AskScience AMA Series: We're volcanologists with the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. 40 years ago today, Mount St. Helens erupted in a very big way. We are here to talk about St. Helens and volcanic eruptions. Ask us anything!

---

• AskScience AMA Series: We're volcanologists with the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. 40 years ago today, Mount St. Helens erupted in a very big way. We are here to talk about St. Helens and volcanic eruptions. Ask us anything!
• How do pilots know during a flight when there is turbulence coming? They turn on the fasten seat belt sign, and then it gets bumpy. The turbulence ends, and then they turn off the fasten seat belt sign.
• When the swine flu outbreak happened in 2009, the vaccine took less than a year to be synthesized and released to the public. How come people are worried that the COVID vaccine may be released to the public in less than a year?
• If person 1 is trapped under water, and person 2 has access to fresh air as well as to person 1, for how long can person 2 breath in fresh air and exhale it into person 1's mouth? Is there enough breathable air in an exhalation for this to last indefinitely, or would CO2 toxicity slowly build up?
• Do vaccines have "recipes", and if so, once one lab creates one, is it simply shared with the rest of the world? (And how is it ensured that it's being done right?)
• Is it possible to get infected from a single SARS-CoV-2 particle?
• How much life went into a barrel of oil?
• Have we confirmed that an asymptomatic carrier of covid19 (someone who never develops any symptoms but tests positive) is able to produce enough of a viral load to be contagious?
• If helium balloons float upwards because it's less dense than air, shouldn't a container under vacuum also be lighter than air? Could you make an airship float using vacuum if you had a material light, yet strong enough to not collapse on itself?
• Corona Virus Testing: If SARS-COV-2 is the Coronavirus and COVID-19 is the disease. Are we Testing for the Virus? or the Disease?
• Is there a possibility that the nCov vaccines wont work on people who have already caught nCov?
• Does limescale deposition in kettles etc build up during boiling or afterwards?
• How does the body decide which fat cells to burn?
• Why don't other planets in the Solar System like Mars or Venus have moving tectonic plates?
• How can radiometric dating be used to determine the age of the Earth, when heavy elements are not fused in the solar system?
• What makes it rain harder? Why do some clouds cause flash floods while others hardly drizzle?
• Could SARS-CoV-2 Infect the Brain?
• Why doesn’t PCR just use helicase and DNA Polymerase instead of using heat and TAQ polymerase to clone DNA Strands?
• Does the perigee change if i apply a radially outward force to a satellite?
• Are photons attracted by gravitational force?
• How exactly does remdesivir work?

AskScience AMA Series: We're volcanologists with the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. 40 years ago today, Mount St. Helens erupted in a very big way. We are here to talk about St. Helens and volcanic eruptions. Ask us anything! Posted: 18 May 2020 04:00 AM PDT In March 1980, new magma began to intrude beneath Mount St. Helens. Over the next 2 months, the north flank of the mountain began to bulge up to 450 feet (~150 m) outward. At 0832 am, Sunday May 18th, 15-20 seconds after a M5.1 earthquake, the north flank collapsed in the largest recorded landslide, allowing the pressurized magma to explode outward in a lateral blast and pyroclastic density current that levelled ~230 square miles of forest. Over the next ~9 hours, about 0.3 cubic miles of ash and pumice erupted explosively. That ash was distributed locally as highly destructive pyroclastic flows and hundreds of miles away as ash fall. The eruption had profound impacts on the science of volcanology, volcano monitoring, hazard communication, and hazard mitigation. The Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program (volcano.si.edu) is here to answer your questions about Mount St. Helens (volcano.si.edu/projects/sthelens40/) and volcanoes in general. We'll be on at 7 pm ET (23 UT), ask us anything! Username: GlobalVolcanism submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

How do pilots know during a flight when there is turbulence coming? They turn on the fasten seat belt sign, and then it gets bumpy. The turbulence ends, and then they turn off the fasten seat belt sign. Posted: 17 May 2020 08:40 AM PDT submitted by /u/bawledannephat [link] [comments]

When the swine flu outbreak happened in 2009, the vaccine took less than a year to be synthesized and released to the public. How come people are worried that the COVID vaccine may be released to the public in less than a year? Posted: 17 May 2020 10:50 AM PDT submitted by /u/alemirskykatz [link] [comments]

