Greenland Melting. I am also host of the online interactive science game, Polar Lab. Hi there, Reddit! My name is Arlo Perez and I'm the co-host and editor of Antarctic Extremes, a 10-part series documenting life and science down in the coldest natural laboratory in the world. As part of the series, I got to film and interview scientists who study seals and build underwater robots. And just to give you a better sense of what it's actually like to live down there, we added a few of our favorite (mis)adventures, like the one time I got to ride an Antarctic "pickle". A bit about me: I'm originally from a small city in Mexico, and although I grew up with my favorite cartoon being The Wild Thornberrys, I didn't really get to see much of the world until I left my parents' place at the age of 16 and moved to the U.S. After improvising my way through the first-generation immigrant experience, adapting to American culture (y'all need to seriously step up your coffee game), and with a lot of help from friends and family, I managed to get into Boston College majoring in political science and film, work as a film PA for a year, and eventually, start my dream career at NOVA in 2018. Then, through a mixture of persistence and luck, I had the opportunity to go to Antarctica as part of my first big field assignment along with my co-worker/best friend/bossy older sister Caitlin Saks. Yeah, you read that right. My first assignment was working in one of the harshest environments on Earth. On a tight deadline. With a 3-person crew. Since Caitlin gave hers, my favorite memories include: the 24 hour daylight (primo for us procrastinators). Ice-caves. Realizing that Antarctic scientists love to have karaoke night. Least favorite memory: finding out we left all of our clothes on the helicopter that dropped us off in the remote Dry Valleys... Proof! We'll be on at 1:00 p.m. ET (17 UT), AUA! Username: novapbs submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Posted: 24 Jun 2020 08:09 AM PDT Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]

Where did all the sand in the Sahara desert come from? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 06:41 PM PDT I've heard that around 5 thousand years ago the Sahara desert was a tropical forest, full of life. And then, it turned into the wasteland that we know today. Where did all the sand in the Sahara desert come from? submitted by /u/maturespaghetti [link] [comments]

Why is France doing so poorly against COVID-19 compared with other countries? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 11:07 PM PDT France as of now has a 28% mortality rate. At first I thought it was due to a higher median age, however Italy (once considered the worst country for COVID) has a higher age and only have an 11% death rate. Can someone explain why France is doing so poorly compared with other countries? Thank you. submitted by /u/PhuckinFred [link] [comments]

Is it possible to develop alcohol resistant pathogens? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 03:30 AM PDT Along the same lines as antibiotic resistance, if you clean something with alcohol but leave a few bacteria behind, over time is it possible for random mutations to produce alcohol resistant bacteria/virusus/parasites? submitted by /u/Vantavole [link] [comments]

How do underwater cables deal with tectonic rifting? Is it even an issue? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 09:47 PM PDT submitted by /u/paucus62 [link] [comments]

Can we accurately measure the death toll from COVID by simply comparing the death rate for the last few months to the death rate from previous years? Is that where the 120,000 figure comes from? If not, what are the problems with this approach? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 12:18 AM PDT Please forgive me if this is an ignorant question. It is an approach that makes sense to me, but it occurred to me that perhaps there is some problem with this approach that I have not considered. submitted by /u/Alaska_Jack [link] [comments]

Why isn’t the coronavirus infection and death rate more linear? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 07:40 AM PDT It follows a general trend, but it vacillates dramatically day to day. submitted by /u/StinkinFinger [link] [comments]

Do people who are sunburned easily have more or less a chance to get skin cancer? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 02:21 PM PDT Damaged cells are told to die so as not to turn into cancer cells. So, would this not mean that if your skin cells die relatively easy, you would have less of a chance for cancer? submitted by /u/Foss_Oswell [link] [comments]

