Do Tectonic plates ever change in size and or break apart?

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• Do Tectonic plates ever change in size and or break apart?
• Can stomach acid burn organs?
• Can bacteria take over cells like viruses do?
• So, if the particle-antiparticle pair production is the wrong way of looking at Hawking Radiation, what DOES really happen?
• How can you take a picture of a black hole?
• On a molecular level, what is happening to molecules/atoms when a sticky substance is torn in half? For example: modeling clay. What creates the "tension" in these substances?
• Do animals have a sense of (Musical) rhythm?
• Benefits and, or disadvantages of hemocyanin oxygen transport rather than hemoglobin?
• Chemical or physical change?
• Do organisims that use hemocyanin rather than hemoglobin have a slightly higher resistance to bacterial and or viral infections?
• What does re normalization means in simple terms with context of Quantum field theories ?
• What are some interesting examples of humans influencing the evolution of a species?
• Is there a lower limit or smallest unit of time?
• Why is it taking so long to fix the issues with Flint Michigan's drinking water?
• Millions of years ago when megafauna and megaflora dominanted the earth, were creatures with exoskeletons proportionally bigger? And did this also apply to small/microscopic life?
• Are space telescopes analogue or digital based?
• How do plants in early development orient themselves in zero gravity?
• If a person is brain dead, can their body heal wounds or broken bones?
• If the gravitational force linearly decreases to zero as you approach a planet's center, does that mean the region of the highest pressure in a gas giant isn't necessarily the center?
• Why do some vaccines hurt more than others despite all being administered the same way?
• Other than the younger dryas impact hypothesis, what proof of other cataclysms such as a pole shift or a solar flare do we have that occured around the late pleistocene era?
• Why do we teach braille to blind people instead of stamped ”normal“ letters?
• In regards to sunscreen and its effectiveness over time. How is it "used up"?

Do Tectonic plates ever change in size and or break apart? Posted: 04 Apr 2019 04:59 AM PDT Are the plates different now compared to the time of Pangea? submitted by /u/shuttersock [link] [comments]

Can stomach acid burn organs? Posted: 04 Apr 2019 04:58 AM PDT Since stomach acid is strong enough to dissolve metal, what would happen if the acid from inside your stomach got out? Would it do the same to other organs? submitted by /u/SarahTheBoop [link] [comments]

Can bacteria take over cells like viruses do? Posted: 04 Apr 2019 04:27 AM PDT I've been taught that some viruses 'take over' cells, change what they do and use them to spread. Can bacteria do something similar? Of so, what is this process called? If not, why? submitted by /u/oodanium [link] [comments]

So, if the particle-antiparticle pair production is the wrong way of looking at Hawking Radiation, what DOES really happen? Posted: 04 Apr 2019 04:30 AM PDT submitted by /u/xOceanWavesx [link] [comments]

How can you take a picture of a black hole? Posted: 04 Apr 2019 12:11 AM PDT A picture of a black hole will be revealed next week. From my understanding, a black hole absorbs all light due to its gravitational field. We can only see something when light is reflected off it. With these both assumptions in mind, how can a picture be taken of a black hole? submitted by /u/Tooslowtoohappy [link] [comments]

On a molecular level, what is happening to molecules/atoms when a sticky substance is torn in half? For example: modeling clay. What creates the "tension" in these substances? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 06:33 PM PDT submitted by /u/Anthony_014 [link] [comments]

Do animals have a sense of (Musical) rhythm? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 08:44 PM PDT Well, that. I know that we (Humans) can feel rhythm (Though I don't specifically know why either), and we react to it. But do animals feel the same? Or they hate it because it interferes with their senses, like when you suddenly cover someone's eyes? submitted by /u/Blasecube [link] [comments]

