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Friday, July 21, 2017

Do carbonated drinks lose their fizz faster or slower depending on the altitude?

Do carbonated drinks lose their fizz faster or slower depending on the altitude?


Do carbonated drinks lose their fizz faster or slower depending on the altitude?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 07:37 AM PDT

I just had a big move down to sea level from a much higher elevation, and I feel like my soda all goes flat much faster here, so I was wondering if black magic air pressure could be affecting it?

Edit: People have guessed that it is also much hotter here in China than where I lived before (Northern USA). So even though the lower altitude should be preserving my fizz, the heat is kicking its butt.

submitted by /u/middleupperdog
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What would happen if I started to rotate a 100,000km rod at 1 round per second?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 11:31 PM PDT

Made out of the strongest lightest material possible. https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=100000km+radius+circle The perimeter is larger than the speed of light per second.

submitted by /u/daniel_eff
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Why do some allergies only affect certain parts of the body?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 11:05 PM PDT

Many allergies seem to only affect the respiratory system or the digestive tract. Why can the same allergen be rubbed on skin in some cases and no reaction occurs, or post stomach not cause reactions throughout the rest of the digestive systems?

I am assuming there is no reaction after leaving the stomach due to the acid denaturing the protein responsible, but why is this the case for other parts of the skin/body?

submitted by /u/bad_omens1
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If opposite charges attract, why do electrons orbit the atomic nucleus instead of collapsing in on it?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 07:26 AM PDT

Are atoms perfectly spherical?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 11:05 PM PDT

I was thinking about how atoms are depicted as spheres, and were wondering how perfect they are? Thanks

submitted by /u/jimmy7979
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The sun is roughly 400x bigger than the moon but also 400x further away from earth, making them look exactly the same size. Is that rare in a solar system?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 01:35 PM PDT

Are there seasons on the moon or on the other planets in our solar system?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 05:38 PM PDT

Is there autumn/winter/summer on the moon?

How about on different planets?

submitted by /u/TheAwesomeButler
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How do you explain the photoelectric effect as a result of the wave function?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 08:25 PM PDT

So in class, I've only been taught the photoelectric effect as a result of the particle nature of light. However, is there a way to describe it using QM tools like the wavefunction?

submitted by /u/yelron
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Was shell-shock in WWI caused by the percussive blasts themselves or was it a more psychological effect?

Posted: 21 Jul 2017 12:02 AM PDT

Many primary sources list severe physical trauma that troops had from heavy shelling even miles away from the line. Any biological break down helps. Thanks.

submitted by /u/Skynetiskumming
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What happens to the bones of animals that snakes eat?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 02:43 PM PDT

If there's no ultimate frame of reference, how do we know the Universe's age?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 12:28 PM PDT

Could some other civilization in a different galaxy measure CMBR and derive an age other than 13.7 billion years?

submitted by /u/Negative-One-Twelfth
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What exactly is happening when we sweat?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 03:55 PM PDT

How can we measure the mass of a proton in terms of AU, which are defined mostly by the mass of a proton?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 02:17 PM PDT

A team of researchers in Mainz, Germany just measured the mass of a proton to a record new precision as 1.007276466583 AU. I was under the impression that 1 AU ≡ mass of one proton. How can you measure the mass of a proton in terms of itself and have that number not be 1?

Furthermore, if AU is separate from the mass of a proton, then what is it? And how can we know what it is with more precision than they got for the mass of a proton? If we only knew what an AU was up to 60 decimal places for example, then wouldn't we only be able to know what a proton is to 60 decimal places just by how error works?

submitted by /u/EhC_DC
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Based on the theory of inflation, what is a rough estimate of the size of the entire universe, not just observable?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 11:59 AM PDT

Seeing as like speed is finite we arent able to see beyong 43 billion light years away. But if we know generally how fast the universe is expanding, is there a rough estimate to how far it extends to where we cant see?

submitted by /u/T00LBOX
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Does the cosmic expansion of the universe change the universe's "flatness"?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 06:08 PM PDT

Minute Physics released a video that explained that the amount of matter in the universe affects its shape (less matter makes space negatively curved and more matter makes it positively curved). Given that the universe is expanding, but new matter isn't popping into existence, does that mean that the universe will eventually become extremely curved?

Follow up question: if it becomes more curved, does that mean that inevitably, space will eventually become so curved as so create points that become infinitely dense (as space curves in on itself?)

submitted by /u/Jabacasm
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If a person gets an organ transplant (and assuming their body doesn't reject it) is there a point, after the body's cells have been refreshed with new ones, in which the replacement organ will have no DNA of the person that it originally belonged to?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 11:31 AM PDT

Is there a finite amount of prime numbers?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 01:31 PM PDT

I was watching a recent Numberphile video where they explained that

 x! + [1 , x ] 

formula can be used to calculate a gap of primes of any size.