What inferences, if any, can be drawn from an unrooted phylogeny? Posted: 24 Jun 2020 06:51 AM PDT I know unrooted phylogenies are a useful simplification because each one encapsulates many different rooted trees. But if you look at an unrooted phylogeny itself, with no background knowledge as to where to root it, what can you say about the taxa involved? For example, in the first image here, one might be tempted to say that we can infer that humans are more closely related to chimps than they are to gorillas. But we can't: if the tree's root was actually at point B (hypothetical), then that's false. So is the unrooted tree merely an intermediate step on the ultimate journey, with no insights to be gleaned? But then how can that be reconciled with their frequent appearances in journals, and the fact that some analytical methods for unrooted phylogenies really do mean to convey information (such as the hypothetical second phylogeny linked here)? Thank you so much for your help! https://imgur.com/a/pcQlyGI submitted by /u/Euarchontoglire_85 [link] [comments]

Simple question: Is it true that we can see stars that are technically "behind the Sun" because of the way gravity bends light? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 12:26 PM PDT Gonna be real honest here: I've been down on a Bob Lazar rabbit hole, and this is a line he has been repeating for the past 31 years. I wanna say it sounds like bullshit, but I don't know nearly enough about stars to say that (cue Philadelphia Mac gif here) The question is simple: Is is at all true that there are stars we technically shouldn't be able to see because they're behind the Sun that we can indeed see because of the way the massive mass of the Sun bends the light emanating from them? It sounds like possibly the biggest throwaway plothole in his big bullshit story, but I'd still like an actual astronomer to succintly prove whether or not this is wrong. submitted by /u/DoNotSufferFools [link] [comments]

When a new drug enter clinical trials, how is the total size of the population decided?Is it typically greater then a particular number (say 500) or it changes from one medicine to another? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 09:36 PM PDT submitted by /u/lazyyyyy1yyyyy1 [link] [comments]

Are n95 masks effective against slowing the spread of disease? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 08:08 PM PDT I've been seeing a lot of people saying they are and a lot of people saying that they aren't or recommending that they shouldn't be used for this purpose. Which is true? submitted by /u/jesssssssssssssssssi [link] [comments]

Why does sunscreen wear off? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 03:50 PM PDT As silly as it sounds, why does sunscreen wear off and need to be reapplied? It doesn't lose efficacy in the bottle, so why does it have such a short lifespan when applied to the body? submitted by /u/JebamTiSve [link] [comments]

Why are pterosaurs not considered dinosaurs? What are the classification criteria that make up the group dinosaur but exclude pterosaurs? Are there other classical "dinosaurs" that are excluded from the group? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 11:38 AM PDT submitted by /u/Ohmygordon [link] [comments]

How exactly will an mRNA 2019-nCoV vaccine approach work on the cellular level? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 06:28 PM PDT Someone I know told me that an mRNA vaccine for the coronavirus, like Moderna's vaccine, will use mRNA in conjunction with the reverse transcriptase enzyme to incorporate the spike protein code into the host's own DNA genome. I'm all for vaccines that safely and effectively prevent diseases, but I would be hesitant to get a vaccine that alters my genome for the rest of my life. Is this how mRNA vaccines work, or do they instead only temporarily introduce mRNA strands that will eventually dissipate/be broken down? submitted by /u/Snikerdoodlz [link] [comments]

What is the role of 2'0 methyltransferase in viruses and viral replication? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 02:40 PM PDT Could someone explain how this enzyme allows a virus to attach and replicate in Eukaryotic cells? submitted by /u/Cdaittybitty [link] [comments]

Are there viruses that infect underwater/marine ecosystems? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 11:35 AM PDT Are there viruses that infect underwater/marine ecosystems in the same way that COVID-19 (and other virus outbreaks) have infected aboveground ecosystems? If so, can we draw any conclusions about the transmissibility of viruses through the medium of water vs. the medium of air? submitted by /u/ertww [link] [comments]

