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Sunday, April 3, 2016

Why can you rename, or change the path of, an open file in OS X but not Windows?

Why can you rename, or change the path of, an open file in OS X but not Windows?


Why can you rename, or change the path of, an open file in OS X but not Windows?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 08:23 AM PDT

What would happen if you took a chunk of bismuth into a room with an active MRI machine? Would it fly out of your hand and be shoved against the wall?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 05:10 PM PDT

Why do Newton's corrections to critical pressure and temperature exist for hydrogen and helium?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 07:49 AM PDT

In my chemical engineering book, we are told to adjust the critical pressure and temperature of hydrogen and helium by 8K and 8 atm when calculating reduced pressure and temperature.

Why?

Why are the actual values 8K and 8 atm lower? why not just define them as the corrected value?

submitted by /u/LiveClimbRepeat
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What are the factors that affext the fundamental frequency of a wine glass?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 07:12 AM PDT

In a wine glass, how would the length of the water in the glass (height) affect the fundamental frequency. Also would the thickness on the glass rim affect the fundamental frequency also.

submitted by /u/Onpieceisfun
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My muscles will sometimes twitch at a regular frequency, often when held in a strange position. What determines the frequency?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 11:21 AM PDT

An example I could easily replicate is the twitching that affects my foot when I rest its arch against a narrow bar or beam (running perpendicular to the direction my foot is pointing). This twitching, also experienced occasionally in my fingers when holding my hand in a weird position, is always set to a constant frequency.

submitted by /u/SirNanigans
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Can gravitational waves escape black holes?

Posted: 03 Apr 2016 12:12 AM PDT

[Biology] Is the inside of a resting neuron negative, or just MORE negative (a.k.a. less positive, but still positive) than the extracellular fluid surrounding it?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 04:41 PM PDT

I've been looking at YT videos and various websites for a while now and they seem to use vague language in describing this

submitted by /u/InnocentAlgae
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If cell membranes are made of lipids, and detergent dissolves lipids, why doesn't soap dissolve our skin?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 02:56 PM PDT

How and when do trees decide where they will start "branching" off?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 09:39 AM PDT

Why is my sense of touch regarding moisture wonky when it is cold/chilly?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 03:42 PM PDT

For my family, I am the laundry engineer and have issues sometimes telling when items are "really" dry out of the dryer or off the clothing line. I have THE WORST time telling if textiles are still damp when they are slightly cold. Why is this? It seems like cold/chilly temps are cryptonite for my sense of touch regarding moisture.

submitted by /u/LuckyJenny
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Is a configuration possible where an antiproton replaces the electron in a hydrogen atom?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 03:06 PM PDT

I know that electrons don't orbit nuclei in the same way planets orbit the sun, but I understand that in some sense the electron stays where it is because of a balance between electrostatic attraction pulling it in, and (some kind of quantum-y) centrifugal force pulling it outwards. If you replaced the electron with an antiproton, the electrostatic attraction would be equal at the same distance, but the antiproton's higher mass would mean it wouldn't need to move as fast. Would it be possible to get the proton and antiproton to 'orbit' each other in this way without annihilating? Could you even have, say, a neon nucleus with 10 antiprotons whizzing around it? Might this be possible only at extremely low temperatures, or only for minute periods of time, or under some other weird conditions?

submitted by /u/hvetinari
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Are there any shapes that can't be split into n shapes of equal size using a compass and straightedge?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 12:16 PM PDT

I was thinking about squaring the circle and how it is impossible, and I was wondering about other things that would be impossible to do with a compass and straightedge. I then got to thinking about splitting a circle into sections of equal area, and could think easily about how to split it in half, but not sure about how it could be split into thirds or fifths. Then I started thinking about other shapes that couldn't be split in half, or at least I couldn't split in half. One shape I thought of was the section bounded by a vertical parabola and a non horizontal or vertical line. I wasn't sure of how to split it in half, and I'm not even sure if it is possible.

submitted by /u/Artillect
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How do astronomers know how far a star or galaxy is from us?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 09:30 PM PDT

Why is hydrogen so prevalent all over the world in oceans and other bodies of water, yet almost completely nonexistent in our atmosphere?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 08:52 AM PDT

Our atmosphere is almost completely composed of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon. Why not hydrogen?

submitted by /u/Chappy26
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If someone inside a box were to tell you that the cat is for certain either alive or dead and no longer in the superposition, is that enough information for the wave function to collapse for you?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 12:21 PM PDT

I'm pretty sure that wave functions being collapsed or not is related to where information of it is available. For instance, a person inside a box with the cat would collapse the wave function for it, and would be either alive or dead. But a person outside the box would still experience the cat being in the super position because the cat being alive or dead is dependent on the atom decaying, which is interpreted as being in a super position.

