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Tuesday, December 5, 2017

When a person gets a cut, is it better to wipe off the blood or let the blood coagulate to protect the cut?

When a person gets a cut, is it better to wipe off the blood or let the blood coagulate to protect the cut?


When a person gets a cut, is it better to wipe off the blood or let the blood coagulate to protect the cut?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 06:12 PM PST

EDIT: 1.7K upvotes in 5 hours?! You guys have made my high school. Also thank you for all of your amazing responses, I didn't expect this level of depth!

EDIT 2: Just woke up and saw this post front paged with 10k upvotes in 10 hours!! You guys have made my childhood. Great discussion!

submitted by /u/coosdude
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If swelling is part of the healing process, why do we generally try to stop/reduce it?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 04:25 PM PST

[Mathematics] How can I store multiple integers as a single value?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 08:46 AM PST

So I'm a programmer and I had a thought.

There are functions I can use to store a value between program states, but I can't store a list of values.

If I have 2, 8 and 15 and I want to carry them between states, I'd have to store 3 values, but is there a way to use a calculation that I could reverse that would produce a single number, so I could get the values back after?

I could store 2, 5 and 7 as 257 and have the program decipher it to return 2, 5 and 7 but that only works for single digit integers, and long lists would produce a number too large.

The use of primes comes to mind but im unsure how, or if it's possible. Ideas?

submitted by /u/ProfessorTenebrae
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How can migranes hurt if you have no pain receptors in your Brain?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 04:41 AM PST

I have heard from several sources, including my Biology Teacher, that the brain lacks pain receptors, even going so far that you could perform brain surgery on a patient without anesthetics.

I have also read on Wikipedia, that often, migrane is caused by an arthery in your brain expanding to a certain degree (which seems reasonable, as migrane often feels like pulsating pressure in the brain to me). But how can you feel that pulsating pain, if the brain itself is inept of feeling direct pain? (Please note that I have very little knowledge of medicine, but am but a humble fool who often has migranes.)

submitted by /u/Godphila
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Why do we have 2 of some organs but only 1 of others?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 03:15 PM PST

Are there any genes found in dogs that aren't found in wolves?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 07:15 PM PST

I am curious as to whether there are genes in dogs that aren't found in wolves. I know E. coli developed a new citrate-metabolizing gene after about 33,000 generations, and there have probably been about half that many doggy generations since they were domesticated ~14,000 years ago (my numbers may be off). I also know that short-legged breeds have a gene analogous to achondroplasia, but I don't know if that's found in wolves or if it's from a mutation or what. So, are there any genes found in genetic screening of dogs that aren't found in wolf genomes?

submitted by /u/iorgfeflkd
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How do sprays like Febreze actually work?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 04:33 AM PST

Do the kinds of collisions created in supercolliders ever occur naturally?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 06:01 AM PST

How can a device such as a phone 'resist' being charged if it plugged in and connected to power?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 03:12 AM PST

In regards to an incompatible cable or a power source with not enough volts - if is connected to power, how can a device 'decide' not to charge? Is the electricity grounded somehow?

submitted by /u/Philosofred
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How are molecular sieves manufactured?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 12:07 AM PST

You know, those little balls you toss in whatever you want to dry 'cause they have ~3 Angstrom holes to absorb small molecules like water.

How the hell do you make them at an industrial scale?

submitted by /u/Garuda1Talisman
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Does a USB-C - USB-C charger extension cord slow down the charge?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 07:20 AM PST

DEVICE -> EXTENSION -> charger -> wall hub -> wall outlet.

Will this make it a slower charge than the normal

DEVICE -> charger -> wall hub -> wall outlet?

If so, why? Does the length cause it to draw slower or less power?

For the sake of purpose, I'm referring to USB-C TO USB-C only as I read USB-A it does effect the charge.

submitted by /u/Revaknight
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How do particle accelerators sync with the particles?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 03:11 AM PST

When a particle accelerator like CERN is accelerating a particle how do they time the RF Cavities with the particle?