So taking that and using ∞ as x, wouldn't that mean that there is an infinitely long prime gap and couldn't be any primes after the gap, because the gap never ends?

Thanks.

EDIT: thats not an equation, it's a formula!

submitted by /u/Lenart12
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40,000+ sq mi. area in Russia potted and covered with small circular ponds, almost every major pond has some kind of industrial site on it. What is this?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 08:36 PM PDT

Edit: Wish I could adjust title: Specifically what type of geography is this and how did it come to be? What are all these industrial sites near each of the ponds?

https://www.google.com/maps/@61.5628831,72.9922958,11454m/data=!3m1!1e3

--this one includes a street view of some drilling machine? https://www.google.com/maps/@64.1883935,74.2266735,10016m/data=!3m1!1e3

--another example of the hundreds of industrial sites that dot the area: https://www.google.com/maps/@61.547417,72.732247,3a,15y,189.37h,93.65t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sQkLPkbJHCVCpm_cp7KuKsw!2e0!7i13312!8i6656

submitted by /u/ihaveasandwitch
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In a blind double slit experiment, particles go through two slits, which show up on a backboard in a wave form. However, the wave form is not physical, It's a probability distribution. Can anyone explain what a "probability distribution" in this case is, and what happened to the initial particles?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 11:44 AM PDT

Am I misunderstanding the experiment? Like, what do they mean when they say "probability distribution"? That sounds just like math. Is the entire experiment just done via math, or with physical tiny bits of matter? Are particles actually hitting a backboard? What does it mean for particles to become a "probability distribution"? For some reason this is not making sense, but I may just be entirely missing something.

submitted by /u/CarefreeCastle
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How will the world look in a few years, in terms of climate?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 11:24 AM PDT

I don't mean things like "temperatures/sea levels will rise", since I already know that. I mean, if things continue as they are right now, how bad will the world be? How will it affect my life, basically? I'm scared for my future :(

submitted by /u/Popopopper123
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Thursday, July 20, 2017

How do women astronauts deal with periods in antigravity?

How do women astronauts deal with periods in antigravity?


How do women astronauts deal with periods in antigravity?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 09:50 AM PDT

Are there solid planets the size of Jupiter or the sun?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 01:59 AM PDT

Can a planet be the size of Jupiter or the sun while still being solid? By that I mean have a crust you could conceivably stand on. If a planet cannot be that large why not?

submitted by /u/xxSoul_Thiefxx
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If we terraform Moon/Mars, with almost no volcanic activity, wouldn't all the mountains eventually weather away due to erosion?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 08:06 AM PDT

Yellowstone Plateau is rising 0.6" per year. How do you detect and measure that rate of change?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 05:17 AM PDT

Data from Wikipedia, so I appreciate that the actual number may be different. But the question remains - how do scientists detect a minute change in height without using the average change over thousands of years.

For example, later the article says that a portion of the caldera moved 1.5" per year between 2004 and 2008. How can you tell?

submitted by /u/Daven2ude
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How is infrared radiation translated into vibrational energy in an atom?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 05:33 AM PDT

I thought radiation only affects electron shells. How does it physically make an atom vibrate? Does it somehow hit the nucleus and push it? Does the vibrational energy dissipate as more infrared? How much input infrared = how much output? If it's the same then there's no energy left to vibrate anything. If it's not the same then where's the extra energy go?

submitted by /u/Liber_Vive
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How do anacondas' stomachs shield themselves against the sharp claws of the prey they devour?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 04:44 PM PDT

Very few organisms swallow their prey as a whole leaving them no choice but to swallow all the sharp accompaniments too. I was wondering how the claws of the prey don't scratch the insides of anacondas and the like.

submitted by /u/sriharivignesh
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What actually causes cracking joints? Is there any real biological benefit?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 03:38 PM PDT

Why are cancer patients at a higher risk of developing blood clots?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 08:55 PM PDT

In light of the recent news about U.S. Senator John McCain's diagnosis of glioblastoma, and his recent surgery to remove a blood clot in one of his eyes, it made me wonder why, at a biochemical level, does cancer facilitate the formation of blood clots?

submitted by /u/footrell
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Is there a lagrange point at a binary system's center of mass?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 06:39 AM PDT

How does the experiment work where you put water on a plate, light a candle and put a glass over it? The water gets sucked into the glass, but the most common explanation is wrong.

