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Tuesday, November 5, 2019

If the Earth was a giant eyeball, how far would it be able to see into space? Would it outperform modern telescopes?

If the Earth was a giant eyeball, how far would it be able to see into space? Would it outperform modern telescopes?


If the Earth was a giant eyeball, how far would it be able to see into space? Would it outperform modern telescopes?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 08:59 PM PST

How do Saturn's rings spin in relation to the planet's spin?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 01:23 PM PST

Before they detonated the first atomic bomb, did they have a good idea of how big the explosion would be?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 11:50 PM PST

How is the temperature of the interstellar gas measured?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 09:18 PM PST

Isn't temperature related to the average kinetic energy of the particles in the gas? I'm imagining that in a near vacuum like in interstellar space it is pretty rare for two gas molecules to even collide with each other. Would that mean that the average velocity of a hydrogen atom would be dependent more on the relative velocity between our solar system and where ever that particle was coming from rather than getting its velocity from bouncing into other molecules in the cloud.

submitted by /u/canon_margin_stress
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Where is Voyager 2 in relation to Voyager 1, and in relation to the Earth? Toward which constellations did hey each head?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 11:31 PM PST

I'm trying to visualize their trajectories in relationship to each other, and the Earth. Is there a diagram available that would show their positions/trajectories in relationship to the solar system? Are they headed in opposite directions, or in relatively the same direction?

Would it be correct to presume that no other man-made objects are farther apart than Voyager 1 and 2 are from each other?

Thank you for any insight.

submitted by /u/remove_pants
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How do you convert a more million C degree plasma into electricity (ITER)?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 09:58 PM PST

After managing to stabilize and sustain the plasma at ITER, how will they convert the heat of stg that's more million Celsius into electricity?

submitted by /u/KmettyBalint
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Are there any planets found that have rings that spin perpendicular to its axis of rotation?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 10:57 PM PST

Why hasn’t a cooling equivalent of the microwave been invented for mass production?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 10:30 PM PST

I shouldn't have to wait a whole hour when my beer isn't cold enough goddamit

submitted by /u/rocketman1706
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Why is our sun so rare being a solitary star and how did it form without a companion?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 06:32 PM PST

I am currently taking an astronomy class at my college and my professor keeps saying that our sun is very rare why is that and did it have a companion billions of years ago?

submitted by /u/poop-partrol
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How far will be the distance of nearest star if earth was just a pixel?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 04:06 PM PST

Hello everyone,

I was wondering if there was an easier way to visualize the large distances in space. If we imagine that the earth is the size of the pixel, how far will then be Pluto? What about other planets in the Kuiper belt? How far will be the nearest star and these huge ice asteroids(Oort Cloud)?

Thank you a lot for your support.

submitted by /u/ZiyodaM
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According to an article from National Geographic, the interstellar medium is 54,000 Fahrenheit. Why haven't the two Voyager probes melted?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 01:43 PM PST

Inside black holes our downwards motion towards the singularity is unstoppable; outside black holes our forward march in time is just as impossible - are these facts two sides of the same coin?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 02:42 PM PST

Edit, correction: "outside black holes our forward march in time is just as unstoppable"

Follow up questions:

  1. If yes, then is the unstoppable downward motion inside of black holes also explained by the statement 'universal entropy must always increase'?

  2. If yes again, then how does thermodynamic entropy (which gives us the 'arrow of forward time') translate to giving us the 'arrow of downward motion' towards the singularity in a black hole?

submitted by /u/StanzinTheScribe
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Are there any ordinary, every day objects that could functions a mirror if we perceived a different range of light frequency?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 11:05 AM PST

I was looking at a mirror just now, thinking about how it's transparent to some light frequencies, but those are irrelevant for human purposes. Is there anything we regularly use which isn't reflective in the visible range but is in others? (physics flair bc I don't know what else it might be)

submitted by /u/zug_42
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Does the Coriolis Effect gradually reach its maximum at the poles?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 02:57 PM PST

I know it is 0 at the equator and maximum at the poles, but if you walk from the equator to the north pole, does it increase the most somewhere in the middle of your journey, then level off the closer you get to the pole? If yes, how far north is the increase maximum?

submitted by /u/dogfish83
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How does our body define and measure time?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 10:12 AM PST

I'm not talking about our biological clock or sleep rythms, I rather mean on a cellular or even molecular level. How do cells know when to change or reproduce? How does our hair know when to turn grey? How does our body know when to do things faster or slower?

