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Friday, June 29, 2018

Psychologists and/or psychiatrists, what is the difference between dissociative identity disorder and alter ego?

Psychologists and/or psychiatrists, what is the difference between dissociative identity disorder and alter ego?


Psychologists and/or psychiatrists, what is the difference between dissociative identity disorder and alter ego?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 07:40 PM PDT

Do we innately conceal our genitals?

Posted: 29 Jun 2018 01:27 AM PDT

Clothing seems to cover the genitals across all cultures.

Reading on Wikipedia, it seems that covering the genitals began at most 72,000 years ago, as remains have been found with clothing from that time. But for all of recorded history across all cultures that recorded history, clothing that covered at least the genitals was considered natural and normal for everyday life.

Glorious Wikipedia claims, in the article history of nudity, that nudity was the norm in "warmer climates" until the introduction of Islam or Christianity. It claims that nudity is still the norm in "Mursi, Surma, Nuba, Karimojong, Kirdi, Dinka and sometimes Maasai people in Africa, as well as Matses, Yanomami, Suruwaha, Xingu, Matis and Galdu people in South America". Upon further examination all of these claims are sourced to Active Naturists, "what if nudity were a norm?" (sic), a nudist blog post scholarly journal, surely. I'm sure it's a great source, since it's cited on Wikipedia and all, but it seems to stake its claims that nudity was the norm among those peoples on questionable grounds:

  • Artwork and statuary, mostly from the ancient Greeks, who notably liked naked young guys and also are not any of the people listed
  • Photos of African boys/men during nude initiation rites
  • Quotes from noted racist Henry Morton Stanley about the clothing habits of "the naked savages" during appeals to the British to claim African colonies and convert the natives "to the wearing of clothes"
  • Photos of nude Nuba men presented with scarcely believable context; perhaps that is their everyday habit, but other sources suggest that the nudity is related to traditional Nuba wrestling
  • Some photos of Amazon native people presented with extremely questionable context
  • Various other photos of native African and Amazonian people, which Active Naturalist gives me no reason to believe are typical
  • A ton of photos of native African and Amazonian people who are clothed in their genital region, but presented as if they are nude Any further Googling just gets me shitty pop-psych articles like "if we were nude guys would be horny all day duh".

Are there any human cultures where the genitals would be exposed in daily activities? Do we know why we prefer covering our genitals?

submitted by /u/Xelif
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Did Paleolithic diets lead the human jaw and face to develop a different shape?

Posted: 29 Jun 2018 05:59 AM PDT

According to Wiki, "After the advent of agriculture over 10,000 years ago, soft human diets became the norm, including carbohydrate and high energy foods. Such diets typically result in jaws growing with less forward growth than our paleolithic ancestors and not enough room for the wisdom teeth."

submitted by /u/icydepth
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Why does nitrogen break the octet rule in NO, while oxygen do not?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 01:44 PM PDT

So NO has 11 valence electrons. The oxygen fills up all 8 of its electrons, while nitrogen gets the radical. Why doesn't oxygen get the radical and nitrogen with 8 e-. I get that it breaks the octect rule because it has a odd number of valence electrons.

submitted by /u/TheNamesGrant
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Which substances or foods create metabolites that can be detected for extended periods of time?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 08:38 AM PDT

I was recently reading about alcohol and how even after your body has completely processed and excreted the ethanol, it creates metabolites Ethyl Palmitate and Ethyl Glucuronide that can be detected in hair for up to 90 days.

I am curious as to why these metabolites hang around for so long and also which other substances and/or foods have metabolites that can also be detected for any extended period of time.

For example, if I consumed caffeine how long would you theoretically be able to test for it if you wanted to? What about broccoli, or carrots etc?

Are there any factors that cause metabolites to stick around longer, or certain groups of foods?

I hope my question was clear enough and not too broad scoped.

Thanks!

submitted by /u/metabolitesarecool
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How important is visual data of lip movements during language acquisition? Do people blind from birth pronounce words as properly as seeing people?

