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Thursday, April 6, 2017

How can my portable battery charger drain itself completely when charging my phone? Shouldn't the two batteries come to equilibrium?

How can my portable battery charger drain itself completely when charging my phone? Shouldn't the two batteries come to equilibrium?


How can my portable battery charger drain itself completely when charging my phone? Shouldn't the two batteries come to equilibrium?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 09:28 AM PDT

Is there a way to find the equation of a random curve?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 06:18 AM PDT

e.g. if I took a pencil and drew on some paper, could we express that curve as a function?

submitted by /u/Red5551
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Is the infinite amount of numbers between 0 and 2 more than the infinite amount of numbers between 0 and 1?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 11:34 AM PDT

What's the difference between polymorphism and allotropy?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 04:34 AM PDT

Is an allotropic element in two of its polymorphic states at the same time? I don't get it.

submitted by /u/spunkmobile
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Do black holes leave any trail of exhaust?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 05:55 AM PDT

When do astronomers or astrophysicist say "a black hole was here"?

submitted by /u/imgroovy
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What determines an element's half-life, is it completely random? or based other factors, if so what factors?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 03:21 AM PDT

Why is there almost no potential difference between two DC power supplies?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 05:28 AM PDT

I'm not entirely sure if this is physics or an engineering question. I am interested in the physics. Embarrassing admittance, I actually have an undergrad degree in physics; apparently I didn't pay enough attention in E&M. I can't come up with a way to assign this a specific question as I feel there is something fundamental I am missing. Anyway, I digress, on to the explanation.

I have two DC power supplies both wired into the same AC line that produce 24v. Here is an image of my horrible wiring. I imagine that the circuit diagram probably looks like something along these lines.

I was playing around and attempted to wire a light from the - side of one power supply to the positive side of another. The light didn't light and I found this confusing. So I broke out my volt meter and measured the potential difference between the positive side of one power supply to the negative side of the other. This is what I saw. What?

I found this extremely confusing and I'll explain why shortly. I randomly cranked up the sensitivity of my volt meter and took the measurement again. This time I did measure a potential. That's millivolts, which I have no explanation for. Even more unusual was that this oscillated between +- 40 millivolts. What the heck? Why is this oscillating, I thought this was DC?

Like a good little scientist I decided to just measure every possible combination of connections between the two devices producing this table that just leaves me confused. (Note these are maximum potentials as they all oscillate for some reason).

My understanding of things was that both of these power supplies generated a potential relative to ground (grounds are tied BTW). All the happy little electrons pooled at the negative DC terminal ready to travel off to a potential difference. Before doing this little experiment, I would have assumed that there would be a current flow from the negative of one power supply to either the positive OR the ground of the other. There isn't. Apparently my understanding of the physics here is extremely flawed. What the heck is going on?

My horrific list of questions I don't know how to answer: Why do I measure almost zero potential difference between the two power supplies? Why does it oscillated on a DC system? Why am I measuring a potential difference between the two positives or the two negatives? Why is that potential difference the same magnitude as the potential difference I measure between - and positive? Why do I measure a potential difference between BOTH positive and ground AND negative and ground?

This has been bothering me for about a week and I have discussed it at length with two electrical engineers neither of which could give me a good explanation. So thanks for putting up with my rant and thanks for the help ahead of time :)

Note: This could probably be classified just as easily as an engineering question and it may have an engineering answer that I am not aware of, but I feel it's important to note that it's the physics I am particularly interested in.

submitted by /u/JMile69
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Why is it so difficult to span large bodies of water?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 04:57 AM PDT

For example I was reading about the troubles with bridging huge fjords in Norway and I was thinking: "Why can't we just build floating bridges?" Surely its difficult, but not impossible with modern technologies. But, I realize I don't know anything about modern structural technologies. So, my question is: "What technologies do we have for bridging long spans of water and for technologies we do have, why is it so hard to extend it to super large spans?"

