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Sunday, December 9, 2018

Why aren't deep sea brine "lakes" soluble to the surrounding water?

Why aren't deep sea brine "lakes" soluble to the surrounding water?


Why aren't deep sea brine "lakes" soluble to the surrounding water?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 08:36 PM PST

Since the pools have higher concentrations of solute, what prevents the surrounding water molecules from being drawn into the pool and eventually diluting it?

Clearly this doesn't happen since we observe pools, but what's going on at the molecular level?

submitted by /u/KaladinStormShat
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Why can't LEDs produce radio waves or x-rays?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 11:52 PM PST

Is it that we just haven't been able to produce an LED with the right bandgap? Are we just not interested in the production of non visible LEDs (with the exception of UV and some IR) or is there a more fundamental reason? And as a follow up question: If we could create a radio wave LED, could we transmit radio wave signals with it?

submitted by /u/zorro97
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Why does the ULA Delta 4 Heavy use an asymmetrical engine startup?

Posted: 09 Dec 2018 07:48 AM PST

The three engines are arranged in a line. I saw a post today about a scrubbed launch, and one of the details in the linked CBS story was that the hold order was given "...a half second before the first of the Delta 4 Heavy's three side-by-side Common Booster Core engines was scheduled to ignite and throttle up to full thrust, followed two seconds later by the center and left-side CBCs." I'm certain there's a good reason for doing it this way, but all I've found through Google is the sequence, not the reasoning behind it.

submitted by /u/yourmomssubluminal
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How does a bear knows when wintertime is over ?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 08:09 PM PST

What i mean is that bears hibernate during winter, but how could they know it is not sleep time any more ?

submitted by /u/Gzorax
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Do different types if love show up differently inside our brains?

Posted: 09 Dec 2018 06:46 AM PST

For example, does can we distinguish between somebody describing their love for a romantic interest versus their love for a hobby they are deeply passionate about?

submitted by /u/littleredknight
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How close together are particles and antiparticles created?

Posted: 09 Dec 2018 02:24 AM PST

I am an engineer and I apologize if my question is confused. When multiple particles and antiparticles are created from a gamma photon or from the annihilation of an electron and a positron for example, how far apart are the new particles created from each other? Is there a "fuzzy" region where this happens? If so, what are its dimensions? Do we know what happens at the moment of this creation? If the region is small enough, would the new particle and anti particle annihilate each other? Thank you.

submitted by /u/BBaroudi
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How does a nuclear weapon gets detonated in ground ? How does reaction occur ?

Posted: 09 Dec 2018 07:51 AM PST

Why are antenna receivers orb-shaped?

Posted: 09 Dec 2018 03:34 AM PST

Hey,

I'm watching some show called Pine Gap on Netflix, but noticed that the receivers are full orbs, with hexagonal plates on it.

What's the reason for this? Wouldn't it be more beneficial if they're just large tray disks?

submitted by /u/Hoder_
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What is the Island of Stability and why do elements get more unstable as the nuclei get bigger?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 03:47 PM PST

How does gravity change around the surface of the earth?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 01:54 PM PST

I've recently made a major relocation, distance, height above sea level, and what not, and it made me curious how gravity changes as we move around the globe. I haven't had enough schooling to understand the professional papers I've tried to read. So i wondered if anyone could point me to a resource that would tell me the gravimetric differences between two points on the planet?

submitted by /u/ProstheticAnus
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How do satellites remain in orbit and not fall or run away in space ?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 05:21 PM PST

Hello All ,

How do man made satellites stay in space , and not fall towards earth or run away into space ?

Also , what makes the satellites to revolve around earth ?

Thank you.

submitted by /u/lance_klusener
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Why does it take download speeds time to reach highs and lows?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 05:17 PM PST

When downloading something, the speed won't jump instantaneously to maximum. It's like it's a damped system, and encounters a resistance to changing, and it needs time to accelerate and decelerate. Why? It's just data. Why should download speeds take time to ramp up?

submitted by /u/ABigMoo
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All fingerprints are different, but how different are they?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 12:41 PM PST

I'm interested on what data is available on human fingerprint variation. Specifically standard deviations or possibly a graph of what the "average" fingerprint looks like. If not, I'd like to attempt the project if any data is available?