If person 1 is trapped under water, and person 2 has access to fresh air as well as to person 1, for how long can person 2 breath in fresh air and exhale it into person 1's mouth? Is there enough breathable air in an exhalation for this to last indefinitely, or would CO2 toxicity slowly build up? Posted: 17 May 2020 03:32 PM PDT submitted by /u/HerbziKal [link] [comments]

Do vaccines have "recipes", and if so, once one lab creates one, is it simply shared with the rest of the world? (And how is it ensured that it's being done right?) Posted: 18 May 2020 07:13 AM PDT submitted by /u/drewkawa [link] [comments]

Is it possible to get infected from a single SARS-CoV-2 particle? Posted: 18 May 2020 05:45 AM PDT If no, how many of them is enough? And also how long individual particles remain infectious for if suspended in the air? submitted by /u/CUTE_DATA [link] [comments]

How much life went into a barrel of oil? Posted: 17 May 2020 11:03 PM PDT Everyone knows that the fossil in fossil fuel refers to dead life forms, but what does that actually mean? What actually goes into a single barrel of oil? Are we talking discrete animal bodies, organic soil horizons? And just how much biological matter does it take to get one barrel? submitted by /u/DendrobatesRex [link] [comments]

Have we confirmed that an asymptomatic carrier of covid19 (someone who never develops any symptoms but tests positive) is able to produce enough of a viral load to be contagious? Posted: 17 May 2020 11:08 PM PDT I've found lots of studies that suggest it is possible but nothing that can confirm. Is there a study out there that does confirm? I've heard it suggested that the size of viral load correlates to severity of symptoms. submitted by /u/52fighters [link] [comments]

If helium balloons float upwards because it's less dense than air, shouldn't a container under vacuum also be lighter than air? Could you make an airship float using vacuum if you had a material light, yet strong enough to not collapse on itself? Posted: 17 May 2020 10:58 PM PDT submitted by /u/Chainweasel [link] [comments]

Corona Virus Testing: If SARS-COV-2 is the Coronavirus and COVID-19 is the disease. Are we Testing for the Virus? or the Disease? Posted: 18 May 2020 04:29 AM PDT I'm having a tough time finding an answer to this. In news, I hear something along lines of "X amount of people tested +ve for COVID-19" which makes me believe that people are being tested for the disease. But then I hear about how some people tested for COVID-19 are asymptomatic. Which confuses me because aren't the symptoms which tell you whether you have the disease or not? If you are actually being tested for the virus itself then shouldn't the reporting be "X amount of people tested +ve for SARS-COV-2 Coronavirus"? submitted by /u/thaHaremKing [link] [comments]

Is there a possibility that the nCov vaccines wont work on people who have already caught nCov? Posted: 18 May 2020 06:26 AM PDT I know some vaccines against uncurable diseases like HPV don't work if you've already caught the disease. Is there a chance that this will be the case with nCov? submitted by /u/KARMAHARMAHAR [link] [comments]

Does limescale deposition in kettles etc build up during boiling or afterwards? Posted: 18 May 2020 12:05 AM PDT Process of limescale buildup with evaporation I live in an area with hard water so get a lot of limescale in the kettle (by which I mean a stand-alone electric kettle, I'm in the UK). Having just descaled the kettle recently, I was wondering about the process of the scale deposits forming. Presumably they form when the water evaporates, but is it mostly happening as the water is boiling or afterwards as residual (unused) water evaporates? And more practically: Presumably limescale buildup could be prevented if I were to rinse out and then thoroughly dry the inside of the kettle with a towel after each use. But given that I'm not going to do that (it would be difficult as lid opening quite narrow), is it better or worse to leave excess water (whether unused boiled water or freshly poured) in there between uses? Ie, is it better to have an inch of water (a little of which will evaporate) or just the a little dampness (all of which will evaporate between uses)? submitted by /u/ComradeNB [link] [comments]

How does the body decide which fat cells to burn? Posted: 17 May 2020 03:51 PM PDT We all know 'spot fat burning' isn't a thing. So how does the body decide where to burn fat from first? Assuming you have an obese person, making a change to get fit, are there places on the body that lose fat first or does it vary from person to person? submitted by /u/SquabOnAStick [link] [comments]