Benefits and, or disadvantages of hemocyanin oxygen transport rather than hemoglobin? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 07:40 PM PDT Is one all around more efficient than the other, or only under certain situations is one more efficient? Does the difference in copper vs iron provide any sort of bacterial or viral resistance? Or possibly lower chance of infection due to open wounds? submitted by /u/Golden_Pwny_Boy [link] [comments]

Chemical or physical change? Posted: 04 Apr 2019 01:29 AM PDT I'm currently in chemistry in high school and my teacher stated that it's quite debated if diluting something in water is considered a chemical or a physical change because of how the particles are seperated from one another but the compounds themselves don't actually change. I'm mostly wondering if my teacher is out of the loop and if there's an actual answer to what it is submitted by /u/Shortail1198 [link] [comments]

Do organisims that use hemocyanin rather than hemoglobin have a slightly higher resistance to bacterial and or viral infections? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 08:19 PM PDT I have read that (Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin) is used to help treat prostate and bladder cancers as it stimulates the immune system. But do the organisms that use it naturally benefit from this? submitted by /u/Golden_Pwny_Boy [link] [comments]

What does re normalization means in simple terms with context of Quantum field theories ? Posted: 04 Apr 2019 04:40 AM PDT Why are we able to re normalize QFT for Weak, Strong, and electromagnetic interactions, but not gravitational interactions? submitted by /u/JimmyThrowaway1 [link] [comments]

What are some interesting examples of humans influencing the evolution of a species? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 12:15 PM PDT Most people who've taken a basic course in biology know about the speckled moths that turned black during the industrial revolution due to pollution. I want to know what other examples there are of humans influencing the evolution of other species. The more interesting or unexpected the better. submitted by /u/regular_sized_ryan [link] [comments]

Is there a lower limit or smallest unit of time? Posted: 04 Apr 2019 12:09 AM PDT I'm sorry if this is a stupid question. I have a high school education and never took any math higher than algebra, save some stuff I've taught myself for the purpose of audio synthesis because I read a lot. So I've been reading about superfluid He4 and how what I will call "practical absolute zero" (i don't know the real term) is higher than 0 kelvin, and that this is due to a baseline ambient excitation that occurs as a sort of prerequisite for physical existence. I was also reading that states above that are quantized. I also read the inevitable connection to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, which has to do with precisely measuring velocity and position. The only way that makes sense to me would be that a particle's position is only accurate for an instant. You can't measure velocity in an instant, that much is apparent because there needs to be a duration of movement factored in to measure, therefore it can probably only be approximated. You can measure position, except for the fact that the particle is moving, so again, to measure where it is in this hypothetical "instant" would be difficult to do precisely. A lot of this seemed to be revolving around this "point" in time that occurs instantaneously, which I am having trouble comprehending. So it got me wondering, is there a duration that is the absolute minimum that time can be broken down into? We measure time with a system of quantized integers, but is it possible that time itself is actually quantized? If that's the case, is space also quantized? Is everything operating on a grid of values that can be represented by a cardinal set of natural numbers? Is aleph 0 the only real infinity in physics? I'm confused, I hope this question doesn't sound as dumb to you as it does to me. submitted by /u/postwerk [link] [comments]

Why is it taking so long to fix the issues with Flint Michigan's drinking water? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 10:06 AM PDT submitted by /u/elidw [link] [comments]

Millions of years ago when megafauna and megaflora dominanted the earth, were creatures with exoskeletons proportionally bigger? And did this also apply to small/microscopic life? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 05:56 PM PDT submitted by /u/prexton [link] [comments]

Are space telescopes analogue or digital based? Posted: 04 Apr 2019 03:30 AM PDT I have this hunch that analogue contains more information due to the film medium, although I may be wrong, that's why I have come to your doors! submitted by /u/ReggaeMonestor [link] [comments]

How do plants in early development orient themselves in zero gravity? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 02:04 PM PDT I know in normal development that plants orient up from down through the vacoule moving to the bottom of the endosperm(via gravity) which provides polarity. My curiosity is in how do the plants grown on the ISS orient themselves in the lack of gravity? submitted by /u/Senor_Cangrejos [link] [comments]

