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Saturday, March 24, 2018

What is the inside of a nebula like?

What is the inside of a nebula like?


What is the inside of a nebula like?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 05:05 AM PDT

In most science fiction I've seen nebulas are like storm clouds with constant ion storms. How accurate is this? Would being inside a nebula look like you're inside a storm cloud and would a ship be able to go through it or would their systems be irreparably damaged and the ship become stranded there?

submitted by /u/Rock_Zeppelin
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What happens a chimpanzee baby is raised by bonobos? And vice versa? Will they adapt to their new societies? Can chimpanzees cross breed with bonobos?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 04:16 AM PDT

Can chimpanzee babies be adapted by bonobos, and vice versa? If so, will the regular chimpanzee baby be more peaceful, adapt to a more matriarchal society of bonobo monkeys? Will the bonobo chimpanzee raised by regular chimps be more aggressive? (I am assuming that chimps are more violent, but correct me if I am wrong).

submitted by /u/Judge____Holden
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Why are volcanic lightning sometimes red?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 04:20 AM PDT

I just watched some videos and often theyre normal blue but in some videos the lightnings are red like in movies or something. Why does that happen?

submitted by /u/Redluff
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iss stil orbits inside the atmosphere?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 02:33 AM PDT

this information could be wrong but the iss orbits at circa 400 Km while the earths atomosphere continues to 480 km, does the iss compensate for the atmospheric drag in some way or is there just so little air up there that it doesnt really matter?

sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Space_Station

https://www.space.com/17683-earth-atmosphere.html

submitted by /u/tsloa
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how do brain-less orgasms (like jellyfish) know how to survive (eat food, reproduce, etc.)?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 07:42 PM PDT

How does the release of neurotransmitters from varicosities stimulate the contraction of smooth muscle cell?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 04:07 AM PDT

I am a little bit confused about how smooth muscle cells are stimulated by the release of neurotransmitters.

I know that in skeletal muscle, Ach binds to receptors on the sarcolemma causing sodium ion channels to open generating an action potential. This action potential then travels down the T-tubules and thus trigger the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

How does the release of neutrotransmitter from the varicosities cause the ultimate opening of calcium ion channels in the smooth muscle cell?

submitted by /u/pancakedevil
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In space with no gravity, which way do plant roots grow?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 09:52 AM PDT

Okay I remember from high school that if you plant a seed in dirt, the seed automatically knows which way to direct its roots due to gravity. But imagine a scenario similar to the movie Walle where we are traveling through space in the middle of the galaxy without any local planets or stars influencing our ship. If we stuck a seed into a dirt container in our ship, would the roots branch out randomly, or point towards the nearest system?

Another question if we were in one of those spinning cylindrical colonies (similar to the ones in gundam) in space that simulates gravity. Gravity is the attraction of mass, but could the seed tell that this centripetal force isn't really gravity? Or would it be tricked to thinking it is gravity and still plant it's roots outward of this spinning colony.

Follow up extremely hypothetical question assuming the seed roots do grow normally in a spinning colony: if we planted a seed here on earth, but made a small device that spun the dirt and seed in a circle (similar to the colony in space), but the force acting on the seed was greater than earths gravity, would the roots point outward in our little device or still down towards gravity?

submitted by /u/3-day-respawn
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How does the electrical conductivity of plasma compare to typical conductors, say, copper or aluminum?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 06:49 PM PDT

How does the captcha "I am not a robot" work?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 09:24 PM PDT

Couldn't you just make a robot that ticks the box if it encounters one?

submitted by /u/KappaDoglike
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Do all electrons form Cooper pairs in superconductors?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 11:58 AM PDT

And if they don't, what percentage doesn't? Does it depend on the material or the temperature?

