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Sunday, January 29, 2017

Is element 118 a noble gas?

Is element 118 a noble gas?


Is element 118 a noble gas?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 03:27 AM PST

Why is it impossible for objects weighing less than 0.02 milligrams to form a black hole?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 02:01 PM PST

Whats so special about that mass that you cant form a black hole below it?

submitted by /u/sourc3original
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Do octopuses have a dominant right or left side?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 08:43 AM PST

I'm drawing an octopus right now, and I'd really like to know.

submitted by /u/Harisson-affordable
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What was Turing most likely referring to when he talked about "overwhelming statistical evidence" of Telepathy?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 08:12 AM PST

In Computing Machinery and Intelligence he talks about overwhelming statistical evidence of Telepathy. Does anyone know what he was most likely referring to?

I assume that the reader is familiar with the idea of extrasensory perception, and the meaning of the four items of it, viz., telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition and psychokinesis. These disturbing phenomena seem to deny all our usual scientific ideas. How we should like to discredit them! Unfortunately the statistical evidence, at least for telepathy, is overwhelming. It is very difficult to rearrange one's ideas so as to fit these new facts in.

submitted by /u/StopfortheKlopp
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Would any heavy metals such as mercury be found in fish naturally or is that caused entirely by human industrial waste?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 09:52 AM PST

What kept a massive black hole from forming immediately after the Big Bang?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 01:39 PM PST

If all the mass in the universe was in the same place immediately following the Big Bang, how was an insanely massive black hole not formed? What kept it from collapsing in on itself instead of spreading out?

Is it because of it's mass? Light can't escape a black hole, but can something with enough mass traveling near or at the speed of light escape?

submitted by /u/Pappy091
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What can we use Time Crystals for?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 06:33 AM PST

How does the drop height of a marble affect the wave length of the waves in a water tray?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 06:24 AM PST

If black holes emit gravitational waves, doesn't it mean that something is escaping from them?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 04:32 AM PST

Can they be true singularities then?

submitted by /u/Jagulars
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If there is no friction in space, how do the thrusters work on space shuttle?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 07:43 AM PST

Don't they have to push against something to move, like air.

submitted by /u/FuzzyCamron
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Are there any factors that have actually been shown to affect which sex a baby will be when born?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 10:38 AM PST

I've heard of anecdotal reasons like mother's diet but have there been any serious studies on this topic?

submitted by /u/TheRedditLifeChoseMe
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What proportion of primes smaller than the largest known prime do we know for certain has been discovered?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 12:44 PM PST

We hear about a new "largest prime number ever" being discovered now and then. But we clearly dont know of every prime number below it (distributed computing projects like PrimeGrid discover new primes all the time which are smaller than the largest known). So I have a few question, just to satisfy my own curiosity really:

  1. What is the largest number N for which we are certain we have discovered all the prime numbers smaller than N?

  2. How much smaller is that number than the largest known prime?

  3. How many primes do we suspect are "missing" between that number and the largest known prime number?

  4. Does that proportion remain relatively constant as time goes on? (ie. as new largest primes are discovered, we will also have discovered other primes in the mean time and possibly increased the number N as well, so does the proportion of "missing" primes between N and the largest known prime remain relatively constant as time goes on or does it shrink or grow?)

Thats it I think. Feel free to fill in more though.

submitted by /u/GroovingPict
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Why is beet juice a good addition to de-icers from a chemical stand point?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 09:27 AM PST

I want to ask why the addition of beet juice to de-icers is beneficial from a chemical point of view, for example adding it the calcium chloride and salt brine then spreading it on roads to keep them clear of ice.

submitted by /u/K3V1N_Gar1
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What mass does a planet have to have to be able to keep light in orbit?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 07:42 PM PST

I know gravity will bend light, and I know gravity is a function of a bodies mass, but at what mass can a body bend light around its self enough to essentially keep it in orbit? Is that what is meant by a black hole has gravity so strong light cannot escape?

submitted by /u/thegregtastic
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Why is osmotic pressure able to raise a water level against gravity?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 09:47 AM PST

My understanding of diffusion is that all the particles in a fluid randomly move around within the fluid volume. Eventually they are evenly spread out, reaching equilibrium. Models of such systems are defined by concentration gradients of the particles of interest.

I thought that the idea of the concentration gradients being the "driving force" of diffusion was just a convenient way to intuitively grasp the process of diffusion, and that such a force doesn't really exist, because the particles are randomly moving and their diffusion is statistical.