If a person is brain dead, can their body heal wounds or broken bones? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 04:15 PM PDT submitted by /u/clearmindopenmind [link] [comments]

If the gravitational force linearly decreases to zero as you approach a planet's center, does that mean the region of the highest pressure in a gas giant isn't necessarily the center? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 08:59 AM PDT This might be stupid question, but it's something I've been thinking about. I can't wrap my head around how there is any pressure at the center of something if there's no gravitation force there. submitted by /u/jandcando [link] [comments]

Why do some vaccines hurt more than others despite all being administered the same way? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 01:33 PM PDT I got the influenza vaccine earlier this year and it didn't hurt at all, but I just got the second round of the HPV vaccine and my arm is extremely tender and sore. Why is there a difference between the two when they're both administered in the same way and in the same place? submitted by /u/qwerty-yourself [link] [comments]

Other than the younger dryas impact hypothesis, what proof of other cataclysms such as a pole shift or a solar flare do we have that occured around the late pleistocene era? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 02:51 PM PDT submitted by /u/d-quik [link] [comments]

Why do we teach braille to blind people instead of stamped ”normal“ letters? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 08:22 AM PDT submitted by /u/KevKaL [link] [comments]

In regards to sunscreen and its effectiveness over time. How is it "used up"? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 02:02 PM PDT They say that you need to reapply sunscreen every two hours but is that duration dependent on how much the sun's photons reacts with the sunscreen on your skin or is it simply that the sunscreen loses its effectiveness the longer it is on your skin? submitted by /u/bachintheback [link] [comments]

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Do primates have mental disorders like humans?

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• Do primates have mental disorders like humans?
• For whales and dolphins can water "Go down the wrong pipe" and make them choke like with humans?
• Why does outer space look black?
• Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science
• How do sponges, towels, and cloths hold liquids?
• What does shower mold eat? Where is it getting its energy from?
• When a solid is dissolved in a liquid, is it still a solid, what about individual atoms or molecules in a vacuum?
• What specifically are electrodes measuring on an ECG?
• does the pressure of the oceans have a effect on the ocean? would the ocean floor look different if there wasn't an ocean over it?
• Is it possible to see a simultaneous solar transit of Phobos and Deimos from anywhere on Mars?
• Do Quarks have Volume?
• If a submarine loses it ability to function underwater, is it possible to “tow” it back to the surface?
• Does the weight of food have any bearing on its caloric density?
• How does the Event Horizon Telescope work?
• What evidence do we have of plate tectonics besides the shapes of the continents fitting together?
• How do governments tell the difference between nuclear launches and peaceful space missions?
• How do astronomers hypothesize/determine what elements are present on planets based on telescopic images?
• How can we differenciate between cause and effect when we talk about psycological biases? Like some colours causing us to be more hungry.
• Has there been any introduction of arctic species to the antarctic or vice versa by research ships that visit both?
• What do the electrodes on an EKG measure?
• What happens to unborn that stay in the womb longer than usual?
• If visible light and radio waves are both forms of electromagnetic radiation, do radio waves also exhibit wave/particle duality? If not, why?

Do primates have mental disorders like humans? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 03:49 PM PDT I was at the zoo today and watched a gorilla pick at a scab on its finger, compulsively, until it started bleeding. Is this OCD or is it just a nervous thing that primates do at the zoo? Do gorillas share any of the same mental disorders that humans have? submitted by /u/srewoByesaC [link] [comments]

For whales and dolphins can water "Go down the wrong pipe" and make them choke like with humans? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 07:19 AM PDT submitted by /u/borosuperfan [link] [comments]

Why does outer space look black? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 05:45 PM PDT submitted by /u/itsfrizzy [link] [comments]

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Posted: 03 Apr 2019 08:13 AM PDT Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]

