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Saturday, April 9, 2016

Why are there mountains on Mars that are much higher than the highest mountains on other planets in the solar system?

Why are there mountains on Mars that are much higher than the highest mountains on other planets in the solar system?


Why are there mountains on Mars that are much higher than the highest mountains on other planets in the solar system?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 04:17 AM PDT

There is Arsia Mons (5.6 mi), Pavonis Mons (6.8 mi), Elysium Mons (7.8 mi), Ascraeus Mons (9.3 mi) and Olympus Mons (13.7 mi) that are higher than Mount Everest (5.5 mi), earth's highest mountain (measured from sea level). All of those high mountains on Mars are volcanoes as well. Is there an explanation?

submitted by /u/bastilam
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If particles are point-like, how are they not gravitational singularities?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 10:37 AM PDT

I understand gravitational singularities are not a matter of mass, but density. I also understand that particle colliders have established an upper-limit to the volume of an electron. If the fundamental particles are truly point-like, then whatever their mass, they would necessarily form gravitational singularities. Would the event horizons of these particles themselves be extremely small? They would still undergo hawking radiation I presume, which would mean that they would evaporate rapidly..?

I thought maybe the answer depends on quantum mechanics, that the wave-function means that though the particle is point-like its possible positions are distributed through space? But flipping the question around, what is the quantum state of a black hole? Does it too have a wave function, and is that wave function entirely contained within the event horizon? (apart from hawking radiation)

Is this just the great unsolved problem in physics of reconciling gravity and quantum mechanics, the micro and the macro?

submitted by /u/ateles-
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I heard this claim that 8000 years ago, Taklamakan Desert was a lake as big as the Black Sea. Is this true?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 06:08 AM PDT

Is there any research on a 'Call of Duty' game effect and younger adults joining the military?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 06:47 AM PDT

I was talking to a guy at work and his son is in the military and the son was trying to get out because it wasn't what he thought it was.

submitted by /u/ThundaMaka
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How is the Polar Star possible?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 05:59 AM PDT

Polaris is a star that has appeared in the sky exactly (or very nearly) over the north pole. With the earth's poler axis constantly moving (earth orbit around sun, sun orbit around Galaxy center, etc.), how is it possible that the Polar Star is always in the same place relative to the earth? If it's a coincidence of stars path coinciding exactly with the north pole axis, it an incredible coincidence, isn't it?

submitted by /u/toxa26
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If we know that the enthalpy of a reaction is x kJ/mol, how can we find the enthalpy of the products and reactants?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 03:29 AM PDT

How does the earth make water? Or is there a fixed supply.

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 01:51 AM PDT

Has there ever been an experiment that showed that light can slow down in a vacuum?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 06:13 AM PDT

Moreover, is it even possible for light to do so? I heard from a friend the other day that there was apparently some experiment that showed light can slow down in a vacuum, depending on where you point it. Apparently this is evidence for the matrix (this was on an episode of through the wormhole apparently ).

Doesn't relativity depend on constant c in a vacuum?

submitted by /u/xShOtz
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Is there a finite limit to how large/massive a star can be?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 04:48 AM PDT

We know of stars that exist such as VY Canis Majoris, NML Cygni, RW Cephei, and UY Scuti. They are all upwards of 2,000,000,000KM (roughly 1,250,000,000 miles) in diameter. So just how large can a star get?

submitted by /u/HartzyBoi
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If electric currents make magnetic fields, and electrons in atoms are constantly moving, why isn't everything magnetic?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 05:16 AM PDT

Why aren't there uuu and ddd nucleons?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 07:25 AM PDT

So to my understanding the nucleons are made of up and down only and have spin 1/2, while the delta baryons are u/d only and have spin 3/2.

Why are there not uuu and ddd baryons with spin 1/2?

submitted by /u/bigscience87
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Do people with Situs Inversus (reversed/mirrored organs) tend more to left-hand dominance?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 03:05 PM PDT

Wikipedia claims that globally humans are 87-92% right hand dominant. Situs inversus seems pretty rare at roughly 1 in 10,000. Do we have statistics on the handedness of those with Situs inversus?

