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Saturday, December 8, 2018

Does the sun fade rocks?

Does the sun fade rocks?

Does the sun fade rocks?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:39 AM PST

Is the volume of Earth's atmosphere constant or does it change?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 03:17 AM PST

If i turn 1 litre of liquid water into 100 litres of steam, did i increase the volume of Earth's atmosphere by 99 litres?

submitted by /u/_Alchemage_
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Can really low pitch, loud sounds damage your ears even if you can't hear them?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 07:48 AM PST

Can scars form on the inside of the body as well?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 10:26 PM PST

Why do the hot gases of a pyroclastic flow down a mountainside rather than rise up into the atmosphere? Don’t hot gases rise?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 06:29 AM PST

Why exactly does water put out fire so effectively? Both oxygen and hydrogen merrily burn, so why is the combination of the two such a great anti-fire agent, from a physics standpoint?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 08:24 PM PST

Why does getting hit in the testicles hurt so bad?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 07:27 AM PST

Is fusion power still on track, 20 years later?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 04:39 PM PST

In discussions like this one, this graph is often referenced, which shows the progress that's been made in fusion power, measured as triple product vs time:

Fusion: figure-of-merit (the 'triple product') doubles every 1.8 years

But the last point on that graph is around 1998, 20 years ago. When I Google Image search "triple product over time", this decades-old graph is the only one I see.

Is the triple product still doubling every 1.8 years? What would this graph look like if updated to today?

submitted by /u/astralbrane
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How did they originally get oxygen to the International Space Station?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 03:39 PM PST

Do donor organs impact chronic medical conditions?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:55 AM PST

If a person with a chronic medical condition (not a disease) received a new body part from an affected area, would they still have the chronic medical condition? Ex: if an asthmatic received a lung transplant, would they still have asthma?

submitted by /u/Laislypaisly
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How have scientists been able to figure out the shape of cell receptors and what drugs(molecules) can fit in them?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 09:43 PM PST

To add to that how have they also been able to figure out not only the shape of the receptor and molecule that fits in such receptor, but also the effect the molecule has by interacting with the receptor. If im correct I know some receptors can be acted upon in multiple ways that one molecule that fits in the receptor or can interact with it can be an agonist, but also another molecule maybe with a similar shape can fit/interact in/with the same receptor. Scientist obviously can't microscope down to the molecular level to analyze a receptor which is most likely a highly complex 3D Functional portion, so how were we able to come this far to analyze and know the shape of the receptor and its chemical properties. I know scientist can analyze stand alone molecules themselves through NMR, Electronegativity analysis, using ligands; but I don't see how that could be possible being that a receptor is not stand alone and the process of trying to isolate it from the cell would either degrade it or cause it to become unstable. I know I probable asked this question in a way that could possibly need in depth explanation but understanding processes and deducing things to its smaller subunits really interest me which is why many things in biochemistry interest me. If I am also incorrect on anything stated please feel free to correct me.

submitted by /u/BolKa3
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To what degree has the pattern of the night sky and relative position of stars visible from Earth changed throughout human history?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 11:44 PM PST

A guy I work with is a either a) a legit flat-earther or b) a Socratic-genius inspiring people to question common beliefs they've taken for granted. One of his argument was that given the motion of our solar system around the spiral arm of our galaxy changing patterns in the night sky ought to be more visible. Are the stars' relative stillness a result of our limited perspective? Perhaps as a result of the (literally) astronomical distances? Or maybe relative motion among the local cluster and other easily visible stars? Or does the night sky change noticeably in a time scale relevant to recorded history?

submitted by /u/vadermellon
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Can cell division be resumed after it gets stopped by, for example, colchicine?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 05:26 AM PST

Why should anode be dried when measuring Faradays Constant?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:47 AM PST

I understand that the mass of the anode increases when it is wet but why does it decrease faradays constant?

submitted by /u/student3737
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When did paleontologists and geologists first estimate the age of fossils and rocks?

