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Sunday, December 1, 2019

Do you weigh less at the equator because of centrifugal force?

Do you weigh less at the equator because of centrifugal force?

Do you weigh less at the equator because of centrifugal force?

Posted: 01 Dec 2019 02:14 AM PST

I am always confused be centrifugal and centripetal force. I am just going to state my thinking and help me point out the problem. At the equator your body is traveling fast in a circle and the inertia of your body makes you continue to move out-word, this is the centrifugal force. At the poles you are moving not at all or much slower in a circle so your inertia has less effect. With less out-word force the normal force, or your wieght, would have to compensate so you would weigh more. At the equator the centrifugal force lessons your weight ( not mass ) because it helps counteract gravity.

submitted by /u/HAMS-Sandwich
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Do animals sleepwalk like humans do?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 12:57 PM PST

Does this have a documented answer?

submitted by /u/lAPPYc
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Do (long lasting) lava pools make any scientific sense? Or sense, for that matter?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 01:09 PM PST

I have briefly recalled the game I played long ago, TES IV: Oblivion in which you get to enter demonic plains of said Oblivion. Those are always islands, surrounded by lava lakes, seas, also some smaller pools of lava on the exact islands.

Lava in the game is basically water, only it is scripted to damage you and obviously has a different texture. Otherwise you are free to swim in it as long as you can regenerate your hp fast enough. There are also plenty of other games where you experience exposed, long lasting lava pools.

Would that be possible on Earth? Wouldn't it just 'shell up' over time (upper layers got colder and toughen up)?

submitted by /u/ozbljud
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Does the consumption of high concentrations capsaicin interfere with our gastrointestinal microbiome?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 10:25 AM PST

In clinical settings capsaicin has been used as both an antibacterial and antiviral. What are the effects on our microbiota?

submitted by /u/TheRevSev
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How come Nuclear Pasta is the strongest material on the universe?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 04:42 AM PST

Can you pass/catch the flu virus to/from animals?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 09:36 AM PST

Just a month or so ago, my mom and my grandma both got the flu (I'm guessing?) It may have been a severe cold but it lasted for maybe a week to a week and a half. After they get better my cat catches, what seems like, the same thing. He has snot running down his nose, he's drooling bc he can't breathe through his nose, he's lethargic, and he even had a little cough here and there. Fast-forward a few days after he's better and now I have flu like symptoms? But my symptoms have lasted almost 2 weeks now, they're better but not over. Maybe I sound dumb but I didnt think animals could catch most of human viruses? At least I've never seen it happen before. Thanks in advance for any answers anyone may have!

submitted by /u/Ditto_Ditto_Ditto
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How is this ice formation created on the ground?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 12:41 PM PST

i.imgur.com/rLN8Fpr.jpg

Seems to occur on crust of mud, often where there's moss.

submitted by /u/emmazunz84
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Do environmental factors change the randomness in having a male/female in sexual reproduction?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 07:41 AM PST

Question may sound a bit convoluted. i learned that the chances of giving birth to a male or female in sexual reproduction is always exactly 50/50. there is absolutely no way to control those chances in nature. that sounds hard to believe that something so important in nature is so random...

say you have a population of an animal. there are very few females, so reproduction rates are low, and competition among the many more males is extremely fierce and high. maybe this goes on for generations, could anything happen to the chances of having a male/female? maybe somehow, the chances of having a female increase so the population can grow in numbers faster and to alleviate competition. so maybe now the chances of males to females is a 35/65% chance... CAN this happen, DOES it happen? if so, how?

submitted by /u/NowItsKevin
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What is the flux gathering factor?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 09:05 AM PST

Not sure if this is the right place to post this, but what is the flux gathering factor of a material or in a medium?

A google search only shows magnetic flux linkage - is that the same thing?

How would you calculate it in a medium subject to a uniform field?