Posted: 29 Jun 2018 01:55 AM PDT

Why is it that when you cramp flexible circles together you get hexagons (honeycomb) specifically, and not any other shape?

Posted: 29 Jun 2018 03:57 AM PDT

What is the mathematics going on? I'm expecting some equation that links pi to the circumference of a circle and a constant, 6, or something like that.

submitted by /u/WhyUFuckinLyin
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Do snakes live together? (Garter snakes)

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 04:54 PM PDT

There is a rock near my house with a hole in it and everyday I walk by and there are 2-3 snakes living together in the hole. It seems like they're friends or a family or something. The biggest snake stays at the exit, male garter snake, then when I approach if I get too close he will slither out and run off. Then when you look inside there is at least one other snake that appears to be female. Do snakes live together and are they really smart enough to devise this survival strategy? Is this common?

submitted by /u/jesusd2
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Extracting and burning fossil fuels has a well documented effect on the climate and atmosphere, does extracting from fossil water reserves have a similarly significant impact on climate, atmosphere, and global water cycles?

Posted: 29 Jun 2018 06:55 AM PDT

Does blood conduct electricity?

Posted: 29 Jun 2018 03:06 AM PDT

My mind says it does, because theres iron in it, but my gut doubts it.

submitted by /u/Nintara
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Why does rain affect the clarity of AM radio, but not FM?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 01:19 PM PDT

If you swallow something, would you get the same nutritional value if you chewed it?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 12:10 PM PDT

Probably a dumb question, but I've always wondered this.

submitted by /u/MerpyBoy
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If a woman who is pregnant gets or has cancer, is it possible for the child to get cancer as well?

Posted: 29 Jun 2018 04:48 AM PDT

Unless I understand cancer wrong, I thought that, since cancer can spread, it could potentially spread to the child.

submitted by /u/GamerX102
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In particle accelerators, could we handle charged dust-sized particles the same way we handle ions, protons and electrons? How much energy could we potentially impart to a dust-sized particle this way?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 08:57 PM PDT

Do non-human animals appreciate human music?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 12:42 PM PDT

What is the name for the act of the mind personifying characters?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 02:49 PM PDT

Characters as in B, -, $, and 1, not as in Peter Parker, Coraline, Han Solo, and Tarzan.

submitted by /u/Puzzleheaded_Stable
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Why is there much more of certain elements compared to the elements next to them on the periodic table?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 09:39 AM PDT

My basic understanding of how elements are formed is that the heavier the element, the more energy is needed to create the conditions for it to be formed. So I would expect the occurance of elements to be pretty much descending the heavier the element is. But, looking at the webpage sourced below for the universes makeup, that's not so. For example, there's a lot more carbon than boron, much more oxygen than fluorine, and much more iron than maganese or cobalt. Why is this?

http://periodictable.com/Properties/A/UniverseAbundance.v.log.html

submitted by /u/froggison
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Do fish go pee?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 08:44 PM PDT

How do two very separate continents have very similar species of life?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 11:54 AM PDT

I.e. fireflies, squirrels, and crows in the US and Japan

Edit:

I.e. I.e. fireflies, squirrels, and crows in NA and Asia

submitted by /u/sentientVibrator
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What causes our bodies to be allergic to certain foods, medicines, or other things?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 10:47 AM PDT

Specifically, what happens in/on the body/skin that causes it to react to latex.

submitted by /u/PixelatedBanana
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What is field effect mobility and saturation mobility?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 01:18 PM PDT

Hey guys. I am currently researching TFTs(thin film transistors) and I need help finding out what field effect mobility and saturation mobility are. Thanks!

submitted by /u/toiletpapershortage
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Can multiple parallel procedures be simulated as a one?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 10:41 PM PDT

If you have an abstract system which runs a number procedures, naturally with possibility of being out of sync, is it possible to emulate the evolution of the whole as a single procedure. I just go idea that one could maybe encode the whole system as an evolution of one-dimensional string. Or does it turn out fundamentally impossible task?

