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Saturday, September 3, 2016

What is the current status on research around the millennium prize problems? Which problem is most likely to be solved next?

What is the current status on research around the millennium prize problems? Which problem is most likely to be solved next?


What is the current status on research around the millennium prize problems? Which problem is most likely to be solved next?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 06:55 PM PDT

How do spiders build webs between 2 poles, with no where to hang from above?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 08:11 PM PDT

From what I understand, we have a lot of trouble surgically reconnecting nerves. That being the case, how do transplants work? If we can't really reconnect nerves, how does the transplanted tissue function?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 04:58 PM PDT

Is a man with XYY Syndrome more likely to have sons?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 03:40 PM PDT

It is my understanding that a man has a 50/50 chance of having a son or a daughter depending on if the sperm that reaches his partners egg is "male or female" (carrying the X chromosome or the Y chromosome). If a man has an abnormal XYY sex chromosome are his sperm cells more likely to carry the Y chromosome as well?

submitted by /u/somebub
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What would happen if you passed High Voltage through water under pressure high enough to prevent the formation of gaseous water?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 07:45 PM PDT

And by high voltage, I mean beyond the dieletric breakdown threshold for water.

At sufficient voltage, current, and heat, the electrons are stripped away from their respective molecules/atoms, forming a plasma, but I'm curious as to what would happen if the system were at a pressure high enough to prevent the formation of gaseous states?

submitted by /u/NoHahForACrudite
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Why is viscosity sometimes expressed in "Pa" and sometimes in "Pa*s", and how to convert?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 09:02 PM PDT

Hello,

I am doing a literature review on viscosity of a certain material (in biology).

Most of the papers I have found report the values in Pa*s which is fine since I can understand it and convert it to cP.

However, some papers report viscosity in "Pa". How could I make it comparable to the rest of the papers?

thanks

submitted by /u/loumpagko
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Is it possible to create an element that has only neutrons?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 11:30 PM PDT

Over the past hundred years, scientists have been synthetically creating elements that doesn't exist in nature. Thus, is it possible for us to create an element with a atomic number of zero?

submitted by /u/xReivax
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Why is the South Pole colder than the North Pole?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 06:37 PM PDT

What is the current state of the Zika Virus? How much progress have we made in the fight against it and how different would this epidemic looked 40 years ago when we had inferior technology and research methods?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 04:29 PM PDT

Why do companies use celebrity voices to sell me things like medication? Is there any science to support the idea that it makes the ads more effective?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 05:00 PM PDT

How much is penis size determined by genetics, and to what degree is it influenced by other factors?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 04:19 PM PDT

If we could come up with a strongly testosterogenic diet during adolescence could we push the limits of genetic dong size? And conversely, are all the oestrogen analogues we're exposed to shrinking our schlongs as much as our sperm counts?

submitted by /u/sluttyspongebob
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What does the female hormone cycle look like before menstruation (I mean before menstruation starts altogether, not before it starts within a monthly cycle)?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 03:17 PM PDT

I've google searched for graphs/articles to no avail. All the charts show the cycle after menstraution begins, or of levels from age from birth to death, which is too zoomed out to see what a level cycle looks like before menstruation :/

If it helps for why I'd like to know, I'm interested in how the female cycle functions before menstraution compared to after, because I'm considering cycling my hormones, as I am transgender, and doctors have normally only prescribed flat rate doses, which does absolutely nothing to mirror the genetic female hormone cycle and perhaps is a contributing or even primary factor for why transgender women achieve less feminization in comparison to genetic women (i realize age is probably the primary factor, but i can't rule this out--in fact i could have a chance at more hip growth because I am 22, and pubic symphisis usually closes around age 18-20s and ive always been a late bloomer with male puberty so I am obviously being hopeful with this).

submitted by /u/HylicismIsReigning
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Has Elysium Health actually created a viable anti-aging pill or are they just snake oil-sales people?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 11:29 AM PDT

They claim to have done amazing things in mice, but does that mean they can do it for humans. They have so many high profile people on their team in the scientific community.

http://elysiumhealth.com is the site. I looked through their team slides too.

I'm just super doubtful though. If they've actually done this, then it's earth-shattering.