I think I heard computers use the clockspeed of the processor to know when one second has passed, does our body (or even cells in general) have some kind of time-keeping-device?

submitted by /u/H1ghs3nb3rg
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Why/how does Venus have such a slow rotation?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 08:43 AM PST

Follow-up: there almost seems to be a positive correlation between a planet in our solar systems's distance from the sun and the speed of its axial rotation. Is this legitimate or imagined?

submitted by /u/Mr_Bankey
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Does the subject experiencing a stimulus has a role to play(brings a change) in the strength of the corresponding spike generated by the neurons?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 01:59 PM PST

In "Spike arrival times: A highly efficient coding scheme for neural networks" , THORPE points out that "It is a well known neurophysiological fact that the time taken for a neuron to reach its threshold for generating a spike depends on the strength of the stimulus - the stronger the stimulus, the faster the neuron depolarizes and the sooner it generates a spike." From this statement, which assertion would be correct?

A : regardless of the subject, it is only the strength measurement of the signal causing the stimulus that impacts how quickly the threshold is reached.

B : depending on the subject, the recognition of the signal "by" the subject (or lack thereof) causes an increase(or relative decrease) in the speed at which the threshold is reach and so for a signal of exactly the same strength the corresponding threshold to generate a spike varies depending on the subject.

C : It depends on the type of signal and the mechanism behind the neurophysiological encoding that is taking place that transduces the signal into a spike. (aka some thresholds are "hard-wired" into the encoding process and remain "as is" while others are modified by overlapping cognitive processes, for example the "urgency" of the response regarding a certain signal could change the threshold at which the spike is continued into a spike train)

submitted by /u/JimmyR42
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How was the Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge in China engineered to curve with the Earth?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 12:35 PM PST

What's the primary reason that Wankel rotary engines are not nearly as efficient as typical 4-stroke piston engines?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 03:52 PM PST

Monday, November 4, 2019

How did the British keep the fact that they broke the Enigma code secret?

How did the British keep the fact that they broke the Enigma code secret?


How did the British keep the fact that they broke the Enigma code secret?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 05:42 PM PST

What statistical formula's did the British and Allied forces use, if any, to decide to take action based on the German deciphered information?

This might get into game theory or statistics, but how could they be sure that the Germans would not 'get wise' and switch their code? How often could they change their behavior before it became suspicious?

P.S. I'm a new redditor and got on the site for askscience, so thanks and keep up the good work!

submitted by /u/Kindspiriter
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How do engineers prevent the thrust chamber on a large rocket from melting?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 06:49 AM PST

Rocket exhaust is hot enough to melt steel and many other materials. How is the thrust chamber of a rocket able to sustain this temperature for such long durations?

submitted by /u/DonoAE
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Why do cosmologists hypothesize the existence of unobservable matter or force(s) to fit standard model predictions instead of assuming that the standard model is, like classical mechanics, incomplete?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 03:41 AM PST

It seems as though popular explanations of concepts like dark matter and dark energy come in the form of "the best mathematical model we currently have to fit a set of observations, such as the cosmic background radiation and the apparent acceleration of inflation, imply that there must be far more matter and more energy than the matter and energy that we can observe, so we hypothesize the existence of various forms of dark matter and dark energy."

This kind of explanation seems baffling. I would think that if a model doesn't account for all of the observations, such as both CBR and acceleration and the observed amount of matter and energy in the universe, then the most obvious hypothesis would not be that there must be matter and energy we can't observe, but that the mathematical model must be inaccurate. In other fields, if a model doesn't account for observations using methods that were themselves used to construct the model, it is far more natural to think that this would tend to suggest that the model is wrong or incomplete rather than that the observations are wrong or incomplete.