Please grant any notable properties, pros and cons, of such way of structure if you know any.

submitted by /u/Jabutosama
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Thursday, June 28, 2018

Does caffeine actually increase the production of dopamine, or does it just enhance the dopamine already in your system?

Does caffeine actually increase the production of dopamine, or does it just enhance the dopamine already in your system?


Does caffeine actually increase the production of dopamine, or does it just enhance the dopamine already in your system?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 06:38 PM PDT

I was casually drinking my coffee and wondering what this is actually doing to my brain and why I feel so great when I drink it. Sure enough, it's partially because of dopamine. Here's why I am confused, though. Does the brain start producing more dopamine, or does it just take longer for it to be reabsorbed, or both? A lot of articles I read mention how it lets the dopamine "do it's thing more freely", but I'm not sure if that means ramp up production, or just act differently than before.

submitted by /u/FungoGolf
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How does the mechanism for 'locking' something by pressing it into a slot and 'unlocking' by pressing back down work on devices like a nintendo ds?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 08:00 PM PDT

Similarly to how clicking a pen works, my Nintendo DS accepts cartridges once they're pressed down a certain distance and it clicks into place. When I want the cartridge released I press back down and it releases the cartridge. How does this mechanism work? Is there an image I can look at? I was cleaning out my closet and I came across my old DS and realized that I have no idea how that mechanism functions. I never questioned it as a kid but now the question has been gnawing at me and I couldn't find an answer online so I've made this post

submitted by /u/Lazy_Lifeguard
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Does the edge of the observable universe sway with our orbit around the sun?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 03:47 AM PDT

Basically as we orbit the sun, does the edge of the observable universe sway with us?

I know it would be a ridiculously, ludicrously, insignificantly small sway, but it stands to reason that maybe if you were on pluto, the edge of your own personal observable universe would shift no?

Im sorry if this is a dumb question.

submitted by /u/TheonsDickInABox
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Is it possible to work or study while lucid dreaming?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 06:57 PM PDT

Let's say I am lucid dreaming, is it theoretically possible to "write" a program while dreaming, memorize it and type it in a computer when you wake up? Being able to work an extra 6-10 hours a day while still resting sounds interesting.

submitted by /u/qwerty-_-123
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What is the difference between continuous and discreet time translation symmetry?

Posted: 28 Jun 2018 04:17 AM PDT

Space-time crystals follow which and break which due to change in what (quantum spin?)?

submitted by /u/stealthinator16
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Pangea: How do we know that there wasn't anything else on the other side of the planet?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 03:55 PM PDT

Apropos of this website, 240 million years ago, half of the earth was covered by a super continent, and the other half was covered by water. How do we know the land was all bunched up like that with nothing else on the other side?

submitted by /u/dc_joker
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Why does rubbing alcohol evaporate?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 07:27 PM PDT

Why does rubbing alcohol evaporate when in contact with air and why is it also super cold even when in a warm environment?

submitted by /u/Jimi1967
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How reliable/relevant is an IQ test, or "g" as a measure of human intelligence?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 02:21 PM PDT

I'd like to have an idea of the scientific community's current position on the matter.

How seriously should I take "g" and IQ tests as a psychometric theory/tool?

submitted by /u/morests
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Why don’t tattoos disappear?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 02:55 PM PDT

If your skin falls and and replaces itself, how come your layers of skin with the tattoo doesn't fall off?

submitted by /u/Brae123
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What is dirt made of? Is there a standard set of dirt ingredients that make it dirt, or does dirt/soil/the soft ground stuff vary entirely by location?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 12:23 PM PDT

When you dig, you tend to hit either stone or sand or dirt. But maybe dirt isn't a thing, it's a set of things, like it's a folk concept with no scientific correlate? But even then, generally, what is that soft stuff that's not sand?

submitted by /u/TacosForKristjen
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How can we measure the age of the universe if time is relative?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 12:13 PM PDT