Why don't other planets in the Solar System like Mars or Venus have moving tectonic plates? Posted: 17 May 2020 05:21 PM PDT And what makes Earth so special for having dynamic tectonic plates? submitted by /u/icansitstill [link] [comments]

How can radiometric dating be used to determine the age of the Earth, when heavy elements are not fused in the solar system? Posted: 18 May 2020 02:02 AM PDT I understand that unstable heavier elements degrade to lighter elements over time, and that the ratio of these elements can be used to determine when the atoms in a rock were fused. However, since heavy elements are not fused on Earth, or anywhere in the solar system, it's not clear to me how this can be used to estimate the age of the Earth. In principle, it seems like an arbitrary length of time could elapse between the supernova which created the uranium found in a deposit on Earth and the time when the Earth began to form. Is the assumption that the formation of the solar system began shortly after the fusion of the heavy elements now found on Earth? submitted by /u/brberg [link] [comments]

What makes it rain harder? Why do some clouds cause flash floods while others hardly drizzle? Posted: 17 May 2020 10:14 AM PDT submitted by /u/GiddySwine [link] [comments]

Could SARS-CoV-2 Infect the Brain? Posted: 17 May 2020 12:04 PM PDT Hello guys, I am currently looking into how the novel coronavirus might be able to spread and infect the brain. There are a couple of reports out there stating that patients are presenting brain complications like meningitis, encephalitis, etc. Is there anyone working on this or do you guys have any insights? Thanks! submitted by /u/spaceflamingoo [link] [comments]

Why doesn’t PCR just use helicase and DNA Polymerase instead of using heat and TAQ polymerase to clone DNA Strands? Posted: 17 May 2020 08:54 AM PDT submitted by /u/eulerthegod [link] [comments]

Does the perigee change if i apply a radially outward force to a satellite? Posted: 17 May 2020 11:00 AM PDT If I apply a radially outward force to a gravitationally bound system, starting from a perfectly circular orbit, the new orbit will then be a elliptical. But will the path of the ellipse ever have a point where its radius to the original center of rotation be lower than the original circle? I've been trying to draw a diagram but I'm not sure if it's valid or not. submitted by /u/PocketCharacter [link] [comments]

Are photons attracted by gravitational force? Posted: 17 May 2020 08:02 AM PDT Are photons affected by gravity? What I mean is when we look at any star it's actually the emitted light... is earth's gravity pulling that towerds it or the photons are targeted towards earth? Also if it's gravity pulling, isn't the speed of light affected by the pull? submitted by /u/bwayne2015 [link] [comments]

How exactly does remdesivir work? Posted: 17 May 2020 05:35 PM PDT Has it something to do with interfering with a DNA/RNA string and taking the place of one of the nucleobases? submitted by /u/Beesterd [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

Will we see an eradication or serious reduction in other illnesses as a result of social distancing and hand washing and other measures during COVID?

---

• Will we see an eradication or serious reduction in other illnesses as a result of social distancing and hand washing and other measures during COVID?
• Why do our hands get sweaty when anticipating strenuous activity, and are often the first things to sweat? What kind of survival situation is benefited by slippery but slightly cooler hands?
• If we can train dogs from sniffing certain types of cancer, is it possible that we can train them in sniffing out viruses too such as Covid-19?
• Why are scientists unsure about whether COVID-19 Antibodies cause long-term immunity?
• The flu virus mutates constantly. How are the vaccines made if the virus is constantly changing?
• What were natural disasters like back in the age of dinosaurs?
• With COVID-19 being so contagious and all of us isolating from each other, is COVID the most likely virus any of us will catch at this moment or are there still flu viruses out there that we’re just as likely to catch right now?
• When learning a new complex skill, like a second language or a music instrument, does the brain have to 'delete' things to make space for it?
• what causes high-pressure weather systems in the atmosphere that eventually lead to heat waves?
• Are fantastic dreams (that the person somewhat remembers) an indicator of creativity?
• How can an object change its axis of rotation due to energy dissipation without violating conservation of angular momentum?
• Are oils containing mainly long chain fatty acids thicker in consistency than short chain fatty acids?
• Can acetone or acetone-methanol be used as mobile phase for column chromatography?
• Are basic expressions of human emotion (happy, sad, scared, etc...) universal, or do they differ from culture to culture?
• Is it possible for prion diseases, specifically vCJD & CJD, to be transmitted by a used injections(needles/syringes) from a current sufferer or a silent carrier just like they are in blood transfusions?
• are all mobile phases in chromatography solvent? And are all solvents considered mobile phase?
• Can we detect a Doppler shift (or "wobble") on the Sun from Jupiter's gravity?
• Is yeast necessary for the production of alcohol during decomposition? Or is alcohol just a consistent byproduct of decomposition?
• Why did Saturn V have so many stages?
• When did freshwater life evolve?
• How does hearing work in animals with good hearing?
• [Physics] are there any shapes of which they're drag coefficient is independant of dimensions or reynolds number?