How do sponges, towels, and cloths hold liquids? Posted: 03 Apr 2019 12:56 AM PDT As the title says, how do some materials hold fluids very well while others, like table tops, just have fluids slide off? What makes a liquid "hold" in a material? submitted by /u/moon_forge [link] [comments]

What does shower mold eat? Where is it getting its energy from? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 09:42 AM PDT You know the mold in your shower that you're always trying to get rid of? What it is eating? I don't understand what it's growing off of. Every living thing needs an energy source aka to eat, right? So what is the mold eating? ​ It can't be photosynthesizing because my bathroom doesn't have windows. It can't be eating my dead skin cells/run off dirt because it's up near the ceiling too. It can't be eating regular food because I don't eat or keep food in my shower. ​ Is it eating my soap or shampoo or something? Or maybe it's like a predator that eats the bacteria on the walls. I really have no idea so I turn to reddit. Thank you! submitted by /u/brightlittlesheep [link] [comments]

When a solid is dissolved in a liquid, is it still a solid, what about individual atoms or molecules in a vacuum? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 11:58 AM PDT I am trying to gain a better understanding about states of matter, the last paragraph is the most important one to be answered. ​ It is my understanding that when a solid is dissolved into a liquid, at least some of it is individual molecules or atoms are are not attached to other molecules and atoms of the same type, instead they are completely separate, not part of any solid structure. In that situation, are those molecules or atoms a solid, a liquid or something else? ​ Additionally, if I have an individual atom or molecule in a vacuum, which at that temperature and pressure would normally be solid, is it still considered a solid? What if that single atom or molecule would be a liquid at that temperature and pressure, is it still considered a liquid? ​ Is there something fundamental about the state of an atom or molecule that, independently of other atoms or molecules of the same type, determines if it is in a solid, liquid or gas state (plasma I understand)? Are there observations, tests or measurements (other than temperature) that could be applied to an individual atom or molecule in a vacuum that could be used to test its state (perhaps how it reacts chemically with other substances, perhaps how it interacts mechanically with other substances, how it moves, perhaps how it responds to radiation)? ​ ​ submitted by /u/EdwardNardella [link] [comments]

What specifically are electrodes measuring on an ECG? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 12:46 PM PDT I'm trying to understand how ECG's work. I understand the different views but not specifically what the electrodes are measuring. For example, lead I measures the flow of some charge (positive to negative electrons?) from the left arm lead to the right arm lead. What I don't understand is what exactly the electrodes are measuring and how the myocytes effect something that can be measured on the surface of the skin so far away from the heart. submitted by /u/uq42 [link] [comments]

does the pressure of the oceans have a effect on the ocean? would the ocean floor look different if there wasn't an ocean over it? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 11:53 AM PDT submitted by /u/superbeagleman [link] [comments]

Is it possible to see a simultaneous solar transit of Phobos and Deimos from anywhere on Mars? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 12:27 PM PDT I don't know much about the orbital periods/inclinations/etc. of Mars' two moons. I've seen video of each of them transiting the sun from some of the landers. I was curious to know if both could do it at the same time. If so, would you need to be at a specific spot or area on Mars to see it? If there was a double transit, would Deimos pass behind Phobos, or would they be at different solar latitudes? If it's not possible, is this due to orbital resonances? submitted by /u/AdmiralMemo [link] [comments]

Do Quarks have Volume? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 02:40 PM PDT My friend (u/carson_bay) and I were debating whether or not a quark has volume. On one side, we argued that they don't have volume until they combine to create other particles. On the other, we argued that they do have volume. We have both found conflicting sources that say they don't have volume, and others that say their radius is 10-18 metres. So, which is it? Do they have volume or not? Or is it a case where they both do and do not have volume until they are observed? submitted by /u/theKurdledNoodle [link] [comments]

If a submarine loses it ability to function underwater, is it possible to “tow” it back to the surface? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 03:13 PM PDT submitted by /u/ancient_horse [link] [comments]

