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Sunday, January 6, 2019

What caused the growing whining sound when old propeller planes went into a nose dive?

What caused the growing whining sound when old propeller planes went into a nose dive?


What caused the growing whining sound when old propeller planes went into a nose dive?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 08:31 AM PST

I'm assuming it has to do with friction somewhere, as the whine gets higher pitched as the plane picks up speed, but I'm not sure where.

Edit: Wow, the replies on here are really fantastic, thank you guys!

TIL: the iconic "dive-bomber diving" sound we all know is actually the sound of a WWII German Ju87 Stuka Dive Bomber. It was the sound of a siren placed on the plane's gear legs and was meant to instil fear and hopefully make the enemy scatter instead of shooting back.

Here's some archive footage - thank you u/BooleanRadley for the link and info

Turns out we associate the sound with any old-school dive-bombers because of Hollywood. This kind of makes me think of how we associate the sound of Red Tailed Hawks screeching and calling with the sound of Bald Eagles (they actually sound like this) thanks to Hollywood.

Thank you u/Ringosis, u/KiwiDaNinja, u/BooleanRadley, u/harlottesometimes and everyone else for the great responses!

Edit 2: Also check out u/harlottesometimes and u/unevensteam's replies for more info!

u/harlottesometimes's reply

u/unevensteam's reply

Edit 3: The same idea was also used for bombs. Thank you u/Oznog99 for the link!

submitted by /u/osirisfrost42
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How does heat transfer between a solid to a liquid?

Posted: 06 Jan 2019 06:39 AM PST

So, I understand the process is called convection (right?), and I understand how convection works, but I'm curious about what is happening on the molecular level. If I understand it correctly, the molecules of a substance move (or vibrate or something like that) at different speeds depending on their relative heat. Hotter things move/vibrate faster, cooler things move/vibrate slower, and solids are so cold that their molecules are hardly moving at all, so the entire substance is locked up in the form of a solid. I know this is super simplified and probably full of over generalizations, but I just want to lay down the concept first.

Now we come to the root of my question: Lets imagine a glass of cold water, sitting on the table. For the sake of my poor analogy, lets forget about the part where the air touches the water (say the glass has a lid on or something). Now, the water will gradually increase to room temperature through convection. Here's the bit I don't understand. On the molecular level, the glass will have to heat up first. The heat in the air will warm the glass, which will warm the water in the glass. But the glass is a solid, and will remain so at very high temperatures. So its molecules would be moving very slowly, right? Slower than the molecules of the liquid water, right? But the glass is warmer than the water, because it has a higher melting point, and therefor transfers heat to the water. So how do slower moving/vibrating molecules transfer their greater heat/energy to faster moving/vibrating molecules?

If this belongs on a different subreddit, please let me know.

submitted by /u/Krazy-Kat15
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Has global warming had any noticeable changes in animal migration patterns?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 03:37 PM PST

Is it ever possible to move at a negative speed?

Posted: 06 Jan 2019 05:56 AM PST

Would this always be classed as some form of 'reversing' or would moving back in time be classed as a negative speed? Or is there simply no such thing and it's always a positive speed?

submitted by /u/WeNeedCheaperPastry
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Is a Mach 3 sonic boom louder than a Mach 1.5 sonic boom? Would travelling super sonic for longer periods of time increase the loudness or intensity of the boom?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 10:44 AM PST

If I understand correctly - The waves essentially cannot get out of the way quick enough when travelling supersonic and they get all bunched up. So, i have been curious to find out if speed and duration have an effect on the intensity of the sonic boom.

submitted by /u/4fingertakedown
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Experimental fusion rectors on earth require temperatures hotter than the sun. Since the sun has the process of fusion at 15million degrees, why do we need higher temperatures than the sun to achieve it?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 04:45 PM PST

How does turning on AC with heat actually help to defog a car windshield?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 05:11 PM PST

From reading various tricks to help defog the car window, people recommend turning on the AC with high heat.