Bonus question: Do we know if right-left lateralization of brain function is reversed in people with Situs Inversus?

submitted by /u/mavaction
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How does habituation in the olfactory system work? If I habituate and then smell a stronger odor, is there something like a 'subtraction'?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 05:47 AM PDT

Let's say I like to smell light citrus odors, but cannot stand strong citrus odors. During an experiment, I get exposed to a light citrus odor and habituate to it.

What happens when I get exposed to the strong citrus odor (more or less) directly afterwards that habituation? Is there something like a 'subtraction'? Does the strong citrus odor appear different to me, maybe closer to a light odor, because some parts of it are ignored due to the habituation?

submitted by /u/EZIC-Agent
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Why does global warming make certain areas colder than usual?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 10:05 PM PDT

I ask because I see a friend from high school post "There are people complaining about global warming...its April 8th and there is a winter advisory in place?"

So why is global warming making certain areas, in this example Wisconsin, have such sporadic and cold temperatures this year?

submitted by /u/EpiikDude
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Why does blood change color when exposed to bleach?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 02:52 AM PDT

I had a particularly bad nosebleed today (pronounced waterfall of blood) and I decided that I needed to disinfect my bathroom. I sprayed some Clorox cleaner (which contains a high bleach content) and saw that my blood not only washed down the sink, some of it hardened and even turned brown and black. Why does this happen?

submitted by /u/themunchingbrotato
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Is there a correlation between intellect and happiness?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 08:18 PM PDT

My shower thought for the day:

Is there a correlation between how much you know and how happy you are?

Is there a propensity for people who are constantly seeking out more information to be less happy?

Are people who have no desire to learn more than what they learned early in life generally more content?

Is there scientific basis for the phrase "ignorance is bliss"?

Why is being a "know it all" frowned upon by the vast majority?

submitted by /u/KnewHere
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Is the electromagnetic spectrum infinite?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 10:24 PM PDT

Are there upper/lower bounds?

submitted by /u/redditless
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How fossil fuels are used to generate energy?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 03:32 AM PDT

Why are there no freshwater cephalopods?

Posted: 09 Apr 2016 02:36 AM PDT

This question has been bugging be for a while. Plenty of other classes of animal exist in both freshwater and marine environments: fish, bivalves, crustaceans, even hydrozoans. Why are there no freshwater cephalopods? Is it possible that they exist, but we haven't seen them yet?

submitted by /u/koolatr0n
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Friday, April 8, 2016

Do animals get pleasure out of mating and reproducing like humans do?

Do animals get pleasure out of mating and reproducing like humans do?


Do animals get pleasure out of mating and reproducing like humans do?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 09:23 PM PDT

Or do they just do it because of their neurochemostry without any "emotion"?

submitted by /u/TheMuffinDragon
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What causes gum to have a consistency threshold? You chew for hours with the same consistency then it suddenly becomes gritty, loses all its stickyness, and starts to dissolve in your mouth within seconds.

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 09:34 PM PDT

Is DNA stable in a vacuum?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 06:23 PM PDT

If I were stranded in space, could I propel myself throwing rocks?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 08:47 PM PDT

Imagine I'm floating in space, trying to reach a space station 20 km away. Lets assume I have unlimited water, food and oxygen supply thanks to the unobtanium reactor in my backpack. I have a bag of rocks, samples from my mission. Could I reach the station throwing rocks in the opposite direction? if so, how many rocks would be required?

Edit: grammar and such.

submitted by /u/Fucking-Usernames
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why do ice cubes crack in water, when they don't in air that is warmer than the water?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 09:03 PM PDT

Why does steam and hot 'irons' remove creases from clothes so quickly and efficiently, and what is the science behind what's happening on a molecular level?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 01:40 AM PDT

What would happen if you mixed blood and mercury?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 01:02 AM PDT

human blood. and of course outside of the human body in an appropriate container.

submitted by /u/lumberanemone
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Splenda and other artificial sweeteners are "hundreds" or "thousands" of times sweeter. How do they measure this? They taste the same to me.