Posted: 08 Dec 2018 02:36 AM PST

I'm trying to find a resource relating to the history of geological dating methods, and also to early thinkers who first asked these questions.

submitted by /u/lax_incense
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Do planets stay on the same path when orbiting the sun, or do they move on a Y axis?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 08:35 PM PST

In case my title didn't properly convey what i was asking; in most renditions of the solar system, all the planets are depicted as being level with each other when orbiting the sun. are the planets of our solar system actually level with each other, or do they vary in levelness with the other planets?

submitted by /u/chadkndr
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Where do they get the nutrients and minerals from in fortified breakfast cereal?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 02:43 PM PST

Is an element's emission and absorption spectra identical? And what can that imply?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 10:48 PM PST

If an element only absorbs certain wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation are the wavelengths it gives out identical?

So matter only absorbs or reflects electromagnetic radiation? Are those the only two possible modes of interaction between the two?

I will have lots more questions once the answers start pouring in.

submitted by /u/gorby97
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If something is faster than the speed of sound, it's supersonic. And slower is subsonic. If something is the same as the speed of sound, is it just considered "sonic"?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 08:01 AM PST

Radiation absorbed by a solar panel?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 10:23 PM PST

Can Lead metal be used in a solar panel to absorb gamma radiation and emit energy??

submitted by /u/sanjith565
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How is the observation of the change of size of a black hole possible? Why aren't there a plethora of paradoxes of block hole observation?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 08:50 PM PST

We seem to be able to detect black holes which are growing faster than others:

https://earthsky.org/space/astronomers-find-fastest-growing-black-hole

But since from our frame of reference - we can never observe anything falling past the event horizon of a black hole - doesn't it follow that we could never observe their growth?

Since matter appears to slow down as it approaches the event horizon - wouldn't we expect to observe matter to appear increasingly dense around the event horizon? What would this even look like?

Presumably - if supplied with enough additional mass over time - the space immediately around the event horizon would appear to contain a density of mass greater than that required to form a singularity itself. Matter further away from the event horizon would appear to be moving quicker toward the matter closer to the event horizon - and thus would approach, but never catch up to the matter closest to the event horizon itself.

submitted by /u/Oraphalous
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Friday, December 7, 2018

If weight is the measured effect of gravity on an object, and gravity is stronger the closer to the object’s center of mass the measuring object is, do objects high in the atmosphere weigh less than those on the ground, from a physics standpoint?

If weight is the measured effect of gravity on an object, and gravity is stronger the closer to the object’s center of mass the measuring object is, do objects high in the atmosphere weigh less than those on the ground, from a physics standpoint?

If weight is the measured effect of gravity on an object, and gravity is stronger the closer to the object’s center of mass the measuring object is, do objects high in the atmosphere weigh less than those on the ground, from a physics standpoint?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 11:10 PM PST

Does modern sedentary lifestyle contribute to the rising amount of depression?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 06:40 AM PST

Hello r/askscience!

​

Nowadays people are less physically active, and the rate of depression has been rising. Physical exercise is regularly advised as a remedy for depression and other mental health issues. Could it therefore be, that normal mental health requires a "homeostatic" amount of physical activity? Does sedentary lifestyle play a part in the grand scheme of more people becoming depressed?

Thanks for the answers :)

submitted by /u/ReallyEdgyUsername
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How does our body heat itself up so significantly when it's sick?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 06:53 AM PST

What exactly does it do to accomplish this? Presumably the fevered person is just lying in bed all day, so how does the body produce so much more heat than usual?

I'd imagine it has something to do with burning more energy in your body, but it's not like the chemical energy stored in our fat can be directly converted to thermal energy, right?

submitted by /u/SengokuHop
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Are negative mass and anti matter the same thing?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 07:26 PM PST

When did we know that birds are descended from dinosaurs?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 07:12 AM PST

I remember back in school, some 25 years ago, that I was taught that maybe birds and dinosaurs were related but that there was no real evidence.

