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Friday, December 21, 2018

If a rectangular magnetic "plate" has an object hovering over it, and I pick up the plate, do I feel the weight of both or only the magnet plate?

If a rectangular magnetic "plate" has an object hovering over it, and I pick up the plate, do I feel the weight of both or only the magnet plate?


If a rectangular magnetic "plate" has an object hovering over it, and I pick up the plate, do I feel the weight of both or only the magnet plate?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 04:24 AM PST

So this is a project I saw in a conference today, and with my limited knowledge of highschool physics I though this felt completely bullshit. The Idea was a backpack with magnets that carry the stuff inside it so you don't have to. But according to Newton's first law, isn't the person carrying the backpack still feeling the weight of what's inside + the weight of the magnets?

submitted by /u/Alib902
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Whats the mechanism that allows us to know when we've had enough water?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 12:46 AM PST

So, if we're dehydrated and we have a glass of water how can our brain know that it was enough if the water wasn't absorbed and homeostasis wasn't reached?

submitted by /u/fuckalphanumeric
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Can we learn things while we sleep?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 07:49 PM PST

I see videos on YouTube that are a few hours long and are meant to be listened to while sleeping to help learn the language.

Does watching these videos help do anything while sleeping?

submitted by /u/netherbawss235
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Is radioactive decay temperature-dependent?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 05:58 AM PST

Does the rate of radioactive decay for an isotope vary with temperature? For example uranium-235 has a half-life of 703.8 million years, but would cooling to absolute zero (or very close to absolute zero) have a significant influence of the rate of decay?

submitted by /u/_TheRealMVP_
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Is there a Doppler effect for quantum mechanical wave functions?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 04:29 AM PST

Essentially they are also linear waves, right?

submitted by /u/Hot_Investment
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What is the difference between a white surface and a mirror?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 07:26 AM PST

Both of these surfaces reflect light, but one gives white, but the other gives the actual color. Why?

submitted by /u/sredditram
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What actually happens to someone’s body when they “freezes to death”?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 06:36 AM PST

What happens inside someone's body when they get hypothermia and die? What is stopping the body and nervous system from working in extreme cold?

submitted by /u/BigLew611
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Will my phone charge faster/more if my portable battery is in a higher position than my phone?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 01:58 AM PST

I've been wondering if the battery has to "push" electrons, so that if the phone is in a lower position, charging will be more efficient.

submitted by /u/togapops
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Can whales use their mouths to breathe as well as their blow holes? If so can they do so independently of each other?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 07:30 AM PST

Do other animals get headaches? What is happening inside the head during a headache?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 09:41 AM PST

Do insects/animals pass down memories to their offsprings? Are spiders' ability to create complex cobwebs without being taught just plainly "instinct"?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 02:22 AM PST

Like with some birds and their intricate nests, bees and beehives, etc.

I asked this here several years ago but never got a concrete answer. All of those skills/actions seems to come from complex knowledge from memory rather than just plain instinct to me but I dunno anything deeper about it really. I'm also wondering if there are recent studies about it and if they could bring more light. It's just something that I've been curious about since I was a kid.

submitted by /u/buod
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How exactly do certain drugs cause damage to the liver? Does it always regenerate?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 08:40 PM PST

Alcohol through my understanding is toxic to the liver because the byproduct of first metabolism of ethanol, acetylhyde, just damages the liver. How?

Also drugs that aren't broken down into something toxic like acetaldehyde, say phenibut, how does that damage the liver overtime? (Apparently phenibut can cause fatty liver in large dosages over time).

Concerning regeneration: I've read that a liver can recover from 1/4 it's original size compared completely. If that's the case why does full blown cirrhosis have no recovery?

Thank you!

submitted by /u/patientlydenied
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Is there any scientific evidence that anti-aging,anti-wrinkle creams, and similar remedies work?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 05:02 AM PST

Do vocal cords affect the "timbre" of an individual's cough? Or are they entirely separate functions?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 10:25 PM PST

Copper has four shells with 2, 8, 18 and 1 electrons, being the later the outmost shell. We know that electrons occupy shells according to their energy level. What happens if in the copper case, we remove one electron from the inner shell? Will outer shell electrons move to occupy the vacant space?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 02:10 AM PST

I mean, one electron from the second shell decays to occupy the vacant space in the first shell, and so one? or will the spot continue vacant? If the first option is true, what element we will have after that? It is not copper anymore, isn't it?

submitted by /u/CoolAppz
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How do organs and body parts know when to stop growing?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 07:54 AM PST

For example, how do the cells of the nose know to stop multiplying once they get to a certain size. I understand that genetics control things such as nose size, but is DNA aware of when the body parts grow to the appropriate size and proportions.

submitted by /u/GrassAndKitties
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Do trains use a disproportionate amount of fuel accelerating from a stop to their operating speed? Can this be quantified for a train of a given weight and power output?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 07:45 AM PST

Trains are quite fuel efficient due to the low friction levels between steel wheels and steel rail. Once a train is up to operating speed it seem like you'd only have to use enough fuel to overcome that low friction level, air resistance, and gravity if you were going up a hill. Does this mean a disproportionate amount of fuel is consumed while accelerating from zero to operating speeds?