Does the weight of food have any bearing on its caloric density? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 03:03 PM PDT Like the title says, obviously there isn't necessarily a clear '1 kg of food = X calories', as it's easy to come up with a counter example. However, is there any relationship there? I have a hard time imagining a 1000 calorie bit of semi-dense foam (think like a 100 cm3 cube of foam?), but I can imagine eating a (comparatively) heavy 100 cm3 cube of butter or something similar that might contain 1000 calories. ​ ​ UPDATE: In light of the answers to the original question (thanks everyone, good insights all around!) a quick follow up, is there a maximum amount of calories that a piece of food can contain for a particular density? Is it strictly limited by the size of a molecule of fat/etc. ? submitted by /u/jack_the_ninja [link] [comments]

How does the Event Horizon Telescope work? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 08:08 AM PDT The EHT has announced a press conference for April 10, where it is expected they will release their final images of Sgr A* (or at least set an official date for release). How was the project able to take an image of such a distant object? Is it an optical image or radio or something else? What are the science goals of this project beyond obtaining an image? submitted by /u/fireballs619 [link] [comments]

What evidence do we have of plate tectonics besides the shapes of the continents fitting together? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 08:14 AM PDT submitted by /u/fat_ali [link] [comments]

How do governments tell the difference between nuclear launches and peaceful space missions? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 04:26 AM PDT This has two parts: 1) Governments monitor the launch of nuclear missiles. But there are rockets being shot into space all the time. How do they know that those rockets aren't carrying nuclear weapons. 2) Satellites are shot into space regularly. How do we know that they aren't hiding nuclear weapons? submitted by /u/Flopsey [link] [comments]

How do astronomers hypothesize/determine what elements are present on planets based on telescopic images? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 07:39 AM PDT submitted by /u/weh_town [link] [comments]

How can we differenciate between cause and effect when we talk about psycological biases? Like some colours causing us to be more hungry. Posted: 02 Apr 2019 03:07 PM PDT Edit: Does red and yellow make us hungry because restaurants use it alot or do restaurants use it alot because it makes us hungry? submitted by /u/joka44 [link] [comments]

Has there been any introduction of arctic species to the antarctic or vice versa by research ships that visit both? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 04:26 AM PDT submitted by /u/nomnomnomnomRABIES [link] [comments]

What do the electrodes on an EKG measure? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 12:22 PM PDT I've been trying to learn how EKG's work and I understand what views the electrodes are detecting but I don't understand what the electrodes themselves are measuring. For example, lead I measures the positive flow of something (electrons?) from the left arm to the right arm. But if those leads are placed on the left and right wrist, how does the electrical activity of the myocytes effect the electrodes all the way at the limbs? submitted by /u/thereWasAnAttempt42 [link] [comments]

What happens to unborn that stay in the womb longer than usual? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 04:51 AM PDT If there is no artificial help like a ceasarean section and the mother doesn't get contractions, how long is the child able to stay in the womb? How will it further develop in that time? submitted by /u/bedefig [link] [comments]

If visible light and radio waves are both forms of electromagnetic radiation, do radio waves also exhibit wave/particle duality? If not, why? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 04:26 AM PDT submitted by /u/Sp00kyNoodle [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

AskScience AMA Series: Hi! We're Drs. Rebecca Schmidt from UC-Davis, and Cindy Lawler, from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, part of NIH, and we work on how environmental factors can increase risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Ask us anything!