Did paleontologists (or whoever knows these things) not know back then, or was my teacher's information just outdated?

submitted by /u/bawng
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Is it possible to stop a reaction midway to study an intermediate?

Posted: 07 Dec 2018 07:08 AM PST

For example, in a synthesis of an inorganic compound (so enzymes will not necessarily be involved), is there a practical means of halting the progress of a reaction to study intermediates?

submitted by /u/throwaway1792747
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How is angular momentum conserved as orbiting bodies become tidally-locked?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 04:59 PM PST

Would a nuclear explosion in outer space actually do anything?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 12:12 PM PST

A nuclear explosion on earth is so damaging because of the intense heat of the fissioned material results in the super-heated atmosphere around it rapidly expanding outward into a shock wave. Its the same way a lightning bolt makes window-rattling thunder, just amplified by a billion.

So in outer space, with no atmosphere to expand, wouldn't a nuclear reaction just make a point of intense heat until the material was used up, with no actual "shock wave" of pressure or material expanding outward? Is the idea of detonating a nuclear bomb next to an asteroid to break it apart just science fiction?

submitted by /u/Balhannoth
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How does NASA come up with mission names?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 03:31 PM PST

Some of the names that NASA gives missions make sense, like Gemini was called that because the two-person capsule. Others, like InSight, don't make a lot of sense to me. It's actually called "The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport" and InSight is the short version, but which of these names came first? Do they come up with the short name and then give it a fancy name, or come up with the fancy name and shorten it?

submitted by /u/condog1035
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What would the Solar neutrino spectrum look like?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 02:07 PM PST

The Solar electromagnetic spectrum has a distinct character, full of emission and absorption lines. What would an analogous spectrum "look" like if we observed the various frequencies/wavelengths of neutrinos coming from the sun?

submitted by /u/Thowi42
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why is the moon so spherical if it doesn't spin on it's own axis?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 03:03 PM PST

i thought the moon was the result of an impact of another mass with the earth. How did it become an almost perfect sphere if it doesn't spin?

submitted by /u/Dug78
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Why don't we set the speed of light to exactly 300 million meters per second and 1 meter to 1/300,000,000?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 08:24 PM PST

How do ruminants send food to the rumen and chewed cud to the omasum?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 07:04 AM PST

From what I understand, ruminants (e.g. cows) eat their food where it's first broken down in the first two chambers of their stomach creating cud. Then they regurgitate the cud and chew it to break it down further before swallowing again where digestion is then completed by the last two stomach chambers and intestines.

When swallowing food or cud, what is the mechanism that "selects" where it ends up?

submitted by /u/dave7673
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Is Bioelectrogenesis possible for the human body?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 11:26 AM PST

I want to start out by saying that I'm working on a fictional script, in which my characters have been biologically modified with some of natures phenomenons/more complex features. I'm not using magic as a cop out to give my characters powers, although visually, I'd like to exaggerate the visuals a bit. All in all, I'm trying to be scientifically conscientious.

One of my characters is going to be capable of Bioelectrogenesis. I want this character to be able to discharge a bolt of electricity visually similar to the way Thor shoots a bolt of lightning at Iron man in the first Avengers movie.

From what I understand, the human body could theoretically be a home to cells that create an electrical imbalance potential. In order to have such a biological feature, the body would need to produce some kind of fuel to sustain Bioelectrogenesis.

My rudimentary recipe is: Synthetic Hunter's organ (found on an electric eel) + Adrenaline containing ATP = Human ability to discharge electricity.

The problems I'm facing are being able to explain (or at least know the reason in my head) how my character can emit a bolt of electricity from his/her arm, and how this would be possible in on land rather than in water like an eel.

submitted by /u/WinterSoldier55
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Are Cichlids in the perch family?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 08:53 AM PST

I've recently been quite confused around this. are cichlids still a type of perciform fish? or is cichliformes a new group that isn't perciform?

thanks.

submitted by /u/Azathothoursavior
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Why is Xenon used to power ion thrusters instead of other noble gases?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 07:49 AM PST
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Thursday, December 6, 2018

Did the Earth's orbit immediately stabilize into the ~365.25 day cycle at the formation of the solar system, or was it a much longer cycle? And if so, how much time did it take? Is it still changing?