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 07:32 PM PDT

Artificial sweeteners like Splenda are said to be hundreds or thousands of times sweeter than real sugar. How do they measure this? And why is it that a teaspoon of splenda in one of those little packets tastes exactly as sweet as a teaspoon of sugar? Shouldn't my mind be absolutely blown by how sweet it is?

submitted by /u/tahlyn
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Which is more important for keeping solids solid: Coulomb Repulsion or Electron Degeneracy Pressure?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 04:43 AM PDT

I've seen it claimed that the electrostatic repulsion of atomic electrons is less important than the Pauli repulsion involved with overlapping electron orbitals when it comes to why solids can't pass through each other. Is there a well understood answer to this phenonmenon?

submitted by /u/Senrade
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If I were to get enough viruses in a small space to be able to see them without a microscope, what would it look like?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 06:13 AM PDT

How different would it look for different viruses? What color would it be?

submitted by /u/Popopopper123
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How do astronauts wash their clothes in space? Wouldn't a conventional washing machine make the station start rotating?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 09:19 PM PDT

If the acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s/s, then how come a rifle round will only drop less than two meters in the time it takes to go ~457 meters?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 05:49 PM PDT

Strange question, We are all familiar with the 'first' 4 dimensions, the 3 of space and 1 of time. My question is, seeing how there are theories involving other dimensions, are these other dimensions the manifestations of fields?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 07:26 PM PDT

To add further clarification is, lets say, the 5th dimension the magnetic field. Also how the field of gravity permeates these 'first' 4 dimensions. are the other dimensions the fields we observe in science such as the quantum field and so forth.

submitted by /u/IdefendDucks
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What makes the spark mechanism in a safety lighter work?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 01:57 AM PDT

Have you ever taken apart one of those long safety lighters, inside there is a button with wires running to it, which generates a spark when the button's pressed down. How does this work? I've searched for this before, but I've never found out how it actually works.

http://i.imgur.com/KKOy4AA.jpg

I couldn't find a picture of what I'm talking about... am I the only one that's taken one of these apart?

submitted by /u/journey290
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What makes the gas around Jupiter and Saturn part of the planet and not the atmosphere?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 12:00 PM PDT

or is it just a really thick atmosphere? Sorry if it's a silly question.

submitted by /u/Azarax95
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Why does my shower curtain blow inwards while water is running?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 12:09 PM PDT

All I want to do is have a shower without the curtain constantly sticking to various body parts.

submitted by /u/PieSucker
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What was the universe like precisely one second after the Big Bang?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 09:44 PM PDT

To the best of our knowledge.

submitted by /u/Izzhov
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How does covalent bonding work?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 02:30 AM PDT

I'm not sure ....

submitted by /u/OfTheAshs
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How does General Relativity explain Moon tidal forces ?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 05:21 AM PDT

If in General Relativity, gravity is nothing more than spacetime curvature ( aka bowling ball on a mattress ), how are the Moon's tidal 'forces' accounted for in terms of spacetime curvature ?

submitted by /u/rmeman
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Could the accretion disk of a black hole emit enough energy to create a habitable zone?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 10:41 PM PDT

Hello,

recently I've thought about some kind of scenario where a black hole could be the center of a solar system. I've read that the accretion disk of large black holes (quasars for example, though these don't quite fit the solar system approach) gets pretty hot due to friction, so could this possibly generate enough heat to create an habitable zone where a planet with living beings could exist?

submitted by /u/fade587
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Can RADAR be used to detect smaller objects, like bullets?

Posted: 08 Apr 2016 04:38 AM PDT

I was wondering since RADAR can be used for imaging and detecting fast moving aircraft. Can a radar be used in lets say a Smaller military base to detect incoming bullet fire and where it came from/trajectory?

