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Monday, March 5, 2018

Why do grapefruits and grapefruit juice interact so much with so many types of medications?

Why do grapefruits and grapefruit juice interact so much with so many types of medications?


Why do grapefruits and grapefruit juice interact so much with so many types of medications?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 09:40 PM PST

Does the energy produced by a solar panel during its lifespan exceed that required for its production?

Posted: 05 Mar 2018 02:16 AM PST

Why are snowflakes flat? Why not something with more depth?

Posted: 05 Mar 2018 05:35 AM PST

Do EMPs affect electrical signals in the brain?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 05:42 PM PST

What is the Van der Waal Force?

Posted: 05 Mar 2018 07:18 AM PST

I've been reading some stuff about it but the definitions are so convoluted and not in lay men's terms. I can't understand what it is.

submitted by /u/ThePioneer99
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If the First Law of Thermodynamics is unbreakable, then how can the Universe be?

Posted: 05 Mar 2018 06:17 AM PST

So we know that we have The Universe where "energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can be neither created nor destroyed", but at the same time there was a time where the Universe was not the Universe, be it pre-Big Bang or earlier. So how can we have a situation where the energy of the Universe is made manifest, if energy can be neither created or destroyed.

Or am I missing something and the First Law of Thermodynamics is breakable?

submitted by /u/mahaanus
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Why can't any computer run any program?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 03:30 PM PST

Why couldnt't a cell phone for example run windows, just slower because of less memory and other stats to the computer? Or what is it that prevents this from being possible?

submitted by /u/Shupsta
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Marijuana has ~113 known cannabinoids, but our bodies have only two known cannabanoid receptors. What is the function of our cannabinoid receptors, and how do they react with cannabinoids in Marijuana to produce Marijuana's effects?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 10:00 PM PST

Why does silicon-based lubricant degrade silicon?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 09:35 PM PST

Yes, I'm asking a question about sex toys.

submitted by /u/_JosiahBartlet
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Why do the angles in a triangle add to 180 degrees, but if you walk the lines of a triangle you would turn 360 degrees?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 01:19 PM PST

Can artificial light power solar panels?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 06:22 PM PST

Is the energy of annihilation in neutrinoless double beta decay passed to the emitting electrons?

Posted: 05 Mar 2018 06:06 AM PST

I have a question about majorana fermion annihilation process. MOre specifically, neutrinoless double beta decay. This interaction produces only the two β electrons, which carry the whole reaction energy Qββ. Does this mean that both neutrinos (which are their own antiparticle) annihilate and pass the energy of this process to emitting electrons? Or how is this process happening?

submitted by /u/Veve_cg
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What happens to visual processing when we blink?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 05:36 PM PST

More specifically, does the actual act of closing our eyes have any effects on the way vision is processed other than just blocking light from our eyes?

submitted by /u/SteelBeams4JetFuel
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Why are M Dwarf stars so volatile?

Posted: 05 Mar 2018 05:22 AM PST

Apparently, Proxima Centauri roasted Proxima b last year in a giant solar flare. Why are these smaller stars so variable, if that's the word? Aren't they cooler? My mind hurts.

submitted by /u/Raskov75
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What is the absolute magnitude of an average star?

Posted: 05 Mar 2018 05:07 AM PST

As the title states, what is the absolute magnitude of an average star? I'm trying to estimate the number of stars in a galaxy from a photo I've taken.

submitted by /u/NoobLord98
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What happens to the electrons in the positive plate of capacitor?

Posted: 05 Mar 2018 12:23 AM PST

So battery and a capacitor are connected.

The electrons are attracted to the positive terminal and will flow from the minues terminal to the capacitor plate. This negative charge of the plate will push electrons away from the other plate, making the second plate positively charged.

What happened to the electrons in the positive plate? I assume those electrons get pushed back into the positive terminal.

Doesn't this now mean the voltage between the battery terminals is less now? Because the positive terminal gained electrons. So then the attraction force pulling electrons is lower than original, right? So the voltage of the battery has dropped. Shouldn't this mean the voltage of when the capacitor and battery are equal is a lower voltage than the battery? Because if we say the capacitor will charge to the original battery voltage, doesn't this imply that even though the positive terminal gained electrons, the battery voltage has remained the same? Kind of weird to think about, if you imagine a +2 charge and two electrons separated. Say one electron goes to the +2 particle, so what's left is +1 particle and 1 electron. Now the force and hence voltage between the electron and positive particle is less because the other electron neutralized one positive charge.