There seems to be an implied rejoinder: the Standard Model of the universe is really accurate at mathematically formulating many observations and predicting many observations that were subsequently confirmed, and there is so far no better model, so we have reason to think that unobservable things implied by it actually exist unless someone can propose an even better mathematical model. This also seems baffling: why would the assumption be that reality conforms to a single consistent mathematical formulation discoverable by us or any mathematical formulation at all? Ordinarily we would think that math can represent idealized versions of the physical world but would not insist that the physical world conform itself to a mathematical model. For example, if we imagine handling a cylindrical container full of water, which we empty into vessel on the scale, if the weight of the of the water is less than that which would be predicted according to the interior measurements of the container and the cylinder volume equation, no one would think to look for 'light liquid,' they would just assume that the vessel wasn't a perfect cylinder, wasn't completely full of water, or for some other reason the equation they were using did not match the reality of the objects they were measuring.

So this is puzzling to me.

It is also sufficiently obvious a question that I assume physicists have a coherent answer to it which I just haven't heard (I also haven't this question posed, but I'm not a physicist so it wouldn't necessarily come up).

Could someone provide that answer or set of answers?

Thank you.

submitted by /u/critropolitan
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Big Bang: What evidence do we have for what happened "behind the wall", before what we can observe?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 06:00 AM PST

I understand that observing increased density further back in time, together with redshift of light, make up a valid foundation for the theory of expansion of the (visible) universe. However, we cannot see all the way back. As I understand it, it isn't even theoretically possible to obeserve anything from when our universe was to dense for light to propagate (exist?). We do in effect have a "wall" at the edge of the universe we cannot see through, and thus cannot observe all the way back, even with better technology.

So why do we interpolate the observed expansion of the observable universe all the way back to a point? Could it not be that it existed in some other larger states?

Bonus question. Not mandatory:): Do the main theories of big bang translate in any way over to the rest of the universe, outside the observable one? Could it be that other parts had size to them while our neighboorhood was infinitesimal?

submitted by /u/tittymilkcereal
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Why do flames coming out of a rocket engine get narrower?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 07:52 AM PST

Reference: https://i.redd.it/irpgqmm41hw31.png

The flames coming out of the rocket engine are clearly getting narrower as they move farther out.

It's this effect due to fluid mechanics (Bernoulli's law?) or is it due to plasma dynamics (something counterintuitive happening because of moving free charges in the plasma)? A combination? Or something different?

submitted by /u/OmnipotentEntity
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What is the difference in the lifespan of nuclear waste from Uranium vs Thorium?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 05:46 PM PST

I often see that nuclear waste has long lifespans, and this is a major drawback from nuclear energy. Is this true for both Uranium and Thorium?

submitted by /u/alexnf8
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Does the refractive index of water change as its acidity changes?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 04:31 AM PST

If energy can't be created or destroyed, then why do electrons continue spinning around the nucleus for billions of years?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 01:43 AM PST

I've been taught in school that energy can't be created or destroyed, only transformed. That brought up a question. How is it possible that electrons continue to spin for really long periods of time? Where is that energy coming from?

submitted by /u/sunsisxd
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Is calculating for computers as easy with large numbers as it is for small numbers?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 03:59 AM PST

How does the curved shape of a chopper's blade cause an increase in the speed of air passing above the blade than below it?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 08:15 PM PST

About airfoils, it's said that a wing's top is curved and its bottom is flat. Since its top is curved, air on top of a wing moves faster than air on bottom. This relates to Bernoulli's Principle.

I have never been able to understand this fact about airfoils, or to be more precise, I could never...errr... visualize it? How does an increase in surface area (i.e. curved rotor blades) cause an increase in speed of air passing over it?

I understand that this speed increase causes a pressure decrease due to Bernoulli's principle, but why exactly does the speed increase?

submitted by /u/roadbat
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How does one interpret phonon dispersion relations?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 03:14 PM PST

I am having trouble understanding this concept.

The frequency ω is plotted against the wave vector k, but how do I actually read it? Do I search for a frequency and look which modes are "(co)existing" at that frequency? Or do I pick a wave vector (a direction) and look which frequencies are allowed for these values of k? I can probably read it both ways, but where is cause and effect exactly?