Will we see an eradication or serious reduction in other illnesses as a result of social distancing and hand washing and other measures during COVID? Posted: 16 May 2020 04:07 PM PDT I'm thinking the flu, the common cold, or other general or obscure illnesses. submitted by /u/yycreformed [link] [comments]

Why do our hands get sweaty when anticipating strenuous activity, and are often the first things to sweat? What kind of survival situation is benefited by slippery but slightly cooler hands? Posted: 16 May 2020 06:43 AM PDT Is this just poor adaptation? In many sports - e.g. weightlifting, climbing - and work activities people need to chalk up their hands or wear tape or gloves for grip, purely to counter this crappy response from their body. I would imagine in a fight or flight situation, evolving humans needed grip much more than they needed a marginal amount of heat dissipation from their hands. submitted by /u/spacenegroes [link] [comments]

If we can train dogs from sniffing certain types of cancer, is it possible that we can train them in sniffing out viruses too such as Covid-19? Posted: 17 May 2020 07:10 AM PDT I know this is a stupid question and I know cancers and viruses are different. I just want to know what prevents us from training them to sniff out viruses since that could be an alternative for testing. Im just curious. submitted by /u/jecabells [link] [comments]

Why are scientists unsure about whether COVID-19 Antibodies cause long-term immunity? Posted: 17 May 2020 07:27 AM PDT Short question: I keep hearing the same point repeated over and over again. "Scientists don't know if antibodies protect you from reinfection." What exactly do scientists not know? Are they unsure of the B-Cell memory timeline? Do they doubt the antibodies ability to neutralize the virus? Or are they saying this out of an abundance of caution? ​ Longer question: I was a Molecular Biology Major in undergrad. I know some of the big concepts of immunology, but I don't know enough to talk with any authority. Based on what I know, I am going to lay out my theory about why scientists avoid answering this question. Can you please tell me where my theory is incorrect? ​ Essentially, my understanding is that IgM antibodies will give people long-term immunity. COVID does not mutate quickly because it has a RNA proofreading system (Source posted below). Therefore, We shouldn't worry about next year's COVID having different serotypes that our body won't recognize. The other questions is about B-Cell memory. How long will your body continue to produce antibodies? I know that B-cells for Lyme disease have a particularly short memory (less than 6 months). However, everything I've read online indicates that similar Corona viruses leave relatively long B-Cell memories. This article (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851497/) says that people infected with SARS had around 3 years of elevated IgG. But of course, after 3 years they should still have IgM antibodies, right? If reinfected, shouldn't they be able to replenish their IgG antibodies much faster than the original infection? In addition, even if COVID Antibodies last 3 years, that would give us plenty of time to develop a vaccine and provide people with booster shots. Am I missing something about B-Cell memory? I've also read articles that describe healthy people who get infected with COVID and die of a cytokine attacks (https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/how-does-coronavirus-kill-clinicians-trace-ferocious-rampage-through-body-brain-toes). In essence, a cytokine attack is when your immune system is kicked into overdrive. It starts killing off cells indiscriminately, including your own cells. This is what killed so many people during Spanish flu. Young people were at higher risk because they had a stronger immune system. Now, I don't know enough about cytokine storms to answer this question properly, but are scientists worried that the presence of antibodies could cause these attacks? If not, it seems that antibodies should keep one safe from the most serious effects of COVID. ​ My (non-expert) opinion is that scientists won't say that some people are immune out of an abundance of caution. I also think its political. If people know that getting infected leads to immunity, young people will purposely catch the virus. In addition, people with antibodies would be able to leave lockdown, creating more civil unrest. A nytimes opinion article (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/28/opinion/coronavirus-antibody-certificate-testing.html) talked about this issue. If people who are immune can return to work, the remaining people without antibodies will be at an economic disadvantage. Would employers ask for your COVID status? Could you lose a job based on whether you can safely return to work? By being ambiguous about whether antibodies keep someone safe, we are not forced to confront these more difficult political questions. ​ I'm interested in hearing your optinion! Remember, I'm not an expert, so take everything I say with a grain of salt. I am looking forward to hearing some expert opinions. ​ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21593585 (COVID RNA PROOFREADING) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851497/ (SARS antibody memory duration) https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/how-does-coronavirus-kill-clinicians-trace-ferocious-rampage-through-body-brain-toes (COVID Cytokine storms) https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/28/opinion/coronavirus-antibody-certificate-testing.html submitted by /u/Tactfulelectrons [link] [comments]

