AskScience AMA Series: Experts are warning that measles are becoming a global public health crises. We are a vaccinologist, a pediatrician and a primary care physician. Ask us anything!

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• AskScience AMA Series: Experts are warning that measles are becoming a global public health crises. We are a vaccinologist, a pediatrician and a primary care physician. Ask us anything!
• Why is the heat capacity of liquid water so much higher than its solid and gaseous forms?
• AskScience AMA Series: We're a team of researchers from St. Michael's Hospital, and Peel Regional Paramedic Services in Toronto, Ontario, Canada who specialize in Cardiovascular Health and Resuscitation.
• How are protons and neutrons arranged within the nucleus?
• If light always moves at the same speed in a vacuum, does that mean we can use it to find a stationary point in the universe?
• Imagine that eventually humanity sets out to colonize the universe at near light speed. How much of the universe could they reach before it is too far to catch due to the expansion of space?
• Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science
• What's the Role of the Northbridge Chip to Access Memory in Modern PCs?
• Transmitting complex software trough radio?
• Why does the ACL seem to tear so often compared to the PCL?
• Do the frequency of earthquakes in a particular area or along a particular fault increase the chance of a larger earthquake happening near-term?
• What would the universe be like if gravity was a repulsive force rather than an attractive one?
• Is there a physical limit to the level of detail that can be resolved by a telescope?

AskScience AMA Series: Experts are warning that measles are becoming a global public health crises. We are a vaccinologist, a pediatrician and a primary care physician. Ask us anything! Posted: 16 Oct 2019 04:00 AM PDT Measles is one of the most contagious diseases known to doctors. It spreads through the air. Particles of virus can float for up to 2 hours after an infected person passes through a room. People are contagious for 4 days before they have a rash and about 4 days after they get the rash. Because it's so easy to catch, about 95% of a population has to be vaccinated against the measles to stop it from spreading. In 2017, the latest year for which data are available, only 91.5% of toddlers in the U.S. were vaccinated, according to the CDC. The number of cases of measles reported during 2019 is the largest number since 1992. The effectiveness of one dose of measles vaccine is about 93% while after the two recommended doses it is 97%. More on Walter A. Orenstein, MD: http://vaccines.emory.edu/faculty-evc/primary-faculty/orenstein_walter.html More on Hansa Bhargava, MD: https://www.webmd.com/hansa-bhargava More on Neha Pathak, MD: https://www.webmd.com/neha-pathak-md We will be on at 12pm ET (16 UT), ask us anything! submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

Why is the heat capacity of liquid water so much higher than its solid and gaseous forms? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 04:13 PM PDT I am taking AP Chemistry this year, and we're currently studying thermochemistry. During a lecture where we went over the parts of a heating curve, I noticed that the Cp of liquid water (4.18 joules per grams celsius) was significantly higher than the Cp of its solid and gaseous states(both are close to 2 joules per grams celsius). I asked my teacher why this was, but she didn't have an answer. Why is this the case? Does it have something to do with hydrogen bonding? I get that water is a special case because it has some weird properties, but why specifically? Any help in answering this question is greatly appreciated! submitted by /u/_Dantallica_ [link] [comments]

AskScience AMA Series: We're a team of researchers from St. Michael's Hospital, and Peel Regional Paramedic Services in Toronto, Ontario, Canada who specialize in Cardiovascular Health and Resuscitation. Posted: 16 Oct 2019 04:00 AM PDT Today is International Restart-a-Heart Day (https://www.ilcor.org/world-restart-a-heart-2019/) and we're here to answer questions you may have about CPR, using an AED, and heart health! Every year in North America there are over 400,000 sudden cardiac arrests. Early CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) and the use of an AED (Automated External Defibrillator) can significantly increase the chance of survival. Learn CPR in less than 90 seconds! (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mI6FweqA_7U) Learn how to use an AED in less than 90 seconds! (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DkVRqpQbQCY) On the AMA today are: Dr. Katherine Allan, Research Associate at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Dr. Paul Dorian, Staff Cardiac Electrophysiologist at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Paul Snobelen, Community Resuscitation Specialist at Peel Regional Paramedic Service (Greater Toronto Area) Tiffany Jefkins, Clinical Research Specialist (Resuscitation), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto We'll be on around noon ET (16 UT). Go ahead, and Ask Us Anything! submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

