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Sunday, April 29, 2018

Brain tumors are known to directly cause depression, but could the opposite happen for someone that is already depressed?

Brain tumors are known to directly cause depression, but could the opposite happen for someone that is already depressed?


Brain tumors are known to directly cause depression, but could the opposite happen for someone that is already depressed?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 08:54 PM PDT

To my knowledge, various different brain tumors can have negative emotional impacts such as depression or anxiety, but if an individual already suffers from these illnesses, could a tumor have a reversing like effect?

submitted by /u/dahdoc
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What is the net greenhouse gas emission of agricultural causes?

Posted: 29 Apr 2018 05:31 AM PDT

Hi all, doing an economic report on how we need to reduce greenhouse gases without effecting the economy. I've done a few years of chemistry, so it was somewhat bothering me how people claim greenhouse gas is "created" (ie conservation of matter). Can someone with better knowledge of the topic explain whether or not my assumptions are justified:

1) Grass or wheat (grain) photosynthesise CO2 and water, "storing it" inside the plant matter

2) Cows digest said grass and wheat, releasing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere

3)The greenhouse gases is photosynthesised and Chemosynthesised, repeating the food cycle

By this assumption, the long term net greenhouse gas emission of cow digestion is a lot less then initially assumed, as the emission results from the digestion of food created for the animals. The same can't be said for the CO2 output from cars, as gas and oil takes millions of years to form, resulting in an "increase" in the atmosphere.

I obviously realise there will still be more greenhouse gas transferred into the atmosphere then there is consumed, but does anyone have any thoughts of how much this amount is? If I have made any massive fundamental errors please also correct me

Thanks for helping my curiosity!

Bonus question: Given cyanobacteria and algea account for 70-80% of O2 production why don't we just cultivate them to reduce greenhouse gases (hopefully no great oxygenation event 2.0)

submitted by /u/dfitt10
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Is there any part in the body that cannot get cancer?

Posted: 29 Apr 2018 05:03 AM PDT

Do primates get under arm body odor as humans do?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 08:13 PM PDT

How far do tectonic plates shift during an earthquake?

Posted: 29 Apr 2018 04:01 AM PDT

Why do so many drugs end in HCl (hydrochloride)?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 02:23 PM PDT

Why are elements distributed non-uniformly in the earth's crust?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 08:52 PM PDT

How do seems of gold or uranium end up in one rock formation but not another elsewhere? Why isn't the earth's composition uniform or closer to uniform? Is there something about our core or mantle that puts a little more uranium over here than over there?

submitted by /u/abusuru
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Do the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation have the same effect of North Atlantic climate conditions?

Posted: 29 Apr 2018 04:47 AM PDT

Does a positive index value of the NAO have the same effect on temperature/climate as a positive value of the AMO?

submitted by /u/Stootermore
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why is chemical sunscreen put in certain perfumes?

Posted: 29 Apr 2018 12:09 AM PDT

the other day I read the ingredient label in a cologne and it had "ethylhexyl/octyl methometoxycinnamate" which i'm pretty sure blocks UVB rays

submitted by /u/undertakersarmpit
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If I wanted to travel to the Sun, at which direction do I point my thrusters?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 12:06 PM PDT

In a ship that are in earths orbit around the sun. I figure we already have momentum, so if I pointed the thrusters in the opposite direction of my momentum. Then I would decrease my speed around the sun and gravity should pull me in. I think

Or is it just as simple as pointing my engines away from the sun and head inwards? Like walking on one of the arms of a carousel towards the center.

submitted by /u/TheHuntedBear
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what is the difference between our perception or thoughts and our subconscious?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 12:54 PM PDT

its a very abstract thing to try and feel out the boundary between my own thoughts and the subconsciousness (that i can't access with those thoughts). are the thoughts just auxiliary and its all really just my subconscious, with those thoughts just bouncing around the brain but just don't go too close to certain areas that are too personal or traumatic, or just too complicated, sort of like how you can't think two thoughts simultaneously? OR, is it life that's just that complicated, and we're just helpless to understand it one thought at a time? or are thoughts not even quantifiable in that way at all; maybe I'm mixing thought up with perception, and if so, then would it just be my 'perception' that is unable to pierce the veil of my subconscious 'thought'? or in other words, can someone just explain what goes on when a human 'thinks'? or do we not actually think at all, in that way at least, in which case is this just whats called 'internal dialogue', that term where something like half of the population talks to themselves in a constant stream of thoughts but aren't crazy?

submitted by /u/lesbianseagull7
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If an object exceeds the speed of sound it passes the sonic barrier. Is there an equivalent barrier passed when an object travels faster than light? If no then why?

