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Tuesday, July 19, 2016

If somebody across from me on a large field shot a gun while holding a walkie talkie with the speak button on, would you hear the sound first on the walkie talkie or from the sound itself?

If somebody across from me on a large field shot a gun while holding a walkie talkie with the speak button on, would you hear the sound first on the walkie talkie or from the sound itself?


If somebody across from me on a large field shot a gun while holding a walkie talkie with the speak button on, would you hear the sound first on the walkie talkie or from the sound itself?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 01:58 AM PDT

So it was sports day yesterday at the school I volunteer at and I had this thought while watching the races getting started on the other side of the track.

If a race was started with the starting button and the person with the start gun was holding a walkie talkie (radio) with the speak button activated, would I hear the sound first, or the projection of sound coming from the radio I was holding?

I know nothing about waves and frequencies so I'm sorry if this is a dumb question. I'm training to be a music teacher so it isn't really my forte.

submitted by /u/DCFC3112
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Why is it that human brains are able to "auto-pilot" certain commands, such as play the piano, video games, sports etc... But when we start to think about it, we completely lose rhythm?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 06:38 AM PDT

Do lucid dreamers have a better chance of waking up from a coma?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:14 AM PDT

How does a fan cool down a room?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 02:09 AM PDT

like i understand how a ceiling fan can push hot air where you want i (heat rises etc.) but how does a desk fan which simply circulates air make a room feel colder? does it? is this just an illusion?

submitted by /u/Cheesmanjc
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Do light particles weigh anything?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 01:26 AM PDT

If they do, does a collective of particles exert a strong enough force to push an object. How much of a force does our sun exert on humans?

submitted by /u/InfoNazi
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When was it known that Jupiter was a gas giant? What did scientists think it might be like before then?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 05:31 AM PDT

I'm guessing it was known for longer than I would expect that Jupiter was large and light for its size. Gas giants are so different from earth, though, I figure classical scientists might not have had it figured out. When did science figure it out? Who did? What were some older theories (based in science, not mythology)?

submitted by /u/inlinefourpower
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What does the electric field for an electron "look like" in quantum mechanics?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 09:10 PM PDT

I think I have a fairly decent layman's/conceptual understanding of QM. One thing I don't yet understand is the interaction of fields and particle positions. Classically, the electric field produced by an electron is described as vector field where each vector points at the electron, and each vector's length is inversely proportional to the square of its distance from the particle. OTOH, QM says a particle doesn't have a definite position, and instead describes the particle as a function that maps each position in space to the probability that the particle exists at that position.

Given that, how does QM describe the electric field produced by an electron, since the electron's position is indefinite? Given the wavefunction for an electron, in which direction do the field's vectors point? Is the field's value at any given point in space actually a function mapping every possible vector to a probability (analogous to the wavefunction mapping every position to a probability)? Or is it a single vector, sort of a weighted average across all the possible positions for the electron?

Follow up question: How does a particle's wavefunction interact with a field? Is the entire wavefunction of the particle deformed by the field? E.g. if we pretend the wavefunction is bread dough spread out on a counter, then the field would be a baker pushing/pulling the dough around on the counter, creating heaps and valleys (areas of higher/lower probability). Then, could wavefunction collapse be understood as some sort of process that causes the field to be deformed into something close to a Dirac delta function?

Thanks for any answers you might have!

submitted by /u/sch1phol
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Why does Dyslexia exist?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 09:44 PM PDT

Preface: I'm not saying dyslexia doesn't exist, I'm asking about how it does.

Humans have only had written language for a very short period of time and literacy has only just recently become widespread in the past few centuries. How is it that there is a hereditary literacy disability? Does dyslexia have geographical or genetic group of origin like say, cystic fibrosis.

submitted by /u/READERmii
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How does Google know my location even when I am using a laptop or a device with no GPS?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 07:16 AM PDT

I have been wondering everytime I open my browser with location services enabled, it knows my location with a high accuracy. How does it manage that?

