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Monday, April 8, 2019

Will an Octopus Die If one or two of it hearts stop ? and Why ?

Will an Octopus Die If one or two of it hearts stop ? and Why ?

Will an Octopus Die If one or two of it hearts stop ? and Why ?

Posted: 08 Apr 2019 04:07 AM PDT

Vast swathes of North America used to be an ocean, the Western Interior Seaway. If this is true, why are those lands not salted and inhospitable like other dried saltwater bodies that have left behind only barren salt pans?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 06:51 PM PDT

How far can the electricity spread when thunderbolt hits the ocean ? How close would you have to be to get hurt ?

Posted: 08 Apr 2019 08:27 AM PDT

Would it be more fuel efficient to only ever fill the gas tank halfway?

Posted: 08 Apr 2019 08:23 AM PDT

Gas must be pretty heavy, and adding that much extra weight into a car has to reduce the fuel efficiency to some extent. Would it be worth it to only ever fill the tank to half?

submitted by /u/arbitrary_aardvark
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What was the diet of early humans? How did they know what foods were safe to eat?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 08:21 PM PDT

What did they survive off of on a daily basis and beyond that how did they know what plants were safe to eat?

submitted by /u/TehDMV
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Do quarks have an electric or magnetic field associated with their fractional charge state?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 10:46 PM PDT

I've heard these quark things have a fractional charge, but do they have a magnetic / electric field associated with this charge?

Do they have a magnetic moment or electric moment?

If a quark is accelerated somehow, would it produce a electromagnetic wave?

Lastly, if you apply an electric field onto a proton, would the quarks polarize, like the way we learn that materials polarize when a constant electric field is applied across the material (the positive and negative charges move in a direction as to decrease the externally applied field)?

submitted by /u/datdutho
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Are languages changing/developing faster or slower than they have in the past?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 08:43 PM PDT

What is the effect of pH on ion mobility?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 05:30 PM PDT

I am interested in the physical and chemical mechanisms that come into play when analyzing the mobility of nutrients in soil for gardening purpose.

submitted by /u/ThePsymon
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In the new Netflix documentary called "Our Planet", a Western Parotia bird of paradise changes it's eye color from blue to yellow during a mating dance. How?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 07:23 PM PDT

Even more strange, I can't seem to find any references to this eye color change anywhere else on the internet, and yet I just watched it happen several times in its full 4K HDR glory.

Can anyone elaborate on this phenomenon?

Edit to include video link: https://youtu.be/rX40mBb8bkU?t=135

submitted by /u/nklim
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Is there any limit to how powerful a cyclone (hurricane or tornado) can get before physics prevent further growth?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 06:39 PM PDT

I've googled this a few times but a lot of the articles I found were not published by actual scientists nor did they feature any citations to scientist's articles. I figured since there's got to be at least a couple of meteorological super sleuths on here I could get a final, clear cut verdict. I don't care if there's no theory on this yet, simply knowing if there is and if so what the theory is would be pretty helpful for my amateur storm chasing and meteorological studies (I do this for leisure, I'm currently an undergrad in high school who just studies weather from inside his home in Missouri) and shed some light on what I could theoretically expect to see when a true monster strikes the heartland.

submitted by /u/EatThatPusi445
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In theory, would it be possible to create a whole other internet where the addresses don’t start with letters “www”?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 02:24 PM PDT

What happened if you tried to exercise with early pacemakers?

Posted: 08 Apr 2019 03:18 AM PDT

Not 100% sure if this fits here because I'm not looking for numbers or figures, but I don't know where else to post.

Studying physiology homework and the textbook tells me that modern pacemakers will artificially increase your heartbeat during exercise.

That kind of implies that previous generations of pacemakers didn't do that.

So if my understanding of that is correct - what would have happened if you did strenuous exercise that had a higher oxygen requirement that would usually trigger a faster heartbeat? Would you just get tired very quickly? Would you pass out from lack of oxygen? Would your body react the same way it would to anaerobic exercise (say, behaving as if you're sprinting when you're just jogging)? Would you wind up with more lactic acid/muscle pain? Or would something else happen?

submitted by /u/Echospite
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How does a sociologist isolate socially constructed vs innate differences between behaviors of different sexes, races, ethnicity, etc?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 04:44 PM PDT

So for example, there is a large difference between the occupations women tend to choose and the occupations men tend to choose. How does a sociologist decide whether the differences are due to social constructs or whether men and women naturally prefer different occupations?

submitted by /u/testudos101
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How does space debris impact earth's environment and atmosphere?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 02:01 PM PDT

I know that it affects our space travel and satellites but does it have any affect on our environment on earth?

submitted by /u/XBlackRookX
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How does bacteria cause bleeding with a UTI (blood in urine)? Are they biting you?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 06:02 PM PDT

How directly is the bleeding in a UTI caused by bacteria? Are they drawing blood directly from your ureter/bladder or are they causing irritation great enough to draw blood through some mechanism like a pH imbalance?