If so, why is it not so common?

Any information is much appreciated. Further reading on the subject would also be great, I'm really interested in the capabilities of this technology.

submitted by /u/djd3ath
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Thursday, April 7, 2016

Why is easier to balance at bicycle while moving rather standing in one place?

Why is easier to balance at bicycle while moving rather standing in one place?


Why is easier to balance at bicycle while moving rather standing in one place?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 05:08 AM PDT

Similar to when i want to balance a plate at the top of a stick. I have to spin it.

submitted by /u/sadam23
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What are the largest particles for which we have showns there to be an interference pattern when using them in a double slit experiment?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 04:26 AM PDT

i know that it has been done with c60 molecules, but that was back in 1999.

submitted by /u/JanEric1
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High powered Lasers, can they 'clean' other contaminants, such as radiation as this video claims?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 04:55 AM PDT

I apologize for being very ignorant, but I saw somewhere that high powered cleaning lasers can be used for 'nuclear decontamination.' Is this actually true? If so, how? My understanding is that the laser reacts with a darker material than what is reflective underneath and strips the 'contaminant' away without harming the reflective surface, is nuclear contamination something that is less reflective than metal? Or is this video talking out of its ass? Can emissions of radiation clean radioactivity? If so, how? Source: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=mSP1vH7-t7s

submitted by /u/ChemO2323
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Is there a finite size and mass that a black hole cannot surpass? If so, why? If not, why not?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 05:32 AM PDT

Why are opals iridescent?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 04:18 PM PDT

Inspired by this gif, I realize that while I work with crystals, I have no idea where the colours and brilliance of opals come from. What's going on inside these gemstones?

submitted by /u/superhelical
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If black holes do not emit any light. Why isn't it obvious if there is a super massive black at the centre of a galaxy? Surely there would just be a massive region of space with absolutely nothing present?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 03:41 AM PDT

I may be wrong but I'm almost certain I read somewhere that black holes are hard to detect. Given the above reasoning I can't understand why, hopefully you guys can explain this to me?

submitted by /u/Danieldmc1
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What advances in psychology/psychiatry have led to the greatest increases in human welfare?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 08:47 PM PDT

To be clear, I'm looking for specific therapies or drugs that have been incredibly successful at treating a particular psychological condition that had previously caused immense amounts of suffering.

submitted by /u/casebash
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If a white dwarf comes close to an ordinary star could it "steal" enough material to start fusing hydrogen again?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 05:40 AM PDT

Also, could a collision between two white dwarfs result in an ordinary star?

submitted by /u/itz4mna
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Could a human's strength overcome the strong nuclear force in a single atomic nucleus?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 04:02 AM PDT

In other words, could a human separate a proton and a neutron by pulling, if it were mechanically somehow possible to do? I realize this may be a very childish question, but I have no idea how strong the strong nuclear force actually is. I know it's incredibly strong compared to gravity, which we can easily resist on a macroscopic scale, but I'd like to get a clearer understanding.

submitted by /u/Bay-D
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Does Viscosity have anything to do with Mass of a liquid?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 04:36 PM PDT

What is the difference between a nuclear bomb, an atomic bomb and a hydrogen bomb and which one is the most destructive?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 03:13 PM PDT

Is the Kübler-Ross model of grief (5 stages of grief) still considered valid?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 02:16 AM PDT

I know it's been challenged by other research, but does the psychology community still generally accept it? Did it go the way of Freud?

submitted by /u/Rathwood
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Does the atmosphere get colder the higher up you go?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 04:13 AM PDT

Shouldn't it get warmer since there is less atmosphere filtering?

submitted by /u/Notsure_jr
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Before Gauss, if someone came up with a probability distribution only slightly different from his normal distribution, would it have persisted in mathematics?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 03:54 AM PDT

Ok, so I have experience in statistics but I am no expert.

I may be wrong, but I believe that the normal distribution can only perfectly describe itself, that is, there is no natural random variable out there that has a distribution that is exactly normal. In a sense it is just a good (in some cases very good) approximation of the behaviour of many observable natural phenomena.