I know my IP address plays a part but, I am sure you cannot just know exactly where I am using my IP address.Thanks in advance ya'll.

submitted by /u/iLackLogik
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What dictates the throttle ranges of rocket engines?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 09:55 AM PDT

I was reading a controls paper that was modeling the Apollo LM lander, and it mentions on Page 14 that "The [LM] engine was not throttleable in the range from 60% to 90%." Does anyone know why at this specific range?

I thought that throttleability was usually based on a lower-bound, like 20% to 100%, where you can't throttle below 20% because the engine will flame-out. But this implies that you can throttle on either side of that range, just not within it.

submitted by /u/raddy13
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What does your skin use to detect temperature changes?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 03:44 AM PDT

The only difference between hot and cold objects to my knowledge is that the atoms/molecules inside the object are moving slower when it's cold and faster when it's hot. How does our skin detect the change in speed of something so small, or is there something I'm missing?

submitted by /u/mrgreencannabis
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How will a curveball behave in vacuum?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 03:09 AM PDT

Is it possible to throw a ball that will have a modified trajectory based on its angular momentum in a vacuum? Is the curving only due to air pressure?

All the answers I found online indicate that it will not work in vacuum, but wouldn't it be the same principle as a gyroscope? An angular momentum vector that acts on the trajectory?

submitted by /u/Mephisto6
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Will a morbidly obese mother birth an obese child, and if so, can it be prevented by switching diets?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 11:27 PM PDT

Additionally, would switching diets be dangerous for the mother? I'd understand if going from an extremely fat-rich diet for years to a nearly fat-free diet would be dangerous. And maybe one last thing, would a C-section still be possible, with all the excess fat on the belly?

submitted by /u/Sabreling
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A question about the effects of gravity on small objects in space?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 02:58 AM PDT

So let's assume that we have several household objects of varying size and density and we are observing them in the vacuum of outer space.

Would the more massive objects show any signs of having gravity? Would the less dense objects begin to be attracted to the denser ones like it happens with stars/planets/everything else in space?

I have an image in my mind of these objects sort of bunching together around the densest of them, in a similar way to how planets were initially formed from particles and other bodies of rock/ice etc.

TL;DR: Do objects with mass create gravity regardless of their size? Would a bowling ball attract marbles in a vacuum as a result of its own (minuscule) gravity?

submitted by /u/BlackKnightGlaive
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[Physics] Why isn't Lithium used instead of Uranium in fission reactors?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 06:19 AM PDT

I was looking at the binding energy curve per nucleon the other day on a whim and noticed that it seemed like not only was the binding energy for Lithium was lower than Uranium, but its release of energy would be higher than Uranium (eyeballing a ∆E~1.7 MeV for Lithium vs ∆E~1 MeV for Uranium using the graph on this page for reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_binding_energy). That being said, why is it Uranium was chosen over something like Lithium, which I'm guessing is probably more abundant as well.

submitted by /u/TRMac_Attack
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A few math questions based off Fermat's last theorem?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 04:00 PM PDT

Hi Askscience, I was watching a documentary on Fermat's Theorem and it stated that it has been shown that:

 

an=bn+cn

 

has no solution where n is greater than 2. However, by doing a little guess and check I found that by adding a 3rd base term that the equation becomes solvable for n=3 or in generic terms:

 

an=bn+cn+dn

 

with the simplest solution being:

 

63=53+43+33

 

My question is this also solvable for n=4? If not does adding another term alleviate this problem? And then if that's true does the number of base terms needed to solve the equation for exponent (n) equal to the n you are looking for e.g. n=4 means you need 4 terms on the right hand side. Is there any use for this in mathematics? Thanks!

submitted by /u/PM_ME_FIT_TITS
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Why does the digital root of every multiple of *n*-1 equal *n*-1 when working in base *n*?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 01:11 AM PDT

[Physics] How was it discovered that crystals have a lattice formation?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 02:22 PM PDT

How and why does temperature affect the resistivity of metal wires?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 09:09 PM PDT

Does such an element, which would go from gaseous state to solid as the temperature rises, exist?