Here's what I know: Let's assume a 2D case with a simple Brillouin Zone Γ-X-Y-Γ. The sections of the dispersion relation correspond to values of k, where Γ denotes the point where k is very small and the wavelength λ is very large. Traveling along the x-axis is basically like traversing the edges of the Brillouin Zone, covering all possible directions of the wave vector.

  1. Suppose, a dispersion branch for Γ-X has two possible frequencies. What is the "real world meaning" of that? Do both these modes exist at a certain excitation frequency?
  2. Now assume there are two different branches that occur at the same frequency inside Γ-X. Does that make it any different than case 1 where the same branch has one frequency twice?
  3. So for example, does Γ-X tell me the size of the wavelength propagating in that direction?
submitted by /u/ilikeplanesandcows
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Would it be a good idea to diversify a newborn child's microbiome as much as possible?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 07:42 PM PST

When a new child is born, im to understand that both parents should hold the child with their bare chest or at least get good skin to skin contact as to populate their microbiome with the parents bacteria and such.

Would it be a wise idea to have another two or three people who exhibit good health get in there just for the diversity it would offer? In particular, people who are not related to the parents, seeing as a parent or sibling of the parents would have a very similar biome.

Thanks for your help!

submitted by /u/codyfsw
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How do fish know where home is? Do they have a set place in the ocean they always come back to?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 07:12 AM PST

How do fish navigate the oceans, and how do they not get lost along their way? Do they have a place in the ocean they would call home and always come back to?

submitted by /u/Gregapher_
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Was the Boston Tea Party bad for the environment?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 08:24 PM PST

Based on a brief conversation held tonight. I know that tea was shipped as solid blocks in wooden boxes, at least for long distance travel. It's also my understanding that it was a HUGE shipment, like potentially years worth of tea. Finally, I know that tea is also slightly acidic, so altogether, I think there must have been some effect on the local marine flora and fauna. I know this has a lot of moving parts, so any bits of help would be greatly appreciated.

submitted by /u/Ursus99
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What exactly happens at the triple point of water?

Posted: 04 Nov 2019 12:04 AM PST

Whenever I try to learn more about the triple point of water, I often read that its a combination of pressure and temperature where a substance coexists as all 3 phases. But, I never understood what exactly happens at this triple point and why water changes between solid liquid and gas.

I've only found this video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MP6MVLWuNZQ) which sort of explains the coexistence of all 3 phases. Not that there is anything wrong with the video, but where can I find other explanations like this which may be more detailed and elaborate?

submitted by /u/ConcealedImages
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How do we know a certain sample size of humans is large enough?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 04:09 PM PST

How do scientists or researchers determine the sample size needed for a reliable study? I've seen posts with n=49 and can't see how that small sample size could be considered large enough to produce an accurate cross section of society.

submitted by /u/LeftRightShoot
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What causes the atmospheric phenomenon known as glory?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 12:05 PM PST

When scientists studying a certain species of migrating birds, how do they count or estimate the number of the birds?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 06:00 PM PST

What is the method that they usually use, thank you

submitted by /u/TriticumAestivum
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How do astronauts stay grounded in space?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 09:48 AM PST

Since low earth orbit is charged with plasma, what's keeping astronauts protected from a charge differential in their environment to keep them from getting electrocuted?

submitted by /u/Twitchy4life
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When an animal has died, they start to bloat due to bacteria in it producing gases. What prevents this from happening in a living animal?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 10:19 AM PST

How does the body make sure that the bacteria can't start digesting the intestine from the inside out when we're still alive?

submitted by /u/Bastiproton
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Does a water/ethanol mixture in a pressure cooker release relatively more ethanol with steam release? Is the maximum pressure reduced?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 10:33 PM PDT

This discussion gave rise to the question how a reasonable mixture of ethanol and water (say 1:9) would behave if cooked in a pressure cooker. While ethanol boils at a lower temperature than water, a pressure cooker usually reaches a much higher temperature than both liquids' boiling point. On the other hand, ethanol has a higher vapour pressure, so it should reduce the maximum temperature that can be achieved before the valve opens. How would the mixture behave? Would it release mostly ethanol?