Are there any publicly available De-identified Patient Datasets for COVID-19 analysis? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 07:55 PM PDT I know Health Catalyst, Inc. and Cerner are making their datasets available, but only to a select number of people and certainly not to me for my own personal analysis. However, I'm wondering if anyone else has looked into this question and perhaps even had some success. *I know there are tons of publications out there already regarding COVID-19, but just like all the engineering publications I read, they have good/interesting/unique information, just not specifically what I'm looking for. submitted by /u/Curiou [link] [comments]

Why does calcium interfere in the absorption of some antibiotics? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 11:53 AM PDT submitted by /u/T2QTIW31hmtGbNsq [link] [comments]

Does toothpaste break SARS-CoV2, similar to how soap does? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 07:07 PM PDT submitted by /u/paleRedSkin [link] [comments]

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Since viruses seem to affect only specific types of cells, couldn't a specially "breeded" virus affect only cancerogenious cells and be a cure for cancer after all?

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• Since viruses seem to affect only specific types of cells, couldn't a specially "breeded" virus affect only cancerogenious cells and be a cure for cancer after all?
• Is it easier to accelerate at higher speeds?
• How did people make programs for programming without programs for programming in the first place?
• As a US resident I always hear about all of the invasive species we have here from other continents. Do other continents have invasive species from North America?
• What do you call someone that studies geysers?
• Why did my rock change color?
• Many popular articles say “we don’t know if cov2 antibodies provide immunity”. Are there any cases of known diseases where the presence of antibodies for it do not give a reasonable amount of immunity to prevent sickness or transmittal to others?
• What impacts did the North African monsoon shift from North Africa to Central Africa have upon the rainforests in South/Central America?
• If cancer cells don't respond to signals telling them it's time to die, and thus continue multiplying until they get out of control, do they ever get genetic mutations or faulty replications themselves?
• Has there ever been a moment in time where the human population on Earth was lower than previously? Is the birthrate enough to outnumber the deaths of wars and pandemics?
• Is there a way to predict half-life?
• Why does heavy water have a higher boiling point than regular water?
• In the Einstein Gravity vs Acceleration Laser Thought Experiment wouldn't the laser in the room with gravity impact the wall slightly higher than the room with acceleration?
• What is the evolutionary advantage of viruses killing their host?
• How does salt water oral rinses increase mouth pH?
• What makes non-inertial reference frames special?
• Why aren't sails made out of materials such as plastic, wood or other solid materials? Would they not work as well? It seems like they would capture wind all the same and would be easier to control.
• If temperature is an emergent property, then how is 'cold wind' possible? Temperature is just an average of all the particles velocities in a system, but if it's moving very fast (in wind), how can there be cold and fast air?
• How do the lungs get rid of accumulated dust?
• What caused the abundance of rivers in the Congo Basin?

Since viruses seem to affect only specific types of cells, couldn't a specially "breeded" virus affect only cancerogenious cells and be a cure for cancer after all? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 08:53 PM PDT Further reading (Wikipedia definition of virus): https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus submitted by /u/Bennas20 [link] [comments]

Is it easier to accelerate at higher speeds? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 08:00 AM PDT I've done some googling but seem to be getting mixed answers. I was wondering if it would require less energy to gain speed when you are already travelling at high speeds than it would take to increase speed the same amount but if you were going slowly or not moving at all. For example would a 5kg rock need more energy to increase speed by 10m/s if it already travelling at say 50m/s compared to if it was only moving at perhaps 5m/s? submitted by /u/How_Question_Mark [link] [comments]

How did people make programs for programming without programs for programming in the first place? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 02:52 PM PDT I mean, at first there were basically computers which were machines for counting numbers, and then, all of a sudden, people created stuff to write code. How'd they do it? submitted by /u/iv_super [link] [comments]

As a US resident I always hear about all of the invasive species we have here from other continents. Do other continents have invasive species from North America? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 01:06 PM PDT Stink bugs, spotted lantern flies, kudzu plant, asian carp, lion fish, etc, etc. Seems like we are being taken over here in the US with all of the invasive species from other continents. What I am curious about is where other continents have to deal with any invasive species from North America? The only one I remember reading about is raccoons in Germany, but I hardly see trash pandas as invasive and displacing/threatening native species. submitted by /u/Konval [link] [comments]