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 08:42 PM PDT

("The candle burns away the oxygen" - the burning would surely lead to a similar amount of gas, or slightly more of CO and H2O are created.)

submitted by /u/AuspiciousApple
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The stars named thousans of years ago remain visible.If the stars are moving away from Earth,why have none disappeared from view?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 02:13 AM PDT

Do astronomers map fixed points in space? Do we have a way to measure this?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 08:46 PM PDT

I know that we know where Earth is in relation to the sun, but I also understand the universe is expanding and all celestial bodies are hurtling through space. Do fixed points in space exist? Do they matter? Is it possible to pinpoint where I was in the universe the day I was born?

submitted by /u/CharethCutestorie
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How did the evolution of wings happen?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 01:37 AM PDT

I understand that having wings that you can fly with is an advantage over no wings at all. But how can You explain the evolutionary steps in between - little wing-type things that You can't really fly with and can't do anything useful either ? Why did evolution kept these species that have those almost-wings to evolve into fully functional wings?

submitted by /u/softfluffy
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Is the quickest way to travel in space to a destination to accelerate to the mid point and de-accelerate from there?

Posted: 20 Jul 2017 04:31 AM PDT

I am asking purely about the quickest way to get from point a to b in space without using any gravitational mechanics to assist you.

I'm wondering if it would be quicker to accelerate for say 90% of the distance and then brake for the last 10%? All the tools I look at, for example http://convertalot.com/relativistic_star_ship_calculator.html, give the same assumption of even acceleration and braking.

Thanks in advance for your help everyone :)

Edit: I think I just realised the answer to this... The quickest rate you can accelerate at is the quickest rate you can decelerate at. So assuming that you are accelerating and decelerating at maximum rates then it would be the quickest way. Is this correct?

submitted by /u/newosis
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Is it true that octopuses extremely intelligent? In what ways are they intelligent and how do we know?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 02:54 PM PDT

When light hits a reflective surface such as water, what decides which individual photons passes though and which gets reflected back?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 03:56 PM PDT

Joule`s law states that Q=I^2*R*t. If we substitute I with Ohm`s law we get Q=(U^2*t)/R. Is heat generated proportional to the square of current or voltage?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 11:59 PM PDT

You can get third formation out of the Joule`s law If you substitude out R, Q=IUt. In this case heat generated is directly proportional to both voltage and current. How is heat dissipated tied really with voltage and current? What I am mossing out here?

submitted by /u/rainerb4
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You know how if you put liquids of different densities in a container, they separate? What would happen if you did that in 0 gravity?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 12:50 PM PDT

What is the relationship between the photon and EM wave?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 11:18 PM PDT

I think the photon is based on the idea of EM waves, but how do you "quantize" a wave into a photon?

How does the idea of a photon come about from an EM wave?

submitted by /u/yosimba2000
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Why does having a ground wire make a piece of electrical equipment safer?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 03:29 PM PDT

I've been searching the internet for a good answer, but I've yet to find a completely satisfying one.

Anyways, the gist of what I've heard is that, if a wire inside an appliance breaks free and touches the metal container, the container of the device is now likely at the same voltage as the hot wire. Now, in theory, if I grab just a hot wire, I'm not in any danger because there's no circuit. Unless I'm also touching the return wire, there's nowhere for the current to go. Birds can stand on power lines, after all. What I've gathered, though, is that since the actual earth conducts electricity (TIL), the electricity will flow from the hot wire, through you, through the ground, and back to the power plant, which is also grounded.

What I don't understand is, if I'm inside my house, standing on a hardwood or tile floor (both insulators), wearing shoes (insulators), I'm not connected to the ground, am I? It would make sense if I was standing outside in a puddle of water, but that's not typical. Furthermore, all of this also requires that the power plant is grounded, which also makes no sense. Why is the power plant even grounded in the first place? Assuming I built the power plant on a concrete block and the wires don't touch the ground, how could a current flow through the ground into the power plant?

submitted by /u/290077
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Wednesday, July 19, 2017

Why are so many people allergic to peanuts?

Why are so many people allergic to peanuts?


