Pages

Sunday, July 3, 2016

In a Sudoku puzzle, what is the minimum number of pre-filled boxes for a puzzle to have only one solution?

In a Sudoku puzzle, what is the minimum number of pre-filled boxes for a puzzle to have only one solution?


In a Sudoku puzzle, what is the minimum number of pre-filled boxes for a puzzle to have only one solution?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 08:51 PM PDT

How much energy is released by dropping a pen on a neutron star?

Posted: 03 Jul 2016 05:28 AM PDT

Hi guys. Neutron stars fascinate me. Crushing the mass of 3 suns into a Manhattan sized ball of neutron soup is a mind blowing concept. Anyway it's been said that if you were standing on surface of a neutron star and you dropped a pen it would approach the speed of light as it hit the ground.

it's been well over 15 years since I've crunched logs and sci notation and I can't get the units down right, so my question is how much energy would be released by a pen hitting the floor at near speed of light? Not sure how much a pen weights... 10 grams?

Thanks

submitted by /u/staringinto_space
[link] [comments]

Are light photons emitted by fire the same photons emitted by artificial light such as a light bulb or LED?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 08:37 AM PDT

Edit: This post has absolutely blown up and given me quite the insight on many things I didn't know. You've been quite helpful and to be honest my brain hurts a little. I did already know that that white light is made up of all colors of the spectrum but the majority of this thread is blowing my mind. Edit 2: You guys have been awesome. I learned a Shit ton and know that I've read through just about every graph link and explanation I've been provided. Happy fourth everyone.

submitted by /u/keylessdoor
[link] [comments]

What would happen if we had twice as many veins but they were half the size? (Same amount of blood, same size heart)

Posted: 03 Jul 2016 07:32 AM PDT

Why does adrenaline make you stop feeling injuries?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 05:52 PM PDT

Today, I read a few posts in an /r/askreddit thread that told how they did not feel their very major injuries (broken back and hip) until they woke up later in a hospital bed.

Specifically, ones story was this: they went over a jump on their horse which they were training and lost memory at that point. Witnesses described them as cleaning their horse and driving home without ever noticing they broke their back.

Why does adrenaline do this? Shouldn't it make you more aware of what's going on, instead of less aware?

submitted by /u/Schruef
[link] [comments]

Does the rotation/spin of the earth reduce our feeling of gravity?

Posted: 03 Jul 2016 07:03 AM PDT

Thinking about how when you spin things naturally move away and the concept of spinning large space stations for artificial gravity...

If the earth stopped spinning would gravity double? Triple?

submitted by /u/Tartooth
[link] [comments]

[Psychology] What is the current understanding of how the Ferber method affects children's development when compared to other approaches to responding to babies?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 10:11 AM PDT

Are there any reputable long-term studies on the subject?

submitted by /u/i-am-boi
[link] [comments]

If an organ from a 50 year old is put into the body of a 20 year old, does any special considerations have to be made for the advanced age of the donated organ?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 12:22 PM PDT

Or are age differences like that even considered?

submitted by /u/Dafuzz
[link] [comments]

Assuming a clear path, would it be possible for an object to orbit the earth a few feet off the ground?

Posted: 03 Jul 2016 05:08 AM PDT

How fast would the object need to be moving? Would this be slower or faster than an object orbiting in space?

submitted by /u/tue39370
[link] [comments]

[Physics] How does current density affect the specific energy of an electrochemical cell?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 10:59 AM PDT

I was reading a paper, and came across this: "attained specific energies of 303 Wh/kg cathode at 0.1 mA/cm2, 183 Wh/ kg cathode at 0.2 mA/cm2, and 76 Wh/kg cathode at 0.8 mA/cm2. The active material utilization achieved at these current densities was 94. 54. and 23%. respectively." I am confused, how does the rate of use of a battery affect its overall capacity?

submitted by /u/aglisman
[link] [comments]

Where in a uniform sphere is gravity most strongly felt?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 05:30 PM PDT

Are there any critical phenomena where the timescale and lengthscale diverge identically with temperature?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 07:40 PM PDT

For example, many critical phenomena (phase transitions, etc.) have a diverging lengthscale that goes as

ξ ∼ (T−Tc)α

where Tc is the critical temperature. The characteristic dynamics of this system will then scale as

τ ∼ ξz ∼ (T−Tc)

Are there any systems where z=1 , meaning that the static and dynamic divergences scale to the same power α with respect to temperature?

submitted by /u/xenneract
[link] [comments]

If photons can eject valence electrons from certain materials/elements, do new electrons replace the ejected ones? If so, how?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 05:45 PM PDT

What limits how hot a laser can make something?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 10:48 AM PDT

I know that, using the sun as a light source, you cannot make anything hotter than the surface of the sun. ΘΑ=ΘΑ and all that.