However, in the case of a semi-permeable membrane separating a high-salt concentration aqueous solution from a low concentration one, the diffusion of water across the membrane actually forces the solution levels on either side to be uneven, like in this illustration. I would have assumed that, if the diffusion of water across the membrane were just statistical chance, that the hydrostatic pressure would be able to keep the levels equal by pushing the water molecules back across the membrane once they started to raise the liquid level. Instead, the "osmotic pressure" must actually exist as a real pressure and balance the hydrostatic pressure of the raised water level.

What molecular interactions between the water and the solutes, or whatever else, causes the system to come to this equilibrium state?

submitted by /u/OpenSystem
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Why isn't mastocyte degranulation as a response to IgE Fc receptor engagement considered ADCC?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 01:16 PM PST

Eosinophil-mediated ADCC involves eosinophils recognising IgE antibodies bound to an antigen via FcεRI receptors, which causes them to degranulate, releasing MBP and various cytotoxic enzymes.

Mastocytes also possess FcεRI receptors which, when stimulated by an antigen-IgE complex, cause the mastocyte to degranulate. The mechanism seems similar enough. The contents of the granules are mainly focused on producing an inflammatory response, but cytotoxic substances are also released (according to my immunology textbook), so why isn't this considered ADCC?

submitted by /u/3288266430
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If extremely common viruses, like Hepatitis A, give humans post-exposure immunity, how do these viruses survive in places they are everywhere, such as India?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 08:35 AM PST

Is the reaction of Silicon and Chlorine dangerous?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 06:15 AM PST

Hello. So I'm doing my first ever Chemistry project for school. The project is:
Choose an element and discuss it for the class, and at the end of the presentation you either do an experiment or show a video of one.
It's my first year that I have chemistry, so it's still very basic and not really complicated. After looking around on google i've seen that Silicon reacts with Chlorine.
This is the video I saw.
I'm not really sure what is happening in this video. I see he's heating the Silicon untill it's glowing, then he increases the flow of chlorine but I don't know exactly what happens next.
I was wondering if it would be safe enough to perform in class.

Sorry for this weird question. If this is not fitting for this subreddit (because it's all kindoff proffesional here) please tell me or remove this.
Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/Garfield131415
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Is there more variation in the nucleotide sequence of a highly conserved gene than its protein sequence?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 07:49 AM PST

I was recently conducting a BLAST search of an unknown gene sequence and there were fewer related nucleotide sequences as compared to when I searched the protein sequences.

Of course this could be based on fewer submissions to the nucleotide sequence database than the protein database but I think it may be explained by the degeneracy of the genetic code but I'm not sure.

submitted by /u/Suomwe
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Will quantum computers/processors be useful for solving sparse linear and non-linear systems seen in FEA/CFD? What about D-Wave

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 08:11 AM PST

I am a structural FEA analyst, primarily concerned with material nonlinearities, but also contact problems. We use codes that use NL Krylov methods and Newton methods. It would seem to me that quantum computers/processors could efficiently solve these systems, but retrieving the results may be problematic. I have a slew of questions, please don't feel obligated to solve them all:

1a. Can QC solve these systems?

1b. Efficiently? (Qubit per DOF? Time to solve? What's the proper measure?)

1c. Is it possible to retrieve accurate results efficiently? (For example, I postulate a QC might solve the same problem 1000s of times to retrieve the solution (decoherence?). If each solve is very, very fast, it might still be more efficient than standard CPU/GPU)

2a-c. Same questions, but with D-Wave

3a. Does the amount of qubits limit the size of problem that can be solved, or is it similar to "given enough time and memory a single CPU core can solve any-size problem" ? If yes, what's the DOF/qubit scaling law?

(Sorry about formatting, on mobile)

submitted by /u/Ferentzfever
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Does frequency of sound affect how much it's "carried" by the wind?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 06:15 AM PST

I guess I should state my assumption first. If you are standing upwind of a sound in a strong wind, you can't hear it as well as if you were standing the same distance downwind. I feel like this happens, but I have no concrete proof. So a first question is: is this really the case.

If so, do higher frequency sounds get "pushed" by the wind more easily than low frequency ones? The other day I was upwind of my car and hit the door lock, and the little beep it makes was not audible to me at all, even though I was only about 5 meters away. If the sound it made had been lower, but at the same volume, would I have heard it?

submitted by /u/nojustice
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Saturday, January 28, 2017

AskScience AMA Series: I am Sapana V., a cancer biologist who now works with the State Department's Biosecurity Engagement Program. Ask Me Anything!