The fact that a person is in the box observing the cat does not change this for the people outside the box, and we would perceive the person as thinking the cat is alive, and thinking the cat is dead, in super position.

This only happens because they are linked to the decaying atom, if instead we told a person to go into a box, and flip a coin, and shoot the cat if it is heads, we would know that the cat is either alive or dead but not both because a coin flip is not in superposition at any point since it is not related to quantum mechanics.

Is my above interpretation correct? And if so, would someone passing a note that said the cat is for certain alive or dead constitute the required information leaking out for the wave function to collapse for the outside world? Meaning the way the outside world would need to see the box is more similar to the coin flip, meaning they don't know the answer, but they know there is a certain answer?

submitted by /u/Stewart_Norway
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What can happen with black dwarfs?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 09:26 PM PDT

I don't have very much knowledge about astronomy, so if I made any mistakes or false conclusions, please correct me.

When our sun dies, it'll turn into a white dwarf. The white dwarf would be pretty hot and slowly cool down over time. After "a while", it'd turn into a black dwarf.

According to Wikipedia, most white dwarfs have a mass of roughly half the sun and the size of the earth, so I'll take this as my/our example.

Would that white dwarf, when it's cooled down and turned into a black dwarf (temperature of 5K), be the same mass and volume?

Could that black dwarf be captured in a different solar system and behave like a planet?

If the black dwarf would be captured in the habitable zone of a solar system and we'd add water and everything that's important for life, to it, would it be able to "create" life there or would it start being a "proper" star again?

submitted by /u/tombue
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Why are relatively light nuclei(graphite) used to thermalise neutrons in nuclear reactions rather than heavier nuclei(metals)?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 08:57 PM PDT

is it the smaller distances between them in the lattice?

submitted by /u/theDyslxec
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What part of a human's brain takes part in informing you that you are thirsty? Can't find the answer anywhere.

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 10:53 AM PDT

What did people do about hemroides before medicine?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 07:41 PM PDT

Did they have a berries and herb cure or did the live out the rest of there days with an itchy bumhole?

submitted by /u/pancakelife
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Saturday, April 2, 2016

What animal produces the most-developed offspring, that is closest to their adult form at birth in terms of size, proportions, and abilities?

What animal produces the most-developed offspring, that is closest to their adult form at birth in terms of size, proportions, and abilities?


What animal produces the most-developed offspring, that is closest to their adult form at birth in terms of size, proportions, and abilities?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 09:59 PM PDT

  • I know there are broad classes of animals that give birth to relatively mature, self-sufficient offspring. My question is which species produces the most mature, closest-to-adulthood offspring of them all.
  • Offspring that start pretty unlike adults, but mature quickly don't count. I'm asking about their state at birth (so not "X species of rodent has young that are blind, hairless, and helpless but they're fully grown three-weeks later.")
  • Offspring that are born similar to adults, but just much smaller also aren't quite what I'm getting at. I'm asking what animal has young that are well-developed in terms of form and capabilities, but also born closest to adult size (so not "X species of squid has young that are miniature, fully-capable versions of the adults, but they're 1/1000th the size and won't be fully grown for another ten years.")
submitted by /u/translucent
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Whenever I buy a lottery ticket I remind myself that 01-02-03-04-05-06 is just as likely to win as any other combination. But I can't bring myself to pick such a set of numbers as my mind just won't accept the fact that results will ever be so ordered. What is the science behind this misconception?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 05:53 AM PDT

Would the amount of sand affect the speed of a water wave?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 04:16 AM PDT

Hello.

So I kind of get that changing the medium would change the speed of the save. However, does changing the amount of sand at the bottom of the water change it whatsoever then? Would the sand be part of the medium, or would it change the medium by altering the water depth etc.?

Thanks!!

submitted by /u/NAMukato
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What is the quantum explanation for the absorption of light by matter?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 07:15 AM PDT

I do spectroscopy for a living and am trying to better understand the fundamentals of the systems I study. I understand that the position of an electron can be described as a standing wave. I understand Maxwell's equations (well, I have a working knowledge), and I think I understand that the E field of an EM wave will apply a force to the electron causing a shift in the distribution function. How could you formally show this interaction and resulting absorption/coupling for a simple light-matter interaction in quantum terms?

submitted by /u/ouemt
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Is there a safe, available set of liquids that would be luminescent after being combined, but not before?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 08:06 AM PDT

I hope that today is not the wrong day to ask. I understand that it is April 1st, however I'm trying to find out for my wedding ceremony.