Did the Earth's orbit immediately stabilize into the ~365.25 day cycle at the formation of the solar system, or was it a much longer cycle? And if so, how much time did it take? Is it still changing?

Did the Earth's orbit immediately stabilize into the ~365.25 day cycle at the formation of the solar system, or was it a much longer cycle? And if so, how much time did it take? Is it still changing?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 03:29 PM PST

I'm interested to know if Earth's "year" has always been the same length of time.

submitted by /u/Semyonov
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Will we ever run out of music? Is there a finite number of notes and ways to put the notes together such that eventually it will be hard or impossible to create a unique sound?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 06:45 AM PST

How do we generate electricity from fusion?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 06:04 AM PST

How do we catch the energy from fusing two atoms and generate electricity from that?

submitted by /u/TheSpaceFrontier
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If I look at my finger, I can follow it smoothly accross my feild of vision. But if I try to do that facing a wall my vision jumps from side to side instead of snoothly following the lines on the wall. Why is this? And more importantly could I train myself to run my vision amoothly along a wall?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 09:39 AM PST

Can particles spontaneously change from right- to left-handed? Does this give them mass?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 05:06 AM PST

I stumbled upon Leonard Susskind's lecture called "Demistifying the Higgs Boson" where he attempts to explain the Higgs mechanism in more depth than just claiming that it's space molasses that give particles mass via physical drag. Here is the lecture

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JqNg819PiZY

I was more or less following his explanations of what condensates and hat-shaped potentials mean as well as how fields can theoretically give particles mass. But at 43:30 he goes into a very specific example: the flipping of electrons from right-handed to left-handed, back and forth, by emitting Z bosons into a condensate to conserve weak hypercharge. He goes as far as saying that the rate at which this flipping occurs is the mass. The emitted Z boson then goes on to also emit and absorb its own hypercharge by emitting "Ziggs bosons". I've done some additional reading and what I've understood so far is that the last part is a toy model dealing with a simplified universe where only the Z boson exists, the "Ziggs" is just that universe's version of the Higgs and the real Higgs phenomenon has more particles and intermediate stages.

The problem is that I'm kind of unsure where the facts ended and the toy model began; and some of the facts seem off. Susskind calls the flipping of left/right-handedness of the electron the "spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry" and upon looking it up on wikipedia it's definitely a thing ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_symmetry_breaking ) although I don't understand most of the article. It does seem to say 99% of the mass of nucleons comes from this rather than the Higgs mechanism. The problem is that the Z boson has a hypercharge of 0 so I don't see how it can do what he said it did, which is maintain charge conservation when the particles flip and become "hyperneutral". And how can tiny electrons and quarks be constantly emitting these massive 91GeV Z bosons at normal energies?

I believe I'm either missing an important piece of the puzzle or taking an analogy at face value somewhere. I'd be happy to get some explanation on the role of chiral symmetry breaking in giving particles mass.

submitted by /u/Swingfire
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Why can't we detect Hawking Radiation?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 11:40 PM PST

I was reading that so far Hawking Radiation hasn't been detected. But if we point a radio telescope to a black hole, shouldn't we receive some signs of it? What's the catch? And how can it be found?

submitted by /u/Tdaxiao
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It seems like too large a coincidence that the moon rotates in sync with its revolution around the Earth. Do we have theories on how this came to be, or is it an unsolved mystery?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 11:11 PM PST

As a followup, are we familiar with other natural orbiting objects with a similar phenomenon?

submitted by /u/while-true-do
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Why has vacuum insulation never been used in buildings?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 12:58 AM PST

Is it possible to apply painter's algorithm to the polygonal faces of a polyhedron in order to render said polyhedron subject to perspective projection?

