Pages

Wednesday, April 6, 2016

Why are the "I'm not a robot" captcha checkboxes separate from the actual action button? Why can't the button itself do the human detection?

Why are the "I'm not a robot" captcha checkboxes separate from the actual action button? Why can't the button itself do the human detection?


Why are the "I'm not a robot" captcha checkboxes separate from the actual action button? Why can't the button itself do the human detection?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 07:55 AM PDT

To what extent, if any, is finished concrete such as that found in most urban structures reuseable and recyclable?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 05:38 AM PDT

Just wondering about limestones as a finite resource for the concrete industry. What are the constraints on the efficiency of the hypothetical recycling of concrete? If it is technically possible, what would be the economic constraints on doing so?

submitted by /u/Gargatua13013
[link] [comments]

How does carbon dating accurately work considering all of the molecules likely come from beyond ancient supernova?

Posted: 06 Apr 2016 06:55 AM PDT

I'm just confused.

submitted by /u/tim_buck2
[link] [comments]

How deep do Ocean currents go? Do they affect the water at the bottom of areas like the Mariana Trench?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 07:38 AM PDT

I was wondering if the water that sits at the bottom of some of the deepest trenches ever circulates with the rest of the water above it. Or is the water that's down there now, the same water that's been down there for thousands of years?

submitted by /u/gefasel
[link] [comments]

What would be the result if we somehow trap photons in closed metallic sphere that is as reflective as a mirror on the inside?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 09:40 PM PDT

Would that would produce heat from all the back and forth reflection?

EDIT: I am assuming 100% reflectivity.

submitted by /u/0x08F437
[link] [comments]

Are there different mitochondrial "Eves" found in the DNA of ancient humans?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 09:41 PM PDT

I'm aware of analyses of mitochondrial DNA that give us a general age for the female ancestor of all current humans, but have similar analyses been done on more ancient human remains (the more ancient the better) that indicate a different mitochondrial "Eve" for these ancient populations?

submitted by /u/Atheos_canadensis
[link] [comments]

Why does rain come down as drops and not all at once?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 07:42 AM PDT

Shouldn't all multicellular organisms develop some sort of cancer given enough time?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 10:11 PM PDT

What makes the electronic configurations of transition metals so unique?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 06:30 PM PDT

Current undergrad here taking a level 1000 course.

(By unique I meant that I'm unable to grasp what's going on microscopically.. :( )

According to the one electron system approximation/model, the 4s atomic orbitals have a lower energy levels, translating into stability for the system and thus getting filled first. This leads to (n)s subshells being filled first, before moving into (n-1)d subshells.

Traditionally, this would be that the electrons in the d subshells are of higher energy levels, and thus would be favorably removed when ionization occurs, yet this is not the case for transition metals e.g:

  • Sr has electronic configuration [Ar]3d1 4s2
  • Sr+ has electronic configuration [Ar]3d1 4s1, where the electron is removed from the supposedly lower energy subshell (4s) instead of (3d).

This question then extends to Nickel, which has electronic configuration:

  • Ni = [Ar] 3d8 4s2
  • Ni+ = [Ar] 3d9, indicating a simultaneous removal of an electron from the s subshell and the de-excitation into the d subshell.

Is there an explanation for what is occurring here?

I have done some reading which shows plots of energy levels of 4s and 3d subshells, indicating a crossover at around Z=21 (which is Sc), from thereupon which the 3d orbital has lower energy than the 4s orbital with an increasing energy gap. What is the significance of the gap here? I have slight exposure to Schrodinger's equations and energy level calculations, but is there an explanation besides the math which would help my understanding?

Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/Randilicious
[link] [comments]

why do all atomic masses have decimals if there are some elements that only have one isotope?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 06:34 PM PDT

Atomic masses are the weighted average of all the isotopes of the element; hence, the atomic mass is always in decimal form as a fractional average. But if some elements only have one isotope ( as is known (e.g. see digipac.ca/chemical/molemass/isotope1.htm), why would the atomic mass be in decimal form?

submitted by /u/sue1424
[link] [comments]

How does the drug 5-fluoroorotic acid select against URA3 in haploid S. cerevisiae?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 08:44 PM PDT

From my understanding, diploid yeast strains, specifically in Candida albicans, select against URA3 through homologous recombination. How does this selection work in a haploid strain? I've only been told that it "works" and I'm curious as to the mechanism of the selection.

submitted by /u/bjonik33
[link] [comments]