Thanks.

submitted by /u/laminatedlama
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Many influential scientific findings have come from previously eccentric mathematics, like the use of non-Euclidean geometry by Einstein to explain relativity. What weird math do we have today that doesn't seem to be useful now, but would be awesome to utilize in the future?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 10:06 PM PDT

Is there a (theoretical) superconductor for heat instead of electricitiy?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 11:53 PM PDT

What is the difference between sodium permeability and -conductance?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 06:36 AM PDT

Reading on how action potentials are generated in the brain, I've come across a distinction I don't quite understand, namely the one between Na+ conductance and Na+ permeability. My textbook says, "the difference [between the two] is the electrochemical driving force acting upon the ion." Can someone please ELI15?

submitted by /u/elle_w00ds
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Do crystals (e.g. Copper Sulphate, Aspirin) contain impurities in them, or are they pure once crystallised? If they are not pure when crystallised, what impurities are in them and what causes them to appear in the Crystal (aka why weren't they removed during purification)?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 06:27 AM PDT

Any help would be appreciated, thank you!!!!!! :)

submitted by /u/NAMukato
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Looking at serotonin, I notice the benzene rings, but why does the HO only have one line but the NH3 zigzags, what does that mean?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 12:20 AM PDT

Are all tetrahedral molecules non polar?

Posted: 06 Apr 2017 06:11 AM PDT

I sort of understand how dipoles work, but the vectors are confusing me. Are all linear, trigonal planar and tetrahedral molecules non polar? Also, are all bent and trigonal pyramidal molecules polar? Thank you!

submitted by /u/ozvooky
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CD-R says it can hold 700mb and has 80 minutes of play time. Why can I burn 7 hours of songs on it?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 10:38 PM PDT

I searched but did not find anything sepcificaly helpful. Can someone explain how this works?

submitted by /u/epicmcanimator
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What is the total amount of all gravitational potential energy in the observable universe?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 11:36 PM PDT

Does the Corpus Callosum stovepipe/throttle the information flow between the left and right brain hemispheres?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 06:45 PM PDT

I understand that each half of the brain contains roughly 50 billion Neurons, and each neuron has between 10,000-15,000 neural synapse connections to other neurons for a total of 5,000 Trillion neural synapse connections in each half of the brain, while the part of the brain (Corpus Callosum) that connects the two halves and feeds information back and forth only has 150-250 million fibers in it.

Is this in effect a stovepipe for information that is not capable of transferring the vast amount of information back and forth between the two brain halves?

Would beefing up the Corups Callosum with more fibers increase the amount of information that could be transmitted back and forth between the two halves of the brain?

submitted by /u/DopeBoySpaceMagic
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Have there been any big updates since the Higgs boson was discovered?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 08:55 AM PDT

Searching "higgs boson update" on google gives an April fools article from 2016 as the top result. Have there been any updates on the Higgs boson since it was discovered? Was it confirmed to be the Higgs boson that was originally predicted, or did it turn out to be some other Higgs-like particle? Have the initial measurements been refined?

submitted by /u/CH31415
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Why does liquid form a parabolic shape when spun in a container?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 04:28 PM PDT

I just watched a PBS Space Time video (so I guess the source is credible) in which the guy mentions a liquid mirror made of mercury that does 6-8 revolutions a minute and thus creates a parabolic mirror to focus light.

Does this happen to all liquids in a container? If I'm spinning my wine in a glass does it always want to take up a parabolic profile?

submitted by /u/i_like_pringles95
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Wednesday, April 5, 2017

In light of the recent growth of sightings of Tasmanian Tigers and possibility of a species coming back from what we thought was extinction... Has this happened with any other species in the last ~500 years?

In light of the recent growth of sightings of Tasmanian Tigers and possibility of a species coming back from what we thought was extinction... Has this happened with any other species in the last ~500 years?


In light of the recent growth of sightings of Tasmanian Tigers and possibility of a species coming back from what we thought was extinction... Has this happened with any other species in the last ~500 years?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 07:27 AM PDT

Question in title.

Just curious if other species have rebounded that we are aware of.

Thank you in advance.

Edit: Really interesting answers by everyone so far. Thank you!