The reason I am asking is because I am picturing little bugs inside poking with something sharp to draw blood directly. How else would the blood get there/ where is it coming from? My friend is thinking it's indirectly produced from irritation caused by some protein/chemical imbalance caused by the bacteria but neither of us have medical/biology background.

submitted by /u/abwright
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Transparency: Pass-through or catch and release?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 07:34 PM PDT

When photons traverse through a transparent substance, do they actually pass through without interacting with the substance, or are they absorbed and re-released with the same direction and frequency? If they just pass straight through, then what causes photons to refract (deflect off of their straight line path).

submitted by /u/The_camperdave
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Why does conductivity in a material (almost) always exclude transparency? What makes transparent and conducting materials different from usual conductors?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 02:56 PM PDT

What “characteristics” allow cryopreservation of embryos to be “reanimated” in assisted reproduction, but make reanimating a cryo preserved adult human something that exists only in science fiction?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 12:52 PM PDT

I have a rudimentary understanding that the main difficulty in cryo comes from the prevention of the formation of ice crystals which can damage cell membranes. Obviously an adult has orders of magnitude more cells, which means orders of magnitude more water which can damage cells when frozen and subsequently thawed.

Can someone explain why we are able to achieve one and not the other? Is the difference at a molecular/cellular/ macro (tissue) level?

submitted by /u/z3roTO60
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Sunday, April 7, 2019

What do swordfish use their sword for?

What do swordfish use their sword for?

What do swordfish use their sword for?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 03:48 AM PDT

What mathematical language did Gerardus Mercator use to describe his projection?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 04:10 PM PDT

In the Mercator projection, the y-position of a coordinate is given by the log of the tangent of its latitude. This was laid down in the 1500s. The concept of using functions to describe geometry came a bit later with Decartes, and the logarithm wasn't described until the next century either.

So what tools or language did Mercator use to describe how coordinates on his map could be constructed?

submitted by /u/iorgfeflkd
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What is the distinguishing factor between a forest and a jungle? Is it a climate thing? Type of trees?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 06:07 PM PDT

If fever is used by the body to kill bacteria or viruses, does this not also damage the useful bacteria in the gut?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 05:16 AM PDT

If you relocated a sea turtle's nest to a completely different location, would the babies return to where the mother laid them or where the human relocated them to nest?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 04:20 AM PDT

What biological differences in some mammals allow for advanced movement very soon after birth?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 07:43 AM PDT

For example, why can horse foals walk so soon after being born, versus human babies who require ~8-9 months before they can crawl, when horse gestation is only a couple months longer than human gestation?

submitted by /u/UPPERCASE_THOUGHTS
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Is the human ear more sensitive to certain frequencies?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 07:51 AM PDT

I came across this website to test my subwoofers. I noticed that around 128 Hz, the sound becomes very loud compared to say around 142 Hz. I don't think the application is faulty, could it be that my ears just are more sensitive to sound at that frequency?

submitted by /u/Akainu18448
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How are entire ecosystems largely consistent between continents, but entire classes of animals therein aren't represented at all?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 07:28 AM PDT

I was recently reading Teddy Roosevelt's The Wilderness Hunter, and an excerpt from the first chapter caught my interest:

"The untrodden American wilderness resembles both in game and physical character the forests, the mountains, and the steppes of the Old World as it was at the beginning of our era. Great woods of pine and fir, birch and beech, oak and chestnut ; streams where the chief game fish are spotted trout and silvery salmon; grouse of various kinds as the most common game birds; all these the hunter finds as characteristic of the New World as of the Old. So it is with most of the beasts of the chase, and so also with the furbearing animals that furnish to the trapper alike his life work and his means of livelihood. The bear, wolf, bison, moose, caribou, wapiti, deer, and big horn, the lynx, fox, wolverine, sable, mink, ermine, beaver, badger, and otter of both worlds are either identical or more or less closely kin to one another."

This is a really wide swathe of these biomes that has life similar enough to reside (in many cases) in the same genus and sometimes the same species. How is it that these areas can simultaneously be so similar, while in other areas - songbird populations, reptiles, etc. - they remain almost totally distinct? For instance, while both locations have rat snakes, that's an enormous subfamily of colubrids that often aren't all that similar. Similarly, both regions have vipers (family Viperidae) but the genuses are distinct and the animals are very different (Crotalus in NA; Vipera in EU).