Thanks for taking a look at this.

submitted by /u/kumarovski
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Would it be important to prove or disprove Goldbach's conjecture other than for the sake of knowing if it's true? Would it have wider important repercussions for the state of mathematical knowledge overall?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 01:50 PM PDT

A calorie is defined by the ammount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 ml of water by 1 degree, but doesnt it take a different ammount of energy depending on the water's current temperature?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 05:09 PM PDT

For example, doesnt it take much more energy to raise 1 ml of water's temperature by 1 degree when its 90 degrees than when its 5 degrees?

submitted by /u/sourc3original
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How much pollution did nuclear weapon testing cause?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 01:17 PM PDT

There has been 2482 nuclear test bombs detonated, how much pollution has this caused, and how much of an impact has it had on the climate and atmosphere?

submitted by /u/Walkingtogetbetter
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What would a 4-dimensional axis look like?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 06:39 PM PDT

We can draw a 3D axis on a 2D plane and comprehend what is meant, but what would a 4D axis look like (in 2D or 3D)?

submitted by /u/MilesRenatus
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Why are Giants in a relatively discrete clump on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram rather than evenly distributed across the top of the Main Sequence like Supergiants?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 10:36 AM PDT

How is the rate of expansion of space expressed, and is there any theoretical limit on that rate?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 12:44 PM PDT

I have seen it noted elsewhere that the expansion of space is not measured as distance/time (i.e., velocity), but simply as 1/time. Is this correct, and, if so, what does that mean? Does this just mean that space expands by a certain percentage per unit time?

Also, is there a theoretical limit to the rate of expansion?

submitted by /u/Me_of_Little_Faith
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In crossing over during prophase I of meiosis, is the amount of DNA that is swapped equal between the two chromosomes?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 08:12 PM PDT

What makes a "flat" universe a perfect universe?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 07:03 PM PDT

I've been reading A Universe From Nothing By Lawrence Krauss and he mentions that a flat universe is a cosmologist's dream. So if someone could ever so nicely break this down Barney-style it would be much appreciated.

submitted by /u/b_jackrabbitslim
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Friday, September 2, 2016

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Carin Bondar with all you ever wanted to know about animal mating and my book, "Wild Sex". Ask Me Anything!

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Carin Bondar with all you ever wanted to know about animal mating and my book, "Wild Sex". Ask Me Anything!


AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Carin Bondar with all you ever wanted to know about animal mating and my book, "Wild Sex". Ask Me Anything!

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 05:00 AM PDT

Dr. Carin Bondar is the author of Wild Sex: The Science Behind Mating in the Animal Kingdom, just published Pegasus Books. She received a PhD in population ecology from the University of British Columbia and has since hosted a variety of online and television programs, working with Scientific American, National Geographic Wild and the Science Channel. She is currently the lead presenter on Discovery World's "Brave New World with Stephen Hawking"and a featured presenter on all four seasons of "Outrageous Acts of Science" (Discovery, Science Channel). Her independent web series "Wild Sex" has engaged over 55 million viewers and was the subject of a presentation given at TED Global in Edinburgh in 2013 which received over 2.3 million views. She lives in British Columbia, Canada.

I'll be on around 4 PM EDT (21 UT), ask me anything!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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The Saturn V Rocket is called the most powerful engine in history, with 7.6 million pounds of thrust. How can this number be converted into, say, horsepower or megawatts? What can we compare the power of the rocket to?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 02:48 PM PDT

What actually causes Scintillating Scotomas, and why do only some people suffer with them?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 01:37 AM PDT

Are there non-negligible losses to the earth's ecosystem when harvesting energy from natural processes?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 11:33 PM PDT

Earlier I asked this question in response to a Futurology post about Iowa's recent commitment to 100% renewable energy, and thought I'd re-phrase it for /r/askscience since there seemed to be some interest:

[notice: this is a speculative question only] Given the processes of "harvesting" energy from "renewable" sources (such as wind, hydro-electric, solar, geo-thermal, tidal, etc) involves collecting mechanical or chemical potential energy their respective systems, do the amounts of potential energy we currently or could possibly harvest from them have a negligible impact on their respective systems? In other words; does the mass harvesting of wind energy effect global weather patterns? does it effect local weather patterns? Does it slow the travel of ground level air enough to have a measurable impact? Does the collection of tidal energy slow the slop of the ocean enough to effect tides? Does the collection of solar on a large scale actually cool the planet by collecting and reflecting solar energy before it has an opportunity to heat up the environment?