I haven't been able to find these answers online or in my textbooks. Searching tips would also be very welcome :)

submitted by /u/Kardinality
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Applying the duet/octet rule, why is carbon monoxide stable?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 11:06 PM PDT

Since Oxygen only needs 2 electrons on the M layer and Carbon needs 4; how is a C≡O triple bond stable?

submitted by /u/khodor2012
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Is there anything you can wrap around a magnet to block the magnetic field?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 10:21 PM PDT

How do solar panels work?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 07:34 PM PDT

Why is it that when you put 2 mirrors directly opposite of each other, it'll reflect an infinite image that starts curving to one direction?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 04:32 PM PDT

What would the stars look like from the dark side of a tidally locked planet? Would each star only be visible for part of each year?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 01:05 PM PDT

How does preservation of bodies work(cadavers, animals for study, etc)?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 05:04 PM PDT

Besides the use of formaldehyde I don't know what happens. How does this chemical 'preserve' things, are other things involved, when/is there a time limit before the body continues decomposition?

Obviously there's other methods people used to use and other methods in general, and the misfortune some have in extreme conditions like freezing cold or swampy areas, I just often study near this particular chemical when dissecting.

submitted by /u/sine_nomine_meo
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Has quantum supremacy been achieved?

Posted: 24 Mar 2018 05:00 AM PDT

What is the timeline/path for new medical treatments from first reports to human trials?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 06:42 AM PDT

I have read for so long now about CRISPR and extending telomeres both as possible treatments for many conditions including muscular dystrophy. In this age, I know early studies turn into sensationalized news rapidly. However, what is the realistic timeline or path these concepts take until we see human trials and/or applications?

submitted by /u/ryanh221
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Why does frost form patterns on its own?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 11:29 AM PDT

For example when you see frost on a car window its rarely even and it has all kinds of lines that aren't surrounded by frost etc.

submitted by /u/perkelem
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Does all Black Holes have the same density?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 12:58 PM PDT

I realize they do not have the same mass, but is the density believed to be the same?

submitted by /u/NulloK
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Huge crack appears in Africa. Why?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 06:55 AM PDT

A huge crack has appeared in Africa and could be the continent beginning to split in two. Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-africa-43501954/huge-crack-opens-in-kenya-s-rift-valley

This is pretty crazy that suddenly land can just rip apart like this on a large scale. I understand it happening overtime with earthquakes and I understand when it involves ice. But this just seems crazy.

Has anything like this happened over the past several hundred years or is this a first in thousands of years?

What could be the cause other than heavy rain mixed with there being a fault? Can this happen anywhere or only where there is a fault line? Could a new fault line occur in a new part of the world and if so how quickly as this crack appeared almost instantly?

submitted by /u/geon106
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Friday, March 23, 2018

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Ellen Currano and I am the (sometimes bearded) face of women in paleontology. AMA!

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Ellen Currano and I am the (sometimes bearded) face of women in paleontology. AMA!


AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Ellen Currano and I am the (sometimes bearded) face of women in paleontology. AMA!

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 04:00 AM PDT

I am a paleontologist and professor at the University of Wyoming who studies fossil plants and ancient climate change. I have dug up fossils on six continents, with most of my work in Wyoming and Ethiopia. I co-produced and starred in The Bearded Lady Project: Challenging the Face of Science, a documentary film and traveling portrait exhibition that celebrates the work of female paleontologists and highlights the challenges and obstacles they face. You can read more about my work, research, and the fight for gender equality in the science community in Quartz's How We'll Win series. I'll be on at 2pm eastern (18 UT), ask me anything!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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What causes moles to appear on our skin?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 09:07 AM PDT

Is groundwater (i.e. the depth to the water table) affected by the gravitational pull of the moon like tides?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 12:50 AM PDT

Do we have greater precipitation due to the ice caps melting?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 04:38 AM PDT

According to the front page, hydrological events are on the rise. Is this due to a lesser amount of the planet's water being locked up as ice at the Poles?

submitted by /u/RedEddy
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Can ubiquitin be degraded via the proteasome?