So what I'm saying is:

Yes, I agree the battery and capacitor voltages will eventually be equal.

But the voltage at which this happens is lower than the original battery voltage.

Am I right? Is saying the capacitor will reach the original battery voltage just a simplification?

submitted by /u/yosimba2000
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Do animals shed their winter coats at the same time every year? Or does it depend on whether it's actually getting warmer outside?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 05:35 PM PST

It's still pretty cold outside, but my cat is shedding. This lead to me think about whether it needs to be getting warm outside for animals to start shedding their winter coats, or if it just happens at the same time every year no matter the weather.

submitted by /u/justupvotes
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How does antimatter-catalyzed nuclear pulse propulsion work?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 09:56 PM PST

Believe it is also called "spiked fusion," but that may be something else (could someone maybe confirm?). Additional questions:

What is the composition of the "fuel pellets" used in this technique?

How would one make these fuel pellets?

Are these fuel pellets Is this from of propulsion more efficient than modern rocket thrusters? If so by what magnitude?

submitted by /u/HaythamJubilee
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Which has a higher density of asteroids, the asteroid belt or the Jupiter Trojans?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 07:52 PM PST

When someone receives a blood transfusion or an organ transplant, what happens to the donor's DNA?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 01:53 PM PST

Does it get changed to the receiver's DNA somehow? Does it affect/change the receiver's DNA? How does it work?

submitted by /u/gottagetstabbed
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How do light sensors (Ir thermometers, laser range finders) detect the exact wavelength of light from the source while ignoring all other light sources?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 07:27 PM PST

Any modern day locations have thousands of light sources. How can a sensor filter out everything else to detect that one single wavelength?

submitted by /u/striker7770
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Does dairy have the same environmental impact as beef?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 08:21 PM PST

This answer, at first seems clear, but I'm not sure how simple it is. Everyone knows and expresses how bad beef is, but they never say much about dairy. Is it better? Worse? In terms of land usage, greenhouse gases, used water?

submitted by /u/fortkevin10
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Sunday, March 4, 2018

When we extract energy from tides, what loses energy? Do we slow down the Earth or the Moon?

When we extract energy from tides, what loses energy? Do we slow down the Earth or the Moon?


When we extract energy from tides, what loses energy? Do we slow down the Earth or the Moon?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 04:11 AM PST

Dry ice sublimates at around -80°C. Coldest temperature on earth measured ~= -89°C. Does CO2 start to condense?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 04:58 AM PST

Hello :-)

I am currently using dry ice with students in the tinker workshop. We where curious... What happens when the atmosphere gets colder?

Weird Snow? Frost? Or would it need to be significantly colder?

Random quote from currentResults

Vostok, Antarctica -89.2°C -128.5°F July 21, 1983

Vostok, Antarctica -88.3°C -126.9°F August 24, 1960

Plateau Station, Antarctica -86.2°C -123.1°F July 20, 1968

Dome Argus, Antarctica -82.5°C -116.5°F July, 2005

Thanks, have a nice day! :-)

submitted by /u/schorhr
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Do animals that mate for life (eg. Penguins, beavers, etc.) sleep around a bit before mating for life or do they just spend the rest of their lives with the first one they mate with?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 08:30 AM PST

Why are potato chips usually hyperbolic, but not flat or elliptic?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 01:00 PM PST

Not sure if that's appropriate flair, but anyways. Usually potato chips are slightly saddle shaped, meaning they curve in opposite directions along the length and width of them (hyperbolic). Why don't they curve more like a sphere, in the same direction both ways (elliptic)? Why curve at all? I know it takes work to change the curvature of something, my understanding is that's why you can fold pizza to stop it from drooping.

submitted by /u/iaswob
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How would a theoretical "metallic hydrogen" rocket thruster work?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 02:50 AM PST

Can't seem to find this information on the internet. Only found out that it was "lighter" and "more efficient" than regular hydrogen fuel, but how would it work, in depth, as a proper rocket fuel in an actual rocket engine?