The desired result would be in a unity ceremony, my fiance and I pour two liquids (not glowing) from our containers into a third, larger container, and that liquid begins to glow after. We are getting married at midnight on a full moon night in September on the water. And we thought that the glow would be a nice touch.

Ideally it would be phosphorescent or fluorescent afterwards. But the luminescent property is more important.

We were told that we would be able to take apart glow sticks and dilute the parts in ethyl acetate, but I'm not sure how that would work, since part of a glow stick is a solid substance that is broken.

Thank you for your help.

submitted by /u/soberdude
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Why is it so easy for us to remember and describe images and sounds but so difficult to retain smells and scents?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 08:40 PM PDT

For example I was walking through an area of my local park and caught a wiff off something. I instantly remembered the smell (though I wasn't sure what it was) and then couldn't remember or mentally recreate the smell when I left that area.

submitted by /u/Imtherealwaffle
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Map projections have freely accessible equations that govern how the globe is portrayed two dimensionally. Earth isn't spherical, it is an oblong spheroid. Do those equations account for that? And can they be applied to other celestial objects of different shapes?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 06:10 AM PDT

Is it possible to build a radio laser?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 08:17 PM PDT

It would be surprising to me if it's not physically possible since I assume the basic principles would also apply to the radio spectrum. So if it is possible, how/why do longer wavelengths make a radio laser impractical?

submitted by /u/MauiHawk
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[Math] [Psychology] Are there any studies about our intuitions of math?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 07:50 AM PDT

I'm wondering in particular about the differences in these phrases:

Increased by 50% vs 50% more

Increased by 150% vs 150% more

Increased to 150% vs 150% of

Decreased by 50% vs decreased to 50% vs decreased by 150%

5x faster vs 5x as fast

I've just noticed that I tend to have to clarify with most people what precisely they mean mathematically when they use these terms.

submitted by /u/Scraendor
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How is the force of a magnetic field related to the distance between two permanent magnets, a permanent magnet and a paramagnet, and a permanent magnet and a steel plate?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 06:41 AM PDT

In the case of aligned North to South poles, it would seem that the force should go as the 4th power (inverse square for each magnet) - yet it seems to go as the 3rd power of the distance.

Is the case very much different for paramagnetic materials (particles) or iron plates?

submitted by /u/Secret_Testing
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Couldn't there be a theoretical cap to entropy in a system?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 07:37 AM PDT

I'm a humanities major, so take it easy on me here... but, according to the Laws of Thermodynamics, if entropy approaches a constant value as we get closer to absolute zero (which we've never reached, if I am correct--but gotten terribly close), then wouldn't the entropy of a system be capped at -273K?

I will probably add on to this question as I receive replies...Thanks!

submitted by /u/WaAhLcK
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What is the science behind "seasoning cast iron pans"?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 05:03 AM PDT

Why when I throw an object in the air in a moving vehicle, such as a bus, does in not fly to the back?

Posted: 02 Apr 2016 03:41 AM PDT

I always assumed that once the object left contact with anything in the vehicle, then it would move independently of the vehicle?

submitted by /u/TheHornyToothbrush
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Are there any theorems that relate prime numbers to polynomials?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 06:10 PM PDT

Are there any interesting theorems that relate these two things? Sorry if this is a broad question

submitted by /u/CaptainLocoMoco
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How does our body tell the difference between touch and pain?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 07:03 PM PDT

What is happening at a nerve level. I understand that the sensory neurone sends a message to the brain, but how does the brain know how to interpret that message?

submitted by /u/FrenchButcher
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How do we measure the mass of particles i.e. electron, protons etc?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 04:40 PM PDT

It's my understanding that's electrons, muons and tau and nearly identical, at least in their charge. But they differer only in mass. How do we measure the mass of these particles?

Thanks!

submitted by /u/iTechie
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Is there a particular shape coffee/tea cup that keeps the beverage hotter, longer?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 07:11 AM PDT

I'm a pretty slow coffee drinker, so it tends to cool off quite a bit before I get to drink it all. So, usually, it's not palatable by the time I get around to wanting to finish it off. I got to thinking this morning, is there a shape of cup in which the surface area or distribution of the drink would allow it to stay at a higher temperature over time?

