Pages

Tuesday, March 27, 2018

Are there any resources that Earth has already run out of?

Are there any resources that Earth has already run out of?


Are there any resources that Earth has already run out of?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 10:26 PM PDT

We're always hearing that certain resources are going to be used up someday (oil, helium, lithium...) But is there anything that the Earth has already run out of?

submitted by /u/faux-tographer
[link] [comments]

Why are some charging cables faster than others even when using the same power supply?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 03:18 PM PDT

Why is it so difficult to manufacture graphene in industrial quantities?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 11:37 PM PDT

Graphene seems to be such an incredible material with so many cutting edge applications.

Why is it that we can't manufacture it in any decent quantities? Does it just need a gigafactory style investment to obtain economies of scale or is there something that is lacking in our understanding of the physics that is preventing us from an efficient means of production?

submitted by /u/n8ores
[link] [comments]

How long did recombination (photon decoupling) actually take?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 06:43 PM PDT

Ok, so in the beginning, the universe was too hot and energetic for nuclei to hold on to electrons. Therefore photons had a very short mean free path to travel, and the whole universe was opaque. So far, so good.

Then, "378,000 years after the big bang", the universe had cooled down sufficiently for neutral atoms to form and became transparent. The one thing that I find gets glossed over in all the texts I've read is how long this process actually took. Was it fairly instantaneous across the entire universe, did it take weeks, months, thousands of years?

While the process was ongoing if you were in one of the transparent bits of the universe and looked towards a yet opaque bit, what would it look like? White? Black? Red?

submitted by /u/OnDrugsTonight
[link] [comments]

Why do knives cut better when you slide the blade across the thing you're cutting?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 06:27 PM PDT

You can't really push a knife through something. Most often it cuts a heck of a lot better if you SLIDE the knife (almost like sawing, but only in one direction.)

For example, cutting raw chicken. If you try to just press your knife down against it, it doesn't really work, but if pull the knife back as you're cutting, it cuts great.

Another example... You can press your finger against the sharp edge of a blade without hurting yourself, but as SOON as you slide your finger across the blade, you get a cut. Why?

Of course, this is all related to how sharp the knife is, but the question still stands.

submitted by /u/corrado33
[link] [comments]

Can you change the wavelength of coloured light?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 11:25 PM PDT

With magnetism or something. I know phosfloresence does it, but is there another mechanism? Does it work with non-uv light, if so is it still called that? Does it always go towards ir?

submitted by /u/sobertomato
[link] [comments]

How do multifocal Intra-ocular lenses work?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 05:39 PM PDT

A recent study has suggested some of TRAPPIST-1's planets may have 'too much water for life'. How does 'too much water' prevent a terrestrial planet from forming life?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 11:48 AM PDT

If sulfuric acid has a pH 2.75 (give or take a little) and Coca-Cola has a pH of 2.53 why does drinking sulfuric acid kill you but drinking Coke does not?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 01:14 PM PDT

What would happen to a hurricane (or tropical storm) that crosses the equator? Would the coriolis effect break it apart? Would it somehow reverse its rotation?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 01:33 PM PDT

How do surgeons attach blood vessels to artificial hearts?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 09:21 AM PDT

I'm specifically referring to the artificial heart that was recently in the news. see here.

I've read that blood vessels are normally attached by sewing which obviously won't work here. I've read that glue is not reliable for blood vessels. That leaves me thinking about something like the hose clamps used in engines, but surely that isn't reliable either.

So what prevents the blood vessel from slipping off the device in the short term? Does the blood vessel eventually fuse with the device? If not, what is the durability of the attachment mechanism? Wouldn't the "ends" of the blood vessel fray or deteriorate over time?

submitted by /u/scratch1234
[link] [comments]

If I were to fill a cup with ice, and then water (all the way to the rim) to fill in the remaining space, would the water overflow once all the ice melted?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 05:58 PM PDT

What's an anchor protein?