AskScience AMA Series: I am Sapana V., a cancer biologist who now works with the State Department's Biosecurity Engagement Program. Ask Me Anything!


AskScience AMA Series: I am Sapana V., a cancer biologist who now works with the State Department's Biosecurity Engagement Program. Ask Me Anything!

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 05:00 AM PST

Sapana V. trained as a cancer biologist specializing in inherited risk genetics for acute leukemia. She joined the State Department's Biosecurity Engagement Program (BEP) as a AAAS Science and Technology Policy Fellow in 2015. Her primary BEP responsibilities include setting priorities and implementing programs in several countries in the Middle East and North Africa region, participating in interagency meetings on biological policy issues, and managing BEP's annual budget. In January 2016, she was promoted to Acting Deputy Team Chief for BEP. Prior to joining the State Department, she was a Mirzayan Science and Technology Policy fellow and research associate at the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine where she helped develop the "Ovarian Cancers: Evolving Paradigms in Research and Care" report. She holds a Ph.D. in Cancer Biology from the University of Chicago and a B.S. in Biology and English from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

She'll be on starting at 2 PM ET (19 UT)!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Is there any physical differences in the brain with an individual with a high IQ number and an individual with an average one?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 07:34 PM PST

If there isn't any physical differences, how do you differ an individual with a high IQ and an individual with a low one?

And are these differences tied with genetics?

submitted by /u/Just_MyType
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Which is larger, the largest known star in the Universe or the largest known black hole in the Universe?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 08:02 PM PST

If tomorrow I came up with a way to algebraically solve any nth order, nonlinear differential equation, what would we be able to know that we do not now?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 04:15 PM PST

Do anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) prolong infections?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 07:51 AM PST

So my logic here is that since inflammation is the way the human body deals with pathogens, wouldn't that mean that disrupting this process (for comfort or otherwise) prolongs the infection?

For example fever exists for a reason, so why should we attempt to lower it (if it's in acceptable bounds)?

submitted by /u/JooJoona
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I just saw a post elsewhere about super-massive black holes. What is the SMALLEST mass a black hole could have? Would a single "black molecule" be theoretically possible? An atom? Could a single proton be a black hole?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 07:28 AM PST

Is poincarre recurrence/eternal return of the universe well accepted? Doesn't a continually expanding universe make it increasingly less likely with time?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 07:21 AM PST

So, I watched this incredible video by Dr Tony Padilla and Brady Haran at Numberphile (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GCf29FPM4k)

I can understand that if our universe was not continually expanding then it would eventually return to a state similar to what it is today, but in an accelerating expansion of the universe, won't all particles eventually be moving away from each other at apparently superluminal speeds? Doesn't this make poincarre recurrence impossible eventually?

Also, I know there are theories that quantum tunneling may generate a new big bang in the far future. Is this a well accepted theory?

submitted by /u/muckduck90
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Is there a temperature gradient on Mercury?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 08:16 PM PST

The hot side of Mercury is 800 degrees F, and the cold side is -290F. Could there be a narrow band of hospitable temperatures where we could do a manned landing?

submitted by /u/sockpuppet998
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Is this an old volcano near Yuba City, CA?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 12:17 AM PST

I provided the area of question in the below google maps link:

https://www.google.com/maps/@39.2633254,-121.7811932,76117m/data=!3m1!1e3

submitted by /u/WF835334
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Beyond color, what makes curly (wavy) hair structurally different to straight hair?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 08:20 PM PST

Why are volcanic erruptions causing volcanic winters even though they emit CO2?

Posted: 28 Jan 2017 02:53 AM PST

Hello, student here, dealing mainly with climatology and GIS.

Recently I've had a quarrel with a client at the shop I am working at. He denied climate change so I tried to talk to him about it. I couldn't answer the question you see in the title.

Now that I think about it I am guessing that volcanoes emit volcanic ash, sulphur dioxide and other gasses AND CO2. So the CO2 gets into the atmosphere and it does contribute to warming, but the ash cloud prevents the energy from reaching the earth. Is it correct or am I confusing something here?

Also, another question of his wnich confused me was about the CO2 effect on warming. He said that the if the CO2 blocks radiation, then it should also block incoming radiation from sun. So it would block some of incoming radiation, and some of the earth's radiation and it should even out. I know that's not the case, but my courses don't teach ANY physics, even those dealing with climatology and climate change, so my understanding of these issues is very poor considering I am a student related to the subject. But I want to learn :( I did try to get a grasp of some basic university level physics on my own (tho failed miserably at that), so I would love you to provide a reasonably detailed explaination. I'd like to know what happens, how and why. I would gladly be also directed to any articles that deal with this issue.