I apologize ahead of time if the questions I ask have already been answered and disputed, or are completely irrelevant given the available energy options we have. I am not an environmental science and dont understand the numbers, however I do know enough physics to understand that the energy must come from somewhere (mechanical, chemical) and means a net loss from the harvested system, never-mind the losses in transferring energy from one state to another.

submitted by /u/deceptiveconsumption
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Is it possible (or are we able) to isolate cytosol from a cell or group of cells?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 10:48 PM PDT

Has there been any observed (repeated preferred) differences in patterns of behaviors of (any) sea creatures before, during, or after tropical weather?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 07:38 PM PDT

Is there a link between mythological constructions and prehistorical interactions between homo sapiens and extinct species (other homo species or extinct megafauna)?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 08:38 PM PDT

To give an example, creatures akin to ogres and trolls exist in the same geographic areas as Neanderthals and other homo species. Could our mythologies and stories about trolls and ogres actually be a collective sociological memory of our species? Is there any theories akin to this or is this just silly?

submitted by /u/blameitontheboogy
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How could math change in the next 100 years?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 01:06 PM PDT

What new things might we discover in math? Could we start to use a different logarithm to everything that makes everything easier?

submitted by /u/WritersGift
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Does NASA (or another group) have an official first contact protocol?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 06:58 PM PDT

If there is such a thing then does it have a tiered response for the type of contact? Something like "If a radio signal was received do X", "If a verified observation occurs do Y, etc.

submitted by /u/bonez656
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Is it possible that there are repulsive forces that only operate at very large distances?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 05:42 PM PDT

I know there are forces that only become noticeable at very short distances.

Is it possible that there are forces that are only noticeable at very large distances that could counteract gravity and account for the expansion of the universe?

submitted by /u/CruiserU171
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How does a polymer such as nylon behave when placed in boiling water?

Posted: 02 Sep 2016 03:23 AM PDT

When it comes to alkalines, it's generally known that most of them have very low heat resistance, with melting points around 200 degrees C. Water boils at around 100 degrees C, so in theory there should be no structural damage to a piece of nylon fiber, right? That is, there wont be an excessive amount of nylon strands left in the water after the nylon piece is removed.

I am asking this because my mother is very sceptical to the usage of plastic in direct contact with food / drink, especially when there is heating involved. A good example would be tea stored in teabags made out of nylon-like material instead of paper.

Also as a bonus question: What kind of effects would the consumption of plastic have on the human body? (Short and long-term)

submitted by /u/Bryyyysen
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Can patients diagnosed with serious psychopathologies (i.e. schyzophrenia) lose their pathological traits after a brain trauma, coma or amnesia?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 01:18 PM PDT

Are there any biocompatible polymers that degrade at a slightly basic pH (around 8 or 9) but do not degrade at physiological pH (7.4) ?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 09:28 PM PDT

How many structural isomers exist for an alkane with N carbon atoms?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 08:27 PM PDT

Does such a formula exist? What if we consider optical isomers for higher-order alkanes?

submitted by /u/BackburnerPyro
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Are there any animals who see heat radiation?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 04:17 PM PDT

Given heatwaves, just as light, are e/m-radiation (infra-red) it's surprising humans cannot see them.

It's a great perk both for the prey and for the hunters. You can see the lion hiding in the bush and can sense which of the holes in the ground are inhabited and which are not. And yet human hunters (including army and police) have to rely on special cameras to extend their visible spectrum.

Has their sight been nerfed along with their smell, fur and fangs because they were too op or is it a hardcoded cap in the spectrum, i.e. not a thing with any other animal as well?

submitted by /u/republic_of_salo
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Thursday, September 1, 2016

AskScience AMA Series: I am the co-founder of iNaturalist, an online social network for sharing biodiversity information. Ask Me Anything!

AskScience AMA Series: I am the co-founder of iNaturalist, an online social network for sharing biodiversity information. Ask Me Anything!


AskScience AMA Series: I am the co-founder of iNaturalist, an online social network for sharing biodiversity information. Ask Me Anything!