How are protons and neutrons arranged within the nucleus? Posted: 16 Oct 2019 01:01 AM PDT Are there different lattices as with atoms? Is there only a single stable configuration? How do additional neutrons (isotopes) affect the arrangement? submitted by /u/22Maxx [link] [comments]

If light always moves at the same speed in a vacuum, does that mean we can use it to find a stationary point in the universe? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 08:49 PM PDT Say light is coming at you from the front at 1.1 light speed, and from the rear at 0.9 light speed. Would that mean you are moving away from a stationary point in the universe at 0.1 light speed? Is this a method used? If not, what ways do scientists do it? submitted by /u/BubblesAndSuch [link] [comments]

Imagine that eventually humanity sets out to colonize the universe at near light speed. How much of the universe could they reach before it is too far to catch due to the expansion of space? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 09:34 PM PDT Assuming that the time it takes for humanity to develop near light speed travel and set out to colonize is negligible on the cosmic scale, how much could we actually reach? Would it be comparable to the observable universe or much smaller? submitted by /u/ImaginaryPenny [link] [comments]

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Posted: 16 Oct 2019 08:09 AM PDT Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]

What's the Role of the Northbridge Chip to Access Memory in Modern PCs? Posted: 16 Oct 2019 01:26 AM PDT I'm familiar with building computers using a system bus: connecting data, address and control buses directly to all the components in a motherboard. I can see how the Southbridge brings something to the table, by providing a standard clock and common bus independent of different CPUs, but what does the Northbridge do? Isn't it slow/problematic to put something between CPU and memory, the two most important components on a computer? submitted by /u/mvaliente2001 [link] [comments]

Transmitting complex software trough radio? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 06:37 PM PDT Recently I've read an article about how people in Poland transmitted simple software trough radio in the 1980's; you would tune into a certain frequency and write the pulses into a clean tape. Then, you could load it into the computer and play the game or software transmitted to you. Would this be a practical way of downloading and sharing information today? Would it be even possible? submitted by /u/terectec [link] [comments]

Why does the ACL seem to tear so often compared to the PCL? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 03:39 PM PDT It seems like 90% of knee injuries I hear about is a torn ACL. The PCL is literally right next to it, and it's hardly ever mentioned.... Why is that? submitted by /u/goagod [link] [comments]

Do the frequency of earthquakes in a particular area or along a particular fault increase the chance of a larger earthquake happening near-term? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 04:42 PM PDT These Nor Cal earthquakes the last two weeks (and in the last 12 hours) have me a bit on edge. Thanks! submitted by /u/NoFreeRefill [link] [comments]

What would the universe be like if gravity was a repulsive force rather than an attractive one? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 08:54 PM PDT As in, what would the effect be if gravity was F = - G*m1*m2/r^2 in Newtonian terms submitted by /u/epicshilohdog [link] [comments]

Is there a physical limit to the level of detail that can be resolved by a telescope? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 01:25 AM PDT To speak in more concrete terms - is there any physical law preventing one from building a device allowing them to count the skin cells on a persons nose from of light-years away? submitted by /u/spinfip [link] [comments]

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Does the concept of Altitude exist in space?

