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Friday, December 6, 2019

When a woman is pregnant does the baby follow the same sleeping patterns as the mother? Or can they have 2 separate sleeping patterns?

When a woman is pregnant does the baby follow the same sleeping patterns as the mother? Or can they have 2 separate sleeping patterns?


When a woman is pregnant does the baby follow the same sleeping patterns as the mother? Or can they have 2 separate sleeping patterns?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 05:11 PM PST

Why don't all cuts form scar tissue?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 06:33 PM PST

Why don't operating systems need to restart when installing a new program anymore?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 11:37 PM PST

Archaeology in space: does a star, alter the space it moves through in a way we can detect afterwards when the object is no longer occupying this space ?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 01:00 PM PST

If we were able to locate somehow a position in space that once was occupied by a star for a certain amount of time, will we be able to detect some long-lasting alternation caused by this star to this specific area in the universe ?

In other words: will future space archaeologists find some residu of an object long after it has disappeared ? Could we ever find the point of origing of supernova ? What kind of technology would we need to develop to find out ?

submitted by /u/Justmerightnowtoday
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When did the last common ancestor of the genera Capiscum (chilli pepper) and Piper (peppercorn) live? And is possible to estimate the probable geographical location of this ancestor?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 04:43 PM PST

What would the time difference between your watch and a clock on Earth if you were to be stationary relative to the center of the Milky Way?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 08:03 PM PST

When I place out the household recycling, what actually happens to the various plastic products? What process do they go through at the recycling plant and what is the final product they emerge as?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 11:40 AM PST

What are sterile neutrinos?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 12:07 PM PST

How did it come to be that so many breeds of dogs now exist in the world?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 01:02 PM PST

I'm curious about the history of dog breeds, especially what special traits smaller breeds have that allowed them to survive since their inception (i.e. was there once an entire island dominated by Chihuahuas, and if so, what strategic properties do they have that allowed them to survive in a world of much larger animals for so long?). We often think of human and canine geneology going back to the stone age, but I can't imagine a cave man hunting with a poodle.

submitted by /u/ministryofpropoganda
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Anyone able to answer questions about mass spectrometer?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 09:58 PM PST

A diagram I have seen for a mass spectrometer shows the vacuum hole right on the side. My questions are 1.) Can ions get sucked into the mass spectrometer vacuum hole at all? And 2.) how long does it take to fully create the vacuum as I would imagine getting the last few particles of air out takes some time?

submitted by /u/VallanRK
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Why is palladium a paramagnetic substance when its electron configuration is [Kr] d10 and it has no unpaired electrons in its valence shell?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 05:50 AM PST

Do humans produce electricity?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 05:58 AM PST

Do humans produce electricity? If we do how much? Is it enough to power anything like a lightbulb? I've seen answers from 200millivolts to 200volts

submitted by /u/Ztheg23
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how can scientists keep the temperatures inside of fusion generators under control?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 11:52 AM PST

how do scientists keep temperatures hotter than the core of stars under control? wouldn't the heat radiating off the plasma destroy the metal and everything around it? i understand they use magnets to keep it in a tight beam but how dose that stop the heat from radiating out from the plasma and destroying everything? i thought even heating a tip of a pencil to the temperature of the core of the sun would destroy everything in a 10 mile radius.

submitted by /u/pkingzzz
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What is the physiology behind sitcom's "get hit in the head, laugh standing upright, and then fall down?"

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 10:33 AM PST

I was hit on the temporal side of my head by a soccer ball one time. I remained standing upright and laughed with my friends, but a second later, i felt the weight of my head shift to the left, which caused me to fall down. I did not pass out.

I have seen this on various sitcoms. A person gets hit in the head with an object, they laugh for a second (standing upright), and then they promptly pass out.

I want to know how this delay in physiological response relates to our sense of balance, i.e. the vestibular apparatus, otoliths, utricle, etc., if at all.

submitted by /u/scienceteacher5150
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How, if at all, does barometric pressure affect local tides?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 08:24 AM PST

How to photons get turned into electrons inside Night Vision Devices?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 09:43 AM PST

In a set of NVDs, I know visible and infrared light get sent in through the lens and through a phosphor screen, then the photons are turned into electrons, bounced around in a series of tubes a few thousand times, then turned back into photons as visible light.