Any help is appreciated.

submitted by /u/Raexyl
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Was The Far side of the Moon ever visible from Earth?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 11:53 PM PST

How would a graviton enact an interaction with a photon near a black hole?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 02:43 AM PST

So I was in class a couple of days ago and learned how the speed of information and causality is at c, (~300,000,000m/s). But I had a question regarding how photons would be pulled into a black holes event horizon if the speculated gravitons max speed is c. Say we have a relatively small black hole, and a photon is travelling near it, surely a graviton to enact an interaction between the photon and "attract" it to the black hole would have to catch up to the photon which would mean it travelling faster than c. And also, the information that there is a photon near the black hole would require time to be "processed", in which time surely the photon would already be outside of the black holes gravitational field, far before a graviton can be made aware of the photon to enact an interaction?

Thanks for responses in advance!

submitted by /u/JackTalle
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How do intestinal microflora adapt to dietary changes?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 11:48 AM PST

When a person changes their diet, like when trying to lose weight by shifting away from processed foods to more whole foods, how does that affect the populations of different bacteria in their digestive tract? How long does it take for the populations to adapt?

submitted by /u/soylentbleu
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Saturday, November 30, 2019

Why does choked flow happen and why it is related to the speed of sound ?

Why does choked flow happen and why it is related to the speed of sound ?

Why does choked flow happen and why it is related to the speed of sound ?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 05:51 AM PST

I'm diving into the venturi effect (example: rocket nozzles and chocked flow happening in the admission valve of a ICE) and it seems that when the gas approaches the speed of sound, the flow starts to choke. Why does this happen ?

submitted by /u/Tuareg99
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Why did old CRT TVs get some discoloration when you hold a magnet up to them?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 06:48 AM PST

And why dont modern led tvs do that.

submitted by /u/_Pretzel
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Is there any lunar crater contemporary (possibly or confirmed) to the Chicxulub crater (~ 66mya aka the 'dinosaur killer')?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 01:16 AM PST

Are trinary star systems possible?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 10:39 AM PST

Why aren't all spontaneous chemical reactions also instantaneous?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 02:57 AM PST

I am struggling to understand conceptually why spontaneous does not also mean that the reaction is instantaneous. If a reaction is energetically favorable then why doesn't it always proceed immediately?

submitted by /u/tg9871
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Why does chemical equilibrium exist at all? If an end product has a lower energy than a reactant, why don't we get 100% product yield all the time?

Posted: 30 Nov 2019 02:46 AM PST

What does it mean for a drug to be unchanged renally?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 05:31 PM PST

For example,

If drug X is 25% renally excreted unchanged and drug Y is 80%, what are the clinical implications and impact?

submitted by /u/MelGibsonisJesus
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Would a blood transfusion alter DNA?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 03:10 PM PST

I recently got a blood transfusion which brought me to this question. If I got a DNA test or left behind some blood at a crime scene or something (not that I have ). Could that be traced to me?

submitted by /u/ssshailyn
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Can synthetic diamonds be grown into any shape, or do they have to be cut into shape once they are fully formed?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 04:41 PM PST

Obviously most diamonds produced are just small, basic, geometric shapes. I'm wondering if it's possible to grow diamonds (through chemical vapour deposition I guess) into virtually any shape such as a long thin rod or even something hollow?

My understanding of how diamonds are lab grown is very limited but I guess this could be achieved by only directing the chemical vapour at a certain angle at one point on the pre-existing diamond, thereby making it grow in a specific direction.

submitted by /u/laurencembm
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Have we ever found any meteorites that originate from outside our Solar System? Would it possible to radiogenically date such samples?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 11:55 AM PST

How do telescopes for deep space messaging work?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 08:00 AM PST

Are telescopes who receive and who send messages the same thing? How does the sending part work?

I am writing an essay about active seti and didn't find anything about the technology site. Do you have any ressources or could explain it for me?

submitted by /u/AstronASMR
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Do bugs go to sleep at night? Or do some do and some don't? and is this the reason you don't see as many of certain types of bugs at night?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 10:57 PM PST

Are communism and fascism mutually exclusive?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 12:34 PM PST

Reading the Wikipedia page for fascism and communism (yeah, I know, unreliable), I realized it seems like there is no reason for a communist-fascist state to not be possible. Fascism and Leninism share the one party dictatorship, and with Trotskyism a strong military seems obligatory. And from what I gathered, fascism isn't opposed to state-owned economies.

A problem I found with this is that Marxism is quite opposed to an authoritarian state, which clashes with the fascist autocratic government and such.