I am fully aware that I can use a cup with a lid or a thermos, but I'm more so curious if anyone with a knowledge of Thermodynamics (or whatever field this would apply to) would have an answer to the best shape coffee mug for retaining temp and why it would do so.

Thanks!

submitted by /u/Papagayo_blanco
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Why are cargo ships rounded off on the bottom?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 06:53 PM PDT

With the idea that the more volume, the more water displaced, the greater buoyant force, why are cargo ships rounded inward on the bottom rather than shaped like a large cargo box. Wouldn't the ship be able to hold more with the increase volume by extending the size of the bottom?

For example this: https://goo.gl/hSSX1A rather than a full rectangular bottom?

submitted by /u/the_chosen_one2
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Friday, April 1, 2016

Updates to AskScience Flair Policy

Updates to AskScience Flair Policy


Updates to AskScience Flair Policy

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 09:41 PM PDT

Hello /r/AskScience! As you know, we have opted to represent different scientific disciplines using our colored flair system. Well, after much internal discussion, we have opted to make a new change to how we are representing these disciplines. Science has evolved to the point where is now an unprecedented level of overlap between fields. We want /r/AskScience to better represent this reality, something that can be lacking on the internet.

To show how much we are all truly multidisciplinary experts, we are changing our flair system to a multicolored spectrum. The quality of the answers you receive is always our top concern, and we want to ensure you know what kind of answer you are getting. Happy sciencing!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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In diagrams where massive objects bend spacetime, what is depicted on the hight axis?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 06:18 PM PDT

Take for example this picture: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Spacetime_lattice_analogy.svg/1260px-Spacetime_lattice_analogy.svg.png

What is on the hight axis (z-axis) How should one interpret such a graph? Secondly, in animations like this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GhkWuIDzpc, spacetime seems to bend "The other way"? what implications does that have?

submitted by /u/Dave37
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How does your body produce keratin and what can you do to control the amount it produces?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 06:51 PM PDT

How do scientists know that the red shift means the universe is expansing and it doesnt mean that other stars are moving away from us through empty space?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 01:43 PM PDT

How is the red shift of stars any diffferent than the red shift i would get if I launched a rocket away from earth wirh a bright light. Both indicate they are moving away from us?

submitted by /u/Memomo145
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Would it be feasible to shoot trash and radioactive waste into the sun or into space? What would the pro´s and cons be?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 11:48 AM PDT

I was just thinking about it and i can´t seem to make negative sides to it, and it seems like a good way to rid ourselves of radioactive waste more easily than to store it in mountains.

submitted by /u/SmokeyJoesAreSmall
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In what ways does dark matter interact with other dark matter?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 05:34 PM PDT

How does quantum indeterminism affect macroscopic events?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 09:42 PM PDT

Can quantum indeterminant events snowball/butterfly effect into changes at larger scales, or does it not affect anything beyond the movement of particles? Do all states of affairs observable to us with the naked eye still obtain out of necessity as in classical determinism?

submitted by /u/hail_pan
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What constitutes as "bend in spacetime"?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 04:27 PM PDT

What exactly are the factors contributing to this phrase?

submitted by /u/not_a_mudkip
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Where does body heat come from?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 03:42 PM PDT

I understand that blood is warm and the cardiovascular system distributes blood/oxygen/heat throughout the body, but how does the blood get hot in the first place?

submitted by /u/fibbonazi
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How is new genetic information created?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 05:44 PM PDT

I have a basic understanding of evolution and am curious about how new genetic information is created/introduced. From what I understand, imperfect replication of RNA plays a big part but I would love to understand this better.

submitted by /u/TheSkepticTexan
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How much of the sky is being searched for incoming asteroids?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 02:07 PM PDT

Have we searched a certain radius so we know nothing will hit us in say, the next week, month, or year? Thanks!

submitted by /u/medicine_is_fun
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In the double slit experiment, why is coincidence counting needed?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 05:00 PM PDT

I know there are many different setups of this experiment. I'm referring to this one here: http://grad.physics.sunysb.edu/~amarch/

While I understand the overall experiment, I'm not sure what the coincidence counting is needed for. I've read elsewhere on the web that it's used to distinguish the entangled photons from stray light and background noise. However, if it's only used for that, wouldn't that in theory allow FTL communication, if we were somehow able to get rid of the noise in a different way?

submitted by /u/cloogshicer
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Because temperature affects the speed of sound, how slow could the cold bring down the speed of sound?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 06:14 PM PDT

I assume it's not possible for sound to not move at all. I'm not exactly sure how this works other than temperature affecting energy levels.

submitted by /u/jewchbag
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It's possible to explain the gravitational force with geometry, as the curvature of spacetime. Is it possible to explain other forces (like electromagnetic force) with geometry too?