My question is, how does adding electricity to photons turn them into electrons and back?

submitted by /u/TehFrenchConnection
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Thursday, December 5, 2019

What causes hair to turn grey?

What causes hair to turn grey?


What causes hair to turn grey?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 02:44 PM PST

AskScience AMA Series: We are scientists who have just announced new discoveries from NASA's Parker Solar Probe mission to the Sun. Ask us anything!

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 04:00 AM PST

We have just announced the first results from Parker Solar Probe, NASA's mission to touch the Sun!

Parker Solar Probe has flown closer to the Sun than any spacecraft has gone before, and its data from this region has given us insight into how the Sun releases the solar wind, clouds of solar material, and powerful bursts of energetic particles. The spacecraft also sent new views of what the dust environment is like near the Sun. These findings are based on data from the spacecraft's first two orbits. With 21 more solar flybys scheduled, there's still much more to learn.

Ask us anything about what we've learned so far and what we're looking forward to studying next!

Joining us today at 2 p.m. ET (19 UT) are:

  • Nour Raouafi, Parker Solar Probe project scientist, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab
  • Rob Decker, Parker Solar Probe deputy project scientist, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab
  • Marc Pulupa, science operations lead for FIELDS instruments, University of California, Berkeley
  • Kelly Korreck, head of science operations for SWEAP instruments, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
  • Russ Howard, principal investigator for WISPR instruments, Naval Research Laboratory
submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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In an asymmetric encryption algorithm, can a private key be used to encrypt information with a known outcome to prove that a message came from a trusted source, or would this reveal how to decrypt all messages encrypted with the public key?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 03:45 AM PST

Are elements atomic numbers also a ranking of how common they are?

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 08:01 AM PST

So, for example, Hydrogen is the most common element in the universe, Helium is second... does that mean Potassium is the 19th most common element in the universe?

submitted by /u/MinimalPuebla
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When you apply oil to the skin, it is absorbed. Is this oil metabolized like normally ingested oil? In other words, can you get fat from a massage?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 04:01 PM PST

Why is there a shingles vaccine but not a herpes vaccine?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 05:25 PM PST

And if a herpes vaccine came out, could it help people already infected?

submitted by /u/Ginger_Libra
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What happens to the body (including mind) after years of sustained alcoholism?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 05:23 PM PST

Not asking for medical advice nor any other kind of substance abuse advice.

EDIT: conciseness

submitted by /u/amctaa
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In the context of the Ohio abortion bill, how is the reimplant of the embryo different than a surrogacy?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 04:33 PM PST

Sorry if I got any terminology wrong, it's not one of my strengths. Everyone keeps saying it's impossible to perform what the bill requires but it seems similar to how I imagine a surrogacy implantation in my head.

submitted by /u/fradigit
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In an non ideal transformer that has 1 to 1 primary to secondary ratio, is the power loss seen as reduced voltage on the secondary , reduced current or both equally reduced?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 08:47 PM PST

What percentage of the human genome is actually useful/expressed?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 01:50 PM PST

As I understand it, the human genome is the result of millions of years of random gene mutations. Some sequences of nucleotides in DNA get read and synthesized into proteins that act like machines and actually DO things to express that gene in the resulting organism, but if this is the result of randomness then there must be significant wasted real estate, so to speak. Sequences of nucleotides that try to build impossible or unstable proteins that immediately break down and do nothing, AKA garbage. How much of the genetic material is actually expressed?

submitted by /u/Vaati006
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How do I determine if a Fourier Transform graph is chaotic?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 11:04 PM PST

I understand that the graph will appear to not have any periodicity to it, I'm just trying to understand at what POINT can we say it has shifted from periodic to chaotic.

submitted by /u/Praying_Lotus
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Can you spin a container filled with water fast enough, to create a vacuum in the centre of the container?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 03:01 PM PST

How does lucid dreaming affect the activation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 03:26 AM PST

How did haemoglobin evolve? What was first, haemocyanin or haemoglobin?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 04:38 PM PST

Most invertebrates have haemocynanin which I understand uses copper instead of iron, but somewhere down the evolutionary line these two molecules had to diverge. How did this happen and if one came from the other, how?

submitted by /u/pterofactyl
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What is happening as a baby learns to talk? Specifically, what is happening in the brain and what is happening physically in the tongue/mouth/vocal chord area?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 01:11 PM PST

How do aircraft carriers stay so high above the water compared to smaller and much less massive ships?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 10:21 AM PST

Would an object burn up in the atmosphere if it fell straight down from a normal orbital height, only due to gravity (zero orbital velocity)?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 04:20 PM PST

See title.