Should I change this to the engineering category?

submitted by /u/Inverted_Cube
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If I setup a funnel to catch the wind, would it speed up the wind's speed? If so, to what degree and what is the maximum of this?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 06:49 AM PST

I saw an intensely green meteor shoot across the sky. Why was it green, and how common are they?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 06:49 AM PST

Additionally it had a very flat trajectory and flew slightly slower and farther than most other meteors I've seen. Color reminiscent of bioluminescent plankton, or the green hues of an aurora.

First time I've ever seen one, it was very beautiful.

Thank you!

submitted by /u/pokehercuntass
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How do Lithium Air batteries work?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 06:41 AM PST

What is the science behind emotions? Is there a scientific explanation for them?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 08:13 AM PST

Seeing that we only feel them and can't physically touch them, I'm wondering if there can be a science behind it all.

submitted by /u/livelife358
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the Lagrangeformalism is based on the principle of extremal action,are there any areas in Physics where you use it to find the maximum action instead of the lowest?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 06:02 AM PST

Why does the SpaceX Dragon V2's Trunk have winglets on it?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 05:54 AM PST

I noticed that there are small solar panels on the winglet, but in space, where there aren't too aerodynamic forces on the vehicle, why does the Dragon V2 have small winglets/stabilizers? Is it for stabilization because the vehicle doesn't have fairings on liftoff?

submitted by /u/0x4f0x770x610x690x73
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Does electron/positron annihilation leave the first atom charged?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 02:07 AM PST

For example, an atom (A) undergoes beta plus decay, the emitted positron annhilates with an electron from atom (B). If atom B had a charge of 0 before, would it now be +1?

submitted by /u/tyanater
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Keep hearing that we are running out of lithium, so how close are we to combining protons and electrons to form elements from the periodic table?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 06:40 AM PST

Why is pyrite not an economically viable metal ore, but other sulfides are?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 03:01 PM PST

I understand the basics of why pyrite isn't used as ore - it's difficult (and therefore expensive) to extract, and even when done correctly the result is still poor quality iron contaminated with sulfur. But why is this the case with pyrite, but not so with other sulfide ores like chalcopyrite and galena? Do they also have the same problem, it's just that we rely on iron for its mechanical strength far more than metals like copper, and therefore it's "acceptable" for a bit of sulfur contamination?

What's the specific nature of the bond between iron and sulfide that makes the sulfur so "sticky" compared to the more economical iron ores, hematite and magnetite, which are oxides?

submitted by /u/Owncksd
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What happens if an Astronaut gets hit by flying debris on a spacewalk?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 07:32 PM PST

Can Tritium beta expose photographic film?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 01:28 PM PST

Is the tritium beta particle capable of "exposing" photographic film? I know that many radioactive materials, placed in contact with photographic film can, over time, generate an "image" which can be developed, but is the beta particle from tritium capable of doing this or is it too low energy? How much energy is needed to expose photographic film?

submitted by /u/hagiograph
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What's the difference between dipole and coaxial?

Posted: 05 Dec 2017 04:20 AM PST

Monday, December 4, 2017

AskScience AMA Series: We are working to build precise atomic clocks that could fit inside your smartphone. Ask Us Anything!

AskScience AMA Series: We are working to build precise atomic clocks that could fit inside your smartphone. Ask Us Anything!


AskScience AMA Series: We are working to build precise atomic clocks that could fit inside your smartphone. Ask Us Anything!

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 05:00 AM PST

Atomic clocks are among the most precise scientific instruments ever made, and play an important role in advanced navigation, secure communication, and radar technology. Kyriakos Porfyrakis and Edward Laird of the University of Oxford are working on building a hyperprecise atomic clock that could fit on a chip inside a smartphone.

They begin with a nitrogen atom, which resonates at a particular frequency and acts as a very precise reference point by which to track time. Since nitrogen is highly reactive, they have to trap the nitrogen atom inside of an endohedral fullerene-a sort of atomic cage made out of 60 carbon atoms-in their lab. To do it, they used a process called ion implantation. This process produces a molecule called N@C_60 that can easily be collected and stored (they even sell it for £200 million per gram).