Posted: 27 Mar 2018 01:41 AM PDT

Someone told me that when cancer cells lose them, the cancer can become metastatic.

submitted by /u/StrangeSwordfish
[link] [comments]

How does sound dampening work on trains?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 11:32 AM PDT

Shouldn't trains produce very loud noise, considering their wheels are metal and are rolling on a metal rail? What measures can be (and are) taken to lessen that noise? Can a new train be used on an old track without noise and vice versa?

submitted by /u/HelloWorld002
[link] [comments]

How do we measure gas levels of an exoplanet's atmosphere?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 02:26 PM PDT

Methinks this would be impossible with current technology since we have to use a host star to even theorize an exoplanet's existence.

submitted by /u/Umbross13
[link] [comments]

What exactly is going on in the brain if a patient has "the most aggressive form of brain cancer" that could make them die quickly? How does brain cancer work exactly and how differently does it work when compared to other cancers?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 10:36 AM PDT

I watch this series on TV called "The Good Doctor" which is airing in the US and Canada, and in this season's final episode (airing this week) according to a preview airing after last weeks episode, one of the most important characters in the show (the head of the hospital where the series revolves around/in, and the father figure/mentor to the main character who has both autism and savant syndrome) gets diagnosed with "the most aggressive form of brain cancer", and everyone except the main character accepts the (possibly terminal) diagnosis. The main character still thinks he may able to save his mentor and father figure somehow (judging on the preview of this weeks episode that aired last week.)

Preview of this week's episode in case you want to take a look yourself, I found on the related subreddit, /r/GoodDoctor. In this preview, it doesn't specify which kind of brain cancer it is other than it is "the most aggressive" form out there.

So what I am wondering, as someone who has followed this show since the beginning (and having seen the main character grow up in this environment and interact with the other characters throughout all the episodes) and wanting more information on this: What exactly (scientifically) is going on in the brain of a patient that has "the most aggressive form of brain cancer" possible that could/would make them die quickly? Also, how does brain cancer work exactly and how differently does it work when compared to other cancers of the human body?

submitted by /u/urbanracer34
[link] [comments]

How did the first cells replicate?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 09:31 AM PDT

DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase enzymes are integral for cell replication as far as i know, but they are quite complex molecules. Were they already present at the beginning of life or were there other methods of replication of DNA?

submitted by /u/FinnishViking
[link] [comments]

Have there been studies of chemical bioaccumulation in humans?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 11:39 AM PDT

I'm aware of bioaccumulation studies in animals, but not in humans. This is almost a forensic medicine question. Is mercury bioaccumulation a fingerprint of people who eat lots of fish, for example? What other chemicals are humans bioaccumulating? Although humans eat more varied food sources, are there still certain food sources that leave distinct chemical fingerprints?

submitted by /u/siliconlife
[link] [comments]

What's the difference between a car's object detection system based on computer vision compared to an AI neural network?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 03:11 PM PDT

Asking because of this article about the Uber accident

Recent developments in artificial intelligence, like deep neural networks, have led many to believe that it is now easy to develop a highly accurate object detection system and that the decade-plus experience of incumbent computer vision experts should be discounted.

submitted by /u/smartse
[link] [comments]

Monday, March 26, 2018

Can the ancient magnetic field surrounding Mars be "revived" in any way?

Can the ancient magnetic field surrounding Mars be "revived" in any way?