Let's assume a flat track of 100 miles in length, a train weighing 10,000 tons, and a power to weight ratio of 2hp per ton: how much fuel does the train consume to move that 100 miles? How much fuel is used in the first two miles vs the last 98?

submitted by /u/MountainMantologist
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Is there an area of effect for radiation?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 06:22 PM PST

There were experiments on the demon core which took several lives due to radiation exposure. If the incident hadn't been quickly stopped, would the core have just remained in a critical state until it eventually decayed or would it over heat and melt or would it explode? Also, what sort of area would be consider lethal due to radiation?

submitted by /u/jesshiltz
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Why are fungal infections/diseases rarer than bacterial or viral infections?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 09:30 PM PST

Diseases that are most prominent in the public consciousness are always viral or bacterial. Most awareness for diseases caused by fungi seems to be limited to fungal skin infections.

Are there serious fungal diseases that are widespread? If no, then why not?

submitted by /u/vegankush
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Does a car's combustion engine work in space? Specifically, would it work in a vacuum?

Posted: 21 Dec 2018 06:56 AM PST

I want to know if you could drive a car in an airless environment. Assume gravity is the same as earth. (Or not, if you want to score bonus points.)

submitted by /u/FalconAt
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There are indications that cannabis might have regulative properties in diabetics, does quitting the consumption of cannabis products produce a diabetic upward spike?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 10:22 PM PST

Layman here. I've read on this article that cannabis may be a regulating factor in diabetics by stabilizing blood sugar levels. Are there any indications that suddenly quitting the consumption of cannabinoids may produce a negative effect in regulating blood sugar, and if so for how long and how can the system return to its normal levels?

submitted by /u/JesusDeSaad
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How closely could a satellite orbit a moon or planet that has no atmosphere?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 04:00 PM PST

Thursday, December 20, 2018

Why do we get random thoughts of violence that we discard?

Why do we get random thoughts of violence that we discard?


Why do we get random thoughts of violence that we discard?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 05:55 AM PST

I'm sure this doesn't just happen to me as people that I talk to say it happens to them. For example I'll be driving home and then the thought to take out the back wheel of an eighteen wheeler enters my head and then leaves, or just sitting in an office and getting the thought of have a grenade go off in the room or some other violent act, but it always goes away and I never act on it and it never returns.

submitted by /u/Paincoast89
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Is it possible to build a circuit or electronic device in such a way that it wouldn't matter which way you insert the batteries?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 04:36 AM PST

I tried googling this answer, but all I got was tutorials for beginner circuitry projects.

submitted by /u/gideonwilhelm
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Can/is there a green or black star?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 05:33 AM PST

How did Eratosthenes accurately get the radius of the Earth?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 05:26 AM PST

Eratosthenes's experiment was done on the assumption that the rays of light from the sun are parallel, but at the same time, light in our environment is bending due to refraction? How exactly do you get accurate results with that assumption.

submitted by /u/DarkChance11
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What are the low level computational operations necessary to perform 1 + 1, or other whole number additions?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 05:42 PM PST

Assuming you have as much memory space as you need, what does the series of steps boil down to logically to perform this operation on a theoretical computer?

I'm guessing there are many ways to do this, but is there a method with the provably least amount of steps that is also capable of arbitrary whole number addition?

submitted by /u/Matt-ayo
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Is aluminum arcing in a microwave the same principle as the photoelectric effect or is the interaction different?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 12:00 AM PST

Why weren't older CPUs (like the 6502) clocked at much higher speeds?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 06:59 AM PST

I can't figure out why older CPU's couldn't have been clocked at much higher speeds. I understand that propogation delay is an issue but I would have thought they could have at least run a lot faster without that being an issue. Were old transistors much slower to switch or were the clock speeds just low so they could communicate with slow RAM?

submitted by /u/swintonhiro
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Why are creases in paper impossible to smooth out?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 11:54 AM PST

