AskScience AMA: We are scientists in the food and feed laboratories that test imported products for dangerous pathogens as well as illegal dyes, metals, antibiotics and more. Ask us anything!

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• AskScience AMA: We are scientists in the food and feed laboratories that test imported products for dangerous pathogens as well as illegal dyes, metals, antibiotics and more. Ask us anything!
• Do super massive stars have a goldilocks zone?
• Are all black holes the same density?
• If we let a laptop on the ISS "freefall" and put a CD in the disk drive, would the laptop start spinning?
• Would an explosive missile be effective in space? Moreover, would concussive blasts have any effect?
• Why is solving a problem in 2D often "harder" than solving it in 3D?
• If I had a very fast and accurate camera, could I see a speaker cone move sample by sample?
• Ask Anything Wednesday - Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology
• How are methanogens able to produce energy?
• What does the overlap between the Wavelength ranges of different EM types mean for individual photons?
• What would a highly curved universe look like to an inside observer?
• Have there been any studies done on the effects of flushable wipes on the environment?
• Would I experience higher gravity at the top of a mountain or at the bottom of an ocean trench?
• We have harnessed kinetic and light energy (wind,sun) for our use, why have we not yet harnessed heat energy, from say volcanoes?
• Does anyone know what this is? It looked like an ECG strip running across the sky.
• How is it possible that we know of only a few (<20) species that engage in sex for pleasure, yet we have extensive lists of species that exhibit homosexual behavior?
• Is it possible to dehydrate an egg white without it denaturing?
• Does the speed of sound in water increase at high pressures?
• could there be another planet in our solarsystem?
• How big is the Asteroid Belt and how did it form?
• Where does the ultraviolet region of the spectrum Reeaaally start?

AskScience AMA: We are scientists in the food and feed laboratories that test imported products for dangerous pathogens as well as illegal dyes, metals, antibiotics and more. Ask us anything! Posted: 30 Mar 2016 04:37 AM PDT We are scientists at state food and feed laboratories. Among other things, we test products imported into the US for dangerous pathogens as well as illegal dyes, metals, antibiotics and more. In addition, we work with the Association for Public Health Laboratories (APHL) to assist food and animal feed testing laboratories to achieve, enhance and/or maintain accreditation to ISO/IEC 17025:2005. This accreditation is key to creating a national integrated food safety system. Accreditation Support for Food and Animal Feed Testing Laboratories Want to hear more about our work and the fascinating things we've come across? We will be back at 10 am EST (7 am PST, 3 pm UTC) to answer your questions, Ask us anything! We are: Cynthia Mangione, BA Food Laboratory Specialist 2 – Microbiology QAO Food Laboratory Division New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets Proof Stephanie Brock, BS Radiation Health Supervisor Radiation/Environmental Monitoring Section Radiation Health Branch Kentucky Department for Public Health Proof Edit: Our colleagues had various emergencies and are unable to participate today. Yeah, we're disappointed too. We do have some others on speed-dial if we need to phone a friend! Hopefully we can still answer all the questions you have and/or point you in the right direction. Edit: We're live! Thanks for having us! submitted by /u/FoodFeedLab [link] [comments]

Do super massive stars have a goldilocks zone? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 04:06 AM PDT And if so, how long would a year be on a planet within the zone? submitted by /u/Slyfir20 [link] [comments]

Are all black holes the same density? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 04:22 AM PDT submitted by /u/Effort_to_decent [link] [comments]

If we let a laptop on the ISS "freefall" and put a CD in the disk drive, would the laptop start spinning? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 04:17 AM PDT In fact, do we need a CD? Would the internal hard drive be enough to spin the laptop on its own? submitted by /u/BoxesOfSemen [link] [comments]

Would an explosive missile be effective in space? Moreover, would concussive blasts have any effect? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:52 AM PDT Basically, a friend and I were talking about Sci-fi writing, and space combat therein. Thinking about the weapons used against each other I thought about missiles and confounded myself with the question in the title. On the one hand, space is a vacuum, so there is no medium to convey the concussive force. But on the other hand, an explosive missile would create is own medium to convey the concussive force. Over a great distance, it would surely be less effective than in air, inverse square law etc as the gas expands. But in close proximity....would the pressure difference between the vacuum of space and the explosion actually cause the missile to be more effective? I'm probably missing something hilariously obvious, but now I'm curious. submitted by /u/HAZMATMKIV [link] [comments]