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• Does the concept of Altitude exist in space?
• AskScience AMA Series: We are scientists who study how songbirds learn to sing, ask us anything!
• How fast do earthquake waves travel?
• When did Neanderthals leave Africa vs earliest humans?
• How does one “control for age, income, “ etc in a study? What does someone need to do with the data?
• Does Einstein's equation m=e/c squared not violate the conservation of mass?
• How do galaxies stay together/what’s holding them together?
• How do deciduous trees know when to drop their leaves? What would happen to them if winter never came?
• Why does a long balloon, if partially inflated, sometimes inflate in sections instead of inflating the whole balloon?
• If you pushed a balloon far enough underwater would the air inside compress to a density where the bouyant forces neutralise?
• Do animals in the wild suffer from constipation?
• How does shaving cream actually work?
• How do antennas transmit electromagnetic waves, and how do those waves propagate?
• Can a person sense light if he/she is asleep?
• How is it possible that negative heat capacities exist, and what do they mean physically?
• Water supply on islands without freshwater lens?
• On the molecular level, what is a fold/crease and why do they seem to have a "memory"? (E.g. folded Paper/Fabric)
• How are some medications multipurpose? For example how can one medicine function as an antidepressant in some doses or a sleeping aid in others (Example Amitriptyline)?
• Did plants cross the Bering straight?
• How can light be always at a constant speed but still be influenced by gravity?
• In all the observable universe, are there any astronomic objects moving at significant fractions of the speed of light?
• Can a difference in air pressure change amplitude of sound?

Does the concept of Altitude exist in space? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 01:49 AM PDT Is there an "above" or "below" in space or do all objects exist on the same plane? To be more precise, does the equator of all objects exist on the same plane? Edit: Thank you for the Gold, wonderful stranger. It's my first. submitted by /u/thehariharan [link] [comments]

AskScience AMA Series: We are scientists who study how songbirds learn to sing, ask us anything! Posted: 15 Oct 2019 04:00 AM PDT We are scientists who study how songbirds learn to sing, and we recently published a study in which we incepted memories of songs into birds using a technique called optogenetics. This led the birds to learn a song that we programmed but that they never actually heard. This paper has been receiving quite a lot of attention and we would love to address people's questions about this technique and the paper's implications. Here is the paper: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6461/83. Joining us today are Dr. Maaya Ikeda, Therese Koch, Harshida Pancholi, and Dr. Massimo Trusel. They will be available from 3:00-5:00pm CDT (4-6 ET, 20-22 UT), ask them anything! submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

How fast do earthquake waves travel? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 09:00 AM PDT submitted by /u/lfgeeeeee [link] [comments]

When did Neanderthals leave Africa vs earliest humans? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 10:42 AM PDT I cant find a straight answer to this. All I find is 200,000 years ago but not separate times for each. Neanderthals had to have left Africa before homo sapiens as people of purely African descent have no Neanderthal DNA, only Europeans and Asian and those who are descendants of them. submitted by /u/Anecphya [link] [comments]

How does one “control for age, income, “ etc in a study? What does someone need to do with the data? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 04:44 AM PDT submitted by /u/LeChatParle [link] [comments]

Does Einstein's equation m=e/c squared not violate the conservation of mass? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 09:20 AM PDT Does energy like gravitational potential energy really add mass to the object? submitted by /u/chazskellon [link] [comments]

How do galaxies stay together/what’s holding them together? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 06:28 AM PDT submitted by /u/solidshakego [link] [comments]

How do deciduous trees know when to drop their leaves? What would happen to them if winter never came? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 08:56 PM PDT Obviously temperature is super important to this process, but what actual patterns trigger dormancy, and how can these get messed up? submitted by /u/interweaver [link] [comments]

Why does a long balloon, if partially inflated, sometimes inflate in sections instead of inflating the whole balloon? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 05:42 PM PDT What keeps the pressured air from inflating the parts of the balloon that is not inflated and stay where the pressure is highest? submitted by /u/jubmille2000 [link] [comments]

If you pushed a balloon far enough underwater would the air inside compress to a density where the bouyant forces neutralise? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 09:40 PM PDT submitted by /u/jet_693 [link] [comments]

Do animals in the wild suffer from constipation? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 05:01 PM PDT submitted by /u/waitRUforreal [link] [comments]

How does shaving cream actually work? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 11:19 PM PDT I've been usig it for a bout a year and still have no idea. submitted by /u/2spacemage2 [link] [comments]