Is there maybe an easy formula/rule of thumb with which the composition and release temperature of an (initial) ethanol/water mixture can be predicted (given a certain maximum pressure)?

edit: Sigh, I misspoke in the title, it should read "Is the maximum temperature reduced?"

submitted by /u/meshugga
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How long after eating something do our bodies gain weight?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 02:16 PM PST

If I had a stable diet which never changed and a stable work and exercise plan which help me maintain my body size, the I go on a 3 day binge, eating fatty fried food, drinking loads of sugary drinks and alcohol, I refuse to leave my couch and spend the rest of my time sleeping and snacking(day around Christmas), then I go right back to my normal routine. When would I expect to see the fat start to appear on my body?

I recently indulged for a few days then went back to work and felt completely bloated and uncomfortable, and a more polite coworker said I looked fatter. So just 48 hours later my body had noticeably changed.

Is there a finite way of knowing how fast our bodies turn excess fat and calories into fat on our bodies, or is it a bit too vague to tell without testing a person.

submitted by /u/PuffTheMightyDragons
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Are Nuclides and Isotopes the same thing?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 06:51 PM PST

What's the difference between a neutrino and anti neutrino?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 12:45 PM PST

I know quarks and antiquarks, electrons and positrons have opposite charges. What makes neutrinos antimatter self distinguishable?

submitted by /u/SkillSaga
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Sunday, November 3, 2019

What is the base of a mountain?

What is the base of a mountain?


What is the base of a mountain?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 11:34 AM PDT

The Wikipedia article on mountains says the following:

  1. "The highest mountain on Earth is Mount Everest"
  2. "The bases of mountain islands are below sea level [...] Mauna Kea [...] is the world's tallest mountain..."
  3. "The highest known mountain on any planet in the Solar System is Olympus Mons on Mars..."

What is the base of a mountain and where is it? Are the bases of all mountains level at 0m? What about Mauna Kea? What is the equivalent level for mountains on other planets and on moons? What do you call the region or volume between the base and peak?

submitted by /u/miscalibrated
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How does general anesthesia render you unconscious?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 11:06 PM PDT

I've been trying to find an answer to this question but the explanations online range from "nobody knows" to "quantum vibrations in microtubules" and none of it seems to make much sense. What does the anesthetic actually do in the brain to affect consciousness?

submitted by /u/throwaway673246
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When Ice Melts Does It Increase The Water Level?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 02:52 AM PST

I'm curious. If an iceberg (fresh water) melts does the level of the body of water its in (salt water) rise at all? Basically what I mean is since part of an iceberg is above the water line shouldn't more volume be added to the surrounding water as it melts or is the volume of water it displaces going to be exactly the same? Also for example let's say I take a half submerged ball in a kiddy pool and I press down on it. The water rises correct?

submitted by /u/Erick726
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Why is it (presumably) more efficient to make orbital adjustments at apogee and perigee then another points in an orbit?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 03:14 AM PST

I read something somewhere that implied this. Can anyone explain the science?

submitted by /u/perryurban
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How are the compositions of Asteroids determined?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 04:03 PM PDT

I know a little about asteroids, like how we use "spectography" in order to say what an asteroid is made of.

I'm curious how this process actually works. How does seeing the color and wavelength let us determine what the asteroid is made of? Also, isn't this essentially just telling us what is on the outside? How could we know what is inside the asteroid? Surely an asteroid is not simply a homogeneous mass of the same mineral.

submitted by /u/genericQuery
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How does the brain tell the heart to beat?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 11:14 PM PDT

I just saw a clip on r/medizzy where a heart is shocked back into the correct rhythm during surgery. My question is, how does the heart know to beat? I know that the brain controls all of this but how is that info sent to the heart? I would guess that nerves might have something to do with it but I am the farthest thing from a doctor (industrial refrigeration operator) so searching google gives me explanations that I cannot comprehend at all. I hope the question is understandable because I'm having a hard time explaining what I don't know.

submitted by /u/Drugslikeme
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Could particle interactions generate very weak, microscopic gravitational waves?