How do scientists reckon the universe is 13.8 billion earth years old if time is relative, and the nature of time would (in my understanding) have been of variable nature? Is that 13.8 billion years essentially a measurement of the growth of spacetime—13.8 billion years big? Thanks for any clarification you can provide. 🙂

submitted by /u/WeirdGoesPro
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How is a vacuum a good insulator?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 04:12 PM PDT

I see a bunch of thermos cans advertise their double wall vacuum insulated bottle, but why it is good?

submitted by /u/Marklar_the_Darklar
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How would the eruption of a volcano like Krakatoa compare to an eruption of The Yellowstone Caldera?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 04:00 PM PDT

Let's say both were placed in the center of the USA, what would be the comparative fallout from the two volcanoes?

submitted by /u/Kochis1818
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When can a plant be officially considered dead?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 04:34 PM PDT

With humans (and other animals), there seem to be a specific set of standards that are considered before declaring someone dead. When a person dies, there are still plenty cells that are still alive. However, when can plants be considered dead, if there even is a set of standards for such a thing? Is it when a majority or a certain percentage of its cells are dead?

submitted by /u/ElongatedTaint
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Why are raspberries hairy? What are those hairs for?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 03:20 PM PDT

What's the scientific explanation?

submitted by /u/wrotslav
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How does the electric current used during electroconvulsive therapy go through the brain?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 06:18 PM PDT

I thought skin was more conductive than bone

submitted by /u/grumblecakes1
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Is intelligence inherited or created by environment; if a combination how much can be attributed to either ?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 04:06 PM PDT

Would an object falling from infinity to the surface of the earth reach escape velocity before it makes impact?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 03:03 PM PDT

Why did black holes get rejected as the reason behind the rate of rotation of the milky way?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 10:10 AM PDT

I am currently reading the (illustrated) "brief history of time" by Steven Hawking. As stated in the Foreword most of the book remained similar to the original version from 1988. In the chapter about black holes Hawking states that there are probably way more black holes in the milky way than visible stars which would explain why our galaxy rotates at the rate it does. As far as I know the most accepted explanation of today is that the extra mass needed is provided by dark matter/dark energy. Therefore I assume that this understanding changed between 1988 and today. Why?

submitted by /u/HerrZog103
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How does time distortion due to gravity work?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 11:30 AM PDT

What is it exactly that makes this happen, if it happens from objects such as black holes, can it then be reasoned that it happens from any object, simply on a much smaller scale?

submitted by /u/Draconite999
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How many passers-by do you need to create a pathway in grass?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 09:43 AM PDT

Can ticks, leeches, mosquitoes, or even bats die from drinking bad blood?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 12:50 PM PDT

I know iron overdoses are a daily concern for creatures that feed exclusively off blood but is it possible for any such creature to ingest the blood of someone with a blood disease and die. (I don't mean being affected by the same disease but just dying cause the blood either didn't have what they needed or had a little something extra?)

And if so, is it possible for any other these creatures to identify and avoid this?

submitted by /u/themanintheyellow
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Wednesday, June 27, 2018

What is the white stuff inside pimples? What it's made out of, why we have it, and why does it exit in this way?

What is the white stuff inside pimples? What it's made out of, why we have it, and why does it exit in this way?


What is the white stuff inside pimples? What it's made out of, why we have it, and why does it exit in this way?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 05:30 AM PDT

What is the significance of eigenvalues in physics?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 09:38 AM PDT

Does fire have a ‘standard’ temperature? If not, what materials or substances have give the highest and lowest temperatures?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 03:54 AM PDT

Do animal mothers show signs of depression if they lose offspring?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 03:51 AM PDT

Does anything eat thermophiles?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 04:49 PM PDT

I am curious if thermophiles are eaten by anything or give off a waste that is eaten.

submitted by /u/MedgamerTX
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If black holes slowly lose mass from Hawking radiation, why don't they become neutron stars?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 04:59 PM PDT

If my understanding is right, you could take mass out of a neutron star until its gravity can no longer overcome the strong nuclear force at which point it would go back to being a white dwarf. But when black holes lose mass they just become smaller black holes.

submitted by /u/Swingfire
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Is there a concise way of describing the degree to which a material can be "packed down?"

