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Saturday, November 18, 2017

Do caterpillars need to become butterflies? Could one go it's entire life as a caterpillar without changing?

Do caterpillars need to become butterflies? Could one go it's entire life as a caterpillar without changing?


Do caterpillars need to become butterflies? Could one go it's entire life as a caterpillar without changing?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 03:51 PM PST

Why do we get itches?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 06:18 PM PST

If our body temperatura is 36ºC shouldn’t we only be hot above it?

Posted: 18 Nov 2017 04:38 AM PST

Which one produces more energy with same input: one turbine or two turbines?

Posted: 18 Nov 2017 06:53 AM PST

For example, in steam turbines with the same amount of boiling water at the same temperature. Which would produce more energy - one or two turbines? Assuming cost is not a factor.

submitted by /u/warandbuffett
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How does it smell on the space station?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 07:55 PM PST

So I was wondering how it smells inside of the international space station. It looks like it wouldn't smell too bad, but it's a tube with no fresh air and a bunch of people, so I think it would smell awful in there. I am no man of science, so please forgive any sort of assumptions I made.

submitted by /u/battletoads97
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Why is nuclear power in France have a 40% share of energy consumption yet a 76.3% share of energy production?

Posted: 18 Nov 2017 03:26 AM PST

Is there any part of our body that doesn't contain our own DNA?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 07:54 PM PST

How to calculate evaporation time of water?

Posted: 18 Nov 2017 04:24 AM PST

Good Day! Is there a way of calculating the evaporation time of water? I have the area (A) of a container the height (h) of the water volume of the water (V) air humidity (x) the temperature (T). A= (pi*0.08252)m2 h= 0.065 m V= 1 L x = 45 % T = 22 degrees C. If you need more data just ask. Thank you in advance.

submitted by /u/tttttttzzzzzzzzzz
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What would happen if you were hit by the Oh-My-God particle?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 08:50 PM PST

What effect would an ultra high energy cosmic ray, on the order of the Oh-My-God particle, have on a human body? Would you notice it? Would it do damage do your DNA or other tissues? It seems like a particle traveling practically at the speed of light and carrying the energy of a fastball would have some effect.

Ref: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oh-My-God_particle

submitted by /u/elego
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Why does the sound of our own snoring not wake us up when we sleep?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 04:38 PM PST

Say a certain type of tree has a lifespan of 30 years. What exactly causes the tree to die?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 01:41 PM PST

Is there a link between high IQ and success in artistic fields?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 03:52 PM PST

I don't mean to ask if all artists have high IQs, so much as, are especially successful artists more intelligent than average?

submitted by /u/thenextxtxt
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What's the largest power source you could put into microwave oven transformer electromagnet before it would overheat within a couple of minutes?

Posted: 18 Nov 2017 06:34 AM PST

I saw Alan Pan (from the YouTube channel Sufficiently Advanced) put an electromagnet from a microwave oven inside of a replica of Thor's hammer so that no one could lift it unless he switched it off. I'm not sure how long he would be able to keep the magnet on with the batteries he had before it would heat up. If I wanted to make something like that, what kind of power source should I use to avoid overheating but still have significant strength?

submitted by /u/Evibear
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What data is transmitted to an object, such as an electron, that causes it to collapse from a probability function into a concrete observable?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 07:04 PM PST

In the quantum world, an object exist in all states until observed. During the act of observation, something has to tell the object to pick a state. What is that message?

submitted by /u/Siberwulf
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If energy cannot be created or destroyed, why do scientists predict a heat death of the universe in far future?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 04:17 PM PST

At what frequency does my guitar vibrate when I strum multiple strings?

Posted: 18 Nov 2017 04:21 AM PST

I was wondering this.
Since I play guitar, I can feel it slightly vibrate whenever I strum a "low" string. If what I remember is correct, the guitar will vibrate at whatever frequency the string is vibrating at.
So if I strum multiple strings, at what frequency will the guitar be vibrating?
How about on the piano where the low notes are lower?

submitted by /u/Sparky_42
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Why are Gold and Silver relatively unreactive compared to other elements even though they only have one valence electron, like the alkali metals, which are extremely reactive?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 02:41 PM PST

How does the body determine what it is going to be allergic to? And what stage of development does it occur?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 04:06 PM PST

What's the difference between astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 05:15 PM PST

As far as I know, astronomy studies celestial bodies (including their characteristics and behavior), astrophysics studies things like general relativity, and cosmology studies the 'timeline' of the universe. (Sorry for the bad english).

submitted by /u/Aless_o14
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Do creatures that die in deep water brine pools go through mummification/desiccation like those around salty lakes?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 05:14 PM PST

How do subway systems add connectivity underground?