What do you guys think? Is putting Communism and Fascism on opposite ends of the political spectrum wrong?

submitted by /u/WilliermoElDios
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How does anathesia work?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 11:03 PM PST

I know what it does and that its a science within itself but I can't for the life of me find how it does what it does.

It seems that its been measured, observed and trusted but no one seems to quite know how or why it works!

submitted by /u/pokey_bum_wannk
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Friday, November 29, 2019

Do we know why the inner planets of the solar system are all rocky compared to the outer planets which are all gas giants?

Do we know why the inner planets of the solar system are all rocky compared to the outer planets which are all gas giants?

Do we know why the inner planets of the solar system are all rocky compared to the outer planets which are all gas giants?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 02:29 AM PST

Humans can easily identify other humans using their faces alone, but we generally can't easily distinguish one member of a species from another by face alone (e.g. a lion from the others). Do animals have the same ability to recognize each other (same species) from face alone?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 06:49 AM PST

How does our body regulate white blood cell count?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 03:28 AM PST

It seems really good at ensuring it isn't over/under producing white blood cells so I was wondering how it achieves this. I tried googling this expecting a pretty straightforward answer but I can't find anything.

submitted by /u/grummybum
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If I were on a space station 2 light years away?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 11:21 PM PST

Ok, so basically say I, right now, was instantaneously teleported via some kind of magic to a space station 2 light years away. I have a telescope on this space station that is so powerful I can see people walking around on city streets in minute detail, would the planet I see be Earth in the year 2017?

And if so could I theoretically see myself walking around on the surface of planet back in 2017?

submitted by /u/PropheticVisionary
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When getting a brain scan, doctors will typically compare your results with a “normal” functioning brain. How did we decide how a “normal” brain is supposed to work and who did we use to measure this?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 11:24 PM PST

How can Ethylene carbonate be organic solvent for liquid eletrolytes?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 05:35 AM PST

In relation with Li-ion batteries EC and DC form solids at room temperature. additives or lithium salts increase their melting points?

submitted by /u/iiiiiiffy
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Why is lactose-negative bacteria are more likely to be the pathogen in fecal samples than lactose positive-bacteria?

Posted: 29 Nov 2019 01:23 AM PST

Before ~1850, did people know the effects of drinking while pregnant? Or were many children just born with fetal alcohol syndrome?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 12:02 PM PST

What is the 'darkest' place on the surface of the earth - in terms of light pollution?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 01:39 PM PST

(with the 'surface' part I just mean that it's a spot where the sky/universe can be seen, not like any cave or something like this)

submitted by /u/Ebenberg
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Does the size of an individual cell within a multicellular organism scale up or down with the size of the whole organism?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 10:11 PM PST

Like compare a human and an ant. Are our epithelial (skin) cells roughly the same size, and humans just have way more than ants, or are there about the same number of cells and human skin cells are just considerably bigger?

What about neuronal (brain) cells? Or blood cells?

How does the size of individual cells typically compare between the biggest organisms on the planet (like whales) and the smallest (like ants)?

Thanks!

submitted by /u/FortCollinsPornAlt
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Why does a pot of water that's been heating on a stove sometimes suddenly boil if it's moved even just a little bit on the burner?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 04:44 PM PST

How does streaming work?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 01:36 PM PST

Can somebody point me to a decent online course or YouTube videos or a textbook on this? I got off the technical track about the time streaming vids became easy, and now that I've cut the cord and am dealing with Roku and YouTubeTv with the discussions of compression, interlacing, upconverting, etc. I need to go back to school.

And if this isn't the right sub for this type of question, can you point to a better one? r/streaming is just gamers.

submitted by /u/p0rnflow
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Studying theatre, I've heard teachers talk about the long "E" phoneme sounding excited but tinny and irritating, or the long "O" phoneme sounding melancholy and solemn... is there any science behind the emotions that specific phonemes elicit? If so, what sounds match to what emotions?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 06:06 PM PST

What processes do vaccine manufactures use to make sure inactivated viruses are truly, 100% inactivated?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 11:24 AM PST

and what's the scientific/realistic probability that in the modern day, a tiny portion of a batch of vaccine may actually contain un-inactivated virus?

submitted by /u/PuppyPriest
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How does the lac repressor prevent transcription of the operon?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 09:34 AM PST

Does the repressor completely block binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter or does it only prevent the initiation of transcription?