What do you call someone that studies geysers? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 07:39 PM PDT I know this is silly but it's turned into a rabbit hole. Best we've come up with is geologist but there seems to be sub fields of EVERYTHING else in science. I've googled this for an unreasonable amount of time. Please help me and half my family who are now very annoyed. submitted by /u/my_way_out [link] [comments]

Why did my rock change color? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 09:10 PM PDT I have a Keepsake jar and instead of sand or something to fill and place my keepsakes on, I use Rock salt, I like the look of it and it's easy to place things in it to keep it up. I had a stone that I got in a river on a trip and I put it in the jar. Now the rock was originally Fog Grey, but after being left in the sealed Jar over night the rock turned Tar Black. I tried washing it off and it didn't work. So now I just have a Black stone. I don't mind it, I just wanna know what happened. Why did this reaction occur? What was it that caused this? P.S. I wasn't sure what post flair to use for this so please forgive me. submitted by /u/Effectivelyweird [link] [comments]

Many popular articles say “we don’t know if cov2 antibodies provide immunity”. Are there any cases of known diseases where the presence of antibodies for it do not give a reasonable amount of immunity to prevent sickness or transmittal to others? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 03:36 PM PDT submitted by /u/NyPoster [link] [comments]

What impacts did the North African monsoon shift from North Africa to Central Africa have upon the rainforests in South/Central America? Posted: 23 Jun 2020 01:42 AM PDT I've been reading recently about how North Africa goes through a pattern and through dust and pollen records suggests for the 'African humid period'. From my understanding, the dust which is carried across the Atlantic carries nutrients and contributes towards the growth of plants in the Amazon. With the Sahara being green, would this have had large scale impacts on the growth and nutrients in rainforests? submitted by /u/thepropturnedwinger [link] [comments]

If cancer cells don't respond to signals telling them it's time to die, and thus continue multiplying until they get out of control, do they ever get genetic mutations or faulty replications themselves? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 12:11 PM PDT Are there any drawbacks that cancer growths have (for themselves not for the host) as a result of this uncontrolled proliferation? submitted by /u/FoxeyWoxey [link] [comments]

Has there ever been a moment in time where the human population on Earth was lower than previously? Is the birthrate enough to outnumber the deaths of wars and pandemics? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 02:55 PM PDT Further, does this fluctuation have any adverse effects? Given the finite size of this planet, would there be an ideal population size? I'm sure there's plenty of room with how we are currently building upward and the eventuality of humans developing outward into the ocean. Before those next advancements, I'm curious. These questions stem from recently reading discussions involving global fertility rates, global temperature increases, the continued spread of disease, and an alleged increase in deaths resulting from a natural disaster. Thanks in advance! Note: Repeat submission due to not flairing the post, as per the rules. Anthropology seems to fit, and I'm curious what folks who work in that field have to say in response to these questions. submitted by /u/Whois-the-TimeBeing [link] [comments]

Is there a way to predict half-life? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 07:35 PM PDT Is there a way to predict an atom's/nucleon's half life just based off of the proton to neutron ratio? Answers from any field of science will be appreciated (Before the mods have my head, Google cant seem to comprehend my question, either that or I'm just shit at articulating😂😂😂) submitted by /u/danny_deleto69 [link] [comments]

Why does heavy water have a higher boiling point than regular water? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 08:48 PM PDT I learned at school that the forces and interactions between molecules decide the boiling point of something. If other conditions are the same between D2O and H2O, the London dispersion force should be the reason why D2O has a higher boiling point.(since its strength is often said to be affected by molecular mass) However, from my understanding, the reason why the London forces are stronger for heavier molecules is because they tend to have more electrons. According to this logic, London forces don't seems to be able to explain the difference in their boiling points either. If so why does heavy water have a higher boiling point than regular water? Does this also happen to other molecules with different isotopes? submitted by /u/omnipotentmilk [link] [comments]