What about the material of paper makes that so difficult compared to, say, a folded cloth?

submitted by /u/liamemsa
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What is the simplest form of cellular specialization? What does it look like?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 07:23 AM PST

I'm curious about the beginnings of multicellular life; in particular what could cause two single-celled organisms of the same species to specialize in a mutually beneficial way when they're essentially clones?

submitted by /u/TOMATO_ON_URANUS
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Were Henrietta Lack's cells special?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 12:22 PM PST

I was wondering if Henrietta's cells were special to begin with, or if the same result, that is making the immortal cells so important in research, could have been achieved by using canceorus cells from any other person?

submitted by /u/shinneui
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Why don't nuclear reactors behave like nuclear weapons?

Posted: 20 Dec 2018 06:32 AM PST

I thought they both used the same process, so why does one explode and the other doesn't?

submitted by /u/TheDyslexicMelon
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Do other species cough like humans?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 04:10 PM PST

Why do heavier atoms have more neutrons in their nucleus?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 07:35 PM PST

So, afaik atoms have a repulsive energy, and an "atomic energy" that keep nuclei together. The latter is more powerful than repulsive energy once the nuclei get close enough. Something I don't understand is how/why MORE neutrons help in heavier atoms such as Uranium. In my understanding, the more neutrons there are, the further away the protons are from eachother thus making the atomic energy lesser? Therefore it's more unstable? I can't find anything online to explain this to me, so I am hoping someone here will share some wisdom with this suffering student.

submitted by /u/Rmster
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What determines the distance at which the four fundamental forces can operate?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 05:19 PM PST

Do microquakes via oil fracking lessen the chance of large scale earthquakes?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 02:03 PM PST

Oil fracking causes hundreds, if not thousands, of microquakes. I was just wondering if that constant activity would take away enough tension to make it so a huge one couldn't happen. Or would the activity make the chance greater.

submitted by /u/Aardvark_Astronaut
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How does the law of conservation of momentum agree with Newton's second and third laws?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 04:39 PM PST

Fuel for nightmares: since megarachne (1.8ft) is now classified as a eurypterid, what was the largest spider to have ever lived?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 12:34 PM PST

Wednesday, December 19, 2018

If an ant was the size of a human, would it still be able to lift 10x it’s body weight?

If an ant was the size of a human, would it still be able to lift 10x it’s body weight?


If an ant was the size of a human, would it still be able to lift 10x it’s body weight?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 02:23 AM PST

Are people with photographic memories less prone to developing false memories?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 07:38 PM PST

For example, memories getting revised in the act of recall, or memories being tampered with through bad interrogation techniques.

Also, are they less prone to dissociating from certain memories, like the memory of a very traumatic event?

submitted by /u/femto97
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Do we know why those with Autism/Aspergers/ASD tend to fixate and obsess intensely over certain perhaps unusual things?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 06:40 PM PST

I have ASD and I've always wondered this. I was thinking that in a similar way to the proposed model of Aberrant Salience for psychosis (which says that psychotic symptoms first emerge when excess dopamine leads to the attribution of significance to stimuli that would normally be considered irrelevant), a similar thing happens in ASD.

Am I on the right track or am I completely off?

submitted by /u/Subs-man
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Do any of the stars in the centre of our galaxy harbour planets?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 04:57 AM PST

I'm also curious as to whether there are a ton of star/planet collisions in the centre.. I'm assuming there would be massive, massive explosions of stars constantly blowing themselves up.

submitted by /u/chewy_mcchewster
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Do mosquitoes communicate amongst themselves?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 05:54 AM PST

Ask Anything Wednesday - Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 07:11 AM PST

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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What necessities (food, air, fluids, etc..) would silicon based lifeforms need to sustain life?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 05:53 AM PST

Is gravitational bending of light wavelength-dependent?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 12:18 AM PST

Obviously it is dependent on the mass of the object bending the straight path of light.

But does the bending depend on the wavelength of the light? (Ie. is there something like chromatic aberration in optical lenses when looking at gravitational lensing?).

Also, does gravitational lensing itself cause an additional redshift effect? (Which I would expext as the proper length of the path of light is lengthened/stretched).

(I wasn't quite sure whether this eas better flaired Physics or Astronomy; mods having experience, please feel free to reassign).