Now, how hot can you make something with a hypothetical 50W blue laser? How is that energy absorbed by the material it is fired at? Is there a terminal temperature that it will reach, maybe until the spot itself is radiating 50W of energy as the laser comes in?

submitted by /u/Head-Stark
[link] [comments]

Why can't light coming perpendicular to my vision affect light that is coming straight to me?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 09:33 AM PDT

As per my understanding, a candle burns yellow because it emits photons of the yellow wavelength and my eye detects those photons that are coming at me directly. However, if I shine a purple light perpendicular to my field of vision, intersecting what should be the yellow light, it does nothing to change the color what the candle appears to be. You would think that since it's all affecting the electro-magnetic field, there would be some kind of interaction that would either make the yellow appear purply or the purple to appear more yellow (should you be looking at the purple light directly).

What's going on here?

submitted by /u/beezofaneditor
[link] [comments]

Gravitational waves not discovered?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 09:29 AM PDT

I was recently reading an article which claims that the gravitational waves discovery can be contributed to the milky way.

"In the joint analysis, the researchers overlaid data recorded by the BICEP2 telescope at a frequency of 150 gigahertz (GHz) with data recorded from the same patch of sky by Planck at 353 GHz, a frequency at which almost all the polarized light comes from dust. (Planck also records polarization signals at lower frequencies.) The two data sets proved to be a match — the region in which BICEP2 found its strongest signal is the same place in which the Planck dust signal is strongest, indicating that the BICEP2 signal is due almost entirely to dust."

Article link here : http://www.nature.com/news/gravitational-waves-discovery-now-officially-dead-1.16830

Any thoughts on this?

submitted by /u/xShOtz
[link] [comments]

Can you count past infinite? And if you can, how?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 12:05 PM PDT

Title. ^

submitted by /u/sixelacs
[link] [comments]

Saturday, July 2, 2016

How large would the surface of contact between two perfect spheres 1 centimeter in diameter be?

How large would the surface of contact between two perfect spheres 1 centimeter in diameter be?


How large would the surface of contact between two perfect spheres 1 centimeter in diameter be?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 09:54 PM PDT

Assuming firm contact I suppose? How about for two 1 meter diameter spheres?

submitted by /u/hooligan333
[link] [comments]

[Physics] Why exactly does a fluid dissolve a solvent when it's at a higher temperature?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 04:58 AM PDT

Please go into detail, as I THINK I understand the basics (more moving particles)

submitted by /u/Pipsquik
[link] [comments]

Those tests that positively identify a disease 95‰ of the time. Does taking the test a second time and getting a positive result mean you virtually, for certain, have the disease?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 03:46 AM PDT

Not sure about the probability maths

submitted by /u/entropy_bucket
[link] [comments]

Is it possible for an astral body to orbit two other astral bodies?

Posted: 02 Jul 2016 07:04 AM PDT

For example, if two stars were orbiting each other could a planet have a kind of figure 8 orbit around both of them? Would such a system be stable?

submitted by /u/joephusweberr
[link] [comments]

Voyager 1 and 2 both carry a 12-inch golden phonograph record in the hopes that another intelligent life form may find them. However, how difficult would it be to recover the probes as they travel at nearly 40,000 MPH?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 10:58 AM PDT

Clearly the probes would have to be recovered in open space, as any collision with a spacecraft or planet would result in them being obliterated, correct?

submitted by /u/jonsul97
[link] [comments]

What is the longest surviving energy/matter in the universe?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 12:27 PM PDT

Could be anything from quarks/atoms to nebulae. What is something that takes the longest to dissipate in existence?

I was thinking radio waves travelling from our planet but they will eventually be absorbed by a star or the likes of it.

Black holes also have a limited lifespan. So that's out of the question I guess.

Thanks.

submitted by /u/science_asker1
[link] [comments]

Do all forces have their own magnetic fields?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 02:14 PM PDT

I learned a while back that gravity has a magnetic field in the form of the gravitomagnetic field. Do the gluon and weak fields have their own magnetic components as well? If so, does this affect how, for example, the strong force's spring-like tension or the weak force's flavor-changing work?

submitted by /u/chunkylubber54
[link] [comments]

Does rain cause a cold front or is it the result of a cold front?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 11:12 AM PDT

Is it possible to 'forecast' the weather in the past?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 07:48 AM PDT

Nowadays it is quite easy to predict how the weather will look like in the forthcoming weeks. Would it also be possible to 'predict' the weather of the past by knowing the weather now?