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 12:22 AM PST

I've successfully rendered an orthogonal representation of several polyhedra (a tetrahedron, a cube, and a rectangular prism) by ordering their faces according to the planes in which each polygonal face exists using the plane equation n * <x, y, z> = d. I've successfully rendered the individual faces of polyhedra subject to perspective projection, but I can't figure out how to correctly order them (plane-equation ordering is insufficient).

submitted by /u/CaedenM
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Is it at all possible that since Oumuamua is an extrasolar object, that it may have disturbed parts of the Oort cloud, sending some other objects our way, or is everything out there too far apart that a collision would be unlikely?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 06:59 PM PST

What happens in a Lead-acid battery that has been discharged too deeply and now is producing noticeable less voltage?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 08:25 PM PST

Such as a car battery that was drained and now only produces 10-11 volts.

submitted by /u/FirstMiddleLass
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Why are there no early hominids?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 01:43 PM PST

Since we evolved from monkeys, how come there isn't any early hominids in the process of evolving still? Would it make sense for life to have an evolution cut-off?

submitted by /u/StarShooter08
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Are there planets with mountains so high they extend past the atmosphere so you could literally climb your way into zero gravity looking over the curvature of the entire planet?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 12:46 PM PST

Just a cool thing to imagine

submitted by /u/reddituser2806
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Is there a difference between the skin on your face and the skin on your body?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 09:21 AM PST

From a physiological standpoint, is there much of a difference? Is there a difference between the biology of male/female skin?

submitted by /u/Lootylootylalala
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Please explain me Pi bonds and Sygma bonds f Covalent bonds ??

Posted: 06 Dec 2018 02:14 AM PST

How do we know it takes the earth 365 days to revolve around the sun?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 10:41 AM PST

Is it possible to make a 1 osmolar solution of NaCl?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 03:33 PM PST

How come we didn’t evolve to not require sleep?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 10:16 AM PST

it seems pretty straight forward; having more time taken away from sleeping is more time that can be used for other things more beneficial for us.

submitted by /u/WarsMughal47
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How do muscle "knots" occur?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 05:18 AM PST

Why don't we dream under a general anaesthesia?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 06:59 AM PST

Why can't we dream under a general anaesthesia?

submitted by /u/laughinggas
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Assuming the calorie count posted on a chip bag label will never be 100% exact, what is a realistic range in which the 'true' calorie count would fall?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 10:08 AM PST

For example, I ate a bag of Lays BBQ chips that was 230 calories according to the label. Of course, every bag might be slightly different (not to mention the amount of broken chips/crumbs at the bottom that might or might not be consumed). So I'm guessing if I had some sort of hypothetical machine that I could pour the contents of the bag into and have it tell me the real calorie count (or if I had omniscient knowledge of the real calorie count), how much is any one bag (or whatever unit we're considering) going to deviate? For example, could a 230 calorie bag actually range from 228-232, or could it be more? I'm not calorie counting, just curious.

submitted by /u/josephtheepi
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Does the earth's magnetic field impact plate tectonics?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 09:05 AM PST

I figured it was a convenient explanation for why the South pole has a giant continent, while the North pole is ocean --- even though most of earth's landmass is crowded in the Northern hemisphere around the actual pole itself. I would expect the constantly circulating magnetic force plus mantle convection to push the earth's crust into that sort of pear shape (South pole = stem end, North pole = blossom end). Is this a real theory, or is there a different one that better explains our observations?

submitted by /u/philotrow
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What were the breakthroughs that allowed for precision engineering required for clocks?

Posted: 05 Dec 2018 02:33 PM PST

I like watching blacksmithing videos on youtube. But usually they'll use power tools to remove metal or do anything precise.

But I was wondering since clocks far predate power tools what were the steps between some guy with a hammer making square nails and the fine work required for clocks, still one of the finest work out there.

submitted by /u/Flopsey
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