How do antennas transmit electromagnetic waves, and how do those waves propagate? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 09:41 PM PDT I'm currently doing a communications course and we are up to antennas. There are a few things my teacher has covered which don't seem to add up and he isn't very clear when I ask him to clarify. Firstly, Standing Waves: He began by saying that standing waves occur when the line is not terminated correctly, then went on to say that standing waves are what create the electromagnetic wave that propagates out with the signal. Question: how are the waves produced and what is their relationship with the standing wave? Secondly, Propagation: Every time he brings up the propagation, he says that a wave cycle in the signal creates a new wave front which pushes out the previous wave front, and then it travels at the speed of light. Question: If EMF is self-propagating, which is how I understand that these waves work, why is he saying that the wave fronts are being pushed away by the following wave front that is produced by the signal from the transmitter? These questions may be quite specific, but his explanations of the operation of transmitting antennas has only confused me about what I thought I knew, and I need some clarification. Thank you greatly! submitted by /u/Haelnorr [link] [comments]

Can a person sense light if he/she is asleep? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 01:20 AM PDT Hypothetically say, they lack an eyelid and fell asleep and don't get disturbed, will they still be able to sense light ? submitted by /u/saisabarish07 [link] [comments]

How is it possible that negative heat capacities exist, and what do they mean physically? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 03:20 PM PDT Specifically, I saw a negative molar heat capacity under constant pressure for pyrite or something similar. That strikes me as unintuitive, but unless the numbers on my hw were made up, it's accurate. How can that be? submitted by /u/OPDidntDeliver [link] [comments]

Water supply on islands without freshwater lens? Posted: 15 Oct 2019 02:02 AM PDT How does the water supply on islands without freshwater lens work? Is the complete need covered by rain and supplied water? submitted by /u/Spargelfarn [link] [comments]

On the molecular level, what is a fold/crease and why do they seem to have a "memory"? (E.g. folded Paper/Fabric) Posted: 14 Oct 2019 01:49 PM PDT An example would be if you fold a shirt and then wear the shirt. You can sometimes see the lines where it was folded. Another example would be folding paper. Once folded, it never really retains the same form once flattened again. submitted by /u/ColouredFlowers [link] [comments]

How are some medications multipurpose? For example how can one medicine function as an antidepressant in some doses or a sleeping aid in others (Example Amitriptyline)? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 04:32 PM PDT Are they somehow related? What is it about different doses that changes the mode of operation on the body? submitted by /u/_IA_Renzor [link] [comments]

Did plants cross the Bering straight? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 03:24 PM PDT submitted by /u/Kombaticus [link] [comments]

How can light be always at a constant speed but still be influenced by gravity? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 08:07 AM PDT Lets take a black hole for example. The gravitational pull is so large that not even the speed of light is a sufficient escape velocity. But wouldn't that mean that light escaping from gravitational pulls is slowed down? That in theory a gravitational body with the same escape velocity as the speed of light would make light "stand still"? submitted by /u/ThunderKant_1 [link] [comments]

In all the observable universe, are there any astronomic objects moving at significant fractions of the speed of light? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 06:29 AM PDT submitted by /u/Dontbecruelbro [link] [comments]

Can a difference in air pressure change amplitude of sound? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 08:24 AM PDT Or is a sound from Mt. Everest and somewhere below sea level the exact same? I was thinking if there's more air, the sound gets weaker because there's more air to push, but at the same time, more air is being pushed to the receiver. Does anyone know? submitted by /u/penguin_master69 [link] [comments]

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Do bees that get lost (f.e.riding a bus) get adopted by local colonies ?