Posted: 03 Nov 2019 01:55 AM PDT

Obviously we'd have no way of detecting them since we can only just detect large scale gravitational waves. However, is it possible that insanely small gravitational waves are constantly generated all around us from particles passing eachother, etc?

submitted by /u/prestigeworldwyd
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Do tall people have more vertebrae? Or just longer bones?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 04:29 PM PDT

How do tablets get dispersed into our body?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 06:25 PM PDT

So tablets that require oral ingestion. We swallow, they hit our stomach and dissolve and go into the blood stream but actually how? Surely our stomach acid would melt everything down before it can be useful especially in such tiny pills etc so how does it actually work?

submitted by /u/ajperry1995
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If the universe is infinite, does it still qualify as a closed system with regards to the 2nd law of thermodynamics?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 03:26 PM PDT

I haven't heard anything about this so I assume the answer is yes. Once we knew there wouldn't be a Big Crunch, everything I've read says there will eventually be a heat death.

submitted by /u/Nanite77
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What exactly happens when a dvd is microwaved?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 01:29 PM PDT

Why does biological matter make good fertilizer?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 12:09 PM PDT

Now hear me out. I'm not stupid. I really love learning and I know that when biological matter, like feces, breaks down, it releases alot of chemicals and elements that are good for plants. I also know that most, if not all, life on Earth need these chemicals and stuff to survive.

My question is why? Why are these chemicals released by our waste and why are they so good for plants and things?

Basically, I know they need them, but I don't quite understand the exact reasoning.

submitted by /u/Classy_Maggot
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Why do weather reports use relative humidity instead of absolute humidity?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 07:21 AM PDT

100% humidity on a hot summer day feels clammy and unpleasant. 100% humidity on a cold winter morning is fine - the air is saturated, but because it's cold it can't hold much moisture. So why not report the absolute amount of moisture in the air? This is what people already understand humidity to mean.

submitted by /u/indistrait
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Why do animal cells die without oxygen?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 12:52 PM PDT

Do immune cells circulate in and out of the brain?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 12:25 PM PDT

Do immune cells circulate in and out of the brain? Or, do they only cross the blood-brain barrier during an injury? I've been looking around for an answer but can't seem to find one.

submitted by /u/ubt1082
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Why does 2nd harmonic (1st overtone) spike when a piano is played while the 5th harmonic spike (4th overtone) when a guitar is played?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 08:10 AM PDT

I was watching a video about why instruments sound different when in the video it was mentioned that the 2nd harmonic spikes when a piano is played while the 5th harmonic spikes when a guitar is played. It was never said why this is and I wondered if my fellow science loving redditors could figure out why.

submitted by /u/isakmybrother
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What is the difference between sound level and sound intensity?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 09:42 AM PDT

How did every planet become so perfectly round?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 09:14 AM PDT

How often does acid rain occur?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 03:08 PM PDT

How do Space Probes travel differently?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 06:43 AM PDT

What is the mechanism behind Space Probes like Voyager 1 being sent to fly-by the planets and off out into interstellar, compared with probes with Cassini which are meant to be captured in a planet's orbit to study that specific planet?

Are they sent at different velocities or are they sent on a trajectory closer to the planet in order to be captured by its gravity?

Apologies for the inane questions.

submitted by /u/burningmuscles
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Why do some people develop reactive arthritis after infection?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 02:08 PM PDT

Some people will have an autoimmune reactive arthritis triggered by certain infections. Why are some people prone to this autoimmune reaction while most are not? Are these individuals also prone to other types of autoimmune diseases?

submitted by /u/Desperate4answers1
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What happens to artificial sweetners after we ingest them?

Posted: 02 Nov 2019 01:38 AM PDT

Regular sugars can be broken down into glucose for example and participate in many metabolic processes in the body which yield energy or it can be stored as fat or glycogen, but manufacturers of artificial sweetners boast that their product is "zero calorie." Does this mean that artificial sweetners are simply never absorbed into the bloodstream? How physiologically or chemically can an artifical sweetener avoid winding up as a potentially unhealthy product like LDL, TAG or glycogen?

submitted by /u/lolwtftheyrealltaken
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