How did the discovery of DNA affect the field of taxonomy? Were dozens of species 'wiped out' by discovery of identical genetic profiles?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 07:42 AM PDT

Also, was there resistance from the taxonomy community due to the prestige was attached to naming new species? Are there species still considered 'distinct' despite functionally being identical genetically?

submitted by /u/Psyladine
[link] [comments]

Does quantum entanglement allow us to study some of the paradoxes associated with time travel?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 06:03 PM PDT

I recently came across this fascinating video of the Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser Experiment where a single photon passes through a double-slitted barrier and is subsequently split by a prism into two entangled photons. The first photon always goes to the same detector, D0. The second photon goes on a different path to meet a number of possible detectors. D0 doesn't give any way to determine which slit the original photon went through. However, the other detectors may or may not give that information, depending on their position.

Since the two particles are entangled, D0 will show either an interference pattern or a clumped pattern based on which detector the second photon hits. These results are always 100% correlated. Based on the detector the second photon hits, you will always know the pattern at D0. Also, based on the pattern at D0, you will know which of the possible detectors the second particle must have hit.

If the path to D0 is shorter than the paths to the other detectors, doesn't that mean we can predict the future with 100% certainty? If we make the paths of the other detectors extremely long, couldn't this give us time to attempt to change the results that we see at D0? In my mind this is analogous to the grandfather paradox - where the future is known, but somehow we are prevented from changing it.

This experiment seems awfully simple to set up. And it would appear to be simple to change the results after seeing D0. Has this been done before or is there something I don't understand?

Thanks!!!!

submitted by /u/parthian_shot
[link] [comments]

is there a reason our map is the direction it is?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 06:24 PM PDT

i saw a pic of a map of florida that was upside down to help tourists or something. i started to wonder if there is any reason that north america is on the top of the map and south america is below it. is there a scientific reason or did they just have to pick a direction?

submitted by /u/camaxtly
[link] [comments]

What causes light to slow when it travels through a medium?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 08:23 AM PDT

Is is theoretically possible for us on earth to create all the elements Synthetically?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 07:09 PM PDT

I know we have created a bunch of man-made elements. It also seems we can synthetically make a couple of natural ones. How about all the rest?

submitted by /u/djamp42
[link] [comments]

Is space the same as distance?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 05:20 PM PDT

And wouldn't distortions of space likewise distort everything within it to the same degree?

submitted by /u/MonsignorFrollo
[link] [comments]

Is there such a thing as an "anti" catalyst?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 04:30 PM PDT

Basically, is there something that can raise the amount of energy needed for a reaction?

submitted by /u/Homato
[link] [comments]

So stars ever flat out collide during the rotation of a galaxy?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 01:17 PM PDT

Like are we likely to collide with another star or is the gaps that big?

submitted by /u/IM_NOT_DEADFOOL
[link] [comments]

Why is there no desert zone between the temperate and tropical zones on the Asian east coast?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 12:40 PM PDT

Are humans capable of Unihemispheric Slow-wave Sleep?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 07:20 AM PDT

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unihemispheric_slow-wave_sleep

USWS has been observed in marine mammals.

Evolution might favor human USWS sleepers because of the ability to 'keep watch' overnight from predators and hostile forces.

Has USWS been observed in sleep deprived people such as soldiers stationed in hostile contexts for extended periods? Has USWS been observed in humans in the lab?

Is it possible for a human to train themselves to enter USWS on demand?

I've seen some hints that one hemisphere of the brain may need more sleep than the other. Does USWS always happen on the same side of the brain or can it happen on alternate hemispheres?

If a person is completely blind in one eye, do the hemispheres still share the same Circadian Rhythm (no light stimulation of one hemisphere)? If so, do these people experience USWS more commonly?

submitted by /u/vtjohnhurt
[link] [comments]

Can any bacteria survive the boiling point of water?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 09:28 PM PDT

Tuesday, April 5, 2016

If I have a column of water 100' tall and 2 meters in diameter and I scuba dive to the bottom of that, is the pressure the same as if I were 100' down in the ocean?

If I have a column of water 100' tall and 2 meters in diameter and I scuba dive to the bottom of that, is the pressure the same as if I were 100' down in the ocean?