The flu virus mutates constantly. How are the vaccines made if the virus is constantly changing? Posted: 16 May 2020 03:11 PM PDT submitted by /u/ChopinPianist [link] [comments]

What were natural disasters like back in the age of dinosaurs? Posted: 17 May 2020 06:22 AM PDT submitted by /u/iTash9 [link] [comments]

With COVID-19 being so contagious and all of us isolating from each other, is COVID the most likely virus any of us will catch at this moment or are there still flu viruses out there that we’re just as likely to catch right now? Posted: 16 May 2020 09:24 PM PDT Are there statics to show this? As a random example, if you're showing general "flu-like" symptoms of having a virus, there's a 50% chance of it being COVID, 30% chance of it being the flu, etc.... submitted by /u/jfi224 [link] [comments]

When learning a new complex skill, like a second language or a music instrument, does the brain have to 'delete' things to make space for it? Posted: 16 May 2020 05:45 PM PDT A piano player needs a lot more finger control than an average person, so I suppose the place where this info is kept takes more space. Other less used functions, like moving your toes, that are stored near it sacrificed to make space? There's evidence that in blind people, the visual cortex is repurposed for language processing, but what happens if they gain vision through surgery? submitted by /u/NovelFondant [link] [comments]

what causes high-pressure weather systems in the atmosphere that eventually lead to heat waves? Posted: 17 May 2020 02:16 AM PDT submitted by /u/im_always [link] [comments]

Are fantastic dreams (that the person somewhat remembers) an indicator of creativity? Posted: 17 May 2020 02:05 AM PDT submitted by /u/justgivemesugar [link] [comments]

How can an object change its axis of rotation due to energy dissipation without violating conservation of angular momentum? Posted: 16 May 2020 05:03 PM PDT In this video by Veritasium (11:24), he claims that a liquid-filled cylinder spinning around an axis with the smallest moment of inertia will dissipate its rotational kinetic energy and eventually change its rotation towards spinning around the axis with the largest moment of inertia, which corresponds to the lowest energy state. However, as I understand, angular momentum is a vector and thus has a direction. If the object is initially spinning around a given axis, its angular momentum points in the direction of this axis (I think). How is it possible then that conservation of angular momentum holds if the axis of rotation has changed? There seems to be some flaw with my reasoning and I'd like to figure out what it is. submitted by /u/ciraodamassa [link] [comments]

Are oils containing mainly long chain fatty acids thicker in consistency than short chain fatty acids? Posted: 17 May 2020 01:26 AM PDT Hi, I can't find a clear answer to this. Maybe it's very obvious, but I need someone to confirm this; if a carrier or essential oil has long chain fatty acids mainly, is it thicker than a oil with mainly short chain fatty acids? Or this the long/medium/short chains have not effect on the thickness/consistency? Thanks! submitted by /u/Izzy9595 [link] [comments]

Can acetone or acetone-methanol be used as mobile phase for column chromatography? Posted: 17 May 2020 01:20 AM PDT submitted by /u/loversrep [link] [comments]