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• AskScience AMA Series: Hi! We're Drs. Rebecca Schmidt from UC-Davis, and Cindy Lawler, from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, part of NIH, and we work on how environmental factors can increase risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Ask us anything!
• Where in your body does your food turn brown?
• As Everest grows about 1cm taller each year, is there a limit to how high it might get?
• Do nuclear reactors create Plutonium?
• On a thermodynamic level, how is it possible that both nuclear fusion and fission release energy?
• Do flowers produce pollen when they're not planted, i.e. if they're in water in a vase?
• Has the structure of an atom's nucleus been proven?
• Does a star fuse the iron at the end of it's life?
• Why don't nucleic acids precipitate during Slating-out extrations?
• What happens to a neutron star as it loses energy?
• Why do stars flicker in the night sky?
• What would happen if it was possible to split a proton using a quark?
• How did we find out what's at the center of the Earth?
• Do beavers reuse old dams/nests?
• Are there any planets that don’t orbit a star?
• Quick history of astronauts countering Van Allen radiation belts?
• Electric field lines in classical electromagnetism?
• Question About Carbon Dating: How Do We Know Prehistoric Levels of Carbon 14?
• Why can hyperventilating cause lethal changes in pH?
• Do we have any of the same cells from when we were born or have we virtually replaced ourselves?

AskScience AMA Series: Hi! We're Drs. Rebecca Schmidt from UC-Davis, and Cindy Lawler, from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, part of NIH, and we work on how environmental factors can increase risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Ask us anything! Posted: 02 Apr 2019 04:00 AM PDT Today is the 12th annual World Autism Awareness Day. In honor of that, we're here to answer your questions about how our environment can influence risk of developing Autism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, in our most vulnerable population -- our children. Autism encompasses a group of complex disorders involving brain development. Autism symptoms appear very early in childhood and include difficulties in social communication as well as restricted patterns of behavior and interests. Once considered rare, current estimates indicate that autism affects about one in 59 children in the United States. Scientists now know that ASD is most influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), part of NIH, supports autism research aimed at understanding how environmental exposures early in life may combine with genetic susceptibility to alter brain development to create the core symptoms of autism. One way we do that is to support researchers, like Dr. Schmidt, on her work focusing on maternal folic acid intake during pregnancy. Her research has found that maternal folic acid, the synthetic form of folate, is one of the first modifiable factors identified to date with the potential to reduce occurrence of ASD by 40 percent if taken near conception. Folic acid appears to protect against ASD especially in mothers and children who are genetically susceptible to ASD. Further, her provide evidence that folic acid supplements near conception might counter risk associated with gestational environmental contaminant exposures, like pesticides, air pollution, and phthalates. Her recent work shows that taking prenatal vitamins that contain folic acid in the first month of pregnancy is also associated with reduced recurrence of autism by about half in younger siblings of children with autism who are at higher risk due to shared genetics and environment. She is also looking at potential ways that folic acid might protect against autism. There are many ways the many nutrients in prenatal vitamins could be critical for brain development and could protect mechanistic pathways implicated in autism, such as epigenetics, DNA repair/synthesis, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Dr. Schmidt hopes that future research to understand the pathways involved could improve our understanding of autism etiology. Dr. Schmidt is also helping to lead the NIEHS-funded Markers of Autism Risk in Babies (MARBLES) study, which is a longitudinal study for pregnant women who have a biological child with ASD. The MARBLES study, which began in 2006, investigates possible prenatal and postpartum biological and environmental exposures and risk factors that may contribute to the development of autism. Ask us anything about Dr. Schmidt's research on folic acid, the MARBLES study, or other NIEHS-funded research on the environmental risk factors of ASD! Your hosts today are: Rebecca J. Schmidt, Ph.D., assistant professor in the Department of Public Health Sciences and the MIND Institute at UC-Davis. Rebecca enjoys flying small airplanes, paddle boarding, backpacking, and triathlons! Cindy Lawler, Ph.D., chief of the Genes, Environment, and Health Branch in the Division of Extramural Research and Training at NIEHS. Cindy is an avid walker who usually logs more than ten miles each day, and is also well known for her decorated cut-out sugar cookies! submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

Where in your body does your food turn brown? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 10:59 AM PDT I know this is maybe a stupid question, but poop is brown, but when you throw up your throw up is just the color of your food. Where does your body make your food brown? (Sorry for my crappy English) submitted by /u/Ayko03 [link] [comments]