Why is solving a problem in 2D often "harder" than solving it in 3D? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 08:53 PM PDT For example, in my PDEs class we were able to derive the spherical means formula for the solution of the wave equation in 3D with a couple changes of variables and a little bit of work. But to derive it in 2D, we had to embed the problem in 3D but make it uniform across one of the spatial coordinates. This example in particular raises my question because it seems the obvious answer to my question is that 1D and 3D are somehow more "alike" than 1D and 2D because they are both odd dimensions, but the 1D spherical means formula (D'Alambert's solution) seems to share features of both the 2D and 3D cases, in that the 2D formula involves only averages over balls, the 3D formula involves only averages over spheres, and the 1D formula involves an average over a sphere and an average over a ball. I've also encountered this sort of situation in my statistical mechanics class. I forget what exactly we were deriving, but I believe it was something to do with magnetization and the expressions in 1D and 3D involved only hyperbolic trig functions while in the 2D case we encountered Bessel functions. submitted by /u/TheNTSocial [link] [comments]

If I had a very fast and accurate camera, could I see a speaker cone move sample by sample? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 10:27 PM PDT Let's assume we're playing CD audio through a speaker. Would each sample of the waveform be detectable as pauses or slowdowns of the cone? Sense suggests there would be capacitors "smoothing out" the waveform at higher frequencies, but surely some effect could remain? submitted by /u/PunishableOffence [link] [comments]

Ask Anything Wednesday - Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology Posted: 30 Mar 2016 08:02 AM PDT Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]

How are methanogens able to produce energy? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 07:25 AM PDT First, I am biochemist (considering myself one as I am in my last semester of undergraduate education) so feel free to answer as technically as you are willing. I know essentially nothing about methanogens, but I am just curious how they are able to produce energy by reduction of CO2 to methane since this should involve putting in more energy than you receive from breaking C-O bonds. I believe they don't perform photosynthesis or something similar right? So they couldn't be getting energy from light as in plants. Thanks for the answer! submitted by /u/forcechemist [link] [comments]

What does the overlap between the Wavelength ranges of different EM types mean for individual photons? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 01:27 PM PDT This is something I've been confused about for quite a while. According to this image, there's overlap between the ranges of different types of EM radiation. So for example, from ~10-12 m to ~10-9 m, the ranges of gamma rays and x-rays overlap. Does that mean that all photons with wavelengths of (for example) 10-10 m display properties of both gamma rays and x-rays, or does that mean that some photons with wavelength 10-10 m are gamma ray photons, and some are x-ray photons? Considering what I know about the various possible properties of photons, I'm guessing it's the former, but I've never seen it explained and I wanted to be sure. submitted by /u/delecti [link] [comments]

What would a highly curved universe look like to an inside observer? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 05:12 AM PDT This might be more of a mathematics question than a physics question. Under the FLRW model there are two possibilities for a non-flat universe: positive curvature (3-sphere) or negative curvature (hyperbolic space). Let's assume a fixed static metric for simplicity, that the universe has existed forever, and that the curvature is high enough to be noticeable. Reasoning by analogy with the two dimensional case, I'd expect far away objects in the sphere to look bigger than in flat space, eventually covering all your field of vision when the object is at the antipode. Also, I think you would see an (inverted?) image of your back in the background at all times. In contrast, objects in the hyperbolic space would look much smaller than in flat space the further they are, since parallel lightrays eventually diverge. Is this correct? Or are there other effects due to the finiteness of the speed of light? Does anything interesting happen if the observer is moving at relativistic speeds, and/or if we include a slight metric expansion? I'm basically trying to get a feel for the global aspects of the geometry from the perspective of someone inside. submitted by /u/OnyxIonVortex [link] [comments]

Have there been any studies done on the effects of flushable wipes on the environment? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 04:27 AM PDT submitted by /u/NoSleep_TillBrooklyn [link] [comments]

Would I experience higher gravity at the top of a mountain or at the bottom of an ocean trench? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 02:18 PM PDT In this question I am assuming that we are on earth, that the trench and mountain are the same displacement from sea level and that the rock around it is consistent density. Would this change depending on the height of the mountain/trench or the density of the body that I am standing on? submitted by /u/GRI23 [link] [comments]

We have harnessed kinetic and light energy (wind,sun) for our use, why have we not yet harnessed heat energy, from say volcanoes? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 03:33 AM PDT submitted by /u/KimJongJim [link] [comments]

Does anyone know what this is? It looked like an ECG strip running across the sky. Posted: 29 Mar 2016 02:22 PM PDT http://imgur.com/ckXx43i submitted by /u/mzmush [link] [comments]