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 05:00 AM PDT

iNaturalist is an online social network of people sharing biodiversity information to help each other learn about nature. It's also a crowdsourced species identification system and an organism occurrence recording tool. You can use it to record your own observations, get help with identifications, collaborate with others to collect this kind of information for a common purpose, or access the observational data collected by iNaturalist users. If you have any questions about iNaturalist or the state of natural history on the Internet, iNat co-founder Ken-ichi Ueda will be fielding questions around noon EDT (17 UT). AMA!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Why are electromagnetic waves depicted as moving "up and down"? Why don't photons go in a complete straight line?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 07:03 PM PDT

Let's say I shoot a single photon from A to B in a long box where the wavelength is larger than the box. Does this mean the photon crashes into the walls of the box? If it wobbles like that, what causes it to go back to it's original path after it's changed path to follow the "wave"?

submitted by /u/Towerss
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Do radioactive material decay at the same rate regardless of gravity?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 05:02 AM PDT

If gravity distorts time would it effect the rate of radioactive decay of a material width in a field of gravity. Ex uranium taking longer to decay on earth then the moon.

submitted by /u/omgwtfidk89
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Will drilling through a neodynium magnet cause it to lose its magnetism?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 04:29 AM PDT

I'm making something with some of these and need to drill through them. Also, are there precautions to take (other than standard safety) when dealing with these metals?

submitted by /u/TheAKofClubs
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Can photons move slower than the speed of light when near a black hole?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 04:46 AM PDT

We know photons always move at the speed of light.

However my theory is that when a black hole is made there is a point where 1 photon is still going away from the black hole and the other one will be sucked in by the black hole. So the last photon was moving away from the black hole but the force of gravity massively increases and the photon will be forced to go in the direction of the black hole.

What if all forces on that photon pull it the exact same amount which means there is no side besides up or down to which the photon can move. The black hole pulls harder than the rest of the sides of the photon which means the photon can't bend in any direction. The photon will then be forced to slow down to 0 and then ramp up again to the speed of ligh towards the black hole.

I hope you can understand me as this is quite hard to explain for me since i'm not natively english.

submitted by /u/k0enf0rNL
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If light is a subatomic particle can you make it a liquid? If so, would it be similar to the theoretical kugelblitz?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 06:11 PM PDT

If quantum particles are waves, why do they make tracks in detectors as if they were point particles?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 04:15 AM PDT

I imagine the wavefunctions of particles created in collisions or decay have some sort of spread. Therefore I'd expect that when the wave reaches a detector it should excite atoms in the detector in a spread out area, if that makes any sense.

Why instead are the particles always detected at a series of points on a straight line, in for example bubble chambers, LHC, etc?

Only thing I can think of is the first detection of the particle collapses the wavefunction to that point. But then the information about the original velocity is lost and it should start spreading in all directions. So the series of detections should not be all on a straight line.

submitted by /u/JimPlushie
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Why do multiples of 9, always come back to 9 when their digits are added together?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 11:31 PM PDT

Sorry I could have probably worded the title better.

I remember my second grade teacher taught me this but never explained why she just said it was a a magic number lol.

Example:

9*2=18, 1+8=9

9*3=27, 2+7=9

9*4=36, 3+6=9

etc, etc, etc.....,

Of course there are many interesting recurrences with small number and wen we learned our multiplication tables as kids, but this trend seems to stay the same even as the number you multiply by 9 increase. Even with random numbers in the tens and hundreds similar pattern.

Example

9*53=477, 4+7+7=18, 1+8=9

9*87=783, 7+8+3=18, 1+8=9

9*681=6129, 6+1+2+9=18, 1+8=9

9*217=1953, 1+9+5+3=18, 1+8=9

Now I've only used positive integers, haven't even looked into negatives, nor decimals, nor any other parameters so to speak. Are there any exceptions doing this with positive integers? And why does this work? This is a smart sub and I'm sure the answer is simple but I've just always been curious about it. I'll try a few more larger random numbers with greater number of digits.

9*876,257=7,886,313 :

7+8+8+6+3+1+3=36, 3+6=9

One more even larger number

9*12,345,678=111,111,102 :

1+1+1+1+1+1+1+0+2=9

Are there any other weird happenstances like this? if so please elaborate...

submitted by /u/Trick502
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Could virtual particles turn out to be just mathematical fictions, a bit like epicycles?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 06:36 PM PDT

Will particle-antiparticle annihilation create gravitons?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 03:25 AM PDT

Usually, we are told that when a particle and antiparticle annihilate, they produce photons, and the higher the mass, the greater the frequency of the photons.