Posted: 29 Apr 2018 12:25 AM PDT

Are there any known examples of jump discontinuities occurring in the natural world, (not related to manmade systems)?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 03:20 PM PDT

Why does pouring water on a grease fire make it bigger?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 05:53 PM PDT

I saw the post on r/WTF and it reminded me that I've always wondered.

submitted by /u/mynameisnotgrey
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Are there examples of cancers that have a normal copy of p53?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 02:12 PM PDT

It's been said that over 50% of tumours have a mutation in p53, but I can never find examples of tumours that actually have an intact p53 protein? Can these tumours even exist?

submitted by /u/Aristo_socrates
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How does Plan B work?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 02:34 PM PDT

Can Lactic Acid be considered an alcohol?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 11:02 AM PDT

I was studying HS biology, respiration to be exact. Whilst solving the questions, I wondered the molecule structure of lactic acid. Once I looked at it, I realized it had a carboxyl group (like an acid) and an hydroxy group (like an alcohol). So can lactic acid be considered an alcohol as well as an acid?

Edit:hydroxide hydroxy, excuse my incorrect usage.

submitted by /u/themixedupstuff
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How does the body make more blood after you finish bleeding?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 11:52 AM PDT

As somebody who gets a lot of bad nosebleeds, especially during the winter, I've lost a lot of blood this way, and I've always wondered how more blood gets made once the bleeding stops

submitted by /u/SuperPvPNoob
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Why is the mass attenuation coefficient inversely proportional to density (mac = μ/ρ)?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 07:23 PM PDT

Wikipedia definition: "The mass attenuation coefficient, mass extinction coefficient, or mass narrow beam attenuation coefficient of the volume of a material characterizes how easily it can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter."

Surely a denser material would make it harder for light to penetrate it? Therefore mass attenuation coefficient should be proportional to density?

submitted by /u/ten_mile_river
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How are mineral seedbeds created?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 03:08 PM PDT

What minerals are in trees that get deposited into the soil? Why do certain trees prefer this?

Edit: I'm being downvoted and I'm not sure why. This is my first post on here and maybe I'm missing something for my question? I'm learning about post fire forests and the texts mentions mineral seedbeds are produced after fire, but they never really mention what that is. Just that some trees prefer this and I don't really know what that means.

I tried Googling it too, but again, most of my results just studies where some plants respond better to this type of soil, but not sure of exactly why or what it is. Thanks in advance to anyone who can help me understand.

submitted by /u/wisksnxh
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Why does having a certain amount of protons make an atom that specific element? Also, what would happen if all protons were removed from an atom?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 06:08 PM PDT

So I'm a high school freshman who hasn't yet taken chemistry. However, I do know that the amount of protons in an atom make it a certain element, such as one proton making an atom Hydrogen. So why does having one proton cause the atom to exhibit the properties of hydrogen? Are an atom's properties more dependent on their neutron number (as in different isotopes)? And what would happen if all protons were removed from an atom and how would someone do that?

submitted by /u/Ashenborne27
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Saturday, April 28, 2018

Is there a relation between the spherical shape of bubbles and objects such as planets, stars, etc. that have reached Hydrostatic Equilibrium?

Is there a relation between the spherical shape of bubbles and objects such as planets, stars, etc. that have reached Hydrostatic Equilibrium?


Is there a relation between the spherical shape of bubbles and objects such as planets, stars, etc. that have reached Hydrostatic Equilibrium?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 11:15 AM PDT

How exactly do Holograms work? How does the light emitted from the machine stop mid-air to create the images?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 04:28 AM PDT

I saw this post and it reminded me of a question I've always had about this.

submitted by /u/AlfaKenneyOne
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Why do russian RD-180 engines run oxygen rich?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 07:01 AM PDT

As far as I know, every other rocket engine in existence favours fuel-rich operation. I know efficiency is inversely proportional to molar mass, and oxygen is lighter than RP-1, so is that the main reason why ther RD-180 is such a good engine? If so, what made it possible to run it oxygen rich and what prevented the US from developing the same engine?

submitted by /u/danilon62
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How does the chemical reaction in glow sticks work?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 12:40 AM PDT

How does the myosin and actin crossbridge cycle work?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 06:40 AM PDT

I don't get the role of ATP in this. It's so confusing. Each source says different things. Are there any good animations for this? Could you please explain what ATP does at each part in the cycle?

ty

submitted by /u/me-sonche
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If lightning is an electric current, made of electrons, what happens to the positive ions those electrons left behind?

Posted: 28 Apr 2018 12:54 AM PDT

I'm assuming the matter it comes from is water vapor in clouds. I may be mistaken about how that works. I might be wayyy off base about how that works but I'm fine with sounding stupid.