But before they could put the molecule in a clock, they also had to figure out how to cancel out magnetic fields from the surrounding environment that could disrupt the energy level of the nitrogen atom within. Earlier this year, they developed a way to shield the nitrogen atom from external magnetic fields by applying a steady magnetic field that would cancel out any effects.

They recently wrote about their work for IEEE Spectrum (https://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/materials/to-build-the-worlds-smallest-atomic-clock-trap-a-nitrogen-atom-in-a-carbon-cage).

They'll be here starting 12 PM ET (17 UT). You can ask them about GPS, atomic clocks, nanomaterials, or anything else!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Which is stronger: the windows on planes, or the lowest windows on a cruise ship?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 12:23 AM PST

Sometimes windows on cruise ships are low enough that they can have waves crashing into them (or even be underwater? maybe?). I would think it's a matter of pressure but I don't know that much about physics. I would also think the cruise ship ones have to be stronger because a tiny leak of water sounds worse than a tiny leak of air. Either way just something I was wondering.

submitted by /u/turcois
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[Chemistry] What exactly happens in the brain when someone "Blacks out" from alcohol?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 07:22 PM PST

I am guessing that some kind of block happens so nothing can reach long term memory, but I am not sure why a lot of alcohol causes this. I am wondering what happens on a chemical level as to why when someone consumes a lot of alcohol they "Black out" and cannot remember anything the next day.

submitted by /u/Spaghettijack
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Why are (some/most) humans instinctively afraid of the dark and feel safe in the light, when through a survival viewpoint it should be the other way around?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 06:50 PM PST

This is kinda psychology/biology maybe? Sorry if it's tagged wrong.

If darkness enables an animal to hide from others, wouldn't we feel better in the dark rather than in the light because we're more exposed in the light?

Does it have something to do with the fact we aren't accustomed to seeing in the dark and some other creatures are?

submitted by /u/Jay_Jay591
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If I forget something in my short-term memory, will it ever come back to me in my long-term memory or is it gone forever?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 06:43 PM PST

For example, if I meet a guy who tells me he lives in x city, but a few days later I can't remember what city he lives in, will that information ever come back to me without me actively trying to recall it?

submitted by /u/kapocean
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What causes "butterflies", as in the feeling in your stomach when you're nervous?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 10:27 AM PST

If temperature depends on the speed of moving molecules, is the absolute hottest temperature when molecules move at the speed of light?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 03:20 PM PST

Is there a language that dogs understand better then any other?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 12:00 PM PST

Can someone please explain how electricity works?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 08:28 PM PST

This has always been in my mind but I just never seemed to ask anyone or google the answer. I've always wondered how a flashlight turns on just from a switch or how a tv lights up when you press a button. I know it has to do with something dealing with electrons getting excited or something like that but I never understood the big picture.

submitted by /u/Roynoceros
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How are jet engines able to pump compressed air and fuel into an extremely high pressure compression chamber without back flow?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 12:03 AM PST

I know the presence of turbines but since they take energy from the very exhaust from the combustion chamber, they shouldn't be able to compress air to a higher internal energy/pressure than their very own energy source - the combustion chamber. I believe the same question could be asked of liquid fuel rockets' plumbing.

EDIT: By compression chamber I meant Combustion chamber

submitted by /u/WhyUFuckinLyin
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Is there any difference between "light guide" used in LED backlight and a piece of acrylic with a surface that is roughed up?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 02:12 AM PST

What makes spinal cord tissue different than other tissue than can repair itself when damaged?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 10:16 PM PST

In String theory, do existing Standard Model elementary particles map 1-to-1 with strings (with only their shape and mode of vibration differing), or does String theory propose some existing elementary particles to be composed of more than one string?