As Everest grows about 1cm taller each year, is there a limit to how high it might get? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 05:14 AM PDT submitted by /u/photolouis [link] [comments]

Do nuclear reactors create Plutonium? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 06:08 AM PDT From my understanding, enriched uranium used in reactors has at best 20% U-235 content, while the majority is U-238. Since neutron radiation transmutes U-238 > U-239 and then decay of U-239 > Np-239 > Pu-239 how much plutonium is created by the fission process? And why isn't this radioactive 'waste' used since plutonium is fissile? submitted by /u/Raiden60 [link] [comments]

On a thermodynamic level, how is it possible that both nuclear fusion and fission release energy? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 11:44 PM PDT I know fission involves splitting atomic nuclei. Splitting a larger nucleus into smaller nuclei I think would be entropically favorable and would have a negative deltaG. So it follows that fission would release energy. Following that logic in reverse would imply fusion would not release energy at all and actually be endothermic. This is obviously not true but I'm wondering why. submitted by /u/pswjt1 [link] [comments]

Do flowers produce pollen when they're not planted, i.e. if they're in water in a vase? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 05:07 AM PDT Someone at work whose mum is a florist was saying she bitches about people in her shop complaining of hayfever-like symptoms, as apparently flowers not planted don't produce pollen. I have a feeling that this is bullshit but I can't find anything online in my own searching. Thanks submitted by /u/FloopersRetreat [link] [comments]

Has the structure of an atom's nucleus been proven? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 01:54 AM PDT I've seen in textbooks that the nucleus of an atom looks like several sphere compacted into a bigger sphere, or whatever. My thoughts are that this would have minute effects on how the nucleus affects the atom as a whole from atom to atom of the same element. Is this real? Do two atoms of the same element with different proton and neutron arrangements have miniscule differences in behavior? Or, does the arrangement not exist and it's more like some kind of 'energy soup' or light show? submitted by /u/anyusernameworks12 [link] [comments]

Does a star fuse the iron at the end of it's life? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 06:31 AM PDT So this was a lot harder to find out than i thought. People write it so loosely. They say when a star fuse silicon into iron its going to "die"/go supernova, and it cant fuse iron because it takes to much energy. So fusion stops and it implodes because it does not have that pressure of fusing. Other say when it starts to fuse iron it require more energy than it gives off, and so its going to loose energy and "die"/go supernova so in general does it actually fuse some of the iron or does it stop at the silicon to iron and it does NOT fuse the iron?. I know that it takes a lot of energy to fuse iron, and that iron is at the top of the "binding energy curve" so it does not give of more energy if fused. and that it makes heavier elements when it goes supernova, its just this "little" detail. submitted by /u/Staggy123 [link] [comments]

Why don't nucleic acids precipitate during Slating-out extrations? Posted: 02 Apr 2019 06:25 AM PDT *Salting-out I understand that the process precipitates proteins by interecting with their charges and making them "less soluble", but how is DNA "protected" from this? submitted by /u/Roxicaro [link] [comments]

What happens to a neutron star as it loses energy? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 04:52 PM PDT So a neutron star has oviously a finite amount of available energy, like any other star. I'm expecting it will cool down over a very long time, but then what? Will it undergo an explosion, like a red giant turning into a white dwarf? Will it just cool down, like a white dwarf turning into a black dwarf? If a neutron star has no longer sufficient energy to glow, what would it look like to a human observer, if it was lit by the light of a star like our Sun? submitted by /u/VirtualDeliverance [link] [comments]

Why do stars flicker in the night sky? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 07:21 PM PDT submitted by /u/krisoco [link] [comments]