I'm aware that it wouldn't make any sense to try to forecast the weather of five days ago and it would be easier to just look into the archives, but I'm really interested in knowing if the same models used to predict the weather could also work in reverse time.

submitted by /u/FaboRonco
[link] [comments]

How does isotopic labeling work?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 12:48 PM PDT

So from what I understand, you have to add a known concentration of non-radioactive material (sucrose, iodine, calcium) to the solution, and then add some isotope, and that provides data as to the behavior of that concentration of the original substance. How does this work? Can you not have enough isotope? How do you account for how much you have?

submitted by /u/allaroundanonymous
[link] [comments]

When a fire detector's range is "greater than 200 feet to 1 sq. ft. heptane fire", what does this mean?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 08:46 AM PDT

[Physics+Math] - How do we know that temperature is a continuous function?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 09:22 AM PDT

There's a classic problem in math/physics stating that there exists at least one point in the world, where the temperature on the antipodal end is the same temperature.

This follows easily using the intermediate Value Theorem, given that your function is continuous.

But topologically, continuity states that for every open set in the image, the pre-image must also be open. Well if "f" is a function, f: [World Position] --> [World Temperature], and I assume physicists use the standard topology for these, then we can take some open set in temperature, let's say (60F, 70F), and then we find the pre-image of this temperature interval, why do we "know" that the area on the world will also be an open space??

submitted by /u/anooblol
[link] [comments]

Friday, July 1, 2016

Two of the same type of metals will bond together in space?

Two of the same type of metals will bond together in space?


Two of the same type of metals will bond together in space?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 03:58 AM PDT

Just got a interesting Snapple fact! Says that if two of the same type of metals touch in space they will bond together permanently! Why does this happen? And when it does how fast does it occur?

submitted by /u/Sgtpeppers1985
[link] [comments]

Have we learned anything new from mars that we didn't already know before landing there with a rover?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 05:47 AM PDT

What's going on photon-wise with shiny black surfaces? Shouldn't black absorb all the light?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 06:19 AM PDT

While we're at it, how can something be both transparent and shiny?

submitted by /u/pm_me_yr_succulents
[link] [comments]

What would happen if you explode a hydrogen bomb in a kilometer-thick metal sphere?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 06:22 PM PDT

For example a 10 megaton hydrogen bomb going off in a kilometer thick lead sphere. Will it amplify the explosion kind of like a boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion? Or will nothing really happen and the lead sphere would contain the explosion?

submitted by /u/scasm
[link] [comments]

I read that astronauts DNA can be “shattered” by cosmic rays, what does this actually mean?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 07:33 PM PDT

My question came from reading an article about our Sun going blank and maybe heading toward a 'solar minimum'.

Which causes cosmic rays dangerous to astronauts, article link here: http://www.news.com.au/technology/science/space/the-sun-has-gone-blank-twice-this-month-this-is-what-it-means/news-story/d775ecf894ab68415ed0108ced31a4e2

submitted by /u/Infinite_Monkee
[link] [comments]

In what format do nerves relay information to the brain? i.e., how does the brain “read” the information it receives from the nervous system?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 08:30 PM PDT

Do overall suicide rates decline when methods are made unavailable? E.g., do areas with low firearm ownership have lower overall suicide rates, or do people just try other methods?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 05:52 PM PDT

I've heard that in the 60s the UK switched from one type of gas for stoves (which had carbon monoxide in it) to another (which didn't), and thus people were no longer able to asphyxiate themselves with carbon monoxide. It apparently led to an overall reduction in suicide rates, the explanation being that suicidal people don't easily take the final step to try to kill themselves, and if there's no convenient method, often suicidal urge passes before they can find a way to follow through.

I also read (from a non-scientific source; just a news story) that something similar happened in Sri Lanka when pesticides were switched so they were less dangerous for humans. This is the same logic with putting barricades or nets that make it harder to jump off bridges.

But is this true? Or is it just correlation, not causation?

submitted by /u/ryanznock
[link] [comments]

What are birds sleep pattern like?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 08:07 PM PDT

Well I want to expand this question a bit more. How do mammals, reptilian, and avian sleep patterns differ? Which species sleep more and less and what are the advantages they get for doing so.

Finally why the fuck do roosters go on and on from 4 a.m. to 7a.m. is that their mating time?

submitted by /u/occupythekitchen
[link] [comments]

How much does working a drive thru window at a fast food restaurant increase your chance of complications from exposure to higher amounts of exhaust fumes?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 06:15 PM PDT

There are some of the belief that if lotion is used on one's skin, the skin becomes dependent on it, what is the correct viewpoint/why?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 12:53 AM PDT

I assume they mean that if you use lotion, your skin HAS to have lotion subsequently or it would dry up tremendously.

submitted by /u/Weep2D2
[link] [comments]

Is there a highest possible state for the quantum harmonic oscillator?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 02:48 AM PDT

The classical potential of an idealized harmonic oscillator describes a parabola going to infinity. There could therefore be an infinite number of eigenfunctions of the quantum harmonic oscillator. Is there a certain limit imposed by the rules of quantum mechanics or does the oscillator just sort of break down at certain energies like a classical spring that would be irreversibly deformed? Representation of the eigenfunctions from wikipedia

submitted by /u/Mephisto6
[link] [comments]