Edit 2: Follow up question. What are the biological implications when a species that we thought was extinct, rebounds it's population? Is it just limited to things like focusing on changing what caused their extinction in the first place, like eradicating the rats in the "tree lobster" article?

Edit 3: Holy cow ladies and gents. I never thought I would get this much feedback on my post. It's going to take me a bit to read through it. But I will. In the mean time, thank you again, from the bottom of my heart, for all your answers and feedback.

Edit 4: Here are a couple links that led me to believe that the sightings had increased and were credible enough to be taken seriously by scientists. (copy/pasted from a buried comment) Here is a different news source which I read a couple days ago that prompted me to think that the number of sightings have increased recently.

In the article they mention several recent sightings and the fact that there is a team of scientists taking action to further investigate the claims.

More information on the scientists conducting the research can be found here in a media release from James Cook University. Dr. Sandra Abell and professor Bill Laurence will be leading a team of scientists that will be placing 50 wildlife cameras out in strategic locations to try to catch a glimpse of the creature. This is part of an already existing study that they were conducting to monitor wildlife that had been modified to focus on the Tasmanian Tigers following the credible sighting reports.

submitted by /u/geomindspin
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What happened to my body to make it so that I peed the bed less frequently as I got older?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 11:00 PM PDT

How do the current levels of non-ionizing radiation, from wireless transmissions in city centres, compare with the exposure we normally get from either background radiation or sunlight etc?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 04:51 AM PDT

I am in the middle of a debate on the effect of RF radiation on humans. While trying to rebut some counter arguments, I came across this pdf from these guys.

Trying not to cringe at the sensationalism and the fear-mongering, i came across this paragraph:

Before Edison's lightbulb, there was very little electromagnetic radiation in our environment. The levels today are very many times higher than natural background levels and are growing rapidly because of all the new devices that emit this radiation.

Is this claim true? How do "natural" sources of radiation compare to our artificial ones, in intensity and danger to our health?

submitted by /u/asdreth
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CPUs carry out anywhere from 1 to 32 instructions per clock cycle; if so few instructions per clock cycle are being performed, what is the benefit to cramming billions of transistors onto one chip?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 04:06 AM PDT

How would so few instructions involve so many transistors?

submitted by /u/perigee392
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Can elements with low atomic number (say less than 83) emit alpha particles?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 03:14 AM PDT

Or alpha decay just occurs at elements with high atomic number?

submitted by /u/krampuszxc
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If E. Coli is found in our intestines and used in various medicine, why is it harmful in food?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 07:42 PM PDT

E. Coli has come up various times in my biology class, such as being used to create insulin treatments, and also mentioned as being found in the human intestine. So my question is why, such as the Chipotle scandal, is it considered harmful when found in food?

submitted by /u/Lintforbrains
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What exactly is light?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 05:48 PM PDT

I was discussing an earlier question with a teacher (Can light bend if passed through a small opening?) and he raised an interesting point: What is light? Is it photons moving in a wave pattern? If yes, how does that happen? Or is it a wave through which photons pass? If yes, what exactly does that wave consist of? (I have realised that both of my questions sound similar, but I'm going to keep them both for now.)

submitted by /u/notatyrannosaur
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 08:06 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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How long does it take for a particle to reach the speed of light? and how much energy is required?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 02:01 AM PDT

Is is possible to precipitate elemental magnesium from solution, similar to tin?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 09:52 PM PDT

https://youtu.be/r-YbQN_twpw?t=147

I have been looking at the ideas behind electrolysis and came across the stannous chloride precipitation, is it possible to make a saturated magnesium chloride solution (Mg (excess)+HCl) and then precipitate elemental magnesium from it using electrolysis?

also, would one need to use platinum/graphite electrodes? Or would copper be fine?

keep in mind this is just theory, i am aware of the chlorine gas emission from this reaction.

Mg+HCl --> MgCl2 + H2

MgCl2 --> Mg2+ +2Cl-

 electrolysis 

Mg2+ +2Cl- --> Mg(s) + Cl2(g) ?

submitted by /u/Dragoarms
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What causes color degradation?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 07:42 AM PDT

I was just wondering exactly how does natural light (sun) degrade (bleaching/white washing) images like posters or paint on a building? Is it the sun reacting to certain things here on the earth?