Additional Questions: Does this type of thrust require an oxidizer? Is metallic hydrogen still just two hydrogen atoms single-bonded to one another like regular rocket propellant or something different entirely? Does it have different phases than regular hydrogen (i.e. when is it a solid, liquid, etc.)? What are other benefits of metallic hydrogen

submitted by /u/HaythamJubilee
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How do we know/estimate the colour of dinosaur feathers/scales/skin without any real images of them?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 05:13 PM PST

I've always wondered how scientists/ graphics designers came up with the coulored reconstructions of dinosaurs.

I've lived off the theory thus far that it's all guess work based around their natural environment and how they interact with it. Or possibly, that cells of their bone were analysed and subsequent pigment cells could be guesstimated from that.

Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/Coppo123
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Does sign language differ significantly from country to country?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 08:18 PM PST

Is there an audio equivalent of Framerate? And can our ears notice it?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 04:24 AM PST

For example, while viewing a slowed down video, there are less frames per second so things seem jumpy and jittery, but you can record at high frame rates to counteract this. If we were to listen to sound slowed down, would there be gaps that were audible? And could that be negated by high bitrate recording?

submitted by /u/juxtapositionally
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Are there any animal species living on the seabed that are unable to swim?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 04:59 AM PST

I mean species that would be too heavy to be able to swim up, so they would be living exclusively at the bottom of the seabed, maybe able to somewhat "jump" etc, but not actually swim freely in all directions.

Are there any species like that? And if so, is there any evolutionary purpose to losing the ability to swim as a species that live under water?

submitted by /u/ncilm
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How do we actually know if quantum particles can teleport?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 07:31 PM PST

I just learned about Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, and that you can't interact with a quantum particle directly due to needing to introduce energy to get a response. I also recently learned about quantum tunneling, that particles can jump through space.

How can we tell that this happens due to the inability of directly viewing these particles?

And could the effect of observing something cause this affect?

Like could the interaction cause the particle to move in the first place, and due to the lack of being able to accurately track it could that seem like it's "skipping" or jumping through space?

Sorry for the formatting, on mobile.

submitted by /u/ecrous-deez
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How do we know that the conservation of energy is an actual thing?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 01:40 AM PST

I don't really know a lot about physics, but from the stuff I've come across everyone seems to treat the conservation of energy or information as given, but how do we know that that's a thing?

submitted by /u/anAwkwardPoolNoodle
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What causes particles to behave in paired ways in quantum entanglement?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 02:01 AM PST

Curious about the nature of the agency that causes particles to behave similarly. Is there any limit on the distance apart that they can be for this effect to still make itself felt?

submitted by /u/Chicken_Spanker
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Why do hurricanes weaken over land, while incredibly strong and violent tornadoes can form and sustain themselves entirely over land?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 04:32 PM PST

Why does any system/particles/electrons/atoms tend to be on the position with the lowest energy state?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 05:31 AM PST

I understand that the way electrons "fit" around the nucleus is such that they are in the lowest energy state possible. I'm also told that this is also the reason why atoms and various compounds/molecules are formed but why is this so? Is there any specific reason? Also how does the electron/atom "know" that it's in the lowest energy state and how it has to align itself?

submitted by /u/devil_lvl666
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Is it possible to run an entire home off grid using DC power and renewable energy?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 05:02 AM PST

Is it possible to run an entire home off grid using DC power and renewable energy?

I mean so power from an array of rooftop solar panels , and perhaps a small DC garden wind turbine A Battery storage sufficient to take and store renewable energy to power the home when there is not enough energy being produced.

All appliances are efficient like DC LED light bulbs, televisions, future electric car charging etc.

Many items now run of USB power like phones, laptops etc, and with things like TYPE C and other usb advances even more power hungry products can now be used

So whats stopping us from skipping AC if your producing sufficient energy, has it been done, can it be done, does everything in the home have a DC equivalent, and how much more efficient will it be, and will be seeing future homes running of DC entirely?

submitted by /u/AzzzYYzzzA
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What is just the relativistic effect on the orbit of S0-2 around Sagittarius A*? By how much would it theoretically precess?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 04:22 PM PST

I understand that the "daisy petal effect" on Mercury's orbit is 40 - 43 arc seconds more per century than can be accounted for by the laws of motion, that Einstein's GR accounts for perfectly. There was a measurable GR effect on a tiny body coming within 4.7 x 107 km of 1 solar mass, how about on a 15M body coming within 1.8 x 1010 km of a 4.3 x 106 solar masses? Would S0-2 precess more or less than Mercury? (I'm discussing the GR component of precession only. I realize most of Mercury's 570 arc seconds of precession per century is due to effects from the other planets. I have no way of calculating that for S0-2.)