Reason: I'm high and that thought spontaneously came into my head and I think that layout of the average map could be a good logo for a universal human optimization company or something haha

submitted by /u/zHOF
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During the Apollo missions how was it possible for the lunar modules to leave the moon with so little fuel?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:31 PM PST

As I understand when something is launch into orbit we need massive amounts of fuel just to leave Earth's atmosphere. I am aware that the moon has 1/6 the gravity of Earth so wouldn't we at least need 1/6 of the fuel? If that is the case how are the lunar modules so small, why doesn't it need the detachable fuel modules that rockets use here on Earth? Does the lack of an atmosphere on the moon has something to do with it?

PS: English is not my first language.

submitted by /u/SergeantCuddles
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How do you seperate chemical components from a mixture, then identifiy what thise chemical components are?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:05 PM PST

Say I had a mass of dirt and wanted to separate each chemical component, then determine exactly what the structure of each unknown chemical component is. How would I do that?

submitted by /u/justsomequestionsxzx
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At any given time, where is most of your blood located?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 07:12 AM PST

I can't seem to find a definitive answer and figured I'd ask here. At any given moment, which system holds the majority of your blood: arterial system or the venous system?

submitted by /u/Seafox55
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Saturday, December 8, 2018

Does the sun fade rocks?

Does the sun fade rocks?


Does the sun fade rocks?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:39 AM PST

Is the volume of Earth's atmosphere constant or does it change?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 03:17 AM PST

If i turn 1 litre of liquid water into 100 litres of steam, did i increase the volume of Earth's atmosphere by 99 litres?

submitted by /u/_Alchemage_
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Can really low pitch, loud sounds damage your ears even if you can't hear them?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 07:48 AM PST

Can scars form on the inside of the body as well?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 10:26 PM PST

Why do the hot gases of a pyroclastic flow down a mountainside rather than rise up into the atmosphere? Don’t hot gases rise?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 06:29 AM PST

Why exactly does water put out fire so effectively? Both oxygen and hydrogen merrily burn, so why is the combination of the two such a great anti-fire agent, from a physics standpoint?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 08:24 PM PST

Why does getting hit in the testicles hurt so bad?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 07:27 AM PST

Is fusion power still on track, 20 years later?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 04:39 PM PST

In discussions like this one, this graph is often referenced, which shows the progress that's been made in fusion power, measured as triple product vs time:

Fusion: figure-of-merit (the 'triple product') doubles every 1.8 years

But the last point on that graph is around 1998, 20 years ago. When I Google Image search "triple product over time", this decades-old graph is the only one I see.

Is the triple product still doubling every 1.8 years? What would this graph look like if updated to today?

submitted by /u/astralbrane
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How did they originally get oxygen to the International Space Station?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 03:39 PM PST

Do donor organs impact chronic medical conditions?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:55 AM PST

If a person with a chronic medical condition (not a disease) received a new body part from an affected area, would they still have the chronic medical condition? Ex: if an asthmatic received a lung transplant, would they still have asthma?

submitted by /u/Laislypaisly
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How have scientists been able to figure out the shape of cell receptors and what drugs(molecules) can fit in them?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 09:43 PM PST

To add to that how have they also been able to figure out not only the shape of the receptor and molecule that fits in such receptor, but also the effect the molecule has by interacting with the receptor. If im correct I know some receptors can be acted upon in multiple ways that one molecule that fits in the receptor or can interact with it can be an agonist, but also another molecule maybe with a similar shape can fit/interact in/with the same receptor. Scientist obviously can't microscope down to the molecular level to analyze a receptor which is most likely a highly complex 3D Functional portion, so how were we able to come this far to analyze and know the shape of the receptor and its chemical properties. I know scientist can analyze stand alone molecules themselves through NMR, Electronegativity analysis, using ligands; but I don't see how that could be possible being that a receptor is not stand alone and the process of trying to isolate it from the cell would either degrade it or cause it to become unstable. I know I probable asked this question in a way that could possibly need in depth explanation but understanding processes and deducing things to its smaller subunits really interest me which is why many things in biochemistry interest me. If I am also incorrect on anything stated please feel free to correct me.

submitted by /u/BolKa3
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To what degree has the pattern of the night sky and relative position of stars visible from Earth changed throughout human history?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 11:44 PM PST