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• Do bees that get lost (f.e.riding a bus) get adopted by local colonies ?
• Which planet is the most visible from another planet in our solar system?
• In Radiation Sickness, how does the latent stage - when patient looks and feels generally healthy even though the body is dying - work?
• Why is the Pacific Ocean split in temperature?
• Why don't the slits in a dual slit experiment cause decoherence in the wave function?
• Are camera CMOS sensors sensitive to beta radiation?
• How do strong acids "eat through" things?
• Does ADHD stimulant medication-induced tolerance have a "memory" or does it reset after x amount of time?
• What is it about alcohol withdrawal that makes it dangerous?
• What’s a compound that has only tertiary hydrogens?
• What role does serotonin play in IBS-C vs IBS-D?
• Did the muscles on the sides of the mouth of the Theropods looked like those in crocodiles (the first pic) or did they look like those in the Lizards (the second two pics)?
• Given that the enteric nervous system is embedded in the gastrointestinal lining, how does intestinal bacteria influence it (if at all)?
• Do larger animals have a bigger chance to get cancer?
• At what point in our evolution did we start cooking meat? Did humans begin cooking meat in response to the diseases associated with raw meat or did we lost immunity to those diseases *because* humans started cooking meat?
• How Do Inward-Rectifying Calcium Channels INCREASE "Resting" Potential In Pacemaker Cells?
• Why does the length of twilight differ according to latitude?
• Why do stomachs 'growl' or gurgle?
• What, besides the ship skin, protects cosmonauts from solar radiation during the long stay in space?

Do bees that get lost (f.e.riding a bus) get adopted by local colonies ? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 03:19 AM PDT submitted by /u/harald1124 [link] [comments]

Which planet is the most visible from another planet in our solar system? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 12:30 AM PDT I personally believe it would be Venus from Earth, but I think other possibilities would be Venus from Mercury and Jupiter from Mars . Is there someone who has the data or who can do the math? I suspect having a planet fully "behind you" reflecting all of the suns light could mean that looking outward(Mercury to Venus, Venus to Earth or Mars to Jupiter) would make that arrangement much brighter "when the planets align" submitted by /u/TheEvilUrge [link] [comments]

In Radiation Sickness, how does the latent stage - when patient looks and feels generally healthy even though the body is dying - work? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 11:37 AM PDT Why does that happen? Their body is dying, so what's the deal with suddenly feeling better. Is it similar to how your body goes into shock to keep you from feeling pain? submitted by /u/izzeo [link] [comments]

Why is the Pacific Ocean split in temperature? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 02:42 AM PDT Why is it that on the California coast, the Pacific Ocean is so cold, yet when you go to Hawaii, the ocean temperature warms up much more? submitted by /u/Chestnutsboi [link] [comments]

Why don't the slits in a dual slit experiment cause decoherence in the wave function? Posted: 14 Oct 2019 07:41 AM PDT In the dual slit experiment the wave form collapse occurs on measurement at the detector screen. The screen is a macroscopic element, and this make some sense. However, the light also interacted with the screen, which is also a macroscopic element. Why did this not cause collapse as well? It is due to not being entangled with the screen? submitted by /u/haplo_and_dogs [link] [comments]

Are camera CMOS sensors sensitive to beta radiation? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 05:06 PM PDT Specifically, I have a MILC and a piece of depleted uranium. Could the camera pick up on its beta radiation? submitted by /u/Slammernanners [link] [comments]

How do strong acids "eat through" things? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 02:41 PM PDT Just wondering what the chemistry is here. I know that acids are compounds that either donate protons or accepts electrons, but I'm not sure how that results in the effect of eating through stuff. Why is it almost a universal effect for strong acids to eat through things? Can bases do the same thing, and if so how do they do it? submitted by /u/jackrobertwilliamson [link] [comments]

Does ADHD stimulant medication-induced tolerance have a "memory" or does it reset after x amount of time? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 12:30 PM PDT If a patient builds up a considerable tolerance to a prescribed stimulant (i.e. Vyvanse) then stops the drug, and restarts it years later, can there be evidence of residual tolerance left over from that initial experience? What would be the mechanism? I've heard of the notion of receptor "down-regulation" being thrown around casually, but its hard to find anything evidence-based. Essentially I'm asking, does tolerance completely go away/reset, or does some aspect of it stick around, and if so, how? In this paper, there's some discussion of the mechanism of tolerance and "up-regulation of adenosine receptors" in caffeine tolerance as a comparative mechanism but it still doesn't directly address the question or phenomenon. submitted by /u/Nico_tine [link] [comments]