Why are so many people allergic to peanuts?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 07:34 PM PDT

Peanut allergies seem to be incredibly prevalent. Why are so many people allergic to peanuts and not other foods?

submitted by /u/slushhush
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Why are our eyes able to quickly adjust to brightly lit environments but are much slower to adjust to dark environments?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 05:05 PM PDT

Are any cultures known that did not use fire at the time of first contact?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 01:19 PM PDT

Do plants die of old age?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 05:17 AM PDT

Given enough nutrients, water, space to grow and a source of light for photosynthesis, and ignoring any potential diseases or natural disasters, could any plant - not specifically plants that are known to have survived for long periods of time like Weltwitschias or that aspen tree(s) - live forever?

submitted by /u/morobin1
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 08:07 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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Is there any proof that 'attachment' styles of parenting lead to better adjusted and happier children?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 10:28 PM PDT

Like many aspects of parenting I find that the proof is heavily reliant on self reporting/ anecdotes, and I was curious as to whether there was any empirical proof that privileges one style over another?

submitted by /u/niconiconeko
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How do people from completely different sides of the same country pick up different accents? And how do people pick up an accent to begin with?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 06:37 AM PDT

Planets can have rings. Can stars have the same sort of rings?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 05:38 AM PDT

I don't think Sol's asteroid belt would count as a ring because, I assume, it's not nearly as dense as the rings around Saturn. Can a star even have a ring so dense as to be very visible?

Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/photolouis
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How much force would you need to launch something around the size of a man around the world using only mechanical power like a trebuchet or catapult?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 11:48 PM PDT

Can a solar eclipse really blind you?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 03:35 PM PDT

I was always told growing up that solar eclipses can blind you and never look at one. With the eclipse coming to the US in a month, I was curious if it is actually possible to be blinded, or if it was safe to look at one with the naked eyes. Thanks everyone!

submitted by /u/Yankeemil33
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What is a *truly random* number?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 07:36 AM PDT

So I had an MBA Operations Research assignment a few years ago, and I can't stop thinking about it. We used the RAND function in Excel to simulate a data set. I learned that these numbers were only pseudo-random and I wanted to know why - what's the difference? It was explained that this isn't really a binary, that there is a spectrum of randomness so some numbers are more random than others! If one end of that spectrum is Truly Random, then the other end must be NOT random! What gives? After further study, it seems that a random number just has to satisfy the requirement that each possible value within the set has an equal probability of being selected, but in the real world, the set is truly infinite. Is the concept of true randomness simply an artifact of mathematics? Wouldn't it be a violation of the Law of Causation?

submitted by /u/messianicsimplex2
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Why can't stable orbits exist in more than 3 dimensional space?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 07:35 AM PDT

Does the size of a bucket (same surface area on top as bottom) affect the HEIGHT of rain that will fall into each bucket?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 06:01 PM PDT

'Physics' A friend of mine and I have been having a debate about how earlier today I left a bucket outside, and after it stopped raining, there was about an inch of water in it. I then said, "we just got about an inch of rain in the last 15 minutes." He then said, "doesn't it depend on the size of bucket?

submitted by /u/Miamiheat104
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Why solar sails work but EM Drive validity is in doubt?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 07:02 AM PDT

If we have a blind spot in the center of our vision from our optical nerve, how come when I close one eye I don't see a "hole" in my vision?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 04:57 PM PDT

From my understanding, the missing information would be filled in with information from the other eyeball, but if that one is closed how can we know what is in our blind spot? If we keep one eye closed and stare at the same point with our other eyeball would the blind spot slowly develop as our brain becomes more unsure of what is there?

submitted by /u/SteevIrwin
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Are there any plants that contain cannabinoids other than the Cannabis family and Radula marginata?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 12:38 PM PDT

How long would it take for the tidal force from the sun to tidally lock the earth in its orbit, given the sun stays in the state it is now?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 07:00 PM PDT

Could one perform a gravitational slingshot around a black hole? How effective would it be (if yes)?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 07:36 PM PDT

Question randomly popped into my head while staring at the Mass Effect 2 main menu.

submitted by /u/CorvoKAttano
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Are there any proven, long-term effects on children whose mothers drank alcohol while breastfeeding?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 10:44 PM PDT

Why does Benadryl make you drowsy?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 07:58 PM PDT

I know the simple answer is that drowsiness is a side effect of antihistamines, but I'd like to know what antihistamines specifically do to make you feel tired.

submitted by /u/calicogwen
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How do the "1's and 0's" transmitted by a radio signal tell the speaker how to move in order to play a song on the radio?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 01:00 PM PDT

How different would a universe be if it was made exactly like the one we live in, except that every proton is replaced with an antiproton, every neutron with an antineutron, and every electron with a positron?

Posted: 19 Jul 2017 03:11 AM PDT

Could you make guitar strings out of carbon nanotubes?

Posted: 18 Jul 2017 05:53 PM PDT