A guy I work with is a either a) a legit flat-earther or b) a Socratic-genius inspiring people to question common beliefs they've taken for granted. One of his argument was that given the motion of our solar system around the spiral arm of our galaxy changing patterns in the night sky ought to be more visible. Are the stars' relative stillness a result of our limited perspective? Perhaps as a result of the (literally) astronomical distances? Or maybe relative motion among the local cluster and other easily visible stars? Or does the night sky change noticeably in a time scale relevant to recorded history?

submitted by /u/vadermellon
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Can cell division be resumed after it gets stopped by, for example, colchicine?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 05:26 AM PST

Why should anode be dried when measuring Faradays Constant?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:47 AM PST

I understand that the mass of the anode increases when it is wet but why does it decrease faradays constant?

submitted by /u/student3737
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When did paleontologists and geologists first estimate the age of fossils and rocks?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:36 AM PST

I'm trying to find a resource relating to the history of geological dating methods, and also to early thinkers who first asked these questions.

submitted by /u/lax_incense
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Do planets stay on the same path when orbiting the sun, or do they move on a Y axis?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 08:35 PM PST

In case my title didn't properly convey what i was asking; in most renditions of the solar system, all the planets are depicted as being level with each other when orbiting the sun. are the planets of our solar system actually level with each other, or do they vary in levelness with the other planets?

submitted by /u/chadkndr
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Where do they get the nutrients and minerals from in fortified breakfast cereal?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 02:43 PM PST

Is an element's emission and absorption spectra identical? And what can that imply?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 10:48 PM PST

If an element only absorbs certain wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation are the wavelengths it gives out identical?

So matter only absorbs or reflects electromagnetic radiation? Are those the only two possible modes of interaction between the two?

I will have lots more questions once the answers start pouring in.

submitted by /u/gorby97
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If something is faster than the speed of sound, it's supersonic. And slower is subsonic. If something is the same as the speed of sound, is it just considered "sonic"?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 08:01 AM PST

Radiation absorbed by a solar panel?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 10:23 PM PST

Can Lead metal be used in a solar panel to absorb gamma radiation and emit energy??

submitted by /u/sanjith565
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How is the observation of the change of size of a black hole possible? Why aren't there a plethora of paradoxes of block hole observation?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 08:50 PM PST

We seem to be able to detect black holes which are growing faster than others:

https://earthsky.org/space/astronomers-find-fastest-growing-black-hole

But since from our frame of reference - we can never observe anything falling past the event horizon of a black hole - doesn't it follow that we could never observe their growth?

Since matter appears to slow down as it approaches the event horizon - wouldn't we expect to observe matter to appear increasingly dense around the event horizon? What would this even look like?

Presumably - if supplied with enough additional mass over time - the space immediately around the event horizon would appear to contain a density of mass greater than that required to form a singularity itself. Matter further away from the event horizon would appear to be moving quicker toward the matter closer to the event horizon - and thus would approach, but never catch up to the matter closest to the event horizon itself.

submitted by /u/Oraphalous
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Friday, December 7, 2018

If weight is the measured effect of gravity on an object, and gravity is stronger the closer to the object’s center of mass the measuring object is, do objects high in the atmosphere weigh less than those on the ground, from a physics standpoint?

If weight is the measured effect of gravity on an object, and gravity is stronger the closer to the object’s center of mass the measuring object is, do objects high in the atmosphere weigh less than those on the ground, from a physics standpoint?


If weight is the measured effect of gravity on an object, and gravity is stronger the closer to the object’s center of mass the measuring object is, do objects high in the atmosphere weigh less than those on the ground, from a physics standpoint?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 11:10 PM PST

Does modern sedentary lifestyle contribute to the rising amount of depression?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 06:40 AM PST

Hello r/askscience!

Nowadays people are less physically active, and the rate of depression has been rising. Physical exercise is regularly advised as a remedy for depression and other mental health issues. Could it therefore be, that normal mental health requires a "homeostatic" amount of physical activity? Does sedentary lifestyle play a part in the grand scheme of more people becoming depressed?

Thanks for the answers :)

submitted by /u/ReallyEdgyUsername
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How does our body heat itself up so significantly when it's sick?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 06:53 AM PST

What exactly does it do to accomplish this? Presumably the fevered person is just lying in bed all day, so how does the body produce so much more heat than usual?

