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Sunday, December 15, 2019

Is spent nuclear fuel more dangerous to handle than fresh nuclear fuel rods? if so why?

Is spent nuclear fuel more dangerous to handle than fresh nuclear fuel rods? if so why?


Is spent nuclear fuel more dangerous to handle than fresh nuclear fuel rods? if so why?

Posted: 15 Dec 2019 01:59 AM PST

i read a post saying you can hold nuclear fuel in your hand without getting a lethal dose of radiation but spent nuclear fuel rods are more dangerous

submitted by /u/hardnachopuppy
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What exactly causes vision loss in astronauts aboard the ISS?

Posted: 15 Dec 2019 03:20 AM PST

Interviews with Chris Hadfield describe what it is like going blind in space, and I've been fascinated by why space causes vision loss in astronauts. The inability to shed tears in space (requiring them to be wiped away) has always made me wonder what effect that might have on the anterior part of the eye.

A little digging around about vision loss in space showed theories that it could be down to increased levels of cerebrospinal fluid causing intracranial pressure. I thought it might be something to do with blood pressure, though the measurements of astronauts' blood pressure when returning from the ISS varied greatly; some astronauts had low blood pressure but high levels of CSF.

Some astronauts with vision loss were observed to have choroidal folding, this I know very little about as I'm a first year optometry student.

If anyone could shed some light on this I would be grateful. Thank you for your time.

submitted by /u/DNAmber
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How much heat does the earth lose to space?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 10:24 PM PST

I hear a lot about global warming and it got me thinking that the earth must naturally lose a lot of heat out into space over any given period, so how much are we losing?

submitted by /u/tjmaxal
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If we have short-sightedness when we are young, and develop long-sightedness when we grow old, is there a point when we have perfect eyesight, or is it possible to suffer from both short-sightedness and long-sightedness?

Posted: 15 Dec 2019 07:14 AM PST

What would the inside of sun look like to the human eye?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 12:41 PM PST

So yesterday I saw a documentary about the sun and how photons are created in the core of stars. When they are first created though, they have so much energy that are in the form of gamma and X rays, which aren't visible to the human eye. So if these photons don't become visible light until the outer layer of the sun, does that mean the inside of the sun would be invisible to us?

submitted by /u/S3xseaTurtle
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Is there a theory, that explains why daily/common activities are often described by irregular verbs?

Posted: 15 Dec 2019 05:31 AM PST

I have the feeling like most irregular verbs in most languages are those you use often on a daily basis, like "see" "want" "go", etc. I stumbled upon this because I learned/tried to learn new European languages. My first theory was, that it's because they all developed from the Indo-European language family. But then I looked into the irregular verbs in Japanese. And their only irregular verbs are "to come" and "to do"!

Sooo is there a theory that tries to explain this pattern?

submitted by /u/josebert_
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What are the genes in a plant that are responsible for the control of the chloroplast?

Posted: 15 Dec 2019 04:35 AM PST

Is taking revenge a natural instinct? And do animals also take revenge?

Posted: 15 Dec 2019 04:31 AM PST

Is the act of shrugging socially learned or biologically learned?

Posted: 15 Dec 2019 02:20 AM PST

I believe emotions are universal, as are the displays of them in most cases, but there are cultural differences of expression. Is shrugging a universal display of emotion, or is it culturally learned?

I asked this question in r/NoStupidQuestions and never got an answer.

submitted by /u/relk42
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If photons are electromagnetic radiation/the particles (bosons?) that transmit electromagnetic force, why don't magnetic and electric fields reflect/refract the way visible light does, even in different materials?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 07:46 PM PST

Also, is there a way to bounce magnetic field lines off of something like ripples in a pool or waves off a board?

submitted by /u/JackSartan
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Are there regions of space with many stars very close together?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 06:27 PM PST

Specifically I'm wondering if there are areas with hundreds of star systems within a few lights years of each other.

submitted by /u/IntentionalTexan
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Why we don't see solar emission lines when we put sunlight through a prism but a continuous spectrum?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 07:50 AM PST

When you put prism in the path of the sunlight you get a nice spectrum spread from red to violet (and beyond the visible part). Why do we get that spectrum? Why don't we see emission lines from hydrogen or helium? Where do other wavelengths come from? How do you "take out all those photons to see say He lines (how helium was first discovered)? I think I read somewhere you can sometimes see absorption lines from atmosphere gases, but why not original source bands? How does it work that we can determine composition of other stars or even exoplanets from their light if everything we get is "white"?