However if it's set to heat the car, doesn't it bypass the AC condenser and just pump hot air from the radiator without the benefit of condensation on the condenser coils?

submitted by /u/FmBeanie
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How does a plant know which way is up so that it can grow in that direction?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 09:11 PM PST

What is laminar flow?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 08:53 PM PST

Have u guys seen some pictures/videos of a seemingly steady stream of water flowing downwards, but when a guy touches it, it behaves like a normal water stream. How does that work?

Link: https://www.reddit.com/r/blackmagicfuckery/comments/acvvwy/laminar_flow/?st=JQKZPWRL&sh=04837908

submitted by /u/housemosq
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On a molecular level, what differentiates spring steel from regular steel?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 08:49 PM PST

Why does the boiling point of water rise when you put salt in it?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 09:57 AM PST

I understand that when you impurities in to a liquid like water that the boiling point would rise, but when you put salt into water, it dissolves and free ions roam through the water. Because of the free ions electricity can be conducted throughout the water. Shouldn't it be the case that because of the free movement of electrons, heat also conducts more easily in the liquid and as a result the boiling point would decrease?

submitted by /u/KidGIN
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What is the difference between a external and internal force?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 08:28 PM PST

Why is compression a internal force? Can't it be a external force because gravity continuously compresses oneself?

submitted by /u/DrBublu
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Can you explain me the electroweak interaction in a simple way?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 09:52 AM PST

Can one of you guys please explain me how does the electroweak interaction work and in which way do electromagnetic and weak force interact?

submitted by /u/azor_lor19
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Why do insulators have a large band gap?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 06:45 PM PST

So I understand that insulators and conductors have a large bandgap, so you need to excite the electrons to move them to the conduction band to allow electricity to conduct, and I also understand that for metals, the valence and the conduction bands are continuous so that electrons can just go to the conduction band when positive and negative ends are established, but why is it that insulators have such a large band gap in the first place, whereas metals do not?

Appreciate any help!

submitted by /u/IsoLeucineLeucine
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What methods are there for solving the quantum many-body problem?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 08:57 AM PST

If anything having mass has an equivalent amount of energy and vice versa, does heating up an object change its mass? How?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 09:55 AM PST

The mass-energy equivalence states that anything having mass has an equivalent amount of energy and vice versa. If we have a mass of metal and we heat it by some x decrees Celsius then it's potential (correct definition?) energy increases. This is what I recall from my Physics classes. But how does heating up an object increase that object's mass? How does it lose mass as it cools?

submitted by /u/FirstHoratio
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If light, travelling from denser to rarer medium, is incident at an angle equal to the critical angle, it grazes the surface. However, a light traveling along the surface will not enter the medium from that same point. Is it a violation of the principle of reversibility?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 08:28 AM PST

How does a turbojet reduce the intake's air velocity to subsonic speeds when aircraft it's powering is traveling at super sonic speeds?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 10:03 AM PST

I'm trying to get a better understanding of turbojets, and one thing I've seen mentioned is that the air speed inside the engine has to be below the speed of sound. Why does the intake air speed have to be subsonic and how is it slowed? Does a ramjet accomplish slowing the air using the same principal? And what allows a scramjet to work with the intake air being super sonic?

submitted by /u/_meshy
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How are there only 7 orbitals for the “f” shape of electrons?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 10:23 AM PST

When subdividing the periodic table into sections for the orbital shapes s, p, d, and f, you can see that there are 15 elements horizontally in the "f section". However every shape must have two electrons in each orbital, but 15 is not evenly divisible by two (and to my knowledge you can't have a half-orbital). What is the cause of this, or how can it be explained?

submitted by /u/DubiousBlue
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Saturday, January 5, 2019

Askscience special thread - Panelists, what are you working on?

Askscience special thread - Panelists, what are you working on?


Askscience special thread - Panelists, what are you working on?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 10:25 AM PST

Some the older members of r/askscience might remember this thread from a few years ago where we asked panelists of r/askscience to describe their research.

The idea to get our flaired users to post a brief description of one of their current projects. Hopefully this serves to foster some more detailed discussion about your specialties!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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How come when you’re burned you’re not supposed to immediately put it in cold water? How does that hurt you more than help you?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 07:33 PM PST

Are people who were conceived using fertility treatment more likely to be infertile?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 05:53 PM PST

How does the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation emitted by an object change as the object's temperature changes?