I'd imagine it has something to do with burning more energy in your body, but it's not like the chemical energy stored in our fat can be directly converted to thermal energy, right?

submitted by /u/SengokuHop
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Are negative mass and anti matter the same thing?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 07:26 PM PST

When did we know that birds are descended from dinosaurs?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 07:12 AM PST

I remember back in school, some 25 years ago, that I was taught that maybe birds and dinosaurs were related but that there was no real evidence.

Did paleontologists (or whoever knows these things) not know back then, or was my teacher's information just outdated?

submitted by /u/bawng
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Is it possible to stop a reaction midway to study an intermediate?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 07:08 AM PST

For example, in a synthesis of an inorganic compound (so enzymes will not necessarily be involved), is there a practical means of halting the progress of a reaction to study intermediates?

submitted by /u/throwaway1792747
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How is angular momentum conserved as orbiting bodies become tidally-locked?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 04:59 PM PST

Would a nuclear explosion in outer space actually do anything?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 12:12 PM PST

A nuclear explosion on earth is so damaging because of the intense heat of the fissioned material results in the super-heated atmosphere around it rapidly expanding outward into a shock wave. Its the same way a lightning bolt makes window-rattling thunder, just amplified by a billion.

So in outer space, with no atmosphere to expand, wouldn't a nuclear reaction just make a point of intense heat until the material was used up, with no actual "shock wave" of pressure or material expanding outward? Is the idea of detonating a nuclear bomb next to an asteroid to break it apart just science fiction?

submitted by /u/Balhannoth
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How does NASA come up with mission names?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 03:31 PM PST

Some of the names that NASA gives missions make sense, like Gemini was called that because the two-person capsule. Others, like InSight, don't make a lot of sense to me. It's actually called "The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport" and InSight is the short version, but which of these names came first? Do they come up with the short name and then give it a fancy name, or come up with the fancy name and shorten it?

submitted by /u/condog1035
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What would the Solar neutrino spectrum look like?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 02:07 PM PST

The Solar electromagnetic spectrum has a distinct character, full of emission and absorption lines. What would an analogous spectrum "look" like if we observed the various frequencies/wavelengths of neutrinos coming from the sun?

submitted by /u/Thowi42
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why is the moon so spherical if it doesn't spin on it's own axis?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 03:03 PM PST

i thought the moon was the result of an impact of another mass with the earth. How did it become an almost perfect sphere if it doesn't spin?

submitted by /u/Dug78
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Why don't we set the speed of light to exactly 300 million meters per second and 1 meter to 1/300,000,000?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 08:24 PM PST

How do ruminants send food to the rumen and chewed cud to the omasum?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 07:04 AM PST

From what I understand, ruminants (e.g. cows) eat their food where it's first broken down in the first two chambers of their stomach creating cud. Then they regurgitate the cud and chew it to break it down further before swallowing again where digestion is then completed by the last two stomach chambers and intestines.

When swallowing food or cud, what is the mechanism that "selects" where it ends up?

submitted by /u/dave7673
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Is Bioelectrogenesis possible for the human body?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 11:26 AM PST

I want to start out by saying that I'm working on a fictional script, in which my characters have been biologically modified with some of natures phenomenons/more complex features. I'm not using magic as a cop out to give my characters powers, although visually, I'd like to exaggerate the visuals a bit. All in all, I'm trying to be scientifically conscientious.

One of my characters is going to be capable of Bioelectrogenesis. I want this character to be able to discharge a bolt of electricity visually similar to the way Thor shoots a bolt of lightning at Iron man in the first Avengers movie.

From what I understand, the human body could theoretically be a home to cells that create an electrical imbalance potential. In order to have such a biological feature, the body would need to produce some kind of fuel to sustain Bioelectrogenesis.

My rudimentary recipe is: Synthetic Hunter's organ (found on an electric eel) + Adrenaline containing ATP = Human ability to discharge electricity.

The problems I'm facing are being able to explain (or at least know the reason in my head) how my character can emit a bolt of electricity from his/her arm, and how this would be possible in on land rather than in water like an eel.

submitted by /u/WinterSoldier55
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Are Cichlids in the perch family?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 08:53 AM PST

I've recently been quite confused around this. are cichlids still a type of perciform fish? or is cichliformes a new group that isn't perciform?

thanks.

submitted by /u/Azathothoursavior
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Why is Xenon used to power ion thrusters instead of other noble gases?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 07:49 AM PST