In advance, thanks for help :)

submitted by /u/no_idea_help
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Are the protons and neutrons of a given element always packed in the same configuration?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 05:57 PM PST

Take a Carbon-12 atom, for instance. It has 6 protons and 6 neutrons which are, presumably, held together in some configuration by the nuclear force. I imagine them being stacked together like the bouncy balls in the big cage in the toy section at the super center.

Is the stacked configuration always the same for every atom of C12, can it vary from one to the next, do we not have the technology to discern, or does it simply not make sense to think of nucleons as physically round objects nestled together like bouncy balls?

submitted by /u/mb3581
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What is the relationship between blood sugar and appetite, if any?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 04:48 PM PST

So far I've found this, but the sample size is tiny and very specific (eight males ages 19-40) for such a broad topic, and their definition of appetite seemed rather ill-defined ("visual analog scale"? couldn't find a supplemental doc or anything that clarified further).

submitted by /u/Nimzowizard
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How are lightsails propelled if photons are traditionally said to have zero mass?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 07:21 AM PST

In a vacuum, how does light propel a lightsail if it has zero mass? Does F = ma in this case?

submitted by /u/Wowliam
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Friday, January 27, 2017

Is it in any way possible to reverse a black hole?

Is it in any way possible to reverse a black hole?


Is it in any way possible to reverse a black hole?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 10:04 AM PST

Would it be possible to remove mass from a black hole, making the gravititional pull too weak to "maintain" a singulariry? What would happen?

submitted by /u/Blackbabygsus
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How do I use a fair 6-sided die to generate a random number from 1 to 100, with each outcome occurring with the same probability?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 12:08 PM PST

Does reflection actually happen only at the surface of a material or is there some penetration depth from which light can still scatter back?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 01:56 PM PST

Hi,

say an air/silicon interface is irradiated with a laser. Some light is transmitted, some is reflected. Is the reflection only happening from the first row of atoms? Or is there some penetration depth from which the light can still find its way back? And if the latter is the case, how big is it? And does it still preserve the same angle as the light that is scattered back from the first row of atoms? What's going on exactly? (PhD student asking)

Thanks!

submitted by /u/nonicknamefornic
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Are the insect specimen's trapped inside amber hard or soft?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 05:26 AM PST

I'm just wondering if the items trapped in amber get mineralized too.

submitted by /u/x_BryGuy_x
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Differentiating Magnetic Potential to get Magnetic Field?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 04:09 AM PST

Hi all!

I am trying to find the magnetic field of the earth. I found a doc with the link below, and am reffering to the last slide on page 3.

http://rallen.berkeley.edu/eps122/lectures/L05.pdf

First off, I am confused with what magnetic potential is. I am also confused on the difference between H and B with regards to magnetic forces and flux.

Could you help me explain how differentiating the magnetic potential yields a magnetic field. Ie the conceptual understanding behind it.

THANKS!

submitted by /u/Jordanoer
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How much progress has been made in identifying the "missing" carbon sink in the last few years?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 10:48 AM PST

I remember from an undergraduate ecology course I took in 2012 that there is an apparent deficit between projected and measured CO₂ levels in the atmosphere and oceans.

As I understand it, these projections were based on known and predicted amounts of CO₂ emissions from both anthropogenic and nonanthropogenic means as well as projected and measured rates of sequestration into terrestrial and oceanic carbon sinks, but if I recall correctly the difference between projected and measured values was massive and getting larger by the year (without any adjustment to the models).

I mean, I assume it's not just one thing. Speculating as a grad student in biochemistry (and probably over-simplifying), I wonder if it's not a Le Chatelier-like effect shifting the rate of biotic and abiotic sequestration reactions as the concentration of free CO₂/HCO₃⁻ goes up (or, alternately, an allosteric mechanism), but I assume people who specialize in that field have made efforts to account for that already.

I also remember that the Duke Forest experiment showed higher rates of carbon sequestration in a high CO₂ environment but that the soil may have been approaching limiting nitrogen conditions before the experiment was terminated.