Posted: 19 Jul 2016 02:33 AM PDT

I am wondering whether there is an element in the periodic table which would go in reverse through the three stages of matter, gas to solid, as the temperature rises?

submitted by /u/-jack
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What conditions optimize cardiovascular recovery?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:20 AM PDT

Biologically/scientifically speaking, what can one do to create the optimal conditions for cardiovascular recovery after years of bad habits, smoking, and sedentary activity (e.g. supplements like CoQ10 and L-Carnitine, dietary changes, etc.) to supplement the obvious increase in activity and smoking cessation?

submitted by /u/thoughtacademy
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What is the maximum limit for massive solid planets?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 08:34 PM PDT

So for those who don't know, massive solid planets are possible: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exoplanet#Massive_solid_planets

Since Gas planets turn into Brown dwarfs at 13 Jupiter masses, do massive solid planets (or Rock Giants) that lack hydrogen envelopes not turn into Brown dwarfs? Or do they become a strange boiling super massive ball?

submitted by /u/LeoBattlerOfSins_X84
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Why do enantiomers rotate light?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 11:40 PM PDT

What about the mirrored structure allows them to rotate light in equal but opposite degrees?

submitted by /u/yosimba2000
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Monday, July 18, 2016

How did the first human ancestor with 23 chromosomes pairs breed with 24 chromosome apes?

How did the first human ancestor with 23 chromosomes pairs breed with 24 chromosome apes?


How did the first human ancestor with 23 chromosomes pairs breed with 24 chromosome apes?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 09:52 PM PDT

Modern day humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Our ancestor apes must have had 24 pairs of chromosomes. Meaning that a mother with 24 chromosome gave birth to a 23 chromosome child. How did this 23 chromosome ape breed with its 24 chromosome pair species? Wouldn't their child have 47 chromosomes meaning its sterile? Edit: not anti-evolution, just curious Edit 2: thanks for the great responses guys! Gonna read all of them

submitted by /u/Stealth250
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Which organisms have a high ratio of mature mass to sperm+egg/seed/starting mass? Does this tell us anything useful?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 12:12 PM PDT

For example, if a human egg and sperm are ~4ug, and the average adult mass is 70kg, then the ratio for humans is ~1.75*1010. If a giant sequoia seed is 50mg, and the average grown mass is 100,000kg, then the ratio for giant sequoias is ~2*109.

My intuition is that organisms that grow larger (i.e. blue whales) and organisms with smaller "starting" mass would have a higher ratio here. Is there any significance to this, or is it just a meaningless number?

submitted by /u/blake_n
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How much do tidal forces affect volcanic and magmatic activity?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 07:34 AM PDT

For anything from Hawaii to Yellowstone, or even for similar things like oil deposits, how much does the tidal force from the moon affect them?

submitted by /u/jamiahx
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Is music finite?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 05:43 PM PDT

Like, arrangements of songs, is it finite? If so has it/can the combinations be calculated?

submitted by /u/WelcomeToAnarchy99
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You are in the round space station from 2001: A Space Odyssey. What happens if you run with the stations spin?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 10:08 PM PDT

What happens if you run opposite of the stations spin? Do you get lighter or heavier?

submitted by /u/fastovich1995
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Can a split brain hold a conversation?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 08:34 PM PDT

When the two hemispheres of the brain are split both sides have limited control over the bodies movements. Since both sides can also see could you have a split brain person sit down and let the brain communicate with itself via a keyboard or shared piece of paper?(I am assuming that both side understand writing, if not could you use pictures?)

submitted by /u/AbnormalFillet
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are gravitational waves polarized?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 07:36 AM PDT

I've read that gravitational waves are suspected to be made of gravitons that would be spin-2 and have either 2 or 5 spin states. I don't really understand all this so could someone simplify it for me?

submitted by /u/chunkylubber54
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How can we determine the curvature of the Universe while being inside of it?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 02:22 AM PDT

To describe the curvature of the Universe, wouldn't we need an external reference frame to compare with or something?