How much did the Earth's average temperature decline due to the Chicxulub Impact?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 07:30 PM PDT

We know that the asteroid impact that tool place at the end of the Cretaceous had various deadly effects. But I wonder how bad the temperature drop was, and if the lowered temperature was the main agent of ecological collapse, or if poor light levels (cutting down photosynthesis) were.

submitted by /u/Albacorewing
[link] [comments]

What influences the varied effects of different strains of cannabis?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 11:27 PM PDT

I'm looking for a more in depth answer than 'genetics brah!' Is it just about THC/CBD ratio? Other cannabinoids? Terpenes? What?

submitted by /u/enjoyyourshrimp
[link] [comments]

Does all the heat in the molten mantle and core of the earth affect average surface temperature at all?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 06:20 PM PDT

Is basal metabolic rate related to heart rate in humans?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 11:39 PM PDT

Most of the relationships I've seen for calculating BMR do not factor in heart rates, but calculations for calorie use during exercise are all related to heart rate. In people with elevated hear rates (e.g Tachycardia sufferers) is the basal metabolic rate also increased?

submitted by /u/movingpointy
[link] [comments]

why do auroras only happen at the poles?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 04:33 AM PDT

I thought it happened because the sun's radiation kinda skimmed across the atmosphere on a tangent to the earth's surface... but doesn't that happen at other latitudes as well??

what am I missing?

submitted by /u/usernumber36
[link] [comments]

How were the Appalachian Mountains and Allegheny Plateau formed?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 10:27 PM PDT

Hello! I'm doing some research for a project and I'm trying to wrap my head around the formation of the Appalachian Mountains and the Allegheny Plateau (specifically in Southeastern Ohio). From what I've gathered so far - The mountains were first formed as part of the Central Pangean Mountains when Laurussia and Gondwana collided. Rivers and streams began to flow down from the mountains and formed a large delta to the north and northwest. Then, over time, the mountains slowly eroded down fairly small. At the same time, Pangea began to break up, and the release of the pressure caused the mountains to further subside until they were eventually under water and formed the Appalachian Basin. Then, during the cenozoic era, uplift began again and the mountains began to rise once more. The delta and part of the sea floor to the northwest also began to rise and that formed the Allegheny Plateau, hence why it's flat (except where it's been eroded away, of course). Am I anywhere close to being right on any of this? I am NOT a geologist, but I'm really fascinated by these events and really want to get my facts straight. Thanks!!

submitted by /u/3oons
[link] [comments]

What would be the effects of a major asteroid impact in the ocean compared to one on land?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 06:11 PM PDT

This article made me realize that I have never heard of any significant asteroid impacts occurring in the ocean. But, since 70% of the Earth is water, I assume it must happen (relatively) often. If such events have been recorded, how did we find evidence of them, and how would they affect the planet compared to an impact on land?

submitted by /u/Bentingey
[link] [comments]

What is the most recent area of the human brain in terms of evolution and what are its implications in our neurophysiology?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 05:45 PM PDT

Motor skills question--From a neurological perspective, why can I draw well, but I suck at catching a football?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 08:44 PM PDT

What, and why is there a difference between fine and gross motor skills? From a neurological perspective why is it possible to be competent at one and incompetent at the other? Is coordination an inherited trait or is learned?

submitted by /u/rosstimus
[link] [comments]

How to formulate classical perturbations without using Hamilton-Jacobi equation, or action angle variables?

Posted: 30 Jun 2016 07:45 PM PDT

Hey guys, I'm studying for grad school prelims and trying to understand classical perturbation. Sadly, I'm having some difficulty.

I'm working through Goldstein, and his discussion starts in the HJ formalism. I don't really "get" the idea of HJ - I'm not sure what the point is, or how it really works. I've read through the relevant chapters in Goldstein (and other texts I found online) several times, and it still isn't clicking.

I've tried to find some other resources, but so far all the texts and professor notes I can find follow the same tract as Goldstein.

Is this strictly necessary? Do I really need to use the HJ formalism to study classical perturbations? Can't I just work with good ol' q and p and find the same solution?

submitted by /u/e_ikx
[link] [comments]

What's the speed of space?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 06:57 AM PDT

Gravitational Waves are basically ripples in the fabric of space time, What is the maximum speed at which these ripples can propagate? and is it c, if yes then why and how is it related to it ?

submitted by /u/TheNASAguy
[link] [comments]

Is there a point where water is under enough pressure that it's boiling point is above it's point of incandescence but remains a liquid?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 03:03 AM PDT

Does space expand inside a black hole?

Posted: 01 Jul 2016 06:32 AM PDT

In the same way that the universe is expanding generally?

submitted by /u/fingernail
[link] [comments]