Sorry for lots of questions, it just popped in my head.

submitted by /u/Ishana92
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Does the Earth's atmosphere wear away from the suns rays? (and is there a time limit?)

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 06:30 PM PST

Basically, does the Sun wear away at the Earth's atmosphere in the same way the sun UV rays wears away the colors on a poster?

If so, is there a certain time limit of the atmosphere has to be worn out?

Furthermore, do we have a recorded history on the atmosphere's size and strength and able to see it's size/strength at its changes?

Thanks in advance

submitted by /u/wozmatic
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Would the Chicxulub impact have caused an earthquake or created earthquake like waves? If so how high would it have registered?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 04:49 PM PST

If a one strand of a double strand of DNA encodes a specific sequence which is mirrored on the other strand, why aren't two different proteins produced from the same sequence?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 12:47 PM PST

Why is the speed of heat conduction so different from the speed of sound in a solid material?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 04:04 PM PST

Both are about atoms/molecules bouncing against each other, so why does a sound wave travel so quickly through a solid while heat propagates so much slower?

submitted by /u/AcerbicMaelin
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How good is the memory of a scorpion?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 03:41 PM PST

What's past the cosmological horizon?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 07:34 AM PST

Do we know what's past the cosmological horizon in the un observable areas of the universe?

submitted by /u/Bigbro1996
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How do I tell the activity series is for anions, both polyatomic and not?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 01:23 PM PST

I have searched for one for hours if anyone has a list or something, that would be great.

submitted by /u/frozen_pebbles
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Why do female Reindeer grow antlers as well as the males? Why don't other Cervidae do this?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 01:07 PM PST

I am wondering about antler growth in female Reindeer as compared to other Cervidae, where it is mostly just the males who grow and regrow their antlers.
Often antler growth in other female Cervidae (ie. White Tailed Deer) is usually attributed to more testerone or some sort of "abnormality" but it is not percieved as abnormal for the female Reindeer.
Why is it more common for the female Reindeer? What causes their growth?
Thanks folks!

submitted by /u/trolle222
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When salt dissolved in water it is split into sodium and chloride ions; how come these ions than do not react as they normally do, ex/ sodium violently reacting with the water?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 12:41 PM PST

Is it because their valence shell configurations have changed?

submitted by /u/hoodie_lover
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Saturday, December 14, 2019

How do brazil nut trees absorb so much selenium from the soil?

How do brazil nut trees absorb so much selenium from the soil?


How do brazil nut trees absorb so much selenium from the soil?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 06:52 PM PST

Also how does Amazon rainforest soil have so much selenium?

submitted by /u/inquilinekea
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What is the difference between a hypernova and a super luminous supernova?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 03:17 PM PST

For some species of ant, like Army Ants, what determines whether they become a small worker, a large soldier, a male, or a queen? Is it random or do queen ants choose which profession ants will be when they lay the eggs?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 05:12 PM PST

What is the correct equation for the spherical harmonics representation of geopotential? NGA and Wikipedia show different equations (sine vs. cosine of latitude).

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 06:03 AM PST

The EGM2008 model's page on NGA's site uses P(cos(lat)) (PDF warning).

The Wikipedia pages on Geoid and Geopotential model both use P(sin(lat)).

Which one is correct?

submitted by /u/wickedmath
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Why is the range of the strong and weak nuclear interaction so small compared to the infinite ranges of the other two interactions?