That is, if I have a poorly drawn triangle, I can only tell it is poorly drawn because of the regular, external pixel grid that supports it. Now if the pixel grid had the same shape as the triangle, I wouldn't be able to tell if the triangle really is poorly drawn.

Another example would be if the Universe was a 2D sheet of paper. Now, if I curve the sheet of paper, nothing has changed inside of my 2D Universe: distances and triangles are the same, and the observer wouldn't notice anything different ; yet the Universe has curvature now, but in an external reference frame.


My point is, how can we tell if the Universe has curvature or not, if we happen to be in a Universe similar to my sheet of paper? observing that the Universe is flat does not disprove it has curvature elsewhere.

There are surely numerous properties I'm missing in my oversimplified model of Universe. I also feel that I'm not talking about the usual curvature.

submitted by /u/bread_god
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Why is the universe so big?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 10:33 PM PDT

I know it sounds like a question a child would ask, but seriously. Is there any reason that there is so much stuff in the universe and it's so spread out?

submitted by /u/SillyFlyGuy
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If I double the mass of explosives (from 50kg to 100kg), does it double the size of the explosion?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 02:32 AM PDT

If I had a warhead that contained 50kg of explosives and has a blast radius of 100m, would doubling the explosives content result in a linear increase of the blast radius? I need to characterize the difference in blast radius between two weapon systems, but this is not my area of expertise. Thank you for your help!

submitted by /u/TOBronyITArmy
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For two objects 50 billion light years away from each other, can it be said that anything happens on them simultaneously? Is there "simultaneousness" even with time dilation, etc?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 07:35 PM PDT

[Human Body] Are the parts of our body most sensitive to pleasure also the most sensitive to pain, and vice versa?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 09:15 AM PDT

Is there a relationship between Chaos Theory and Quantum Physics?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 07:06 AM PDT

Inspired by this post.

submitted by /u/QUEestioNinator
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Why doesn't scuba gear make you breathe the same air twice?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 08:22 PM PDT

Yes I'm familiar with rebreathers but I'm not talking about that. I'm also aware of CO2 buildup and O2 depletion, but if you breathe the air you just exhaled only one more time, it shouldn't be a problem. There is still some oxygen left in your exhaled air and there isn't that much CO2 in it. If you reuse the air in your lungs just once, I think you can extend your dive by 30 or 40 percent.

submitted by /u/bryceguy72
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How does alcohol poisoning happen?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 09:26 PM PDT

Usually doesn't your body just make you throw up anymore alcohol you drink if you can't process any more? How do people digest so much alcohol without throwing up that they can get alcohol poisoning from it?

submitted by /u/WobblyHobbly
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I listen to podcasts at 1.3x speed but only notice it when the intro /outro music comes on. What is my brain doing that causes this to happen?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 01:05 PM PDT

How fast do the eyes move?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 04:47 PM PDT

Do all cosmic strings have the same mass density?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 06:40 PM PDT

Wikipedia states that a cosmic string one kilometer in length would have about the mass of Earth. I am wondering though, is this the same for all cosmic strings or is the actual linear density of a cosmic string dependent on other factors?

submitted by /u/MookVanguard
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Why do Namib Ants don't hunt in the afternoon/dark?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 10:14 PM PDT

I was watching the documentary "The Hunt" (bbc) and on one of the episodes (s1e5) they show ants in the namib habitat. They talk about how they have to keep moving in order not to die from overheating, but I didn't understand why is it that they don't hunt in the afternoon or at night, where the temperatures are lower?

EDIT: Is this considered Earth Science or Biology?

submitted by /u/remi1771
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At what pressure does touch become pain?