If you dropped an object with zero orbital velocity from low earth orbit, would it burn up on reentry or would it not build up enough speed to create the heat when it hits the stratosphere?

submitted by /u/snowmunkey
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How are space elevators supposed to maintain their speed when transporting mass from earth to the orbit?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 10:34 AM PST

Because of newtons first law, the object that is being moved towards the counterweight would require horizontally (or rotational) effecting force in order to maintain it's route. I came into this conclusion because the counterweight orbits the anchored body and it should turn around the body faster than the body itself and applying vertical force to the climber doesn't cause it to gain horizontal (in this case rotational) speed. The speed required must be gained by slowing the counterweight which could lead to an imbalance and possibly break the whole system

If what I said was true, how are physicists planning to overcome the slowing caused by carried objects?

submitted by /u/Theodmaer
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Is the higher sea level during the Medieval Warm Period a result of melting glaciers?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 01:16 PM PST

In this video (at 4:10) the creator uses Pevensey Castle in the UK as an example of showing how sea levels change over a period of time and this is proof that the climate crisis is a hoax.

During the era of the castle it was surrounded by water, but today it's a mile away from the coast.

Looking at the map, I'd be lead to believe the reason for the difference is more natural (coastlines tend to change over time) than a result of melting glaciers. But I don't have the historical, geological know-how to back that up.

The video: https://youtu.be/-j0ykCVAQVM?t=250

Pevensey Castle https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pevensey_Castle

submitted by /u/Dustdown
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Do animals designed to live in snowy terrain have the same amount of night vision as tose in other environments?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 07:53 AM PST

I was looking outside and noticed that it was a lot brighter, which I attributed to the freshly fallen snow and how it might reflect light better. This led me to wonder if animals that lived on snowy environment needed the same kind of vision in the dark as those adapted to other terrain.

submitted by /u/SaltyFishSticksSal
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Are Apollo-type asteroids carbonaceous?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 11:22 AM PST

Was Cameroon the last home of the Western Black Rhino before its extinction?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 04:18 PM PST

Is it possible to get addicted to a placebo?

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 05:32 AM PST

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Can someone familiar with Oak Island explain why finding sea water beneath a small island is interesting or unusual?

Can someone familiar with Oak Island explain why finding sea water beneath a small island is interesting or unusual?


Can someone familiar with Oak Island explain why finding sea water beneath a small island is interesting or unusual?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 05:12 PM PST

I understand the concept of ground water. On Oak Island they continually make the distinction that when they dig deep enough sea water fills their bore holes. Is the presence of sea/salt water anomalous when digging on a small island that is surrounded by sea water?

Would typical geology be porous enough to allow salt water to flow/seep beneath the ground? It seems to me that this would not be a strange thing to encounter. But, I am not a geologist.

Not really looking for opinions on the show itself, but a serious answer regarding this specific feature.

Thanks!

submitted by /u/Hamm81
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Do Navy submariners experience effects like seasonal effectiveness disorder and if so what systems are in place to help it?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 04:23 PM PST

Does stomach acid have an effect on medications taken orally?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 04:59 PM PST

If i take an antacid before taking a medication ( for example: Vyvanse ), will it increase the absorption? I've heard taking a TUMS antacid would help with THC absorption, so I was wondering if it prevented stomach acids from burning up normal meds.

submitted by /u/ScoopsScoop
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Posted: 04 Dec 2019 07:08 AM PST

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

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Does low blood sugar have an effect on blood pressure?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 05:42 PM PST

I can't seem to find any information on this. I keep getting results like "eating less sugar can lower blood pressure! bwaaa!" It's very annoying. Not talking about any medical conditions.