Posted: 14 Dec 2019 02:02 AM PST

I've tried researching it a bit on my own, and it seems like it has something to do with the mass of the force carrying bosons, i just dont really understand how.

submitted by /u/KetchupStorm
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How can a black hole have charge if photons can't escape from it?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 08:53 AM PST

I asked before but had no takers, so figured I'd ask again. Photons are the force carriers of the EM force, of which charge is a part, right? So how can a BH have charge if this is the case? Unless somehow the charge is distributed on the surface of the BH, at or outside the EH, but that doesn't really make sense right?

submitted by /u/hvgotcodes
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An orange is a pomelo x mandarin hybrid. I have a pomelo and I have a mandarin. Can I get them to make an orange, and how?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 11:27 PM PST

Sodium chloride tastes salty to us. What would other sodium compounds taste like?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 05:11 PM PST

Why is the Axiom of Infinity required in mathematics? What is lost or becomes possible if it is not assumed?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 05:13 PM PST

As far as axioms go, it seems anti-intuitive to me. "infinity exists" seems not only NOT axiomatic, but impossible.

Like, the amount of numbers is infinite, but they don't exist the way physical reality exists. When you find infinite values in your calculations about the real world, either something is wrong with your theory or your measurement.

Is there something else that the Axiom of Infinity does that makes other normal math possible?

submitted by /u/FancyRedditAccount
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Is the second tied to a constant or can it changed under more precise measurement?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 08:05 PM PST

What is the current definition of a second?

How is it measured?

Could it change (be slightly faster or slower than our current second) under a more detailed measurement or have we made it a constant that cannot change?

submitted by /u/SHoDAN9000
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If air pressure never changes in the cabin of a passenger airplane, why do water bottles flex and expand?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 01:46 PM PST

What is the physiology behind tinnitus?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 09:55 AM PST

Hi r/askscience! I can't seem to find any information on this. Does anyone know why tinnitus occurs, not just its causes but underlying mechanisms? Are there any known treatments out there?

Technical or nontechnical explanations totally ok. Thanks!

submitted by /u/derby_kid
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Did Oumuamua and Borisov come from the same direction?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 05:23 AM PST

Is there any known way to detect plate tectonics on an exoplanet?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 08:07 AM PST

I am always amazed by what small clues can be picked up by radio telescopes, just been wondering if there is any way to detect this (even hypothetical).

submitted by /u/_Wahala_
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What Gives Boiled Over,"Burnt" Water Its Smell?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 08:54 PM PST

How does UV light kill bacteria?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 05:53 PM PST

Has there ever been a mountain range taller than the modern day Himalaya / Karakoram? If so, how does science know it was so tall?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 08:26 PM PST

How does turmeric react with alkaline substances?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 09:22 PM PST

Today I learned, through a hilarious series of mishaps at my job, that turmeric will turn red when mixed with acid (as in, the Comet powder one might use to clean up when one has spilled a large amount of turmeric powder on a white tile floor). We didn't have time to hunt down some alkaline stuff to throw on it to see if it reacted differently, but I'm now super curious if turmeric acts as a pH tester on both ends of the scale, or just the acidic side.

submitted by /u/opentheyear
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Friday, December 13, 2019

I have a theory: If there is an infinite amount of negative numbers and there is an infinite amount of positive numbers then the total amount of numbers would be odd. Because 0 is in the center. For every positive number there is an negative counterpart. Am I right? Can we prove this with math?

I have a theory: If there is an infinite amount of negative numbers and there is an infinite amount of positive numbers then the total amount of numbers would be odd. Because 0 is in the center. For every positive number there is an negative counterpart. Am I right? Can we prove this with math?