Can the ancient magnetic field surrounding Mars be "revived" in any way?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 03:58 AM PDT

How does the ISS handle debris on its solar panels? How often does the ISS get hit with debris?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 04:58 AM PDT

If elephants (and other animals with long trunks like mammoths) went extinct millions of years ago, would we know they had long trunks from fossils? How would we know that?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 06:58 PM PDT

What is happening during a Mandelbrot zoom?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 09:38 PM PDT

I recently found out that watching Mandelbrot zoom's on YouTube is a ton of fun.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHkQjdh14cc

I don't know a lot about math. I understand the function and I understand the concept, but what the heck is going on with this video?

submitted by /u/lb8ovn
[link] [comments]

Why is mercury so dangerous to be touched or ingested?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 11:29 AM PDT

What happens on a cellular level?

submitted by /u/tjmorki5
[link] [comments]

Relative to their size, how far away are galaxies to each other?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 02:48 PM PDT

For example; is the average distance between galaxies 10,000 times their diameter?

submitted by /u/RevivedBear
[link] [comments]

Do scalars always add?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 08:19 AM PDT

I'm specifically thinking about positive point charges. When calculating the potential at a point between two point charges will they always add? Is that the point of them being scalar?

I'll be the first to admit that physics terminology usually goes over my head.

submitted by /u/2_Legit_2_Knit
[link] [comments]

Are solar panels used in space different from the ones used on Earth?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 12:23 PM PDT

Like taking advantage of more thermal and UV radiation.

submitted by /u/Thorkill
[link] [comments]

Why do the bruised portions of apples taste so different from the unbruised portions?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 07:58 AM PDT

What exactly causes you to instantly lose consciousness with a blow to the head?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 07:41 AM PDT

I was thinking about this yesterday and thought I'd ask.. I've been knocked out a couple of times over the years due to various cycling fails and don't really understand what happens.

What is it about a sharp blow to the head that causes the instant loss of consciousness? Does it do something physical like scramble signals, or is it a reaction to the impact designed to protect us, or something different entirely? Whatever it is, I'd love to know.

submitted by /u/MoreCamThanRon
[link] [comments]

Could desalination plants ever be powered by hydroelectricity?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 07:26 AM PDT

If a baby is born premature 7 months in the pregnancy after a month is it going to be more or less developed than if it was still in the womb?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 12:03 PM PDT

Is it going to be bigger, in terms of body weight and rate of growth? Is it going to be stronger? Will its cognitive development start as if it was born after a complete pregnancy or no? Basically after a month will it be able to react to stimuli as a baby that did 9 months in the womb and then a month out or will it behave as a baby born at 8 months?

submitted by /u/Kabniss
[link] [comments]

Where do wastewater treatment plants get the "good" bacteria they need to function? How are the good bacteria kept alive, and the bad ones destroyed?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 11:08 PM PDT

I've heard from a video about wastewater treatment plants that good bacteria is used to eat harmful microorganisms and pathogens from the dirty water as a step in the purification process. Where does the plant initially get the good bacteria from? How does the good bacteria stay alive, but the pathogens die?

submitted by /u/Whiplash32
[link] [comments]

Does dark energy have a negative temperature?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 06:39 AM PDT

What would happen if you stayed in room with only one color of light, such as red? Would your cones adapt or would it be like coming out a cave?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 02:43 PM PDT

Nuclear Reactors : Control rods - what causes the difference in reactivity worth? Why does regulation limit the number and depth of control rods at full power?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 05:50 AM PDT

Hi all,

Just a query I have.

I think I have a rough idea that the difference in reactivity worth may be due to the variation in flux distribution ( as a result of the the fuel loading pattern) and that reactivity worth is an important parameter as it specifies the safety margin of a reactor.

If somone could explain in more detail why exactly regulation limits the number and depth at full power that would be great - it would also be interesting to know if there is much variance between international regulation upon this matter and why at full power it is such a problem.

Thanks!

submitted by /u/helix_413
[link] [comments]

Why where Fat Man and Little Boy shaped differently?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 05:20 AM PDT

This never occurred to me until I saw this meme, but why where Fat Man and Little Boy shaped differently? I understand that they where different sizes with different yields, but why where their silhouettes so different from one another?

submitted by /u/LevTheRed
[link] [comments]

Does sense of smell degrade with age like with vision and hearing?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 09:49 PM PDT

Not every galaxy has a black hole at its centre, but what else has a high enough gravitational field to keep stars in orbit?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 05:14 AM PDT

What's the difference between the Observer Effect and the Uncertainty Principle?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 01:20 PM PDT

There is an unbelievably large amount of misinformation about both of these things it is hard to get an answer.