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 05:36 PM PDT

This question came into my head while making a cup of coffee (or 5) this morning. I am used to measuring out whole bean coffee but only had ground available, and wasn't sure how to convert. The obvious non-answer is "it depends on how well the ground coffee is packed," which got me to thinking "why does it seem to not also depend on how well the whole bean coffee is packed?"

Now I find myself wondering if this property has been well studied (it seems like it must be, I'm sure it comes up in things like civil engineering) and if there is a neat way to describe it. It seems like there is a geometric question about the shape of the "particles" for wont of a better word, but maybe also a physical one regarding the size and malleability of the particles. For example it seems at a cursory glance like fine particles may be easier to pack down than coarse ones.

If anyone has come across this idea or has some insight into what properties of a material would affect it, I'd be grateful to hear!

submitted by /u/lemonp-p
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 08:12 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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What's the purpose of a neodymium magnet in a water filter?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 04:00 AM PDT

Some days ago, I found this video https://youtu.be/r1GzOadFYpg where a Japanese guy apparently found a way to create a knife out of a combination of ice and polyester. Before freezing the water, he puts it through a water filter and adds a neodymium magnet. Does this magnet have any real purpose? If so, what does the magnet change?

submitted by /u/thefly1ngshrimp
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Is there more salt in the rain in Florida than rain in say Idaho?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 04:47 PM PDT

Has the amount of people diagnosed with cancer increased since 60s or 70s?

Posted: 27 Jun 2018 04:45 AM PDT

It feels like a lot of people are being diagnosed with cancer, has it always been so?

submitted by /u/theflyingracoon
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Why is Neptunium not as useful as Uranium/Plutonium in reactors/weaponry?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 04:05 PM PDT

How do they test walls and stuff for asbestos?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 05:05 PM PDT

Do they dissolve it in an acid or use some sort of machine to tell you? And if the machine how does the machine work?

submitted by /u/Iphone116
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Sorry for the dumb question! How does feeling a breeze when moving not violate Special Relativity?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 07:31 PM PDT

Sorry if the question seems dumb, but I was doing some reading on Special Relativity and the Principle of Relativity and it got me thinking:

If I were moving at a constant speed in a car, for example, and I stuck my hand out the window, I would feel a breeze. The fact that I feel a breeze tells me I'm moving. Doesn't this violate the Principle of Relativity and how a reference frame at rest should be no different from a frame at constant motion? If I was at rest in the car, I wouldn't feel a breeze but if I'm moving, I would.

Obviously, there's a flaw in my logic but I can't figure out where. Thanks for the help!

submitted by /u/Blueking71
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Does distance from the center of a galaxy affect the average make up of stars?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 02:07 PM PDT

For example, do larger stars tend to occur closer to the center and smaller stars further out? I guess a related question would pertain to the average distribution of mass. If there is a correlation between distance from the center and average star make-up, could/do we use this information in our search for possibly habitable planets?

submitted by /u/zared619
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Don't excited electrons give off the same wavelength they absorbed earlier, effectively cancelling out the effect on colour?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 01:50 PM PDT

When white light is shined on a pigment, some electron gets excited on a higher energy level with a certain fixed energy difference which corresponds to a colour. White light minus the absorbed colour is the complementary colour. But when the electron falls back to the lower level if gives off a photon of the same wavelength it absorbed before, so overall the light is white. What am I missing?

submitted by /u/guy99882
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If between the earth and sun it's a vacuum then why does the change in distance of the earth from the sun result in a change in temperature?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 06:00 PM PDT

I read that part of the reason Australia has red, oxidized soil is that it was relatively unaffected by the last ice age. Why?

Posted: 26 Jun 2018 02:00 PM PDT