If I have a column of water 100' tall and 2 meters in diameter and I scuba dive to the bottom of that, is the pressure the same as if I were 100' down in the ocean?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 08:37 AM PDT

I went to the aquarium this week and while watching the fish in the tank, I wondered if the pressure was the same at the bottom of the tank as in the ocean. I know pressure doubles increases by 1 atm roughly every 33 feet, so in the ocean the pressure at 100' should be about 3 4 atm. Is it the same in a tank?

edited for accuracy...

submitted by /u/DavidTigerFan
[link] [comments]

Why do the laws of thermodynamics seem to be immutable by time, gravity, etc.?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 04:14 AM PDT

In the past 200 years of science we have seen that many laws of nature have an limit when confronted with high acceleration, immense gravity fields, high energy/heat, etc. Only thermodynamics we seem to have an undying faith that it will never change or break down. In many discussions related to black holes, the death and potential rebirth of our universe, etc - the obedience of thermodynamics is a primary concern (see for exmaple https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe#Big_Crunch). Compared to other laws of nature that scientists seem to have doubts over if they will even function properly under similar conditions.

submitted by /u/a_is_for_a
[link] [comments]

Why can we digest fats but not plastics when both are mostly hydrocarbon chains?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 12:04 AM PDT

For example, some saturated fats differ from polyethylene only in the chain end group (and total length). Is 'cracking' that end group the key to unraveling the rest of the chain? If so, what's so hard about breaking an extra C-H bond?

submitted by /u/bnoooogers
[link] [comments]

How did beavers pass down the ability to build dams?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 08:21 PM PDT

What is the difference between general and special relativity?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 05:14 PM PDT

will mass from a Neutron star "expand" into known elements if removed from the gravitational effects of the star ?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 03:43 PM PDT

so I kind of understand that its Neutronium and basically matter made of only neutrons. but if I take the 100T teaspoon of the matter and lift it from the gravitational effects of the star would it just explode ? steal electrons/protons from anything around it or would it "decay" like a radioactive into other elements ?

submitted by /u/electronicat
[link] [comments]

What is the smallest possible Goldilocks zone for any star?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 10:27 PM PDT

I just finished reading the second Ringworld book and it got me thinking about the smallest possible Ringworld that could be built and inhabited. Niven's Ringworld has a circumference just slightly larger than Earth's orbit (5.9x108 versus 5.84x108 miles). If it was as wide as the Earth is from pole to pole (it is actually much larger), the ring would still have 76 thousand times the surface area of Earth. (Using a series of rough math and quick googling.)

submitted by /u/leadchipmunk
[link] [comments]

Which is more toxic Br or Cl gas and why?

Posted: 05 Apr 2016 03:25 AM PDT

I'm trying to understand in basic chemistry my understanding is that both of these gasses are found in molecular form so from what I understand molecular should be relatively stable with a full octet.

however from what I understand they are highly toxic, why is that?

submitted by /u/Centipede9000
[link] [comments]

Why does the Milky Way make a U shape across the sky?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 04:23 PM PDT

If we're on the outside of a flat disk looking toward the center, you would expect it to be straight across, but it takes up a U shape across the sky?

submitted by /u/sjwsgonnasjw
[link] [comments]

Why is the Doppler shift equation for mechanical waves different for a moving emitter and a moving listener?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 02:54 PM PDT

Intuitively, it seems like they should be identical.

submitted by /u/hannawillneverfindme
[link] [comments]

How to describe the interactions between two wave functions?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 03:19 PM PDT

In all the examples I found, one derives only the wavefunction of one unknown particle. The probably most popular example is the electron in the potential of a hydrogen atom, where the potential is described by letting the proton is thought to be at rest. But that neglects the wave function of the proton, that of course also behaves according to quantum mechanics. This leads me to the conclusion that we got to have a way to describe the interaction of two (EDIT: multiple) particles, described with their wave function.

submitted by /u/WorldsBegin
[link] [comments]

Is there a conflict between Klein's paradox and Black holes?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 02:09 PM PDT

I've recently discovered Klein paradox . It appears to be in conflict with the idea of a black hole, or is this illusory only? (My hypothesis is there is no potential barrier in black holes at all, but I'm not sure)

submitted by /u/darkmighty
[link] [comments]

what would happen if one stopped having social contacts?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 12:54 PM PDT

Is social interaction a natural need like eating and drinking?

submitted by /u/wjwwjw
[link] [comments]

If I had a steel tube, say 2" in diameter, vacuum sealed and 30,000' high and dropped a marble down it, would that marble create a huge crater bursting through the bottom into the earth since terminal velocity has been removed?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 11:01 AM PDT

How does proton decay time work?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 10:27 AM PDT

I understand the basics of particle decay, but I'm a little confused as to the extremely long decay time of the proton (longer than the age of the universe itself). What causes a particle to undergo an extremely long time for decay as compared to more instable particles, which decay in fractions of a second? And does it mean that matter will all sort of... eventually disappear?

submitted by /u/annadane
[link] [comments]

Why is the sphere of influence of a planet like Neptune or Saturn larger than that of Jupiter?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 07:20 AM PDT

Apologies if this ends up being a double post, I asked the question about 5 days prior, but it appears not to have been posted, and I was unable to find in while searching this sub-reddit.