Posted: 23 Mar 2018 04:04 AM PDT

I'm learning about the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation pathway, and I was wondering if ubiquitin can be degraded by this pathway? Can it be degraded at all (by the lysosomal pathway or others)?

submitted by /u/chocolatem00se
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When leeches and bats suck blood does that blood goes directly on their bloodstream or on their digestive system?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 08:16 PM PDT

And if the digestive system is the answer(most likely), how hard is to digest blood?

submitted by /u/Olirum94
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Why are left-handed people often excluded from psychological and neurological research studies?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 01:44 PM PDT

Also, has there been any research on the impact this has had on left-handed people (i.e. is this cohort at a disadvantage, particularly when it comes to treatment efficacy, because they are so often excluded from research populations?)

submitted by /u/sionnachglic
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Is it possible (theoretically) to cause nuclear fusion through a purely kinetic method, or in layman's terms smash two objects together really hard to fuse them?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 03:35 PM PDT

Where there any deserts on Pangaea?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 05:34 PM PDT

These desertified lands does not seem normal for our planet, are they?

Edit: "were", not "where" of course

submitted by /u/efojs
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Given the violent reaction with normal matter, what do scientists do with antimatter when they are through with it (plus another antimatter question in the comments)?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 04:21 PM PDT

I have a couple of antimatter questions.

A few years ago, scientists created some antihydrogen atoms and kept them suspended for around 20 mins (IIRC).

  • Since antimatter violently reacts with normal matter, what did the scientists do with the antihydrogen after the experiment? How did they "dispose" of it?

  • Spectral analysis reveals which element(s) are present in an atmosphere. Does antihydrogen give off the same spectral lines as hydrogen?

submitted by /u/BloodSoakedDoilies
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What chemical processes give bread its crunchy crust?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 09:04 PM PDT

Why do sharks have eyes on the sides of their head?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 04:56 PM PDT

I grew up being told that herbavores have eyes on the sides of their heads to see predators, and predators have eyes on the front of their heads for depth perception, to catch prey. I just realized that sharks have eyes on the sides of their heads in spite of being predatory. Anyone up to explain?

submitted by /u/redditless
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Can you deduce thermal properties of metals from their mechanical properties, or does their internal structure not allow for this?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 02:06 PM PDT

Aluminium, for example, has a low fracture point and elastic limit whereas steel's is very high. Does this mean you can know their relative thermal properties, or are the thermal properties of metals totally independent of this?

submitted by /u/mechtherm
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What determines which way graphite layers will face during crystallization?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 12:10 PM PDT

How were atoms/molecules observed before the quantum microscope and spectroscopy?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 04:57 PM PDT

The period table began being built long before such technology but different elements were recognized. How? How do we know that in chemical reactions the molecules break up and recombine into those specific products? How were the elements/atoms in products observed?

Thanks!

submitted by /u/ra4king
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Thursday, March 22, 2018

What makes some materials like cat fur or velvet feel soft?

What makes some materials like cat fur or velvet feel soft?


What makes some materials like cat fur or velvet feel soft?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 10:12 AM PDT

If the universe is expanding, what is it taking the place of?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 08:16 PM PDT

I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around the concept of an ever-expanding universe. If the volume of the universe is increasing, then what is outside of it? Where can the edges of the universe go if there is nothing on the other side? Also isn't space just nothing? How can nothing expand? And if there's nothing on the other side of space then how do we differentiate that nothing from the nothing that is our space?

submitted by /u/chinchillada
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Why do "cold" and "wet" textures feel so similar?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 08:28 AM PDT

Edit: thanks to the numerous commentors giving input on this question!

submitted by /u/octopusgreenhouse
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Why do most medicinal pills have "-HCl" added to the end?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 08:34 AM PDT

How does Uranium Lead dating of crystals work?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 04:28 AM PDT

Just watching Cosmos. It's the episode about finding the age of the earth. They explain that uranium decays to lead. We know the half life of lead. So if we measure the amount of lead and the amount of uranium, we can do some maths to find the age of a sample.

So far so good. But then they say that the original readings for lead were too high. But how could they know that?

Wouldn't the high readings for lead just mean that the age calculated would appear to be much higher?

How do we know the acceptable range for the values for lead? Any help would be gratefully received.

submitted by /u/fizdup
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Why do electron holes move 2x slower than electrons?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 07:08 PM PDT

Electron holes are just places in the lattice where electrons aren't present, so why is the carrier mobility around 2-3x less for electron holes compared to electrons? I never quite understood why.