I just want to know the effect of low blood sugar, specifically from not eating, on blood pressure.

submitted by /u/Throwmeawaybabt
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The Sahara experiences a shift from savannah to desert and then back again every 20K years or so. Due mainly to the tilt of our axis. Are there any other areas that experience a similar cycle? Are there regions in the Southern Hemisphere that will dry out when the Sahara gets wet again?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 08:12 AM PST

How does Uranium-238 decay to Lead-206, and why does that tell us the earth is 4.5 billion years old?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 08:19 PM PST

Due to a work conversation, I started to do research into how it was determined that the earth is 4.5 billion years old. I understand that it goes through 14 decays before it stabilizes as Lead-206. I understand how radioactive decay works. But it's not really my field, and I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around this.

What I've gathered so far is that there's a rock in Australia where they found both Uranium-238 and Lead-206, which tells us that the rock has been around for 4.5 billion years because the half life is 4.5 billion years.

This is where I'm stalled in my information gathering:

Why is some of the Uranium-238 still there? Why isn't that decayed?

Did they find the other decay states?

How do we know the Lead-206 came from Uranium-238 and didn't just exist there as Lead-206 or come from one of the other radioactive isotopes in the decay progression that has a much smaller half-life? Does Lead-206 and all other isotopes along the way only come from Uranium-238?

submitted by /u/eatthedamncakemeow
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How did scientists back in the olden age established the idea that atoms combine in fixed ratios?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 06:15 PM PST

How is feline leukemia contagious but human leukemia isnt?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 09:17 AM PST

I recently learned that feline leukemia is contagious but can't figure out what makes it contagious when the human version isnt.

submitted by /u/waterymilkshake
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Do we have activated B lymphocytes / plasma cells circulating in our body or do we only have naive ones?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 06:10 PM PST

If chernobyl has an exclusion zone where nobody can venture, how were remaining reactor cores (1-3) manned until their decomissioning in 2000?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 09:22 AM PST

Just saw the tv show and understood that close to 300,000 people were evacuated from surrounding areas. In that case, how were the remaining reactors run and manned until 2000? Also, who built the containment dome around reactor 4 if it is so unsafe to venture there?

submitted by /u/siren_37
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Are wolves in a pack siblings/mates?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 05:26 PM PST

So several questions, no need to answer them all in one sitting.

Do wolf packs lead to having incestuous relations within the pack?

Or do they breed outside of the pack and split up the offspring?

If so what other animals do this as well?

And finally, is this one of the reasons why wolves can't be domesticated the same way as dogs are?

Thanks in advance for the answers! :)

submitted by /u/datpersondere
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What if you accidentally drop a nuke?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 01:45 PM PST

Hey Science, so I can't find a straight forward answer on the internet but if we were transporting nukes on a plane and that plane goes down, is there a giant explosion or is it like a more scientific method of ignition that inhibits it blowing up. Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/MDCM
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Do stars normally complete a full rotation around a galaxy?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 01:21 PM PST

Is star life long enough to do so? If it depends upon the size of galaxy, please consider milkyway.

submitted by /u/M_Ali_Ifti
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Is it possible to identify biomarkers from a cell sample using gas chromatography (GC)?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 06:50 PM PST

I'm attempting to identify biomarkers present in mouse myoblasts after a particular intervention. My lab has a GC and I was wondering if the machine has the capacity to identify any potential markers or proteins present in a homogenized sample of my cells.

submitted by /u/mjakian
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How do mitochondria change their internal proton count to initiate electron chain transfer ?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 06:51 AM PST

Can someone explain the physics behind powders forming mounds?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 05:08 PM PST

Why is it that when you drop a handful of sand or salt on a surface, it forms a mound? Can someone describe the physics of what's happening?

submitted by /u/yupoqwert
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Can other primates get body odour?

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 04:56 PM PST

What does it mean that homosexuality is “just” partially influenced by genetics? How environment shapes sexual orientation(i.e. Homosexual/homophobic parents et cetera). (Of course I’m sorry if it sounds offensive, I’m genuinely interested)

Posted: 03 Dec 2019 01:49 AM PST