The quantum of gravitational waves is a graviton, and the only difference I know between graviton and photons is that the former has spin 2 and latter spin 0 boson. Both are massless, so both travel at the speed of light.

Has there been any investigation on this topic, or is it even worth investigation (in the highly likely case that my question is completely wrong)? Or do we need a QM theory of gravity before we can even begin to consider such a question? Are there any approximate Quantum Gravity theories (parallel of "old quantum theory" of light-matter interaction) that deal with this issue?

submitted by /u/attofreak
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Is it possible to for a random number generator (using all real numbers) to generate an integer?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 02:50 PM PDT

So I've been thinking about random number selection, and came upon this idea. If you were to generate a random number (doesn't have to be an integer) between 1 and 10, wouldn't the chance of the number selected being an integer be 0, because there are a finite number of integers between 1 and 10? And, following the same logic wouldn't there be no chance of the number being anything other than a never-ending decimal? It makes sense to me, but seems odd at the same time and I'm wondering if I have made a mistake with my logic.

submitted by /u/frantic_candle
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How precisely is it possible to measure spacetime curvature?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 07:58 PM PDT

Is there a fundamental uncertainty principle like the one in quantum mechanics? If so, what's the variable conjugate to the curvature? Edit: I'm sorry, I wasn't clear, I meant measuring the local curvature of spacetime due to some matter nearby. Not the large scale curvature of the universe.

submitted by /u/TheConstipatedPepsi
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How quickly can the human body gain weight?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 08:37 PM PDT

Could someone consume enough calories and turn that energy into fat quickly enough to Pop? (to some degree or another)

submitted by /u/pewpewbrrrrrrt
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When I pour a glass of water really full, it can fill above the rim of the glass, would this happen on a planet with a much stronger or lighter, gravitational force?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 08:46 PM PDT

I believe the water goes above the rim due to surface tension, but could this happen with different forces of gravity??

submitted by /u/Vossely
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What does serotonin do in the gut, why is it there and how closely related is it to the serotonin in brain?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 01:54 PM PDT

How do transistors work?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 02:18 PM PDT

I'm curious about how they work and how a computer can read those operations

submitted by /u/ilkeryapici
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Why the same thermos can keep the drink cold for 24 hrs but the hot drink for only 6 hrs?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 08:39 PM PDT

How many possibilities are there to arrange these objects?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 01:56 AM PDT

Assuming I have three of A, one of B and one of C, how many possibilities are there to arrange these five objects and is it possible to calculate the number or do I have to make a list and count them? How would more objects (e.g. 4xA 2xB 3xC 1xD) change it. I know how to calculate the number of possiblities if there are no multiple of one object (5 different objects => 5!=120 possiblities to arrange them). I'd rather not make a list because I'm pretty sure I will forget at least one possibility.

I hope you understood my question and are able to help me with my problem.

submitted by /u/yukkiyuk98
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Drilling a hole through a planet and the gravitational effect on an object thrown into the hole. What would happen?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 07:46 AM PDT

Let's say we would be on a planet with a solid, cool core and we would drill a hole straight through the planet, perfectly through the core. So we have a hole through the planet, starting at the north pole and coming out at the south pole. Now, what would happen with an object that we throw into one of the starting points? Would it stop falling right at the core or what would actually happen?

submitted by /u/Lexalot_FUM
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If an electric current flowing through a coiled wire creates a magnetic field, does coiling a magnetic field produce anything?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 06:48 AM PDT

This might sound a bit confusing. but imagine coiling copper wire around a flexible tube (which would produce a magnetic field when a current passes through), then coil the flexible tube around another tube. Does anything happen?

submitted by /u/Override9636
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A diet Lipton Iced Tea has zero calories. I know there are *things* in it, hence "energy," so how can there be zero calories?

Posted: 31 Aug 2016 07:42 PM PDT

How fast does a nuclear bomb ignite?

Posted: 01 Sep 2016 04:19 AM PDT

When critical mass is reached, how long does it take for the bomb to actually explode, let's say till it destroys the casing. Does it build a few seconds or does it all happen in micro seconds?

submitted by /u/SNHC
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