Posted: 18 Nov 2017 12:46 AM PST

I live in Toulouse, France which recently became the first French city to provide connectivity in the underground subways. This wasn't possible a couple weeks ago. Now people can talk on their phones, connect to the internet, text, etc. What had to change for this to become possible?

submitted by /u/atomicalexx
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Can birds of the same species, (for example pigeons in the cities) share the exact same facial geometry(phenotype) unlike humans (distance between eyes, nose shape, forehead curvature etc) regardless of their feather color and spots?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 11:27 PM PST

Each human on earth has unique faces, however some animal species birds like pigeons, baby chicks or fish like sardines, sea bream etc. look like sharing a limited amount of variations in their facial geometries therefore they become distinguishable only because of their colors, patterns and spots. It is also true that human brain is attuned to distinguish differences in human faces more than any other animal. Do such animals all have unique facial geometries?

submitted by /u/bertsteven1
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Friday, November 17, 2017

If every digital thing is a bunch of 1s and 0s, approximately how many 1's or 0's are there for storing a text file of 100 words?

If every digital thing is a bunch of 1s and 0s, approximately how many 1's or 0's are there for storing a text file of 100 words?


If every digital thing is a bunch of 1s and 0s, approximately how many 1's or 0's are there for storing a text file of 100 words?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 04:43 AM PST

I am talking about the whole file, not just character count times the number of digits to represent a character. How many digits are representing a for example ms word file of 100 words and all default fonts and everything in the storage.

Also to see the contrast, approximately how many digits are in a massive video game like gta V?

And if I hand type all these digits into a storage and run it on a computer, would it open the file or start the game?

Okay this is the last one. Is it possible to hand type a program using 1s and 0s? Assuming I am a programming god and have unlimited time.

submitted by /u/Virtioso
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When donating a kidney, how do the rest of your organs react to the extra space?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 05:55 PM PST

if wavelength of light emitted by a heated metal is supposed to keep on going down as temperature goes up then why does a metal never glow purple?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 06:23 AM PST

Also why doe it glow white?

submitted by /u/VNikil
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Wouldn't electric cars be way more efficient if they had multiple gears?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 05:01 AM PST

I could imagine that an electric motor could save some power by simply having it run at slower speeds.

submitted by /u/garritfra
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What stops us from using a generated magnetic field as a radiation shield for the ISS, satellites and future crew missions to the Moon and Mars ?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 03:37 AM PST

So, we know magnetic fields are pretty damn good for protecting stuff from radiation.

We also know that humans tend to turn into a mushy goo when they have too much exposure in either duration or intensity (or both) to radiation.

We also know that we can make some really powerful magnetic fields - enough to contain nuclear fusion. And we also know how to use nuclear fuel to generate high amounts of power.

So what is stopping us from putting it all together and equip spacecraft, especially those carrying crew with a magnetic field radiation shields ?

Obviously, there is a ton of math to do, but I haven't heard anyone ever talking about this even theoretically.

Came up in my head while watching An Year in Space with Scott Kelly - https://www.pbs.org/video/year-space-year-space-full-episode/

submitted by /u/blackbeauty17
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How far away can radio broadcasts travel before becoming unreadable?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 07:15 PM PST

For example, Winston Churchill's "Fight them on the beaches." broadcast. How many lightyears, if any, could that particular radio broadcast travel before it becomes too distorted/weak to be able to be read?

submitted by /u/Iroh_Koza
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What are some physics experiments on the scale of CERN or LIGO that are being built right now?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 03:48 PM PST

Why is it that even when a donated organ is a match, the recipient still has to go on anti rejection drugs? Furthermore, why is it way harder to find a match for a donor organ than it is for donor blood?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 06:03 PM PST

In what ways, if any, are a woman's eggs affected by unhealthy habits prior to pregnancy?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 11:53 AM PST

I've read that a woman is born with all her eggs already stored in her body, contrary to men's sperm being constantly recycled. If a man doing certain drugs can have an effect on the sperm and embryo that sperm conceived, what effects do unhealthy habits (drugs, alcohol, etc.) have on all the eggs already in a woman's body and the embryos they become?

submitted by /u/gilwen0017
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What exactly gets ruined when you put sugar in a gas tank, and why?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 04:06 PM PST

Why doesn't 0.1+0.2=0.3 in java?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 05:50 PM PST

I am new to computer science in general, basically. In my program, I wanted to list some values, and part of my code involved a section of code where kept adding 0.1 to itself and printing the answer to a terminal.