Posted: 18 Jul 2016 03:11 AM PDT

Does Juno experience any time dilation due to its proximity to Jupiter?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 04:14 PM PDT

Jupiter is the most massive object in our solar system aside from the sun. Does Juno experience any time dilation from being in such close proximity to it?

submitted by /u/86smopuiM
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How far back it is possible to say how many days have passed precisely since a given date before introduction of contemporary calendars? In the same vein, have all weeks since, say 900 AD, been kept continuous until today?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 12:33 PM PDT

Do we know how many days old would Thomas Aquinas be and if he died on a Tuesday?

submitted by /u/ubertrashcat
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Sunday, July 17, 2016

Does the weightlessness in space have an affect on blood circulation in astronauts?

Does the weightlessness in space have an affect on blood circulation in astronauts?


Does the weightlessness in space have an affect on blood circulation in astronauts?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 05:12 PM PDT

For example, if you (in relation to the earth) hung upside down would you feel the blood rush to your head like you do on Earth? Does the Earth's gravitational pull still effect you? Perhaps just less? Thanks for any answers!

submitted by /u/SmallManBigMouth
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Is The Universe Cooling Faster than it Expands?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 06:33 PM PDT

... is there a direct relationship between temperature and the potential complexity of system (universe)?

submitted by /u/jesusgottajones
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Why isn't the mosquito an intermediate host for HIV/AIDS? Can it be?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 03:06 PM PDT

I am reading In Praise of Wolves by R.D. Lawrence and I just learned mosquitos are an intermediate host for Dirofilaria imitis (common dog heartworm) as well as malaria and encephalitis. How does the mosquito transfer the disease? Is it through blood contact? If so, is it theoretically possible to contract HIV/AIDS from a mosquito bite if he is carrying the pathogen?

submitted by /u/vogue_ish
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Can our brain know what time it is while we're asleep?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 02:46 PM PDT

Is our biological clock aware of the solar clock?

submitted by /u/AyFamWasGoodBruh
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How can a transistor amplifier have a low input or output resistance? Like with a Common Base setup?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 05:14 AM PDT

Judging from the hybrid pi model, any connection between transistor terminals is always characterised by a high resistance (r_pi and r_o)... does that mean I can not use this model for CB? Or am I doing something wrong?

submitted by /u/Tyssy
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Two objects leave Earth at the same time for Alpha Centauri 4,37 lightyears away. The other object travels at 99,9% speed of light, and the other at 10% c. Considering time dilation, how far apart in time do they arrive?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 05:13 AM PDT

Under what circumstances is the difference between "microgravity" and "weightlessness" significant?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 08:16 AM PDT

There seems to be a significant push to stop referring to astronauts and other low earth orbit situations as being "weightless", but instead correct it to "microgravity". It seems fairly nitpicky, and I can't imagine it's terribly relevant. How am I mistaken?

submitted by /u/N8CCRG
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How does the skin on your finger heal so that your fingerprint doesn't change?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 12:26 PM PDT

A few weeks ago I cut my index finger while slicing some vegetables. After the cut healed, I saw that there wasn't any visible change to my fingerprint. The cut seemed pretty deep so I was surprised by this, hence me asking the question here.

submitted by /u/Senor_Mouse
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How to scientists determine enthalpies of fusion of salts?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 07:53 AM PDT

Doesn't seem like it's possible to account for heat absorbed and emitted at the same time.

submitted by /u/dankscene
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Is it possible for a new planet to form in our solar system?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 07:47 AM PDT

Star to Planet?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 07:10 AM PDT

I'm curious. I read somewhere that gas giants, if large enough, could eventually collapse into a small star. I want to know if the reverse can happen and a step further. Can a star lose mass somehow, become a gas giant and then condense into a terrestrial planet?