I shouldn't need to say this, but on the off-chance this makes it to /r/all, I'm not a climate change denier. I'm just interested in how far a field outside my expertise has come in improving its models, projections and measurements (and no, this isn't homework).

submitted by /u/Ignaddio
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Little Boy v Fat Man: why were different cores used?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 02:36 PM PST

LB was a uranium bomb and FM was a plutonium bomb. Why wasn't the same design used for both drops?

submitted by /u/thesickcardy
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How do you find the radius of an atomic nucleus?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 11:30 PM PST

Why the does relative stiffnesses of the members of a frame affect the shape of the moment diagrams?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 08:19 PM PST

Or, why does relative stiffness affect the moments in statically indeterminate structures but not statically determinant ones?

submitted by /u/baldemy
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How do Scientists know how fossils are related?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 03:01 PM PST

Hello, Ok so I go to a Christian school (i'm not here to debate God). I am an Evolutionary Creationist, and my friend is a young earth creationist. He told me scientists don't know even if the fossils are related (I showed him a picture of the evolution of a whale). So besides the looks of the fossils, how else do they know if they are related?

https://evolvingplanet.files.wordpress.com/2014/05/whaleevolution-kmonoyios.gif

submitted by /u/DarkX126
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How can ions with a negative charge of 2 or more exist?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 06:27 AM PST

I would assume that any given electron would just get repelled from the nucleus/molecule, even into a vacuum of space as a free electron. What makes the electron overcome the repulsive electro magnetic force, and allow such ions to be stable for longer than an instant?

submitted by /u/empire314
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Why don't dimensionless elementary particles emit Hawking radiation?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 04:51 AM PST

They do have a Schwarzschild radius larger than the Planck length, and their size is technically under that radius.

submitted by /u/Nergaal
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What lasting implications could Trump's boarder wall have on the ecosystems on the US/Mexico boarder?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 02:44 PM PST

Relationship between two properties of energy?

Posted: 27 Jan 2017 03:39 AM PST

So energy is the conserved quantity you get from continuous time-translation symmetry. Minimizing it is also the condition for a state being stable. Is there some relationship between these, or is it purely a coincidence that they happen to be the same quantity?

submitted by /u/redalephnull
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Can charge be represented in terms of mass, length, and/or time?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 05:36 PM PST

My professor said all quantities/measurements can be expressed in units of mass, length, and/or time. In SI units, then everything can be denoted by a particular combination of kilograms, metres, and seconds. But I am wondering how one can express charge (e.g. 1 Coulomb) in terms of these 3 "fundamental" units. As far as I can tell based on basic dimensional analysis, it is not possible. The only other trivial conversion is to say 1 C = 1 A x 1 s, but this does not exactly back up my professor's claim. Thus I was wondering if perhaps I misinterpreted my professor or if charge can really be expressed in the above 3 units.

submitted by /u/CallMeDoc24
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In 2011 Michio Kaku's Physics of the Future talked about Laser Isotope Separation for enriched uranium and the lower bar to nuclear weapons this afforded to developing nations. Is it any closer to fruition half a decade later?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 04:03 PM PST

Why is there no electric field within a conductor?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 11:55 AM PST

Is there any correlation between how quickly eyesight deteriorates as humans age and how soon they die?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 05:21 AM PST

Presbyopia (farsightedness due to loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye) is, from what I know, unavoidable as humans age. Is there any data that shows a correlation between how quickly presbyopia sets in and at what age you die?

submitted by /u/mikehipp
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When Siri transmits speech from a phone to a data center for speech recognition, is that speech encoded the same as a mobile phone call, or is it encoded in higher fidelity?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 11:39 AM PST

Also Google Speech Recognition API, Alexa, etc.

submitted by /u/xaplexus
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What if there was more anti matter than matter after the Big Bang? Would we be living in a similar world made of anti matter? Or would there be nothing

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 10:07 AM PST

If you pour equal amounts of hot and cold water in a container, would the resulting mixture be the exact median of the two temperatures?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 06:14 AM PST

Or would one overpower the other? And can someone explain the reasoning behind it?

submitted by /u/Dave_Childs
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Can an autopsy of a fetus differentiate between a medically induced abortion and a miscarriage?

Posted: 26 Jan 2017 09:06 PM PST

Having done some research on medically induced abortions, I discovered the that most common first trimester abortions are performed with the assistance of: Mifepristone and Misoprostol. However what I was unable to determine, or see any papers published on, is a first trimester abortion medically differentiable from a miscarriage.

I found this on the half life of Mifepristone: elimination of mifepristone is slow at first (50% eliminated between 12 and 72 hours) and then becomes more rapid with a terminal elimination half-life of 18 hours." Source here

I assume this means that blood work or something else would be able to detect the presence of the abortion medication in the mother, if blood work is taken within 72ish hours?

This question was inspired by a facebook conversation in which there was a claim made that this was possible.

submitted by /u/ImpactStrafe
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