From what I understand the uncertainty principle is when you send electromagnetic waves to observe particles but because of how small particles are you need to make the wavelength shorter and the frequency higher so that it interacts with the particle but the more you do this the higher the uncertainty of the position and the velocity of the particle is since the process of doing that disturbs the particle.

I have tried looking up the observer effect and either people start talking about consciousness or I see Neil deGrasse Tyson talking to Joe Rogan and he says that it is the same thing and then I look in the comment section and they say that he is simplifying it or just getting it completely wrong (although the comment section have been known for getting things wrong themselves).

The only other thing is the odd mention of the double split experiment or superposition - both of which I vaguely understand the basic principle behind but I don't really understand what is happening on a Quantum scale.

submitted by /u/Mebzy
[link] [comments]

Why can we see our breath when it’s cold out?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 04:37 AM PDT

Do trees contribute to the environment when they lose their leaves?

Posted: 26 Mar 2018 04:22 AM PDT

For example they photosynthesise to replace oxygen in the atmosphere which is very useful to humans - do they continue to do this during the winter without leaves?

submitted by /u/CasualAppUser
[link] [comments]

Sunday, March 25, 2018

What is the maximum number of atoms that can exist within a molecule?

What is the maximum number of atoms that can exist within a molecule?


What is the maximum number of atoms that can exist within a molecule?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 01:18 AM PDT

How exactly does the rabies virus control human beings (stop them from drinking)?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 01:21 AM PDT

What is the mechanism the virus uses to control human behavior? Does it override programs in the motor cortex? Does it program fear of water in the amygdala? Or does it just block muscles in the throat? I find it very hard to understand how a virus can manipulate something as complex and deliberate as human behavior. Video

submitted by /u/Proteus_Dagon
[link] [comments]

Do insects have muscles? If so, are they structurally similar to ours, and why can some, like ants, carry so much more weight than us proportionally? If not, what to they have that acts as a muscle?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 02:12 AM PDT

Can someone explain the reasons for why the big crunch theory is not considered the most likely scenario for how the universe will end?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 07:00 PM PDT

To clarify:

1) Just because we can currently observe the universe accellerating does in no way, shape or form mean it will do so forever?

As a metaphor. If I throw a ball really hard, then it will accellerate at an increasing rate before slowing down, stopping, or bouncing back. I don't understand how we being able to observe the universe expanding now, no matter how rapidly, is evidence that it will never slow down, halt, or rebound. Considering a cosmic timeframe, our observation of the motion of the universe would be insignificantly small compared to the full motion in question.

2) Wouldn't our very existence be proof of the big freeze being wrong? By that I mean: If the universe could end / was finite. Then the odds of us existing would be non-existent?

Scenario A) The universe is finite
Scenario B) The universe is infinite

Scenario B is likely, because we exist.
And scenario A is almost infinitely unlikely, because if life could only exist a finite amount of times, then the chance of us existing in a set number in a finite chain would be immeasurably low? When talking statistics, then we existing in universe 1/1, 4/5 or 55/84 or 999/999 is actually so unlikely that it borders to impossible? This because whatever follows a set number would be infinity. In other words, in an infinite timespan us existing in a finite universe would be an impossibility?

3) The big crunch is the theory that best explains the nature of existence? If the universe has a mechanism that causes it to explode/implode infinitely, then it fits the law of conservation of energy perfectly, as well as explaining how probable it is that we exist in the first place?

submitted by /u/Ouroboros612
[link] [comments]

Is there a way the heat produced in a exothermic reaction can be reduced?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 01:02 AM PDT

What the title says.

submitted by /u/TheDragonRebornEMA
[link] [comments]

Is there a reason most planets are spherical?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 10:54 PM PDT

Do glasses meant to help far away vision help see things that are "far" away in a computer monitor like in a video or a game?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 01:36 AM PDT

What determines which wavelengths of light are reflected and which ones are absorbed by a certain dye?