Instead of getting 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 ect. like I expected, I got 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.30000000000000004, 0.4

Suprised, I tried simply adding 0.1 and 0.2 together in the program because I couldn't believe my eyes. 0.30000000000000004

So what gives?

submitted by /u/TheSkybox
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Is there a safe amount of CO2 that can be released without any repercussions?

Posted: 17 Nov 2017 05:04 AM PST

What is a safe amount of CO2 that can released in the atmosphere so it so doesn't contribute to Global Warming?

Edit: is there a calculated value?

submitted by /u/throwaway09007
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If Mars’ atmosphere is primarily Carbon Dioxide, why isn’t it succumbing to the green house effect that we’re trying to avoid on our planet (by limiting CO2)?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 05:35 PM PST

What's happening in your body when you feel nauseous?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 03:58 PM PST

What determines the ideal cruising altitude for an airplane?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 03:00 PM PST

I assume various factors such as the shape, size, weight, thrust, the density of air at various heights, etc. play a role. How do these (and any others I missed) factor into calculating the ideal cruising altitude?

submitted by /u/kpjoshi
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Why does the sun look larger as it sets?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 04:40 PM PST

Do exponents on units in dimensional analysis need to be integer values?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 06:50 PM PST

A compound unit like a Joule has units of kg * m2 * s-2. Are there any sensible/useful units that make use of fractional exponents like something involving s-1/2 ? What, if anything, would that look like or mean?

submitted by /u/HektorViktorious
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Do wild animals get bitten by highly venomous spiders, in any significant amount?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 04:38 PM PST

One hears about people dying from spider bites every so often - how much does this happen to wildlife?
If we found a dead animal in the woods, would it even be possible to tell whether it died due to venom?

submitted by /u/TheGorgonaut
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Why do orbital satalites have launch windows?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 04:35 PM PST

I understand launch windows. For when you are exciting the gravity well, but excluding weather why do orbital satalites need launch windows?

submitted by /u/toastar-phone
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How do we calculate the wavelength of spectral lines for elements other than Hydrogen? Or is this just something we observe and use as a fingerprint?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 10:26 AM PST

Context: I'm a teacher trying to relate neon signs to spectroscopy and the study of distant stars. I have a decent understanding how we can use the Balmer-Rydberg series to calculate values of the emission lines given off by hydrogen, but can we apply this to other elements? What about neon?

submitted by /u/DrStonebear
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Thursday, November 16, 2017

What happens to all the debris that goes in your eye? Does it all accumulate for years behind the eyeball?

What happens to all the debris that goes in your eye? Does it all accumulate for years behind the eyeball?


What happens to all the debris that goes in your eye? Does it all accumulate for years behind the eyeball?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 06:53 PM PST

In particular, what happens with materials that aren't pushed out of the eye or are dissolved with eyeball fluids?!

submitted by /u/pekania
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How much of the heat on the surface of the Earth comes from below instead of the Sun? Since temperatures go up as you dig deeper, how far down would you have to be for most of the heat be from non-solar sources?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 06:13 AM PST

Can alcohol intake during early pregnancy affect the embryo/fetus before the umbilical cord is developed? If so, how?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 07:18 AM PST

I have often heard that alcohol intake during the first few weeks of pregnancy is harmless, due to the embryo getting nutrients not from the mother but from the yolk sac. I've tried to read up, but haven't found anything conclusive. Wikipedia confirms that the umbilical cord is not developed until week five, supporting the "harmless-hypothesis". But other sources claim that the embryo/fetus can indeed be affected by alcohol intake before week five. According to this article written by a researcher at the ASU, "in the third week after fertilization that specific alcohol-induced birth defects begin to affect the developing embryo". The article lists many aspects of how the early development can be affected. I've seen loads of other sources claim the same thing. But how does this work, if the embryo/fetus is not even connected to its mothers bloodstream yet?

submitted by /u/Mewwy_Quizzmas
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[physics] Why doesn't Helium freeze at 0K?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 02:20 PM PST

I know reaching 0k is actually impossible. But from my understanding, all predictions indicate that helium would remain a liquid at 0k

submitted by /u/-Stashu-
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What scientific obstacles do we still need to overcome to make space elevators a reality?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 06:13 AM PST

Follow-up questions:

  • Is there a reasonable likelihood of overcoming these obstacles or are we talking cold fusion levels of skepticism?
  • If we could overcome these obstacles, would it be financially viable compared to what we use right now? If not, is there a particular niche where it would be financially viable?
submitted by /u/tonygoold
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How do force carrier particles explain attraction between particles?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 03:49 AM PST

I know for example that protons and electrons communicate with each other through the electromagnetic force, but I can't seem to grasp how this results in attraction. The repelling between the same charges I can somehow see (with the photons 'pushing' the particles in opposite direction), but this is probably dangerous classical thinking in a quantum world?