Posted: 05 Jan 2019 07:06 AM PST

I know very little about science, but I spent part of the summer trying to learn about electromagnetic radiation. Then I took a long break. Now I'm trying to organize my notes, which are in disarray, and I want to make sure that I get everything essentially accurate.

I know that thermal energy contained within an object will be released in the form of electromagnetic radiation. And I know that as the temperature of an object increases, the spectrum of wavelengths emitted by that object will also change. But I'm not completely sure what the relationship is between temperature and emitted wavelengths.

I assume that hotter objects will release more high-energy wavelengths than colder objects - so for example, if Object X and Object Y are made out the same material, and Object X releases ultraviolet radiation, while Object Y doesn't release anything with a higher energy level than infrared, then I would assume that Object X is hotter than Object Y. Would that be an accurate assumption on my part?

submitted by /u/JFox93
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Looking at stars on a clear night, why do they seem to be gently flickering?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 08:45 PM PST

Does your eyesight actually get worse if you read in the dark for extended periods of time or often do so? Why or why not?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 03:13 PM PST

Do droughts have a specific cause that prevents rainfall for an extended period of time or are they a statistical anomaly of rainfall not occurring for an extended period of time?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 08:18 PM PST

When neutron stars collide do they immediately form a black hole or would the collision produce ejecta?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 04:48 PM PST

What prevents seeds from sprouting inside of ripening fruit?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 04:53 PM PST

How can NSAIDs increase the risk of heart attack, yet aspirin therapy reduces it?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 08:38 PM PST

When touching very hot water, why does it sometimes take a split second to finally realize how hot the water actually is?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 02:44 PM PST

What is the difference in the types microscopic life/bacteria/viruses present in a city/forest/open ocean?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 05:26 PM PST

Why don't Orcas get large, creepy external parasites?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 11:42 AM PST

I imagine they have some, but why not barnacles/whale lice (don't Google this within an hour of eating.)

submitted by /u/GretaTheBeeotch
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How do Saturn rings affect sunlight on its surface?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 04:53 PM PST

Does Saturn have a perpetual night zone where its rings cast shadow or is there a short darkness period every day on each spot of its surface (if we could say that it has one)?

submitted by /u/mgtaboada
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Plant scientists, do you know of any plants whose trichomes (hairs on plants) move intentionally/functionally? What is the function or purpose of their movement?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 04:58 PM PST

How does Bluetooth work?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 01:22 PM PST

Why is there a minimum speed to leave Earth. Why couldn't you theoretically just walk up a large staircase if you had the equipment?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 06:15 PM PST

Obligatory apologies for being on mobile.

Like if a staircase into space existed, why would that be impossible to walk up if you had a space suit? Is it the pull of gravity that gets more intense the farther you go? I hope I asked this the right way.

submitted by /u/AMiniMinotaur
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From the view of a chemist, why is lead so bad for humans?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 04:02 PM PST

I am a new high school Chem teacher and am interested in exploring the Flint Michigan issues with my class from the standpoint of a Chemist. Is there a chemical reaction that we could discuss that would explain why Pb so bad?

submitted by /u/pinhead7676
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How is allele dominant to another at a fundamental, chemical level?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 08:24 AM PST

I'm a senior in college graduating with a degree in chemistry and have always been curious about gene expression at a chemical level. Like say height or eye color, what chemical force in DNA/RNA/organelles/whatever is causing a gene to be expressed more than another or make the allele/gene "dominant"?

submitted by /u/Negromotor
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How do serotonergic hallucinogens(LSD, Psilocin, DMT) increase brain interconnectivity?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 09:29 AM PST

Obviously it's not literally rearranging neurons. That would probably be really destructive to the brain.

submitted by /u/JuxtaTerrestrial
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Do we lose intelligence, or get slower to learn new material / skills, as we age?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 05:42 AM PST

...I'm 27 and am half-convinced I can notice this already, compared to when I was in my early twenties. I'd like to know if this is true, and what sort of rate this decline will continue to happen at?

submitted by /u/HouseDownTheStreet
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Can pheromones repel animals from each other as well as they attract animals to each other?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 02:33 PM PST

More specifically, I was thinking about how humans are drawn to each other to mate/love by pheromones - but on the other hand, can pheromones cause humans to kill/hate each other? Just curious. Thanks!

submitted by /u/rexallia
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Friday, January 4, 2019

Do animals have a sense of humour?