Also, another question. Ionization is a chemical change, isn't it? So wouldn't whatever caused the matter in clouds (again, assuming water vapor) to ionize have to be a chemical reaction rather than a physical one? I believe I've read that the leading theory is that it comes from the motion of the water vapor "knocking off" electrons. That doesn't seem possible to me without a LOT of energy in the vapor. Do the atoms/molecules in clouds really move that fast? Or is something else at work here?

submitted by /u/BradGatov
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Why does public transportation typically not have any seatbelts?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 06:42 PM PDT

I've taken buses in big cities across the EU, Middle East and North America, none have ever had seatbelts of any kind. Why is this? I assume that buses are no less likely to get into accidents, and would even assume that bus accidents would be more fatal due to the atypical seat layout (levels, rotated seats, etc...). So what's reasoning behind them not having any kind of seat belts? Surely it's just not an issue of inconvenience?

On that same note, tramways (streetcars) also don't seem to have any seatbelts.

submitted by /u/frenchdonkeyze
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How were maps made before satellites and aeroplanes?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 06:05 PM PDT

When a new human being is created how do the cells know they need to develop organs like the brain in our bodies?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 02:31 PM PDT

Why are IgA antibodies found in serum 2x more than IgG, even though IgG accounts for more than 80% in the body?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 10:26 PM PDT

Why are halogens used as disinfectants? How does their structure contribute to their ability to disinfect better than other elements?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 10:00 PM PDT

[Astronomy]What's the minimum size a meteor would have to be to penetrate the atmosphere and strike the surface with enough force to make a crater?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 12:35 PM PDT

As I understand it, dust-sized meteors vaporize in the atmosphere, and large ones frequently explode in flight showering the ground with fragments. Some meteors essentially hit the atmosphere and stop, or at least go from cosmic speeds to near zero, then falling passively to the surface. So how large does a meteor have to be to survive the atmosphere more or less intact, and hit with enough force to make a crater? How large would this "minimum" size crater be?

submitted by /u/Benthos
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Why does tetanus almost always cause lockjaw before any other symptom?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 02:48 PM PDT

is this muscle more susceptible to the toxin?

submitted by /u/hillcastles
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How is it that Jupiter can keep earth safe when they orbit the sun differently?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 06:33 PM PDT

How does a fighter jet know when it's being locked-onto by a seeker missile?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 10:23 AM PDT

In movies you always hear beeping in the cockpit to indicate that you're being targeted. Assuming this is a real thing, how does the aircraft detect that? Is it looking for certain infrared frequencies or something?

submitted by /u/somuchclutch
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How big would a building, like a large dome, have to be to have an internal weather system?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 01:44 PM PDT

Does the way food looks and smells influence taste? If so how does that work?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 05:07 PM PDT

What factors influence metastatic spread of a malignant tumour, other than venous drainage?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 03:03 PM PDT

So for example, are there any particular types of cells that are more likely to metastasise and take hold in the brain as opposed to the lungs? Does the cell lineage (e.g. epithelial vs mesenchymal) have any effect?

submitted by /u/hesitantrice
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Do the chemicals produced during REM sleep have any application for "full dive" virtual reality?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 11:57 AM PDT

I'm talking specifically about the ones released to keep your body from moving while you're dreaming. Also, if you've read any articles about this topic, I'd love to read them as well.

submitted by /u/KOVADON
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Friday, April 27, 2018

Are wild gorillas afraid of spiders?

Are wild gorillas afraid of spiders?


Are wild gorillas afraid of spiders?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 03:50 PM PDT

Why isn’t our Jupiter a ‘hot Jupiter’?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 06:19 PM PDT

What stopped the planet Jupiter from moving closer to the sun and becoming a hot Jupiter?

submitted by /u/garryfisk
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Can you make something spin just from light? Like windmills spin from air? To acomplish highest possible spin on earth?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 05:35 AM PDT

Without transorfming light into another energy

submitted by /u/Ciconavaro
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At what age do babies usually begin to understand humour/jokes?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 12:34 AM PDT

I have a 1yo, at about 7 months he began a behaviour which I think can be described as a very basic practical joke. First he thought it was funny seeing his soother in my mouth, I figure he understood it was his. He would take it from my mouth and put it in his own. This developed into him offering his soother to me, but pulling away at the last second, putting it in his own mouth and then laughing hysterically.