In the Einstein Gravity vs Acceleration Laser Thought Experiment wouldn't the laser in the room with gravity impact the wall slightly higher than the room with acceleration? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 10:02 PM PDT As I understand it there is a thought experiment that basically says that if you are in a room, there is no way to tell if you're acceleration "downward" is due to gravity or the room itself is accelerating. A consequence of this is that if you shine a laser at a wall the photons will impact the wall at a point "lower" than where it would with no gravity or acceleration. So my question is, couldn't you measure that acceleration at two different points along the normal of the "floor". In gravity you would get two different results as the point father from the center of the gravitational mass has less acceleration. In the scenario where the room is accelerating the results would be exactly the same. And thus in the laser experiment, the point of impact in the room with gravity would be just a tad "higher" than the room acceleration one? Is this logic sound? submitted by /u/EpiXl33t [link] [comments]

What is the evolutionary advantage of viruses killing their host? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 05:13 PM PDT An ideal virus in my mind would be one that causes symptoms that allow it to be transmitted (sneezing, coughing etc.) but doesn't get bad enough to where those infected would either voluntarily isolate themselves or be too sick to go out whether they want to or not. This worked well for the common cold considering it's prevalence. What is the point of viruses such as Ebola which realistically would never become as widespread as the cold or covid due to its severe symptoms and its high mortality which would likely fear monger people into being strict about isolation? Are these viruses very lethal just because they are not in the right host and the new host can not tolerate them as well? This makes it seem as though there is no real reason for viruses to want to kill anybody and it's more an accidental result. (Or of course viruses don't have brains and can't really gauge when enough is enough) submitted by /u/djhasad47 [link] [comments]

How does salt water oral rinses increase mouth pH? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 08:58 PM PDT Several online resources describing the benefits of oral salt water rinses mention the increase of salivary pH (more alkaline) as the means to inhibiting/slowing bacterial growth. However these sources do not describe the chemistry of how salt water increases oral pH. NaCl doesn't change the pH of water so is it reacting with something else in the mouth to neutralize acids? Colgate submitted by /u/Dangaroo44 [link] [comments]

What makes non-inertial reference frames special? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 10:26 AM PDT I mean, you can't apply Newton laws on NIRFs, but what makes them different from an inertial reference frame? Let me explain: consider an IRF and a NIRF that moves with acceleration A with respect to the IRF. Shouldn't we be able to say that, from the persepective of the NIRF, the IRF is accelerating with acceleration -A? Therefore, what makes the NIRF difrferent from the IRF that prevents Newton laws from working? (IRF: Inertial Reference Frame; NIRF: Non-inertial Reference Frame) submitted by /u/jn_kir [link] [comments]

Why aren't sails made out of materials such as plastic, wood or other solid materials? Would they not work as well? It seems like they would capture wind all the same and would be easier to control. Posted: 22 Jun 2020 09:11 AM PDT submitted by /u/Hangdown456 [link] [comments]

If temperature is an emergent property, then how is 'cold wind' possible? Temperature is just an average of all the particles velocities in a system, but if it's moving very fast (in wind), how can there be cold and fast air? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 11:50 AM PDT submitted by /u/abhijaitely2001 [link] [comments]

How do the lungs get rid of accumulated dust? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 08:10 AM PDT submitted by /u/inquilinekea [link] [comments]

What caused the abundance of rivers in the Congo Basin? Posted: 22 Jun 2020 10:50 AM PDT I am currently reading "King Leopold's Ghost" which outlines the colonization of The Congo Basin. One of the chapters states: "it's fan shaped web of tributaries constitute more than seven thousand miles of interconnecting waterways, a built-in transportation grid rivaled by few places on earth." What caused this abundance of rivers? We're they man-made, or were they a product of a geological event? Why are there so many rivers in the Congo? submitted by /u/CarbKhaleesi [link] [comments]

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