I have a theory: If there is an infinite amount of negative numbers and there is an infinite amount of positive numbers then the total amount of numbers would be odd. Because 0 is in the center. For every positive number there is an negative counterpart. Am I right? Can we prove this with math?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 11:05 PM PST

Do microplastics accumulate in human tissue (particularly the kidneys, and possibly even brain)?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 02:26 AM PST

When generating a bubble from the bottom of a fluid/gel filled chamber what defines the diameter of the bubble?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 02:42 AM PST

I am experimenting with generating various sized bubbles within gel filled chambers. The input is at the base of the chamber and have tried with a couple of different sized apertures at the same pressure. So far this hasn't necessarily generated consistent sized bubbles.

If anyone has further reading I could look at, I'd appreciate a point in the correct direction.

submitted by /u/WorldLighter
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How did Ole Christensen Rømer calculate the speed of light?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 11:33 PM PST

I understand that he used the orbit of io but I seriously don't get how it's orbit or precived orbit can change based on distance alone since the sun is constantly emitting light and all orbits are constant.

I could see how it could be calculated if the sun sent light in pulses, what am I missing?

submitted by /u/AntonioOSalazar
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Can mirrors amplify light?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 07:49 PM PST

Also could we use use a giant mirror to capture light from the sun, then use a bunch of mirrors in a certain way to amplify the light, and then just shine that light at a big solar panel?

submitted by /u/thelastdose
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Are classical mechanics (ie. conservation of momentum) sufficient to describe the collision of a neutron with a proton?

Posted: 13 Dec 2019 01:53 AM PST

I was thinking about how classical mechanics usually can't be used to describe the subatomic world, but was wondering if there were any exceptions, like the one i listed for example.

submitted by /u/KetchupStorm
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What was the first commercial device to use strong encryption?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 07:33 AM PST

Was it the AT&T TSD 3600? And is that why the NSA was so panicky in implementing the clipper chip into this device? Before this device were all commercial telecommunications open to being wire tapped by law enforcement agencies?

Sorry for all the questions, just trying to understand.

Thanks in advance.

submitted by /u/G0nad_
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I've always wondered, is it possible to look in a reflective surface and see someone but that someone can't see you in the same reflection?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 09:50 AM PST

I'm not an expert but I know that in a mirror for example reflection is in a straight angle. Or something like that. I'm putting this question because every time I take the train to go home late at night, the window it's a bit reflective and I can see people behind me. And the question is, can they see me looking at them through the same window?

submitted by /u/NicuManevra
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How are file copy or transfer functions on computers ensured to be perfect to the original file?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 09:30 AM PST

To elaborate, when a file is copied on a computer from one place to another (USB to Internal, or the internet), are the files copied perfectly and if so, how? There are so many components made by many different manufacturers, how is the 'chain of custody' ensured, and by what? The internet brings the abstraction of all the components to a way higher level, how are good transfers ensured there?

submitted by /u/GluteusMax
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Why is silver a better conductor than gold?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 10:02 AM PST

So I know for a fact that silver is better than gold at conducting but it isnt sitting right in my head as my current understanding is the gold should conduct more as It has more free electrons that can move and carry charge

submitted by /u/WAR-267
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Where does the oceanic crust created at the Mid-Antlantic Ridge subduct?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 09:59 AM PST

My basic understanding of plate tectonics says that oceanic crust is 'created' at the mid-oceanic ridges and then subducts under the continental crusts. But looking into things earlier I noticed that there doesn't seem to be a subduction zone along the continental landmasses either side of the Mid-Antlantic Ridge. So where does the oceanic crust go?

submitted by /u/ManualPancake
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Why are bound-bound cross sections greater than bound-free cross sections, and bound-free cross sections greater than the Thomson cross section (free-free)?

Posted: 12 Dec 2019 11:52 AM PST

I get the math but I don't understand physically why bb > bf > ff when it comes to cross sections. It's not like 3 > 2 either, difference is 27 or so orders of magnitude between bb and ff.

submitted by /u/olafwillocx
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Is eczema an allergy or autoimmune disorder?

Posted: 11 Dec 2019 05:05 PM PST

Or is it something else? What causes it?

submitted by /u/mcjc1997
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