I'd like to start by prefacing that my knowledge of this topic is relatively limited, and entirely self-taught.

In reading up on a whole bunch of different aspects of astrodynamics, I came across the concepts of sphere of influence, Lagrangian points, etc., and while I've come to understand most of what I am reading, I'm a bit unclear on why the sphere of influence of a large planet like Jupiter, would be smaller than that of a smaller planet like Saturn or Neptune (source is Wikipedia)).

My theories are that is has to do with the density of the planet (?), or maybe it's proximity to the Sun (?), but alas, I am not actually sure.

submitted by /u/auburnquill
[link] [comments]

Why does the Jacobian for polar coordinates looks similar to the rotation matrix around the z-axis?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 09:37 AM PDT

The only difference being the radius rho

submitted by /u/En_Taro_Adun
[link] [comments]

Are quarks and electrons really indivisible?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 01:11 PM PDT

I read somewhere that quarks and electrons are indivisible. How can we know that? As far as I know, the term "atom" means indivisible in greek, which shows we once thought the atom was indivisible as well. It's hard for me to understand how something can exist without being made of anything else, it just exists.

submitted by /u/pedmacedo
[link] [comments]

Monday, April 4, 2016

How do surgeons attach a donated piece of liver to a patient's circulatory system when it's "cut out" from a living donor?

How do surgeons attach a donated piece of liver to a patient's circulatory system when it's "cut out" from a living donor?


How do surgeons attach a donated piece of liver to a patient's circulatory system when it's "cut out" from a living donor?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 05:54 PM PDT

Why do rabbits hop, even over short distances? Is it something about their bones and muscles, or could a rabbit be trained to walk?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 06:56 PM PDT

I've never seen a rabbit attempt to walk. Even if they only need to reach some grass that's just barely out of reach, they move both front legs, and then hop their back legs.

Is there something about rabbit physiology that makes them hop? Do their bones and muscles make walking difficult?

submitted by /u/ImSomebodyNow
[link] [comments]

Why do solar panels use Silicon cells rather than a metal with a lower work function, such as Cesium/Caesium?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 09:37 AM PDT

Silicon has a work function of 4.05eV, whereas Cesium/Caesium which is 2.1eV. Surely solar panels made with one of the many other metals with a lower work function would produce a higher electrical output?

submitted by /u/tommlangleyy
[link] [comments]

On a cellular level, what's the difference between tough skin like what's on the souls of our feet, and more sensitive/fragile skin like our lips, eyelids or...other bits?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 09:16 AM PDT

What exactly does the Yang-Mills and Mass Gap problem attempt to explain and why is it so difficult to solve?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 08:25 PM PDT

Why is playing games fun?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 09:28 AM PDT

I understand why eating food, or having sex can gives us pleasure, since it makes sense biologically, we need to do those things to survive and procreate, but why does playing games gives us "pleasure"?
And to be a bit more general, why are some things satisfying and others aren't? Like watching a good movie and watching a bad movie.

Is our brain capable of training itself to feel pleasure from activities that would otherwise not cause any pleasure?

submitted by /u/2Punx2Furious
[link] [comments]

Can we say that the efficiency of an heating device (in term of energy converted) is 100% ?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 08:34 AM PDT

Usually when converting energy from one 'kind' to another (electrical to mechanical, thermal to electrical, etc.) there are always losses and most of the time, it is thermal loss (friction, Joule effect, ...) But if the purpose of the conversion is to heat stuff up, then it is not really 'loss', is it ? And then the ratio of 'useful energy output' from energy input can be considered 100% ?

submitted by /u/Omfraax
[link] [comments]

Why do the walls in this Redbull can start to buckle outward at even locations under a hydraullic press? (Link inside)