Edit: And what would it look like if it could exist?

submitted by /u/TimmyBrockz
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Is the arc of a rainbow consistent for all rainbows?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 04:29 PM PDT

Curious if they are consistent throughout nature.

submitted by /u/Snellington
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Is there a theoretical limit to the melting point of a material?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 01:14 PM PDT

Effects of electrons in high energy orbitals on molecular characteristics?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 09:25 PM PDT

The effects of electrons transitioning from lower to higher energy electron orbitals and vice versa are quite well understood, expressing as Fluorescence, Phosphorescence etc.

But i would like to understand how changes in the arrangement of electrons from high or low energy states within molecules like water affects the physical characteristics of the molecule?

I know in Phosphorescence it's accepted that the electrons return to their lowest energy state, but if not enough energy is captured to release a photon then the gained energy must remain stored, which should have effects.

Surely if an electron has more energy it must effect the polar bonding forces, which should effect the density?

Focusing on water, what effects would high energy electron states have on water as a solvent?

submitted by /u/Cropdog
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Why do we need to carry fuel in space, doesn't the rocket/spacecraft keep traveling in a straight line with a constant velocity from the point it leaves our orbit?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 07:53 PM PDT

From what I understand, objects in space move in a straight line with the velocity it was given until it was interrupted by another force (Newton's first law). So technically, we only need fuel to achieve escape velocity right? And keep traveling forever?

Does the gravity of all the planets and bodies in solar system interfere with this somehow?

Edit: When I meant fuel, I was talking about propulsion fuel. I'm aware that the rocket/spacecraft still needs fuel to maneuver about in space.

submitted by /u/Kyrie01010011
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What causes a space shuttle to heat up on reentry into earth's atmosphere?

Posted: 17 Jul 2016 04:10 AM PDT

Many articles online point to friction, but then I see countless comments explaining that friction only heavily affects the shuttle at low altitudes. I also recently saw a QI episode which immediately ruled out friction as an explanation of a the heat and explained it as bow shock similar to bow shock waves which affect ships in the sea, a sort of build up of pressure. Any more information would be great.

submitted by /u/Wert3a
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How are caves formed?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 11:18 AM PDT

I was thinking about caves and began to wonder how exactly they are formed. I presume that erosion plays a big part in the process, but how would that start in the first place? And where would that water go? And what about sealed off caves with no cave opening?

submitted by /u/ThisIanGuy
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Can you make artificial gravity in a sphere?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 06:02 PM PDT

I know about the artificial gravity that can be achieved by rotating a spaceship via centrifugal force(that's the right one right?). But that, as far as I know, only works in a circular pattern. Is it possible that a sphere, instead of a torus, can spin in such a way that it would produce artificial gravity in every direction on the inside of said sphere(basically like an inverted planet)?

submitted by /u/bagelbomb
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Are there alternative treatments to antibiotic resistant infections?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 12:38 PM PDT

Recently, there have been a slew of articles about bacteria that are now resistant to our antibiotics of last resort. Apparently, gonorrhea will be the first to cross the finish line. Barring the discovery of new more potent antibiotics, what will medicine do to fight these antibiotic resistant infections?

submitted by /u/EcksrayYangkeyZooloo
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If 100g of lean chicken breast provides about 26g of protein and 1g of fat, what happens to the other 73g of mass?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 11:18 AM PDT

Why does thoriated glass develop a yellow tint over time?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 09:59 PM PDT

Some time ago radioactive thorium was used to create glass with high refractive indices for use in the lens making industry. It has been largely replaced now (due to the health issues associated with radioisotopes) but examples of this original glass have become yellowed over time. Some people suggest that exposing the glass to UV light will return it to a clear state. What is going on here?

submitted by /u/bostwickenator
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How do we not retain memories as a baby? Why do our earliest memories start around 2?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 09:56 AM PDT

Which star has moved the most in human history?

Posted: 16 Jul 2016 09:05 PM PDT

Which of the stars in the night sky has (appeared to have) moved the most in the recent past and in all of human history? I know stars are used for navigation because of their location in the sky but they are moving, just imperceptible slowly. Which ones can we, either in ones lifetime or in human history, can we perceive the movement?

submitted by /u/nygiant3
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