Same with gravity by the way. How does the moon, for example, provide the communication with the earth that it has moved, creating tides?

submitted by /u/dreakie92
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Is there a limit to how often a particle can quantum tunnel?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 05:44 AM PST

Lets take an electron and a small transistor for an example. It is said that if a transistor is too small, an electron can quantum tunnel through it.

I was wondering, if an electron tunnels to one side, is it possible for it to tunnel back quickly? If so, does physics give any hard limits to how quick this back and forth action can be? Does it matter if instead of having an electron jumping the same transistor twise, the electron instead jumps two nearby transistors in a row?

submitted by /u/empire314
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Why does a radio play static or white noise when there is no signal rather than silence?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 05:05 PM PST

I was listening to the radio and drove through a tunnel this evening and my radio played the familiar static / white noise through my speakers and I wondered why this happens rather than just going silent.

submitted by /u/trickytricker
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As phone battery life decreases, why don’t they recharge faster?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 06:10 PM PST

What is an electriic double layer capacitor and how are they different from a standard capacitor?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 05:17 PM PST

Is there an extension of the difference operation to more than two values?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 05:00 PM PST

The difference between, e.g., 3 and 5 is 2. Is there a reasonable extension of this idea (that keeps some of the same properties) to more than two numbers?

submitted by /u/lukophos
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I've heard you can use resonance to destroy large buildings or bridges. And I've seen the videos of Galloping Gertie. But have we ever actually used resonance On Purpose to destroy a large structure? If so, what was the mechanism used and do you have video?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 09:36 PM PST

'Engineering'

submitted by /u/TheFiredrake42
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Why are rainbows circular?

Posted: 16 Nov 2017 06:14 AM PST

Is there any simple explanation on why rainbows are circular? I have read something about angles but didn't quite understand because of some fancy words. Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/oskaraslt
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Why is Lithium present in most of the strongest bases ?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 03:04 PM PST

It seems like lithium is omnipresent in every strong bases such as tBuLi n-BuLi LDA etc.. I suspect it has something to do with its size as it is one of the smallest atom.

Bonus question : Why is tBuLi more basic than n-Buli ? Does it come from the fact that the resulting carbanion is more stabilized from inductive effects ?

submitted by /u/iliketrains78
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If a particle is a wave, how does a wave itself remain stable and not diminish. Or does it?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 09:53 PM PST

Is it possible to un-cook food?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 02:27 PM PST

How are fish living in the Mariana Trench able to withstand such immense pressure?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 05:27 PM PST

How much do catalytic converters help the environment if used on old cars?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 01:33 PM PST

As a lover of old cars and someone who is now concerned about the environment, how much would adding a catalytic converter help reduce bad exhaust gasses? I know what they do and how I just don't know if I should really be concerned about putting one on my car that isn't under regulatory scrutiny. Also are there any other ways I can keep emissions down while still enjoying doing what I love (driving)? And help is much appreciated!

submitted by /u/108091000
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How can electrons can travel faster than the local speed of light in Cherenkov radiation?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 12:36 PM PST

While electrodynamics holds that the speed of light in a vacuum is a universal constant (c), the speed at which light propagates in a material may be significantly less than c. For example, the speed of the propagation of light in water is only 0.75c. Matter can be accelerated beyond this speed (although still to less than c) during nuclear reactions and in particle accelerators. Cherenkov radiation results when a charged particle, most commonly an electron, travels through a dielectric (electrically polarizable) medium with a speed greater than that at which light propagates in the same medium.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation

OK so I understand that C is a constant and that light doesn't always travel at that speed, and only does so in a vacuum.

But, I don't understand how these electrons can travel faster than the local speed of light (in that medium)? One analogy I can think of is that a cheetah (light) is faster than a shark (electron) on land (vacuum), but in water (medium in Cherenkov radiation) the shark would be faster, but still not as fast as the cheetah is on land. This is because the shark is better suited for water.

Is this analogy accurate? So does this mean these electrons in Cherenkov radiation are for some reason better suited in this medium than light is? If so, why? Or is there another explanation? I don't understand how an electron can be better suited since photons of light seem to have everything going for them including size and mass. Can the light be made to still go faster than the electrons in this medium if someone wanted to?

Thanks.

submitted by /u/ArosHD
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If neutrons are slightly more massive than protons, how can a proton emit a Beta+ particle/positron (a particle that has mass) and become a neutron but a neutron can also emit a beta- particle and become a proton?

Posted: 15 Nov 2017 01:06 PM PST

I would have put a nuclear chem flair but I suppose this is more in the realm of physics.

submitted by /u/mecnerino
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