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 04:49 PM PDT

Have we been able to bond any noble gas element with any metal, and if so, what is the longest we've been able to maintain this bond?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 06:27 PM PDT

Just wondering if there are any computational, theoretical, or experimental areas as far as this subject goes. I'm a applied math student who will be attending school for graduate level physics next semester, and I'm very interested in this subject. Very specific on the noble gas + metal, for example argon and gold or something of that nature. Maybe some sort of high vacuum and high energy process to create these bonds, if only temporarily. Thanks in advance for any answers!

submitted by /u/MrMcMoo
[link] [comments]

What stops the successive hits and jerky movements of running and jumping from causing brain damage?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 06:15 PM PDT

How do tree cells know to divide primarily upward and only a little bit outward?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 06:09 PM PDT

Trees will grow feet upward each year, but only a millimeter or two outward. If cells were to divide randomly, I would assume trees would be like wooden balls, so the cells clearly don't just divide in random directions. Are there internal mechanisms inside each cell that let them know which direction is which?

submitted by /u/IronicCompound
[link] [comments]

What is it about water or bismuth that makes it expand when it freezes?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 04:48 PM PDT

Water expands when it turns into ice, and that's how ice weathering works. But what is it about water and other substances (bismuth, gallium, germanium, etc.) that makes it do that?

submitted by /u/TitaniumBot
[link] [comments]

How is CO2 the leading cause of climate change while comprising less than 1% of the atmosphere?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 05:18 PM PDT

This isn't a troll post. I don't have an agenda. I'm trying to understand where the scientists are coming from. By looking at this graph, it would seem to be that a doubling (or however much) of CO2 would make a very negligible difference in the overall greenhouse effect.

http://m.imgur.com/vSJnLVe

Added: Most graphs found ONLY show the man-made contributions and gases like CO2, which when looked at alone, does seem alarming. But if water vapor really does comprise the vast majority of the greenhouse effect, obviously it should be taken into consideration as well, I would think.

Source: http://www.geocraft.com/WVFossils/greenhouse_data.html

submitted by /u/Kinetic11
[link] [comments]

Is Mayonnaise a compressible fluid?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 04:18 PM PDT

I know it's technically a colloid. I'm working on a question from an eve friend who wants to make a mayonnaise jet pack.

submitted by /u/A_Mouse_In_Da_House
[link] [comments]

How much longer does a second last for someone on Earth compared to someone floating in outer space?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 12:23 PM PDT

If I understand it correctly, the fastest you travel through space the slower you travel through time, and time also goes more slowly as the gravitational force acting on you increases. So is it possible to calculate the amount of time dilatation we are undergoing on Earth?

submitted by /u/lava_soul
[link] [comments]

Do different instruments (voice, piano, drums etc.) utilize different parts of the brain?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 04:09 PM PDT

I was wondering if the brain activity of musicians differ from one to the next? I am a psychology student, so my understanding is that brain activity is not completely localized and that an action can not always be attributed to a specific region.

I'm not quite sure if this question makes much sense..

submitted by /u/Shredder1219
[link] [comments]

Do species with shorter reproductive cycles evolve "faster"?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 07:03 AM PDT

As in, do we see the process of evolution affect creatures like small birds quicker than creatures like elephants and humans?

submitted by /u/evenstevens280
[link] [comments]

Will the continents on Earth eventually collide once again and form another Pangaea?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 07:42 AM PDT

Or have they stabilized on their positions?

submitted by /u/Shitstaynes
[link] [comments]

Do mirror neurons behave in a different way for people who lack the ability to recognize faces?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 04:08 PM PDT

[Biology] Why aren't more organisms omnivores?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 05:28 PM PDT

Wouldn't it be an evolutionary benefit to be omnivorous? You could eat like, a lot more shit.

submitted by /u/iamthegratest
[link] [comments]

Why does the inner cone of a double-cone Bunsen burner flame contain hot but not burning natural gas?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 06:14 PM PDT

When stirring sugar into my coffee, why does the pitch of the sound change?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 01:44 PM PDT

The pitch of the clinking of the spoon against the glass gets lower as I stir. Does the dissolved sugar change it somehow?

submitted by /u/cdnball
[link] [comments]

Why is mathematics so applicable to all the phenomena we can observe and describe in the universe?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 01:31 PM PDT

Everything can be explained mathematically. Why?

submitted by /u/EyeOfSol
[link] [comments]

Why are things slippery?

Posted: 04 Apr 2016 01:24 AM PDT