It obviously has massive effects in electronic design like VLSI gates and power electronics.

submitted by /u/mech_eng_lewis
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How do we know what the full milky way looks like?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 07:19 PM PDT

Plants know which way to grow because of gravity , so what happens if we plant one in space ?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 03:42 PM PDT

Do roots grow in all directions , or do they grow in a random direction which could make the plant grow in the ground , and the root going upward ( I consider upward is out of earth)

submitted by /u/appophiss
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Do blind people see visuals on psychedelics?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 07:19 AM PDT

So if Lightbulbs are based on heating metal so that it gets excited and emits photons. Is the type of metal the difference between the type of photons? ex. xray vs regular light, or is it something like tungeston can emit any photon depending on weird stuff like heat and vaccum levels?

Posted: 22 Mar 2018 03:16 AM PDT

What effectively renders a volcano inactive?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 08:23 PM PDT

Is there such thing as a double Gamma function similar to the Double Factorial?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 01:25 PM PDT

After watching blackpenredpen's latest video I was motivated to try to derive an analytic function for double gamma that would extend the double factorial to non-integer numbers.
I came up with the following: (i don't see this in the wikipedia article

Define the Double Gamma Function Γ² (x)=( 2^((x-1)/2) *Γ((x+1)/2)*sin²(π/2* x) + 2^(1-x/2)*Γ(x)/Γ(x/2)*cos²(π/2* x) ) / √( 1+k*sin²(πx) ) where k~0.0127996745295915

This has all the properties we want of the double factorial including:
- Γ²(n+1)=n‼; (Double Gamma equals Double Factorial for integer values of n)
- Γ²(x+1)Γ²(x)=Γ(x+1); (same relationship as double factorial, n‼(n-1)!!=n!)
- expand double factorial to all real numbers except on the poles that are located at the negative even integers
- Γ²(0+1)=1; so 0!! = 1

Here are values of x, Γ²(x+1) and Γ²(x+1)*Γ²(x)=Γ(x+1) for 0 to 7 incrementing by 0.5

x Γ²(x+1) Γ²(x+1)*Γ²(x)=Γ(x+1)
0 1 1
0.5 0.9628 0.8862
1 1 1
1.5 1.3806 1.3293
2 2 2
2.5 2.4070 3.3233
3 3 6
3.5 4.8323 11.631
4 8 24
4.5 10.831 52.342
5 15 120
5.5 26.577 287.88
6 48 720
6.5 70.406 1871.2
7 105 5040
submitted by /u/Earthbjorn
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Do animals forget about their offspring over time?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 02:10 PM PDT

Is there a scientific explanation for why children and even adults are so preoccupied with ‘fair’?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 07:14 AM PDT

I'm a teacher, and children seem to spend such a huge chunk of their time concerning themselves with other kids' affairs and whether the distribution of reward/punishment/attention is fair. Is this just in the way we raise kids or is there something more complex at work?

submitted by /u/Lettuce-b-lovely
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I run a current through a solenoid and get a magnetic force. I stick an iron core in the solenoid and get a bigger magnetic force. How is conservation of energy preserved?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 02:11 PM PDT

Are drought prone regions more vulnerable to wars and conflicts?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 07:18 AM PDT

How and When does fetus/infant/toddler get its guts colonized by "good" bacteria?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 05:34 AM PDT

Does it happen before the birth? Or the bacteria come with mother's milk or later (external food)? How the initial 'colonization' happens? How kid's organism assures that these will be the "good" bacteria?

submitted by /u/dge278
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how do you prove that 1+1=2?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 03:05 PM PDT

in principia mathematica there are well over 100 pages explaining this, how exactly do you go on to explain 1+1=2 using hundreds of pages?

submitted by /u/MLPorsche
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What makes something smell “bad”?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 09:14 AM PDT

How much more do we know about the 'ocean waves' on Titan?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 05:13 PM PDT

Why do some Con trails(the clouds planes leave behind) last much longer than others?

Posted: 21 Mar 2018 04:57 PM PDT

I live just a few miles from Tampa airport(TIA). Sometimes the trails last forever, but most times they go away quick. What causes it to to linger. Its like it's making it own cloud.

submitted by /u/Tommy4uf
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