Thanks for your insightful answers!

submitted by /u/szpaceSZ
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What is the influence of pressure on the speed of sound ?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 02:57 AM PST

I am currently working on the automatisation of a silver iodide generator.I have to check an acetone level in a pressurised container, usually between 4 and 10 bars. So I will use ultrasound to get an approximate value of the distance between the top of the container and the surface of the liquid. I was wondering if I there was a link between the speed of sound and the pression inside of the container or if it close to 340m/s.

submitted by /u/Gw3nn2B
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Is it more efficient to let a building cool down while absent?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 06:55 AM PST

We recently had a longer discussion about energy-efficient heating. If you are leaving your house for an hour, an afternoon, a week-end or a week, is it more energy-efficient to (A) turn all the heating down or off, and to re-heat the building when you come back, or to (B) keep the heating at a constant level?

The argument for (A) was that overall, the heating has to replace the energy lost by the house to the environment. When the house cools down, it overall loses less energy since the temperature gradient to the environment will be smaller (law of thermal conduction), so the amount of energy to replace when you turn the heat back up will be less than if the heating was constant.

The argument for (B) was that the (inner) walls of the building would start to cool down, and that they need significantly more energy to be re-heated.

Or does it depend on some additional factors, like the time span, the heat different, the building properties etc.?

There are of course more practical issues like pipes freezing, mold building up etc. that are out of scope for this question.

submitted by /u/grumbelbart2
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How does radiometric dating work?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 07:39 PM PST

I think I understand the basic concept of radiometric dating by counting the ratio of parent to daughter elements, but in order to date something from long ago it seems like you would need to have at least 7 pieces of information:

  1. The original ratio of parent to daughter elements in the sample at its formation

  2. How many parent atoms were lost from the sample through the ages

  3. How many parent atoms were added to the sample through the ages

  4. How many daughter atoms were lost from the sample through the ages

  5. How many daughter atoms were added to the sample through the ages

  6. The shape of the rate of decay curve throughout the life of the sample

  7. The current ratio of parent to daughter elements in the sample

It seems like we're able to find #7 and a small fraction of #6 through modern instruments and reviewing data records, but I can't conceive of how the other data points could possibly be measured.

Is there a way to measure 1-6 that I'm just unaware of, or is the accepted practice that of assuming data points with some sort of justification that doesn't rely on direct empirical data?

submitted by /u/soladeogloria
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Is there a formula to find out at which distance (me-points) two points look like one?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 11:10 PM PST

Hey, I have a question about the resolving power. At which distance (from the points) do two 5cm points, with 5cm in between them, look like one? Is there some kind of formula to find out from any distance (me-points), that I could use like a cross multiplication?

If there were two points on the moon, it would look like one seen from Earth. But at what dimensions/distance etc..?

Thanks

submitted by /u/Exella
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Is there any voltage potential difference between the Earth and the Moon?

Posted: 19 Dec 2018 01:13 AM PST

If we could have a giant, purely ideal, voltmeter, and put one probe in Earth's soil and the other in the Moon's soil, what would it measure?

submitted by /u/mislavcro123
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Why are flight times not affected by the Earths rotation?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 12:27 PM PST

Why aren't our satellites that orbit within the Roche limit torn apart?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 04:12 PM PST

How hot is the accretion disk of a black hole?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 03:51 PM PST

Doing some science fiction stuff, need an accurate gauge of how hot the accretion disk of a black hole is. Google search yielded no results.

Thanks!

submitted by /u/SchwarzSabbath
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Why does the shingles vaccine work?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 10:14 AM PST

My understanding of the way vaccines work is that it gives your body a chance to create antibodies so when it comes in contact with the actual virus it knows how to fight it. So, why is it that you can get shingles more than once but a vaccine exists? Wouldn't having the virus originally give you the antibodies that you would get from the vaccine?

submitted by /u/horizonview
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Is it possible for two planets to orbit so closely to one another that their atmospheres intersect?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 04:56 PM PST

Is it possible for two planets to orbit so closely to one another that their atmospheres intersect? Has such a scenario been observed?

Is it theoretically possible for this to occur without the two planets destroying one another?

submitted by /u/Im-A-Scared-Child
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Why is specific heat capacity of saltwater lower than that of pure water?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 08:37 PM PST

Why is specific heat capacity of saltwater lower than that of pure water? Does the explanation has anything to do with intermolecular forces? Thank you in advance!

submitted by /u/Capuuuu
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Why is it justified to use just even one "free" parameter in theories in the physical sciences?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 06:09 PM PST

Why is it okay to tune a free parameter (or maybe a few free parameters) in order to get the results you are aiming for?

submitted by /u/PuppyLand95
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Is the surface of the sun (disregarding flares) mostly smooth, mostly in flux, or are there consistent peaks and valleys, similar to Earth?

Posted: 18 Dec 2018 09:54 AM PST