Edit : Fixed spelling error

submitted by /u/Dederking
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Why is Pi in the probability distribution function of the normal distribution ?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 03:16 PM PDT

Wikipedia says the the factor 1/sqrt(2pi) in this expression ensures that the total area under the curve is equal to one. Can someone explain to me why that is?

submitted by /u/jo9008
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Is there any evidence that long-term sleep deprivation can decrease eyesight or visual acuity?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 07:04 PM PDT

Does the insulin/insulin-like signaling pathway have different roles in different organisms or groups of life?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 08:08 AM PDT

Or does it seem to universally perform the same ultimate functions for all life? Insulin-like signaling seems to be a very ancient, conserved, and ubiquitous pathway. I'm wondering what, if any, differences in its function may have arisen in response to the varied environmental pressures that different groups of life were subject to.

Any references would be great.

submitted by /u/ParakeetNipple
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In places where plant life dies in the winter, is there noticeably more O2 in the summer?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 05:27 AM PDT

What's the difference between malignant narcissism and psychopathy?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 04:18 AM PDT

This passage appears in the book Snakes in Suits by Paul Babiak and Robert Hare:

Narcissists have difficulty learning alternative behaviors; but over time, and with some assistance—as with all personality disorders— they can learn to moderate their behaviors and the negative effect they have on others. The real problem for others is when narcissistic features, especially a sense of entitlement and a lack of empathy, shade into antisocial and destructive behaviors. When this happens, the pattern might be described as aggressive or malignant narcissism, which is difficult to distinguish from psychopathy.

submitted by /u/BaronBifford
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How small can an OLED pixel be?

Posted: 05 Apr 2017 02:46 AM PDT

I saw this video recently and started wondering just how small a pixel/pixel pitch could be made. Current OLED display structures are on the micron scale. If the tools used to make OLED displays are similar to semiconductor chip fabrication where photolithography is used to create structures on the nanometer scale, could this ever happen for OLEDs?

What are the issues that come along with shrinking component sizes and do the materials used have limits of how small they can be created before they lose function?

submitted by /u/xfjqvyks
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Which would be easier to build: A particle accelerator or a fusion reactor?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 12:53 PM PDT

Just out of curiosity, asking for a friend;)

submitted by /u/Jayhawk_Dunk
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Is all matter able to take liquid form?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 01:48 PM PDT

Generally speaking.

Specifically; if you heat up a piece of paper it becomes ash (which is mostly carbon, right?)... What happens if you continue to heat that carbon? Can you heat carbon to the point of becoming liquid?

submitted by /u/OberonClone
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Does dark matter cluster together like normal matter? Can it form planet or star-like structures or is more like a gas?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 03:15 PM PDT

How weak are weak-nuclear-forces and how strong are strong-nuclear-forces?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 08:40 AM PDT

I know we can't compare classic to quantum model, but in layman terms can you show comparison in Newton(N)?

submitted by /u/bluejeenes
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Why are hexagons so prevalent in nature?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 02:46 PM PDT

This has always puzzled me. Here are a few examples of hexagons.

submitted by /u/Spikerazorshards
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Why isn't fiberglass as dangerous as asbestos seeing as they are both fairly similar fibers?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 09:42 AM PDT

How quickly do stars change relative position within a galaxy?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 03:08 PM PDT

Assume that an interstellar society exists, that they possess FTL travel, and that they mark stellar positions using a coordinate system that resembles the following:

  1. Distance from galactic center in the plane of the galactic ecliptic
  2. Perpendicular distance from the plane of the galactic ecliptic
  3. Rotational distance from a reference star (this likely varies from society to society, unless they all hail from a single ancestor civ, in which case Sol (to use us as an example) might get used for all of them)

How much time would need to pass, on average, before there would be a good chance that your coordinates would dump you out of FTL deep in the black?

submitted by /u/seylerius
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Tuesday, April 4, 2017

Is DNA Compressed?