In general, I don't think I understand why phenomena that allow genetically similar species to be extremely geographically distinct - such as land bridges and conjoined continents - have results that appear to be so selective.

submitted by /u/bibliophile785
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Why do levers work? Or in other words, why does work equal force times distance?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 07:28 AM PDT

Every explanation I find about the principles of levers is that they apply the rule of physics that work equals force times distance. But why does work equal force times distance? What about the distance being greater increase the force that is applied?

submitted by /u/TheOnlyArtifex
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What causes the two big population spikes in China's population pyramid?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 07:06 AM PDT

China's population pyramid is unique, as it has two large groups of people at the age 25-35 and 45-55. I would guess this has something to do with their one-child policy and their explosive population growth since the 1900s. but i haven't found any sources on this. Could anyone help me out?

submitted by /u/Kulfyr3
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Why do we sneeze?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 01:09 AM PDT

How do astronauts suits protect them from extreme temperatures in space?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 12:48 AM PDT

I'm curious to know what those suits are made out of and how they aren't affected by heat, cold, or even radiation when it apperintly can get pretty severe.

submitted by /u/XBlackRookX
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Why are steroids used to treat certain infections?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 06:41 AM PDT

For example, part of the treatment for acute infective exacerbation of COPD includes 200mg IV hydrocortisone and 30mg oral pred but wouldn't these steroids have immunosuppressive effects - the last thing you want in an infection?

​

What's the logic behind this?

submitted by /u/Aristo_socrates
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How do volcanoes grow?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 07:41 PM PDT

As I understand it, volcanoes grow as a result of pressure from magma below and the layering of ash and lava. However, from what I remember from school - this is a slow process. How can it compete with the massive losses associated with eruptions?

submitted by /u/deathkill3000
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Why are there no nuclei consisting exclusively of neutrons?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 01:53 PM PDT

Why can we arrange colours in a circle?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 12:22 AM PDT

As far as I understand it, colours are our perception of different wavelengths of light. There is a starting point at a low wavelength and an end at a high wavelength. By that, I have an intuition that there is a 'starting colouring' and an 'ending colour', with a gradient of all other colours inbetween. But yet we are able to arrange colours in a circle! Why is that?

submitted by /u/Galatheon
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How widespread were mental illnesses in the past?

Posted: 07 Apr 2019 03:58 AM PDT

People are always talking about how recently (due to things such as social media, isolation and higher social expectations) there has been a very large spike in mental illness.

But it's not like the past was exactly great either. Thinking back to 50 years ago, in real life bullying was (likely) much more prevalent, racism was everywhere, pretty much all minorities were hated (LGBT, people of colour, women, etc). Among other things.

Looking even further back into medieval times, on top of all the issues mentioned above, conditions were horrible for the vast majority of people, dictators were not at all uncommon, and things just in generally sucked.

So to me, I'd say overall compared to the past, despite technology, things seem like they have really improved in just about all areas. So it's hard for me to believe that mental illness is a lot more prevalent than in the past.

My hypothesis (keep in mind I'm not educated in psychology or history or anything like that) is that people have just been more accepting of people with these conditions and that are methods of detecting (and treating) these issues have improved massively, leading to more people being diagnosed. Not necessarily that there are MORE people with these issues.

So, how widespread were mental illnesses in the past?

submitted by /u/Sol33t303
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Why does bending the ring finger cause the middle finger and pinky finger to involuntarily bend also?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 11:37 PM PDT

In the context of Astronomy, we often hear that space contains gases and dust. What is space dust and what is it made of?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 11:24 AM PDT
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Saturday, April 6, 2019

How did scientists know the first astronauts’ spacesuits would withstand the pressure differences in space and fully protect the astronauts inside?

How did scientists know the first astronauts’ spacesuits would withstand the pressure differences in space and fully protect the astronauts inside?

How did scientists know the first astronauts’ spacesuits would withstand the pressure differences in space and fully protect the astronauts inside?

Posted: 05 Apr 2019 04:33 PM PDT

What is the base temperature in space?

Posted: 05 Apr 2019 07:47 PM PDT

I've had an interesting thought about what the base temperature of space is. I mean in a spot where no warmth of a star gets through. I thought about 0 Kelvin. But that would be the temperature where everything is cold dead and nothing can move (at least from Earth's perspective). So what would be the base temperature in space?

(I'm sorry if this question is too basic I'm an astro-noob)

submitted by /u/miloscccc
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How do animals with fur and researchers in the arctic get vitamin D?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 07:01 AM PDT

When viewing macro images of insects they seem extremely clean. Do insects clean themselves thoroughly throughout the day?

Posted: 05 Apr 2019 09:27 PM PDT

Specifically, I've seen a few images of spiders and even the areas around their eyes and mouths appear very clean. How do they reach these areas? Or is there another reason they appear this way?

submitted by /u/ologyism
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When people are listening to loud music through headphones, why do other people only hear the drums/beat of the music?