Obviously there is more going on cognitively than peek-a-boo or tickling. Has there been studies on how young children understand the concept of jokes, and what developmental impact this has if any?

submitted by /u/TheShiniestOfMen
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What is the mechanism by which radiation (for example: the environment around Jupiter) messes with electronic hardware?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 06:54 AM PDT

According to Wikipedia the radiation or "harsh charged-particle environment" around Jupiter caused probes to malfunction and suffer data loss.

On the level of individual particles, what is mechanism by which radiation of this kind messes with the electronic devices?

Does it have something to do with magnetized particles bumping into and flipping random 'switches' within the microprocessor?

submitted by /u/HeavyMessing
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How does radio frequency carry information for cable and Internet?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 04:48 PM PDT

Is there any benefit to being lighter skinned in colder climates?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 11:22 PM PDT

I always found it strange that the further from the equator you go, the lighter skin pigment people tend to have. Also that your body doesn't bother to maintain a tan unnecessarily - I wouldn't have thought it would take much in the way of energy or resources once the melanin has been produced.

Is there any advantage to being lighter skinned in a colder climate? Is there a downside to maintaining a tan without the sun around (such as use of excess energy or something along these lines)?

submitted by /u/firefrenzy2
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Is counter-vibration a real thing?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 10:24 PM PDT

Can a small amount of impact be neutralized through sensors and motors creating an equal and opposite reaction?

submitted by /u/ifima
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where does the oxygen come out of in plants?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 07:41 AM PDT

i know it is a process in the cells, but does the O just come out of every cell or what?

submitted by /u/ragnaROCKER
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Why is it that water doesn't become more viscous before freezing? What determines whether or not a liquid becomes more or less viscous depending on temperature?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 08:25 PM PDT

What is the best way to determine if an exoplanet is suitable to sustain human life?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 09:47 PM PDT

Just say in some near future we send out a bunch of probes in various directions to try and find a suitable planet for permanent colonisation down the track. What is the most effective test that can be performed in order to determine with 100% confidence that a planet is suitable for us to live on?

Bonus question: how do we get the message back? I'm imagining some kind of self destruct that would produce a specific frequency of RF (although that is probably not even possible).

submitted by /u/nedjeffery
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Why is the Earth's axis not perpendicular to it's solar orbit? (eg. 22-24 degrees off)

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 11:20 AM PDT

Does the value for pressure at the bottom of the ocean have the atmospheric pressure factored in?

Posted: 27 Apr 2018 04:58 AM PDT

If the pressure that the weight water causes was just x and then the atmospheric pressure was 2x would the actual pressure experienced by a human at that depth be 3x? Or would it just simply be x?

submitted by /u/P88o
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How do photons of white light carry all colors if color is specific to wavelength?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 01:35 PM PDT

When white light hits a prism, it splits into many different colors because white color is a combination of all colors. How does one photon carry several different wavelengths?

submitted by /u/Richard_Fist
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How would a doctor diagnose a stutter VS Tourette's? Which factors make the diagnoses for a stutter different to the diagnosis for Tourette's?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 10:51 PM PDT

How does our brain actually store information?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 10:47 PM PDT

From my understanding our brain is made up of tons of neurons that are all connected in a really complex network. How is it possible for us to remember images, words, or anything? Where does the chemistry interface with our conciousness? It can't simply be associating images with the firing of a specific branch of a neural network right? There has to be somewhere where that interaction is stored.

For example: when you see a dog for the first time, a specific connection of many neurons fires, and you come to associate that firing with an image of a dog, but how do we associate that? How does our brain store the actual image of the dog that we can recall so vividly?

submitted by /u/HanSoloCupFiller
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Why is it that if I focus on something, then tilt my head 45 degrees to the side, I still perceive that thing as "right side up"? In fact, it seems to not be moving at all.

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 08:36 AM PDT

What exact plastic is used in recent erector sets?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 10:20 PM PDT

I hope that this is the right place to ask this. I have looked everywhere and cannot find what type of plastic is used in modern erector sets.

I have a set for building the White House, and I want to paint the dome. I'd like to make certain that I use compatible paint, and one that will last.

Also I'd like to know how pigments caste in the plastic effect it's properties.

submitted by /u/troturaov
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How does BCS theory and cooper pairs relate to the superconductive state of carbon nanotubes?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 09:04 AM PDT

From reading into it, it seems that BCS theory only applies up to a critical temperature of 30K. Pure carbon nanotubes have shown to superconduct with a critical temperature greater than 30K, so why are Cooper pairs being used to describe their superconducting mechanism?

submitted by /u/imlargenotfat
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What work is currently being done in terminal ballistic modeling? Right now the tate equations seem to be the best but still very far off from a universal analytical formula.

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 03:12 PM PDT

How was the first HD video of the immune cell moving taken?

Posted: 26 Apr 2018 10:00 AM PDT