Are basic expressions of human emotion (happy, sad, scared, etc...) universal, or do they differ from culture to culture? Posted: 16 May 2020 09:27 PM PDT submitted by /u/SirLexalot8 [link] [comments]

Is it possible for prion diseases, specifically vCJD & CJD, to be transmitted by a used injections(needles/syringes) from a current sufferer or a silent carrier just like they are in blood transfusions? Posted: 16 May 2020 04:07 PM PDT And if the answer is yes, what are the odds of someone becoming infected by being injected with a used needle from someone with vCJD & CJD? submitted by /u/pinkgun305 [link] [comments]

are all mobile phases in chromatography solvent? And are all solvents considered mobile phase? Posted: 17 May 2020 12:13 AM PDT submitted by /u/loversrep [link] [comments]

Can we detect a Doppler shift (or "wobble") on the Sun from Jupiter's gravity? Posted: 16 May 2020 11:59 PM PDT Can Earth-based Doppler spectroscopy detect the effects of Jupiter's gravitational interaction with the Sun, similar to how it is used to search for extrasolar planets? I assumed that it could, but then it occurred to me that Jupiter's orbital period of ~12 years means that we would only have been able to observe two or three Jovian orbits since usable Doppler spectroscopy emerged in the mid-90s. What about gravitational perturbations caused by Saturn and the ice giants? Their longer orbital periods would certainly preclude their effects on the Sun from being directly observable thus far, right? Do we have sensitive enough equipment now to detect even the terrestrial planets' gravitational wobble effects on the Sun, given their shorter orbital periods (and despite their much smaller masses)? Or is the Sun just too bright from our relatively close proximity to it for us to observe a red/blue shift from the wobble that orbiting bodies cause? submitted by /u/ehrenzoner [link] [comments]

Is yeast necessary for the production of alcohol during decomposition? Or is alcohol just a consistent byproduct of decomposition? Posted: 16 May 2020 11:56 PM PDT submitted by /u/RembrandtCumberbatch [link] [comments]

Why did Saturn V have so many stages? Posted: 16 May 2020 11:15 PM PDT The Saturn V had three full stages, inter-stages, and then the Apollo spacecraft or other craft or similar on top. Why was it so complex? Or is it not actually as complex as I think? submitted by /u/Schadenfrueda [link] [comments]

When did freshwater life evolve? Posted: 16 May 2020 10:11 PM PDT Did freshwater life evolve shortly after marine life or did it evolve after life has transitioned to land? submitted by /u/mrpigpuncher [link] [comments]

How does hearing work in animals with good hearing? Posted: 16 May 2020 07:46 AM PDT I don't think being able to see well can really be a hindrance, and a super sensitive nose probably isn't a big deal either, but what about hearing? If an animal can hear really far/low volumes, does that mean everything at "normal" volume is deafening? Or is it not as simple as a simple multiplier being cranked up? submitted by /u/bedbugsex [link] [comments]

[Physics] are there any shapes of which they're drag coefficient is independant of dimensions or reynolds number? Posted: 16 May 2020 05:24 PM PDT Also if a shape is not independant of its dimensions, if it's possible to find the drag coefficient if I do not know the drag force but I do have the drag coefficient of the same shape but with different dimensions? submitted by /u/-Wofster [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

How would one be able to tell an antimatter explosion from a run of the mill normal nuclear detonation?

---

• How would one be able to tell an antimatter explosion from a run of the mill normal nuclear detonation?
• When a virus like Ebola kills its host before they can spread it to others, it helps lower the R0, but does there ever come a point where the R0 drops due to decreased population density resulting from deaths? If so, what determines the tipping point?
• How many diseases can we develop immunities for?
• When electricity is flowing, do electrons travel on top of a conductor or do they penetrate and flow inside?
• Can food products be damaged from being frozen at temperatures lower than the recommended -18 C (-112 F)?
• Why does the oxidation state of Fe in haemoglobin change when an oxygen coordinates onto it?
• What is the hard science on mask wearing?
• Can light come in anything other than a sine wave?
• Where/how are antibodies stored in the body?
• What causes immunity to disappear after some time?
• What is the pressure difference from the Heliosphere to interstellar medium?
• Why have humans not evolved to develop a more robust defence system against disease-causing microorganisms, even when they are one of the leading causes of human deaths?
• How is the mortality rate for COVID-19 calculated?