I'm asking this because we talked about 2 experiments in class that seemed to contradict each other

One experiment used a run off transcription assay and found that a run-off product was generated, suggesting that RNAP was capable of binding to the promoter when the repressor was bound to the operator.

Another experiment used ChIP and concluded that RNAP could only bind to the promoter when the repressor was not bound to the operator.

I thought it might have to do with the fact that the operon has 3 operators (O1, O2, and O3) but im not sure. Sorry if the experiments are vague, i can describe them in more detail if needed.

submitted by /u/Interferon-Gamma
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How can one side of the brain do "all the work" after a Hemispherectomy?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 01:19 PM PST

I've been reading about hemispherectomies and I find the operation both fascinating and baffling. I understand that the brain can only adapt when it's done to children because they have a higher degree of neuroplasticity and that at an early age the brain can "rewire" itself and basically be a completely functional brain; what I don't understand is, how can the brain adapt to losing half of its neurons? I know that the number of neurons isn't the only relevant number and I assume that the number of synapses grows significantly in the remaining hemisphere, but it's baffling that the brain can adapt to such damage. Is the number of synapses that much more important?

The idea that the brain can function after losing 50% of it's matter also brings up a lot of questions I'd love to know the answer to. Is the brain simply not as efficient as it could be in normal people and that's why one half (that is I assume more efficient) can compensate so well? If so, is this the reason why there is a such an immense difference between people? Is the brain of a genius simply more like the remaining half of someone who went through a hemispherectomy? Are most brains simply stupid compared to what they could be if they reached their full potential?

I know that this is a loaded question and I assume that there isn't a definitive answer to most of my questions but I'd still love to hear more about the topic. Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/chairflunger
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How are our diaphragms able to function as both a voluntary and involuntary muscle?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 05:56 AM PST

From what I remember from biology 101, skeletal muscles are controllable but interior smooth muscles around our organs aren't. What type of muscle cells make up our diaphragms? How are the nerves that connect our brains to our diaphragms different than other organs and body parts?

submitted by /u/William_Wisenheimer
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How should "t-channel" fermions in feynman diagrams be interpreted?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 12:49 PM PST

So, in feynman diagrams, usually a fermion where the arrow points goes from left to right is a fermion, while if it goes from right to left, it is an antifermion, which is then interpreted as going backwards in time, as the x-axis is the axis of time.

But in many diagrams, you have a fermion line that goes vertically (examples: one diagram of compton scattering, neutral pion decay).

As I interpret it, this actually stands for a superposition of two diagrams - one where this line represents a fermion and one where it represents an antifermion. You would then have to sum over those two matrix elements. Is that a valid interpretation?

submitted by /u/PockSuppet123
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How does a computer know which 0s and 1s belong to a color vs a number representation?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 06:11 AM PST

For example:

I know that the binary system translates 0s and 1s to let's say the number 76. And this 76 is translated on to a map named unicode to translate it into a character.

Then there is RGB which is also regulated by 0s and 1s to represent any color you like on your computer screen.

But how does a computer distinguish these two?

submitted by /u/Smashball96
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If Genomic imprinting is the only thing that stops an egg from fusing with another egg, would this mean there is nothing to stop an egg from fusing with another egg in species that lack Genomic imprinting?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 05:41 AM PST

My questions are; 1) If Genomic imprinting is the only thing that stops an egg from fusing with another egg, would this mean there is nothing to stop an egg from fusing with another egg and forming a zygote in species that lack Genomic imprinting?

2) But if in species that lack Genomic imprinting, an egg can never fuse with another egg, that would mean Genomic imprinting is not the only reason an egg can not fuse with another egg, right?

3) Do species that lack Genomic imprinting have analogous processes similar to Genomic imprinting that have helped and help decipher the mechanisms of specific gene expression which stop an egg from fusing with another egg and forming a zygote? If yes, what are the names of these similar processes?

4) Hypothetically speaking, would an egg "fusing" with another egg mean this egg is "fertilizing" another egg? And is this "sexual reproduction"?

submitted by /u/Realistic_Abies
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How often do people actually use the stem cells that they have banked?