Now, before Gauss, say someone came up with a distribution that had many of the same features: - symmetrical about its mean - large amount of points relatively close to the mean. - continuous i.e. still with the distinctive bell shape.

would this function have been as well received and persisted in modern mathematics? since it also would only perfectly describe itself and be a good approximation for many natural random variables.

Thanks in advance

submitted by /u/mhaste
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If big cats don't purr, then what's going on in this video? (Link in text)

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 02:18 AM PDT

See, I've always been told that the thing that separates big cats from small cats is that small cats can purr while big cats can't (with the exception of the cheetah). So what's going on here? That sounds like purring to me. He's clearly happy. Cats purr when they're happy.

submitted by /u/ButtsexEurope
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how come when we study individual atoms they arent teleporting and rapidly changing states by quantum mechanics?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 02:00 AM PDT

On the same note, why does quantum mechanics seem to disappear at a large scale?

submitted by /u/youaresus
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How are physicists so sure dark matter exists as opposed to the theory being wrong?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 07:36 AM PDT

Hi,

Recently I was listening to a podcast which was talking about how dark matter is predicted to exist because of various phenomena which cannot be explained with General Relativity could be if it existed, and they seemed pretty sure that they would be able to detect the dark matter.

How is it that physicists think that dark matter exists as opposed to the theory being wrong, it seems like a bit of a fluke - like Vulcan to explain the differences in Mercury's orbit instead of the theory being wrong (Namely going from Newton's to Einstein's theory). Many of the reasons I have heard are typically either the theory has not been wrong yet (which seems a bit silly - Newton's theory wasn't shown to not be accurate for quite some time) or that General Relativity is so 'nice' that it wouldn't seem right that it is wrong (which seems even worse - as Feynman said 'It doesn't matter how beautiful your theory is, it doesn't matter how smart you are. If it doesn't agree with experiment, it's wrong.').

Thank you.

submitted by /u/OrangePinyata
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Is there a binary number which can be represented perfectly, where it cannot be represented perfectly in a decimal form?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 11:11 AM PDT

There are certain fractions which cannot be represented using a finite amount of digits. For example, 1/3 = 0.33333..... We can never truly represent 1/3 as a decimal with a finite number of digits.

Similarly, there are certain numbers which cannot be represented perfectly in binary - 1/3 is one of these numbers. However, 0.1 is also one of these numbers. You can never correctly represent 1 tenth in binary with a finite number of digits, even though you CAN in base 10.

Are there any numbers which can be represented in binary, but cannot be represented in denary? If not, why not? I've tried to think of an example but can't, and it's a toughie to google too.

My guess is that there are no such numbers, because all binary numbers can be made up by adding together the fractions 1/(2n) depending on the place of the current digit.

submitted by /u/ipe369
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How strong of an Electric Field can humans be in before Dielectric Breakdown makes it unliveable? would something else make the situation unliveable before this even occurs?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 11:55 AM PDT

Is peanut butter a solid or a liquid?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 03:18 PM PDT

its been a long argument between a friend and I (both work in medical labs).

submitted by /u/sammccarty
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How do multi-dimensional matrices work (e.g., multiplication of 2 4D-matrices)?

Posted: 07 Apr 2016 02:14 AM PDT

I just can't wrap my head around matrices with higher dimensionality. E.g., something like X = A * B, where A, B in |Ra x b x c x d. I can't imagine how this would work and am also not able to find a general rule for how to multiply matrices like these.

submitted by /u/Graebson
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If I rotate an object, do its atoms rotate too?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 09:41 PM PDT

Basically what I am asking is when I rotate, say, a metal bar, its orientation changes. But do the atoms that comprise it change their orientation with it, or do they remain static in their orientation?

Alternately, is the atom's orientation just random and unset, and just constantly changing direction regardless of what I do to the object's position?

submitted by /u/Liam_Shotson
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