Posted: 25 Mar 2018 12:44 AM PDT

I know that blue paint reflects blue light and absorbs for example red light, but I would like to know why it does that. What happens inside the paint?

submitted by /u/thwi
[link] [comments]

How do scientists or anyone know if a star they see and believe to have discovered isn't already discovered and documented?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 11:52 PM PDT

Can spectroscopic measurments distinguish between a gas of atomic hydrogen and one of molecular hydrogen (H2)? If so, how?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 11:35 PM PDT

Does quantity of viruses/bacterias on initial infection even matter since they will replicate anyway?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 09:35 AM PDT

Simply: is there any difference between being infected by 1 specimen and 1000 specimens of HIV virus for example?

submitted by /u/pikorro
[link] [comments]

Are atolls floating or are they connected to the submerged volcanos?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 03:54 PM PDT

How do we know how long Jupiter’s red spot has been there?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 10:45 AM PDT

Since a particle would need to have no mass to travel at the speed of light, could something with negative mass travel faster than light?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 06:47 PM PDT

What does it mean to say there is a frequency associated with an analog signal?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 04:25 PM PDT

When performing measurements using analog instruments such as a thermocouple, there is an output signal such as voltage that can be used to determine the temperature of the hot end of the thermocouple.

But since the output voltage is constant, assuming its a stead state process, why is there a frequency associated with the signal? Won't the signal consist of a single voltage reading? (and random variations due to noise) So over time, the voltage vs time plot will show a straight line generally speaking, with some noise fluctuations.

What is the function of something like a low-pass filter in this scenario? How can there be a frequency if there is no periodicity in the signal?

submitted by /u/KingDignus
[link] [comments]

Does a magnetic MRI machine have an effect on the Iron in our blood?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 01:26 PM PDT

What brought forth the double Slit Experiment? Why or what theories was it meant to test, and how did those Ideas form?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 05:49 PM PDT

I was Musing the little I know about the strange quantum universe... I understand the double Slit Experiment, the importance of finding an interference pattern, and how that I helped form the uncertainty principle...

What got experimenters to even start thinking that direction?

submitted by /u/SelfProclaimedBadAss
[link] [comments]

What are the benefits of Nuclear Fusion?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 08:58 AM PDT

Strong/weak nuclear forces vs. gravity - can I just combine them?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 08:38 PM PDT

Let's imagine for a second that combining the 3 forces into 1 overall attraction/repulsion function based on distance would be used for a particle simulator I am writing for curiosity sake.

This is what the function would look like:

https://i.imgur.com/7vLhjy2.png

The concept being that as a new particle position is calculated, instead of calculating the strength of each 3 forces seperately, just do it all in one shot. When the function returns a positive value from the green region, they are attracting based on the effect of gravity - green region. When there is enough force to push them past the negative function return - red region - they will be bound together.

The coulomb barrier would represent the magnitude of the red region, binding force in the blue region, etc... The specifics of the function in terms of distance ranges and magnitudes can be put in for accuracy.

The motivation for looking at it like this is for a particle simulator I am writing:

https://www.reddit.com/r/Simulated/comments/86utfm/digital_phyics_saturday_halfway_decent_particle/

and am having a heck of a time trying to get the particles to become stable and bind together to form nuceli. Despite my best efforts to calculate the 3 forces individually and apply them only results in particles scattering around and never fully accurately modeling what they should be doing.

I cannot seem to find any references towards the concept of combining them into a single function. Is this something which has already been looked at in physics?

submitted by /u/anotherlittlewave
[link] [comments]

How were horses used to make glue?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 09:49 AM PDT

Why do cicadas come out once every 17 years?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 04:15 PM PDT

From a biological standpoint, what is the purpose of this?

submitted by /u/taiwanna
[link] [comments]