Is DNA Compressed?


Is DNA Compressed?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 08:26 AM PDT

Are any parts of DNA compressed like a zip file? If so, what is the mechanism for interpretation to uncompress it?

submitted by /u/TrashyFanFic
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What happened to the hole in the ozone layer?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 07:15 AM PDT

How can hormones and other proteins in food (meat/milk etc.) affect us if all proteins get broken down into amino acids before being absorbed?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 08:00 AM PDT

There are many opinions floating around about how "humans aren't supposed to drink milk" because the hormones in it are for baby cows and growth/fertility hormones given to farm animals are detrimental to our health when we eat them. While I don't have strong feelings about either of these issues I do want to know if they have any valid reasoning. Granted my understanding of digestion is pretty basic but I can't imagine we have receptors for hormones on the outside of the digestive tract, or that proteins that large can be absorbed without breaking them down.

submitted by /u/ChosenBeard
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If there are 3 space dimensions and one time dimension, is it theoretically possible to have multiple time demensions and if so how would it work?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 12:34 PM PDT

How do composites of fermions acquire Bose-Einstein statistics?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 07:42 PM PDT

For example, I can have two pions in the exact same quantum state. But it seems like exchanging the two up quarks in the pions should cause the wave function to change sign without changing the state, implying that the amplitude of this state is zero, by the same argument used for the PEP for unbound fermions.

submitted by /u/EnshaednK
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What specific adaptations, if any, have Caribou acquired to cope with the large amount of lichen in their winter diet?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 09:52 AM PDT

The Earth bulges at the equator because it is spinning. Are equatorial bulges present on gas giants like Saturn and Jupiter?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 03:10 PM PDT

Does the bulge change at all because its gas? I.E, is it larger or smaller when proportionally compared to earth. Thanks

Here is what I'm referencing for the curious:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equatorial_bulge

submitted by /u/TuckItInThereDawg
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Could any plants grow anywhere on Mars?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 06:56 AM PDT

Seeing as Mars has a wide variation in temperature and ground water could any plants from Earth grow anywhere on the planet for even a short time? If not, how close are any plants to being able to grow there?

submitted by /u/a1thirteen
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How does the body keep our nerves, the tendons, veins and arteries from tangling into a mess?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 07:20 AM PDT

What exactly is irrotationality in fluid flow? Does it refer to the circular paths of fluid particles or the rotation of the particles about their own axis or both?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 10:09 PM PDT

This is the assumption made while deriving Bernoulli equation, though never specifies as to what it is referring.

submitted by /u/sudhu28
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Why are microwaves used for Microwave Ovens instead of visible or infrared light?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 02:29 PM PDT

If there is more energy in visible light and infrared, why do we use microwave light for Microwave ovens?

Wouldn't a Visible Light appliance with the same concept of a Microwave be even more efficient at beating our food? The same could be said for Infrared Light?

submitted by /u/hockeyboi
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For PRBS3 with clock input on each gate, how can you work out the sequence?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 03:05 PM PDT

I've seen them described on Wikipedia, but I don't understand the process of working out the states, and the order that they repeat in.

submitted by /u/HitchikersPie
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How do we know that when pi is used in a formula is it actually pi and not something similar?

Posted: 04 Apr 2017 05:24 AM PDT

For example Coulomb's law Has 4π ε0. Where ε0 is 8.85 × 10-12 F m-1 How do we know that it's π and we haven't just made ε0 different. Like ε0 supposed to be 2.78*10-11 F m-1 but we saw that a bit of π was a factor so we put it in there?

Same for the formula for magnetic field strength it also has π and a constant in it. How do we know that it's π and not just something close?

submitted by /u/LinksToStuff
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In the history of life on Earth, around when did the first fart occur, and what would the organism that dealt it have been like?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 03:48 PM PDT

I'm thinking it would be the first animal to have a gastrointestinal tract, but maybe I'm wrong.

submitted by /u/kernco
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What are some problems or disadvantages of Thorium nuclear reactors?

Posted: 03 Apr 2017 12:12 PM PDT