Edit: changed "per year" to "per century" and changed the values. "per year" implies one orbit, but then i realized its one earthly orbit and 4.15 mercurian orbits and now I hate it.

submitted by /u/quantasmm
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How do people know what the Milky Way looks like?

Posted: 04 Mar 2018 04:23 AM PST

Why does neutrinoless double beta decay only result in matter production?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 02:12 PM PST

I was reading about attempts to detect neutrinoless double beta decay. The basic idea is that if neutrinos are their own antiparticles, then in the rare instance that a double beta decay occurs, the two antineutrinos can annihilate each other leaving only the two e- behind. This is a possible explanation or pathway to why there is matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe.

But why would this process not equally occur with double beta-plus decay? Is there a physical mechanism meaning it only happens in double beta-minus decay? Or is double beta-minus decay simply hypothesised to be more common (or less rare) than double beta-plus decay?

submitted by /u/nottherealslash
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How do scientists know that a rock is a meteorite?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 04:22 PM PST

I was reading an article that mentioned the first meteorite found from mercury and wanted to know how they figure out that it's not from earth at all but from a different source?

submitted by /u/lordflores
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Why does the windchill make it feel colder outside even though the real temperature is still the same?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 10:57 PM PST

Forgive me if this is a simple answer and I'm not realize it, but it has been excessively windier than usual (30-40mph) in the northeast and made me wonder why it feels colder outside when the wind is blowing even though the temperature warmer than it really feels?

submitted by /u/flopzy
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How physicists proves that quantum superposition is real?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 10:33 PM PST

Saturday, March 3, 2018

Is it possible to have 2 planets orbiting a sun in the goldilock zone?

Is it possible to have 2 planets orbiting a sun in the goldilock zone?


Is it possible to have 2 planets orbiting a sun in the goldilock zone?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 03:17 PM PST

Sorry if there is any grammar issues.

submitted by /u/Pehmizz
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Why and how can flashing lights trigger epilepsy seisures? What happens in the brain?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 05:23 AM PST

If heavier elements 'sink' towards the core of a star, why does fusion still occur there?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 04:05 AM PST

Wouldn't the Hydrogen and Helium primarily used for fusion be in the outer layers, with the inner layers being mostly unfusionable elements?

submitted by /u/KSoThisOneTime
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How much heat would be retained from the change in albedo if the arctic sea ice was lost, compared to what is retained from the enhanced greenhouse effect?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 04:08 AM PST

How powerful is ice-albedo feedback?

Does this tip us into a warmer world even if we bring CO₂ concentrations back to 350ppm(v)?

Or is the warming from the total loss of the northern summer sea ice relatively small compared to direct (meaning before feedbacks) anthropogenic greenhouse warming?

submitted by /u/ActuallyNot
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Why do scientists specifically look for water and oxygen rich planets when finding extraterrestrial life?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 07:04 AM PST

Wouldn't microorganisms be able to evolve to use the resources available on the planet? For instance, a carbon rich planet could potentially have life forms that uses the carbon as their "oxygen".

submitted by /u/fafaqweqwe
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Why does breath start to smell bad when people are hungry?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 10:11 AM PST

Is it because the oral bacterial waste is building up or does it have something to do with the emptiness of the stomach? Why does eating make the bad smell go away?

submitted by /u/chocolatem00se
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How do reflex sights have a reticle that focus on the target without taking into account the distance to the target?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 05:14 AM PST

Let's say that my field of view through the sight is about average. Now if I focus through my reflex sight with a 0.00000005 degree parallax angle to the axis of the barrel - then it may be possible for the target to be so far that it does not even come into my field of view - but the reticle will appear in the FOV nonetheless. Where the reticle exactly is should depend on the z-axis to the target, shouldn't it?

submitted by /u/JohnStuartMiller
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Could we start using older antibiotics again?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 10:17 PM PST

The way some resistance works is by actively producing proteins, that's a disadvantage if the antibiotics aren't used.