What would happen if it was possible to split a proton using a quark? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 02:56 PM PDT I'd like to preface by saying I'm extremely new to splitting atoms and the technology behind it. I've been doing some research into nuclear energy and I think I understand the very basic concept of a neutron is fired at an atom which causes a chain reaction of the atom continuously splitting which creates energy. I know that inside protons are quarks, not too familiar with those but I'm learning. My question is if we could capture quarks and fire them at a proton would that create the same amount of energy, or any energy at all? submitted by /u/redslayer [link] [comments]

How did we find out what's at the center of the Earth? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 06:22 PM PDT Dumb question, but obviously we never reached the center, yet we the core is made of metal. How did we find this out? And the center of the Earth can also reach incredibly high temperatures. Why is it so hot in the center? Is it mainly due to magma or is there another factor? submitted by /u/Pakmanjosh [link] [comments]

Do beavers reuse old dams/nests? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 04:36 PM PDT submitted by /u/Shadow_B [link] [comments]

Are there any planets that don’t orbit a star? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 02:44 PM PDT submitted by /u/Aidanmartin3 [link] [comments]

Quick history of astronauts countering Van Allen radiation belts? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 10:40 PM PDT I vaguely remember being told that the first astro(and kozmo)nauts didnt know or care about the Van Allen radiation belts, and that they got stupidly lucky surviving pasing trough them. Is this true, and when did space agencies started protecting astronauts from radiation? I would be very gratefull for a answer, or a link to a very simple article/video on the subject. I did try googling the answer myself, before bothering you lovely smart people. But all the search results for Van Allen belts are 1 short wiki article and 700 000 MOON LANDING HOAX ILLUMINATI DONT WANT YOU TO KNOW THE TRUTH ABOUT ATLANTIS LEVITATION!!!!!! Im afraid that if I look at that search page any longer I might get brain cancer, so please save me from cancer. submitted by /u/Lor360 [link] [comments]

Electric field lines in classical electromagnetism? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 11:21 AM PDT This may be a dumb question for most people here, but this has been bothering me for awhile, and I am just a layman. Positive charges have lines "pointing away" from the charge while negative charges have lines "pointing toward" the charges. ​ Other than it's the "direction of the electric field," I don't know what the lines actually represent, and I don't know what the electric field actually is, but it looks like positive charges emit unlimited electric energy for as long as the charges exist, and negative charges consume unlimited electric energy. But unless I am missing something, electrons and photons have finite energy. ​ Any help appreciated. Thanks. submitted by /u/DramaticRadish [link] [comments]

Question About Carbon Dating: How Do We Know Prehistoric Levels of Carbon 14? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 10:28 AM PDT Hey all! I've been reading about radio carbon dating and I think I understand the basics. Carbon comes in two stable isotopes and an unstable isotope, Carbon 14. Carbon 14 is created in the atmosphere and eventually finds its way into the food cycle and into our bodies. We date things by looking at the percentage of Carbon 14 that is left in remains. ​ What I don't understand is how do we know that the amount of Carbon 14 that was around 20k years ago is similar to what we have today? Hypothetically, say I die today and my body has 10% Carbon 14 and 90% stable Carbon. From what I understand, and in basic terms, in ~5k years my remains would have 5% Carbon 14 and 95% stable Carbon. So what evidence is there that 20k years ago there were similar levels of Carbon 14 in living organisms? What if, 20k years ago the atmosphere wasn't producing as much C14 and something died containing only 1% C14 and 99% stable carbon? We find it today and it only has 1/16th of the 1% of C14 and we assume its age is much older? I'm sure there is a way we can tell, but I was just curious. Let me know if I'm misunderstanding anything or if my question needs more information! Thanks! ​ submitted by /u/notalltogetherhere [link] [comments]

Why can hyperventilating cause lethal changes in pH? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 11:01 AM PDT submitted by /u/Hellohowartthou [link] [comments]

Do we have any of the same cells from when we were born or have we virtually replaced ourselves? Posted: 01 Apr 2019 07:44 AM PDT submitted by /u/Expert99 [link] [comments]

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