Posted: 01 Apr 2016 04:57 AM PDT

Does microwaving thermoplastics (Polycaprolactone) affect their performance or give off fumes?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 04:16 PM PDT

Microwaving is the easiest way to distribute heat on a thicker piece of Polycaprolactone but I'm not sure of health risks or material damage.

It can be synthesized with microwave radiation but I'm not sure whether further exposure to the radiation would weaken it similar to how resins get embrittled from UV exposure after the initial curing.

Also, healthwise, PCL is labelled non-toxic, bio-degradable, etc. I'm not sure if that takes other scenarios like microwaving into account.

submitted by /u/YiSC
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Can we make quantum weapons?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 02:35 PM PDT

There are really two parts to my question. The first relates to the history of the Manhattan Project. I knew it was a huge (multi?) national effort and the goal was to make a weapon that would end WWII. I thought it was started in the early 40's but just read that it actually began in 1939. It never occurred to me that nuclear physics was still in its infancy and how much was still completely unknown or at least unsettled. The neutron had just been discovered 7 years earlier, and the theory of the neutron was only 4 years old?!? amazing! How after just a few short years did we suspect that making a weapon was practical or even possible?

Now roll the calendar forward 75+ years, is anyone asking if its possible or practical to make weapons based on quantum phenomena?

submitted by /u/Simusid
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How can frogs survive being frozen during winter ?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 07:38 AM PDT

from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-do-frogs-survive-wint/

"Partially frozen frog will stop breathing, and its heart will stop beating. It will appear quite dead. But when the hibernaculum warms up above freezing, the frog's frozen portions will thaw, and its heart and lungs resume activity"

How ? How can the heart start beating again automatically after being frozen for days/months ?

submitted by /u/Setepenre
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When doing Liquid Chromatography of vitamins, should you use a separate column (normal or reversed phase) for fat soluble vitamins than the one you use for water soluble vitamins?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 02:54 PM PDT

are the differences in structure and polarity of fat and water soluble vitamins such that I should use a normal phase (Nonpolar mobile phase, polar stationary phase) or a reversed phase (polar mobile phase, nonpolar stationary phase) when trying to separate them using LC?

submitted by /u/Mycotoxicjoy
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Why does Euler's number appear in physics?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 11:52 AM PDT

I understand that Euler's number is an infinite sum of 1/n!, but what I don't understand is why things like the decay and growth of nuclear radiation can be perfectly modeled by this number. I guess you can have this discussion with pi, but to me it is more obvious why pi comes up in physics, whenever the circumference of a circle is divided by its diameter, it's the nature of a circle, which come up often. But why do things in nature work by this infinite sum of reciprocal factorials?

submitted by /u/hyperbolicjosine
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Sun has an Oort cloud that extends to possibly 1ly away. Can supermassive stars like Betelgeuse have Oort clouds and how far away could they possibly extend from their parent star?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 01:52 PM PDT

Will the forces that is expanding the universe ever get strong enough to expand the space between atoms atoms?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 10:25 AM PDT

Why don't contractors use intermediate hoppers and pumps to transport fresh concrete to the top of skyscrapers?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 06:07 AM PDT

I'm a structural engineer, and in my field there's always a big hullabaloo when a contractor breaks the record for highest concrete pump on a skyscraper. Here's an example of what I'm talking about from back when they built the Burj Dubai. I've always wondered, why doesn't the contractor just set up a system of hoppers and pumps at intermittent heights, maybe 20 stories or something? That way each pump could pump at a reasonable pressure for a reasonable height and none of this custom designing would be necessary.

submitted by /u/Enginerdad
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Why does the nucleus of an atom increase in mass when it is broken apart?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 11:14 AM PDT

Why do the nucleons (protons and neutrons) of an atom weigh more when separated then when combined into a nucleus?

submitted by /u/Just4Fun_Media
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What were the earliest recorded cases of PTSD as a result of Warfare, and how were they treated?

Posted: 31 Mar 2016 08:22 AM PDT

Clarification: "PTSD" here meaning any documented psychological trauma that would fall under our definition of the term.

submitted by /u/Epoch-42
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