How would one be able to tell an antimatter explosion from a run of the mill normal nuclear detonation? Posted: 15 May 2020 06:38 PM PDT Suppose someone figures out how to make 3 grams of antimatter leaves it to explode. How would it differ from a normal nuclear bomb? What kind of radiation and how much of it would it release? How would we able to tell it came from an antimatter reaction? submitted by /u/Elrigoo [link] [comments]

When a virus like Ebola kills its host before they can spread it to others, it helps lower the R0, but does there ever come a point where the R0 drops due to decreased population density resulting from deaths? If so, what determines the tipping point? Posted: 16 May 2020 05:56 AM PDT submitted by /u/Mindless-Bowler [link] [comments]

How many diseases can we develop immunities for? Posted: 16 May 2020 02:47 AM PDT I know that our immune system can essentially "remember" certain types of diseases to respond rapidly to them. Is there a limit to the number of diseases we can develop an immunity for? submitted by /u/freshgrilled [link] [comments]

When electricity is flowing, do electrons travel on top of a conductor or do they penetrate and flow inside? Posted: 15 May 2020 08:29 PM PDT I do a lot of electrical work on cars and it's common to sometimes have to scratch a small portion of metal to remove any paint or rust when trying to find a good ground source. Got me wondering if electrons penetrate into the metal and that scratched part just acts as an "entry point" for them to get into. submitted by /u/anon52456 [link] [comments]

Can food products be damaged from being frozen at temperatures lower than the recommended -18 C (-112 F)? Posted: 16 May 2020 08:26 AM PDT submitted by /u/homofakarino [link] [comments]

Why does the oxidation state of Fe in haemoglobin change when an oxygen coordinates onto it? Posted: 16 May 2020 08:10 AM PDT This does not appear to be the case when ligands bind to other metals. Does carbon monoxide also oxidise iron from Fe2+ to Fe3+? What am I missing? submitted by /u/Antoni2000 [link] [comments]

What is the hard science on mask wearing? Posted: 16 May 2020 07:32 AM PDT From this post three months ago the consensus seems to be that wearing masks was not terribly useful. https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/eyvcrw/how_effective_are_surgical_masks_at_reducing_the/ It now seems that the consensus is that wearing masks should be the defacto standard. Sars cov 2 is not the first airborne virus we've had. Why has so little research been done in this area? submitted by /u/endless_sea_of_stars [link] [comments]

Can light come in anything other than a sine wave? Posted: 15 May 2020 05:39 PM PDT If not, can other waves be approximated? Such as a square wave... and if so... what would it look like to us? submitted by /u/bass1012dash [link] [comments]

Where/how are antibodies stored in the body? Posted: 15 May 2020 09:07 AM PDT Is the antibody just encoded into all bodily defense mechanisms, or are they stored somewhere until the specific type is needed and then produced at that time, or none of the above? submitted by /u/Toorelad [link] [comments]

What causes immunity to disappear after some time? Posted: 15 May 2020 11:06 AM PDT I often read that SARS-CoV-2 immunity may only last 1-2 years. How does that work? Also would a second exposure to the virus within that time frame "refresh" the immunity and extend it to another 2 years? submitted by /u/0x0ddba11 [link] [comments]

What is the pressure difference from the Heliosphere to interstellar medium? Posted: 15 May 2020 11:36 AM PDT I'm assuming that there's a lot more hydrogen and miscellaneous junk around the sun than outside the solar system, and for the lack of good resources or a way to phrase it to google, I just can't find an answer. submitted by /u/Unstopapple [link] [comments]

Why have humans not evolved to develop a more robust defence system against disease-causing microorganisms, even when they are one of the leading causes of human deaths? Posted: 15 May 2020 08:02 AM PDT submitted by /u/minhhale [link] [comments]

How is the mortality rate for COVID-19 calculated? Posted: 15 May 2020 08:56 AM PDT I've seen estimates of 1%-5%. Looking at the total deaths vs. total recoveries yields a much higher number. What other factors are considered in the calculation? submitted by /u/galadaia [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States