Posted: 04 Dec 2017 01:19 AM PST

If glass reflects UV light, then why are we unable to safely look at the sun through glass?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 07:19 PM PST

Why do Atoms in the Stern-Gerlach experiment always scatter into two bands?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 10:43 PM PST

My understanding of the experiment is that each band is created by one of the possible values for an atoms magnetic dipole moment. I also thought that magnetic dipole moment was based on both the spin and the angular momentum quantum numbers, meaning that there should be always an even number of bands (as opposed to the odd number of bands predicted prior to the knowledge of the existence of spin). Is there something about space quantization or spin that I'm not getting?

submitted by /u/JackofAllTrades30009
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Do microorganisms also require sleeping?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 07:11 AM PST

How round IS the sun?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 08:44 PM PST

More or less round than the earth? A billiard ball? The official kilogram in France? And how do we know?

submitted by /u/guest210751
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Can a star just fizzle out?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 08:21 PM PST

As I understand, a star will either go supernova or turn into a black hole. But is it possible for a star to just cool off? Turn into a lump of heavy elements all fused together? If so could a fusion reactor do the same thing ( fuse a bunch of atoms together and get a macro clump of fused hydrogen or something)?

submitted by /u/twelfthtestament
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How do organisms that live at low altitudes differ from organisms that live at high altitudes from an evolutionary standpoint?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 10:32 AM PST

Sunday, December 3, 2017

Keep hearing that we are running out of lithium, so how close are we to combining protons and electrons to form elements from the periodic table?

Keep hearing that we are running out of lithium, so how close are we to combining protons and electrons to form elements from the periodic table?


Keep hearing that we are running out of lithium, so how close are we to combining protons and electrons to form elements from the periodic table?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 06:40 AM PST

If temperature is a metric for the average kinetic energy of particles, is there also a metric for the standard deviation of the kinetic energy of particles?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 07:02 AM PST

What factors determine this standard deviation?

submitted by /u/bastilam
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Could Carbon-group elements like Silicon and Tin form complex chains just like Carbon? (i.e. Hydrocarbons)

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 12:25 AM PST

I know about how Carbon can form long chains with other Carbons and Hydrogen to form Hydrocarbons.
Can other carbon group elements do this as well?
Can Silicon, for example, form long chains in a similar fashion to Carbon?

submitted by /u/Sparky_42
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When examining one mole samples of different gases under conditions of constant pressure, volume and temperature, do the particles in denser gases tend to slow down in their movement?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 04:43 AM PST

From Halliday & Resnick: "Amedeo Avogadro...suggested that all gases occupying the same volume under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of atoms or molecules."

So am I correct in thinking that, on average, the velocity of particles must drop as the mass increases in order to preserve constant kinetic energy (i.e temperature). And then the slower particles will tend to collide less frequently with the container, thus maintaining pressure? Will denser gases tend to have more internal collisions (that is, less particles will then make it through the mass to collide with the containter)?

I'm trying to clarify my understanding of kinetic theory here in relation to the above statement and the ideal gas law.

submitted by /u/what-tomorrow-knows
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Why exactly do refracting lens magnify electromagnetic radiation?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 07:00 AM PST

Does the drinking of acid fluids (such as coke) affect how much energy I can absorb from food?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 03:41 AM PST

In other words, can acids break things into pieces that our body can't make use of anymore? For example, if I ate a burger while drinking coke, do I get less energy out of the burger compared to when I don't have a coke with it?

submitted by /u/Aryionas
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Why do we assume the core of a black hole has a singularity in it?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 11:55 PM PST

Why do we assume the core of a black hole has a singularity in it? How does it make sense that something can be infinitely dense, i.e. have 0 volume? I could understand it if a black hole was an object of finite but extreme density—then its escape velocity would still be stronger than the speed of light, but the laws of physics would still make sense at the core because space would not have infinite curvature there. But why do people say black holes have INFINITE density?

submitted by /u/SomeTrashPerson
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Do extremely loud sounds (150 decibels) at frequencies beyond human hearing (21kHz or 10Hz) still cause hearing damage or loss?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 12:25 PM PST

Is Voyager on an escape trajectory out of the Suns soi or is it just on an extremely elliptical orbit?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 11:55 PM PST

Approximately how much power is lost when using a wireless charger compared to a normal wired one? And what factors contribute the most to this loss?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 09:35 AM PST

What makes the silkie chicken black?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 07:21 AM PST

The chicken is black from the skin, to the meat, and even the bones. Only the fur-like feathers are white.