Do animals have a sense of humour?


Do animals have a sense of humour?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 06:18 AM PST

My parents told me phones and tech emit dangerous radiation, is it true?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 04:52 AM PST

Why do physicists continue to treat gravity as a fundamental force when we know it's not a true force but rather the result of the curvature of space-time?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 07:56 AM PST

It seems that trying to unify gravity and incorporate it in The Standard Model will be impossible since it's not a true force and doesn't need a force carrying particle like a graviton or something. There is no rush to figure out what particle is responsible for water staying in the bucket when I spin it around. What am I missing?

Edit: Guys and gals thanks for all the great answers and the interest on this question. I'm glad there are people out there a lot smarter than I am working on this!

submitted by /u/nitrous729
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How are movies fipmed in 16:9 transformed into an old TV format without distortion?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 01:31 AM PST

Not sure if this is right sub for this q, but if not please tell me where to post.

So I guess this now applies to like 10+ years ago when widescreen movies like Star Wars would be played on DVDs in a "standard" format. How does the entire picture still remain without distortion? I remember when I would hit the "widescreen" setting on a standard film, everyone looked stretched out, and vice versa. I get how black bars work because they don't actually change the recorded aspect ratio. I just don't get how to seamlessly change the ratio the other way, basically making the movie 'skinnier' instead of wider than your screen.

submitted by /u/Master_Vicen
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Could a fusion reactor use any element with an atomic number lower than Iron as a source of fuel?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 02:18 AM PST

So I was reading about fusion reactions in stars. They can fuse elements up to iron and release energy. Iron and above can be fused but they absorb energy.

This got me wondering. We are experimenting with the development of fusion reactors and using different hydrogen isotopes to do this (hope I got this correct).

However, once these reactors are up, running and well understood could we use any element with an atomic number below iron as a source of fuel for these reactors?

submitted by /u/InSight89
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Why exactly do litmus change their color?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 04:21 AM PST

I just want to know the actual answer and not that it is because litmus is a natural indicator. I know that red litmus reacts with bases to turn blue and blue react with acids to turn red but that's not how we answer things in chemistry, right? What reaction actually takes place when we touch a litmus to an acid? Which reaction is happening? Which chemicals are there which react with acid or base to form whichever color is formed? I am really confused and please excuse my ignorance because I don't know actually a lot about chemistry.

submitted by /u/yusufjamal1372
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Which body part cannot develop cancer?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 05:17 AM PST

Why are births so painful? Are animal births painful too? Why we didn't evolve to have easy pregnancies? Maybe it's because this wouldn't really help us survive but I am not sure.

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 02:38 PM PST

Why does our body get weaker when we get old?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 04:12 PM PST

It probably very stupid, but why does our bodies change so drastically, when we age?

Why does our hair become grey? Do we get born with a limited amount of hair dye, and at some day its just all used? We still consume them same things when we get older, so does our body "forgets" to make our hair colourful?

Same with our skin. Why does it lose its flexibility? And why do we lose our reproductiveness with age and ultimately die?

Evolutionary thinking it does not make any sense, that we get weaker over time and eventually die.

As far as I know, our bodies "renew" themselves during a time of around seven years with old cells dying and new ones getting produced, so why are the new cells worse than the old ones?

I'm very sure that we don't get some life-spirit-power, when we get born, which we will inevitablely consume during our life until we eventually die.

For me it looks like we have a build-in self destruction, which does not make any sense for me.

submitted by /u/platonares
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What is the relationship between centrifugal force and arbitrary points of reference in space?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 07:31 AM PST

This may be a nonsensical question, but the two concepts seem to clash with each other in my mind. Objects in space are often said to only indicate motion by referencing it's relative positioning in comparison with another object. If a single object existed alone in space with no frame of reference, we would say there is no means of determining movement because it is not relative to anything else, is that correct?