Will the mutation die out eventually, and how many antibiotics could this happen to?

submitted by /u/Spartan-417
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Does the vast quantity of salt spread onto roads to prevent freezing have a negative effect on the local environment?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 09:17 AM PST

Currently experiencing an unusually intense cold snap in the UK and local gritters are out spreading in force. But when the ice melts and the salt dissolves, won't this leave a lot of salt water flowing into the ground etc?

submitted by /u/Hyfrith
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Are there any materials that are plasma at room temperature?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 02:39 PM PST

If different materials, can have different melting or boiling points, that's should apply to plasma too, right?

submitted by /u/SevenBall
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Why doesn't ethanol from alcohol drunk react with the triglycerides in our blood?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 05:53 PM PST

My understanding of biodiesel production is that triglycerides in vegetable oils or animal fats undergo transesterification when methanol or ethanol is added. If that's the case, then why doesn't ethanol from the alcohol that humans drink react in our bloodstream to form biodiesel?

Is there simply not enough material? Or is it occurring on such a small scale that it is negligible? Or is my understanding just wrong?

submitted by /u/Goose1357
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Asteroids with caves in them is practically a staple of science fiction. Do asteroids actually have caves in/through them? What are the mechanisms that cause them to form if so?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 04:41 PM PST

Why aren’t galaxies spherical?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 02:11 PM PST

I was following with much interest the news about S2 and its potential to provide more evidence (or potentially disprove) Einstein's Theory of General Relativity, and I got onto a tangent and ended up wondering, if every galaxy has a black hole in the middle, why do most galaxies (at least the conceptual images of galaxies) look like discs and not like spheres? A followup question would be why don't any of the planets follow an orbit pattern perpendicular to the rest of the "normal" orbits. This is my first post, so sorry for any violated rules!

submitted by /u/SwaggerTea
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Why don’t we just invent a telescope that can see other stars more clearly??

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 07:05 AM PST

If painkillers like ibuprofen lower inflammation in the body, doesn't that mean it weakens the body's immune response?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 05:49 PM PST

Something I've occasionally wondered about but I can't find clear information about. Wouldn't it be a bad thing to take ibuprofen or paracetamol for a throat ache or other discomforts like fever which you know are probably caused by, for example, a viral infection such as flu, as inflammation is how the body clears a virus? Or is there a lot more to it than this?

submitted by /u/LeVictoire
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Do certain languages have unique speech impediments?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 10:55 AM PST

There are certain ones, like stuttering, that seem universal. Are there any that only apply to one language or a select group of languages?

submitted by /u/RickStevensAndTheCat
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Is it possible there is another planet in the same orbit as us locked behind the sun always?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 12:42 AM PST

Would we be able to tell it existed? I'm imaging we find out there's always been another populated earth behind the sun.

submitted by /u/dantheman252
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How does a calculator calculate a number with a fraction exponent? For example, 25^(3/2)

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 12:37 PM PST

what is reflection on a microscopic level?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 02:19 PM PST

can someone familiar with quantum optics explain to me what happens when a photon hits a surface an bounces back? what causes the photon to bounce back? why does it bounce off that surface at the same angle as it hits the surface?

submitted by /u/PopularPlanet
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Does reading before bed affect mood the following day based on the themes explored?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 08:41 AM PST

I've recently started reading a chapter or two of a book every night before bed. However, I'm worried about the effects of the subject matter on my mood the following day. I've heard that the brain retains information that it receives right before sleep so I'm curious if reading something sad will cause me to be less happy in the morning.

The same goes for reading news articles or watching videos before sleep. Will the subject matter and/or themes cause a change in my emotional state?

submitted by /u/etzali18
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How do we know how a reaction takes place?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 07:37 PM PST

http://nsb.wdfiles.com/local--files/c-9-5-5-1/Screen%20Shot%202011-10-09%20at%2011.29.23%20PM.png

Why does the right side carbon of the fat molecule attach to OH instead of the Na?

In this reaction, how do we know the above is true, instead of the following image? https://imgur.com/a/aMidY

In the second image, I just took the sodium from NaOH and attached it the the right side carbon group of the fat molecule. Then the OH is attached to the O in the fat molecule.

The octect rule is still satisfied. How do we know which reaction is supposed to take place if both images satisfy the rules? How do we come up with an explanation as to why one reaction occurs and the other doesn't?

submitted by /u/yosimba2000
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