Posted: 05 Apr 2019 09:22 PM PDT

This happens every day when I'm on the bus, and it just annoys me throughout that 30 minutes of my day. I just thought it was interesting that I only heard the beat of the music, and not the melody.

submitted by /u/Kahoot_Admin5434
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How are there skeletons left over after a volcano eruption buries a town in molten lava? Wouldn't the lava be hot enough to disintegrate bone matter?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 03:47 AM PDT

Why do smells smell good or bad?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 02:17 AM PDT

I wasn't sure what flair this belonged under so correct me if I'm wrong.

What is going on in your brain when you smell something good?

Why does it smell good?

What is happening in your brain when you smell something bad?

Why does it smell bad?

Why do some things smell neither good nor bad, They just have a smell?

Do some smells trigger serotonin? Is serotonin what's responsible for making something smell good?

Hell, what is a smell? Is it a molecule, a gas, or a magical fume?

I don't have access to a search engine right now so sorry for any questions that could have been googled.

submitted by /u/crackheadshrek
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Why do excited electrons hesitate to fall back down?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 05:50 AM PDT

I've read somewhere that when an electron absorps a photon, it is excited to a higher energy state, where it remains for a few femtoseconds, whereafter it "decays" back down to a lower energy level, emitting a photon. Why doesn't the electron decay immediately, and what determines how long it stays excited?

submitted by /u/oz1sej
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How does a nerve gas mask differ from other gas mask?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 05:40 AM PDT

WWI mask were tested against chlorine , phosgene and mustard gas. What would be the necessary modifications to be effective against nerve gases, such as tabun and sarin?

submitted by /u/groenewald
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Are there any animals who are known to travel somewhere to die?

Posted: 05 Apr 2019 07:29 PM PDT

I'm currently watching Our Planet on Netflix and there is a part where they film baby flamingos. I started thinking "That is a lot of babies. Do an equal amount of adult birds die each year? If yes, that seems like a large amount of dead birds in one area". I imagined lots of them dying and then thought about whether or not animals travel to die.

submitted by /u/CodyLeeTheTree
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Are the products of burning tobacco especially toxic comparably?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 07:44 AM PDT

As a layman I think to know that many plants have the same general 'structure' (on a certain level), which should lead to many plants having similar reaction products when burnt.

Does tobacco contain distinct 'own' compounds that make it's smoke especially toxic to humans, ie more toxic than the smoke of comparable plant matter?

submitted by /u/Ebenberg
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Do animals know when to stop eating or eat less since their prey can't reproduce quick enough?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 07:42 AM PDT

We have a lot of trouble with overfishing the ocean for example. so I asked myself If animals may have such a problem as well and stop before it's too late.

submitted by /u/Dogtransformer
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What damage do amphetamines (including the controlled substance methamphetamine) do to the body, what causes death in user/abuser and how long does such person live since beginning of abuse?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 12:59 AM PDT

I know there is not one type of amphetamine and I am interested in all of them (including methamphetamine).

I would also like to ask that if a non ADHD person would take Ritalin/Adderall what would he feel? Would he feel euphoria and get instantly addicted?

submitted by /u/GullibleHospital
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What type of iron oxide forms on the surface of steel parts during tempering?

Posted: 05 Apr 2019 08:06 PM PDT

When steel is tempered, depending on the temperature and atmosphere, the parts will form a different color ranging from light brown to lue to black. Is this Fe2O3 or Fe3O4 (magnetite).

What range of temperatures is Fe3O4 formed on iron/steel?

submitted by /u/ReptilianOver1ord
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Do animals recognize their own “voices” (barks, meows, growls, etc.) when they hear them on recordings?

Posted: 05 Apr 2019 02:37 PM PDT

How different is the human species compared to what it used to be like 9000 years ago?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 03:21 AM PDT

Can I electroplate with 925 silver? Or does the anode have to be 999 silver?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 03:15 AM PDT

I wanted to give silver electro plating a try tomorrow for fun and just plate an old penny. I have a bit of silver from metal detecting which is mostly 925 silver, can I plate with this? Or does the anode HAVE to be pure 999 silver?

​

Cheers

submitted by /u/TTT334
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Why have teen birth rates declined sharply across every state in the US over the past 30 years?

Posted: 05 Apr 2019 11:02 PM PDT

Before looking at the data myself, I wouldn't have guessed that teen birth rates have declined dramatically in *every* US state since 1990. What explains this country-wide decline?

Here are two charts showing the decline in teen birth rates:

Time series of teen birth rates in every US state between 1990 and 2016.

Time series of teen birth rates in the US, disaggregated by race (2007-2017).

submitted by /u/inspurious_
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Were the effects of being exposed to a vacuum ever explored scientifically by putting animals in a vacuum chamber?

Posted: 06 Apr 2019 01:56 AM PDT

Very long time ago when nobody really cared about the well-being of animals somebody told me that mice were put in a vacuum and that made them inflate like balloons and killed them. This question came to me when reading a post about the testing of pressure suits for astronauts.

submitted by /u/public_image_ltd
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