What is it about alcohol withdrawal that makes it dangerous? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 02:49 PM PDT submitted by /u/PacketPowered [link] [comments]

What’s a compound that has only tertiary hydrogens? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 02:32 PM PDT submitted by /u/DeliriousD0LL [link] [comments]

What role does serotonin play in IBS-C vs IBS-D? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 12:37 PM PDT I was reading this article on serotonin's significant role in IBS. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4266036/ So from my understanding it is saying IBS is caused by an excess of inflammatory cytokines which stimulates the IDO enzymes which mess with conversion of tryptophan to 5-htp and serotonin by creating kynurenine instead of serotonin. This causes a serotonin deficiency. Since serotonin is important for gut motility this deficiency is the cause of IBS. Question 1: Am I understanding the article correctly? ​ Question 2: But this all seems to relate to IBS-C where gut motility is too slow. Does this mean IBS-D, gut motility which is too fast, is caused by an excess of serotonin? If so through what process is the body making too much serotonin? submitted by /u/TheRoyalTartToter [link] [comments]

Did the muscles on the sides of the mouth of the Theropods looked like those in crocodiles (the first pic) or did they look like those in the Lizards (the second two pics)? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 01:28 PM PDT https://pasteboard.co/IBPvj7B.jpg https://pasteboard.co/IBPvJV2.jpg https://pasteboard.co/IBPw6oV.jpg submitted by /u/dooms_day_clock [link] [comments]

Given that the enteric nervous system is embedded in the gastrointestinal lining, how does intestinal bacteria influence it (if at all)? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 11:09 AM PDT submitted by /u/faux_noodles [link] [comments]

Do larger animals have a bigger chance to get cancer? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 09:18 AM PDT Larger animals have more cells, and since cancer is a defect cell, more cells should mean a higher chance at cancer, right? submitted by /u/BurningDemon [link] [comments]

At what point in our evolution did we start cooking meat? Did humans begin cooking meat in response to the diseases associated with raw meat or did we lost immunity to those diseases *because* humans started cooking meat? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 04:12 AM PDT submitted by /u/AmarantCoral [link] [comments]

How Do Inward-Rectifying Calcium Channels INCREASE "Resting" Potential In Pacemaker Cells? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 11:46 AM PDT I understand that less inward-rectifying Ca2+ channels is responsible for the higher mV "resting" potential of pacemaker cells (and consequently keeps the fast Na+ Channels inactive), but how does that make sense? The inward-rectifying Ca2+ channels are responsible for uptake INTO the cells. By having less of them, would it not mean that there are less positive Ca2+ ions going into the cell, thus the charge would be MORE negative? Additionally, as a bonus question, would the decrease in intracellular calcium due to less of these channels affect the rate /force of contraction, given the need for Ca2+ to release calcium from the SR via CICR? submitted by /u/lift_fit [link] [comments]

Why does the length of twilight differ according to latitude? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 07:52 AM PDT I have observed how day changes to night much more quickly at the equator than at home around 50°N. Do the seasons also change twilight's length here? submitted by /u/emmazunz84 [link] [comments]

Why do stomachs 'growl' or gurgle? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 03:32 AM PDT submitted by /u/KingdomOfBullshit [link] [comments]

What, besides the ship skin, protects cosmonauts from solar radiation during the long stay in space? Posted: 13 Oct 2019 06:34 AM PDT If I'm not mistaken, solar radiation is able to almost fully pass through the ship skin and deal damage to cosmonauts' health. So, how can people be protected from it during for example the flight to Mars which will last for about 8 months? Edit: in near-Earth orbit partially protects the Earth's magnetic field, so the question is about interplanetary space submitted by /u/Outdoordoor [link] [comments]

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