Posted: 27 Nov 2019 05:00 PM PST

I've heard of saving cord blood and the like and was curious how often people actually use it. I understand that it is only used when needed but is there a large percentage of the people who use their saved cells?

submitted by /u/psych_guy80
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Thursday, November 28, 2019

Is there a proof that the maximum value for the multiplication of a set of positive numbers of finite sum is achieved when the numbers are all "e"?

Is there a proof that the maximum value for the multiplication of a set of positive numbers of finite sum is achieved when the numbers are all "e"?

Is there a proof that the maximum value for the multiplication of a set of positive numbers of finite sum is achieved when the numbers are all "e"?

Posted: 27 Nov 2019 10:31 PM PST

I have noticed a curious numerical association, and I can not find a method to prove whether my assumption about it is correct or not.

(Please note that my background is engineering, not pure math, so my explanation might be a bit simplistic).

Given a positive number, "a", expressed as an arbitrary sum of smaller positive numbers: a = a(1) + a(2) + ... + a(n).

Let x = a(1) * a(2) * ... * a(n).

It appears that the value of x is maximized when a(1) = a(2) = ... = a(n) = e (as near as possible).

I have no idea why this should be, but I'd be interested to know if there is a mathematical proof of why it be as it seems to be...

Thanks!

submitted by /u/foodfighter
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After a nuclear detonation, why do rings appear sometimes around the mushroom cloud?

Posted: 28 Nov 2019 05:10 AM PST

How is data stored on Discs and other memory devices?

Posted: 27 Nov 2019 09:34 AM PST

Why do compounds that have partially filled d-orbitals usually form colored solutions when dissolved?

Posted: 27 Nov 2019 03:45 PM PST

Why do compounds that have partially filled d-orbital subshells tend to form colored solutions?

Are there certain properties that allow compounds with partially filled d subshells to emit more visible light, or am I thinking of it incorrectly? I assume it has to do something with energy levels and electrons, but I'm not entirely sure what.

Some examples are CoCl2 (Cobalt (II) Chloride) or KMnO4 (Potassium Permanganate).

submitted by /u/virtualakiko
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How do rebreathers work?

Posted: 27 Nov 2019 09:25 AM PST

Can you shoot electrons at photons to absorb [some portion of] the photon's energy?

Posted: 27 Nov 2019 05:51 PM PST

(I think the answer is yes, but I'm not sure - it's a lead in question to the following two, based on an assumed yes) Is there any configuration of combined state between these two particles that would produce some interesting results if you shot them at each other? What about with very high energy states (gamma rays)?

submitted by /u/bass1012dash
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Why do people get put in induced comas?

Posted: 27 Nov 2019 06:30 AM PST

What is the difference between being unconscious, and being, awake and resting, when your body is dealing with trauma and healing?

submitted by /u/Kizza178
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Why is regular/dark matter (w=0) said to slow down expansion? I thought the Friedman equations say that energy density, regardless of equation of state, cause expansion?

Posted: 27 Nov 2019 05:36 AM PST

I know that w=0 for matter leads to a shrinking energy density as the universe grows, and therefore the contribution to H from matter will shrink, but this is different from matter reducing the value of H. If more dirt was added to the universe, wouldn't the energy density and thus acceleration increase? Eventually the dirt would become spread out by the size of the universe and its contribution would tend toward 0, but never is this dirt slowing the expansion.

 

It sounds pedantic, but as I understand it a better description would be that: w=0 matter adds to expansion in a way that decreases with a and therefore time, and so in a matter dominated universe the expansion slows (but doesn't stop, see the a~t2/3 equation or whatever) due to a's increasing, not directly due to that matter. This makes a difference as when I was taught it, the reductive "dark matter slows expansion" statement misled me greatly.

 

Additionally, I know the H2 ~ density equation, but is there anything that says when solving for H we must take the positive square root for expansion and not the negative for shrinkage?

submitted by /u/DiamondGP
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How much do flies actually contribute to the distribution of pathogens, especially in places where diseases like dysentery are not really found?

Posted: 26 Nov 2019 02:38 PM PST
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