Does anyone know what pigment it is? And what evolutionary advantage does it confer to the chicken?

submitted by /u/lynnleongsy8
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What’s the difference between closing a program and “force quitting” a program?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 06:40 AM PST

To expand, is there a major coding difference, or can all programs just "force quit" themselves?

submitted by /u/lord_guppy
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What stops insects like spiders, mosquitoes, and flies from completely dying out during the winter in the wild?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 01:36 PM PST

When they are exposed to cold, snow and freezing temperatures over a long period of time, what allows them to come back in the spring? I assumed that if they left eggs behind, they would freeze and die/be unviable during the winter months.

submitted by /u/Kattsu-Don
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Is Voyager travelling fast enough that we have to compensate for the Doppler effect when communicating?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 05:18 PM PST

How fast is Voyager travelling? Are we receiving at enough of a Doppler shift that we have to rebuild the communication systems? Since we can't do that on Voyager, are we having to transmit at a higher carrier frequency/higher bit rate such that when it reaches voyager, it is incoming at the frequency Voyager was built for? Or was this designed into the probe when it was built?

Lots of questions, I know, but I feel like there are many more just with this topic.

submitted by /u/packocrayons
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How do you measure air pollution?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 02:21 PM PST

How do carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases absorb radiation?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 06:12 PM PST

I understand that the molecules begin to vibrate more after absorbing thermal radiation, but what process actually causes this vibration and how is it absorbed beyond just saying they absorb differing wavelengths?

submitted by /u/getalihfe
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How and why is DNA formed/made?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 08:20 PM PST

How do spacecraft gain speed by flying past massive objects (like planets etc.)?

Posted: 03 Dec 2017 12:44 AM PST

From what I understand, as you near a planet, your gravitational potential is converted into kinetic energy resulting in a speed boost but as you pass the planet that extra speed will be used to escape the planets gravity, converting that additional Ek back into Ep.

Ive heard voyager 1&2 used planet flybys to speed up, I really have no idea how this works

submitted by /u/apollo420k
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How quickly is battery research progressing?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 09:18 PM PST

Is there a graph like this one showing solar cell efficiency progress for batteries? I keep hearing about various new battery techniques, but it's hard to see the overall picture. How good are the different battery technologies, and how quickly is each type progressing?

submitted by /u/amaurea
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Would it be possible to design a food that eliminated pooping?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 07:49 PM PST

Question comes from my son. He learned at school this week that our poop is waste/undigested matter. So he wanted to know if it would be possible to design a nutrition source that, if fed to a person in measured amounts, would eliminate the need to poop.

submitted by /u/wraab
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Why do some LEDs remain on for seconds after they've been switched off?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 12:41 PM PST

Why would centrifugal force exist in a universe with nothing in it?

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 11:36 PM PST

For example we are in a universe that is nothing more than an empty vacuum. If we begin spinning and stretch out our arms, it seems logical that we would feel outward centrifugal force.

However what is causing this centrifugal force? What is it with respect to? If there is nothing at all that exists besides us, why would we even experience it? Is there some sort of information exchange between our frame and the outside world that modulates whether centrifugal force exists or not?

Also is it possible we could measure astronomically small centrifugal force to get information about whether our universe is rotating or where its center is, and other similar information?

submitted by /u/_Mr-Skeltal_
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In Stoke's Law (F = 6πηrv) where does the "6" come from? In simple terms.

Posted: 02 Dec 2017 06:40 PM PST

I understand the other terms are to do with viscosity and a sphere, but I can't find any explanation of where "6" comes from. Is it just because a sphere is used? Or is there some complex mathematics behind it?

submitted by /u/ten_mile_river
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