So given that, what about centrifugal force? If the object is spinning and creating this force from it's movement, would that prove that it was indeed moving without an outside point of reference to compare that movement to?

submitted by /u/Zorak6
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Can you explain me this weird Coriolis effect ?

Posted: 04 Jan 2019 06:44 AM PST

Hello !

https://youtu.be/01cmMvp8Txc

Can someone explain me this ? I know it's Coriolis Effect, and it's alright for the small pipe. But for the long pipe which bends, it goes in the wrong direction.

Can you explain me why ?

Thank you very much scientist friends.

submitted by /u/Shisma
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Why do baking soda and vinegar clean surfaces?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 12:25 PM PST

I mean as in the chemistry behind it, in laymans terms

submitted by /u/00kieran
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Do birds, reptiles, and mammals other than us also use hydrochloric acid to break down food in their stomachs?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 06:07 PM PST

How can a person's risk of death "from any cause" be determined?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 05:09 PM PST

You hear statistics that state something like "getting less than X hours of sleep per night increases one's risk of death by any cause by Y percent."

How can one's risk of death "by any cause" be determined? If I sleep less than X hours per night, then by that logic is my risk of being struck by a meteorite or trampled by elephants higher? I know those are both outlandish, extreme, and absurd examples to use, but would they not fall under the category of "any cause?" Or does it just mean organic, health-related causes? "Death by any cause" just seems like a very ambiguous and unspecific choice of words.

submitted by /u/Bad_Wulph
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"For reasons even a chemist is hard-pressed to explain, ring shaped gasoline molecules are higher in octane", is this still true ?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 04:38 PM PST

I'm watching a Modern Marvels episode about gasoline, and they're on the bit explaining about hydrogen fracking, and this line stood out. This episode is probably 20 years old now, does it still hold true ?

If so, why ?

submitted by /u/Nandy-bear
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Does the Quadrantid meteor shower get noticeably smaller each year because more and more of it gets burnt up in Earth's atmosphere?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 05:11 PM PST

Is the long half-life of many types of radioactive waste paradoxical to the fact that it is dangerous?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 06:31 PM PST

I was under the impression that nuclear waste is dangerous because of the decay of nuclei producing high energy particles, but also that the waste takes a very long time to become safe (i.e. it decays very slowly.. with half lives of up to thousands of years).

Is there any particular reason both are true?

submitted by /u/WarU40
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Why is that something like a potato chip gets soft when "stale" but something like a slice of bread gets hard when stale?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 02:45 PM PST

I presume this is a physics Chemistry question and have flared it as such.

submitted by /u/wh33t
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Is the occurrence of lung cancer declining/going to decline in the US?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 09:03 AM PST

I was watching an older movie recently and as a character was smoking in an office, I had this feeling of WHOA... I remember my parents smoking in the car with the windows rolled up, sitting in the smoking section of a restaurant, etc. By the time I reached adulthood, there were several laws in effect banning smoking from many places. Now of course, there are even more. Many companies are choosing to have a smoke-free facility (even on the grounds).

With these new laws in place, second hand smoke should be a huge decrease, right? Aside from circumstances where you are exposed in a job (casino) or casually if you choose (home, bar, etc).

Are young people picking up smoking more or less? Is the vaping trend throwing a wrench in the whole deal?

submitted by /u/bethisme5683
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What makes fog more abundant in the morning?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 12:56 PM PST

What does the area need the night before to be really foggy?

submitted by /u/kingoliviersammy
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Why does black light make translucent liquids (like soda and honey) appear opaque?

Posted: 03 Jan 2019 05:01 PM PST

I'm working on a costume, using a black light to charge some glow in the dark paints. As I play with my black light, I swing it on my drink and it looks greenish and opaque under the light. Later, I shine the light on a bottle of honey and it also appears greenish and opaque. However it didn't seem to do that with a bottle of somewhat colored hand soap.

I think it has something to do with how black light is reflected and absorbed differently?

(Edit: I think this is chemistry related? Physics? I'm not sure.)

submitted by /u/Akitiki
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