How is it possible that we know of only a few (<20) species that engage in sex for pleasure, yet we have extensive lists of species that exhibit homosexual behavior? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 10:36 PM PDT I was under the impression that homosexual activity and sexual intercourse for pleasure went hand in hand. Sources (Is Wikipedia okay?): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_animals_displaying_homosexual_behavior https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_sexual_behaviour#Pleasure submitted by /u/whysoserious385 [link] [comments]

Is it possible to dehydrate an egg white without it denaturing? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 12:36 PM PDT And thus effectively isolate the proteins within? If this is not possible is there another way of isolating the proteins? submitted by /u/5cienta [link] [comments]

Does the speed of sound in water increase at high pressures? Posted: 30 Mar 2016 01:28 AM PDT Okay, here's my question and some thoughts: 1) Speed of sound in fluids= sqrt of (bulk modulus/density) 2) Water isn't very compressible. Even at high pressures the density doesn't increase very much. 3) I've read somewhere that the bulk modulus of water increases at high pressures. So my question is, does the bulk modulus increase by such an amount under high pressure that it isn't significantly compensated by increase in density leading to overall significantly higher speed? submitted by /u/portmantoux [link] [comments]

could there be another planet in our solarsystem? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 10:11 AM PDT if there was a planet, wich shares our path around the sun with the same speed, but allways half a rotation away, could we detect it? is it even possible to have two planets sharing the same path? if so, would we have noticed that by now? excuse my bad english, it is not my first language. submitted by /u/Wunderfee [link] [comments]

How big is the Asteroid Belt and how did it form? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 02:02 PM PDT I was recently linked to a doozy of an article. While this article is filled with all kinds of conspiracy theories, wild speculation, and little science, I wanted to investigate one of its claims. Within the article, it claims that the Asteroid belt between Jupiter and Mars was formed by some kind of ancient planetary collision, which the article states was between a primordial planetary body and a moon of the Planet Nibiru (A.K.A., the dreaded Planet X). While its claims about Nibiru are wild, it made me realize that I have no idea what formed the Asteroid belt in the first place. What did form the Asteroid belt, was it the result of a massive planetary breakup? My other question was how big is the Asteroid Belt, really? Are there any estimates of the total mass of the bodies therein? Surely, any potential collision would have had to be between two massive rocky planets to produce a debris field as large as the Asteroid Belt, to say nothing of the uniformity which I think the Asteroid Belt has. submitted by /u/BeondTheGrave [link] [comments]

Where does the ultraviolet region of the spectrum Reeaaally start? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 02:27 PM PDT OK, so textbooks will obviously all say it's at 400nm. But let's be serious, 400nm is just a nice round number. UV radiation is ionizing, right? So if E = hv and we can calculate the energy of the light based on the wavelength, what is the energy needed to ionize "a bond"? And then which bonds are relevant? It seems to me that you should be able to ionize some bonds using visible light, so which are the bonds that we should be concerned about when determining whether something is "UV" or not? Thanks in advance for your help! submitted by /u/Photonlives23 [link] [comments]

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Humans have a wide range of vision issues, and many require corrective lenses. How does the vision of different individuals in other species vary, and how do they handle having poor vision since corrective lenses are not an option?

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• Humans have a wide range of vision issues, and many require corrective lenses. How does the vision of different individuals in other species vary, and how do they handle having poor vision since corrective lenses are not an option?
• Can someone explain why Quantum Entanglement is "bizarre?" (What makes it different from macroscopic conserved systems?)
• What keeps the protons in the nucleus of an atom from flying apart due to their positive charge?
• How exactly do geologists know the number of supercontinents that have formed in the past?
• Does every substance have a melting point, even crystals?
• I dug my fingernail into coconut oil while in the dark, and it made a blue glow. Is there some sort of chemical reaction happening?
• I understand that Sine and Cosine are ratios describing the right-angled triangle, and can be represented on a unit circle. But how is the ratio "tan" represented on the unit circle? [More in description]
• How does the skull of different species grow into its particular shape?
• How Valid is the Theory of Geocentricism?
• [Chemistry] Why is it unlikely that symmetrical molecules can turn plane-polarized light?
• Could we further extend the complex plane to a third dimension? If so what would it represent.
• How do objects (or atoms) transfer their temperature to each other?
• During the Carboniferous Period, what percentage of the planet's land was covered in forests?
• Why is it more difficult to walk up an inclined treadmill compared to a level one, even though my height (and hence gravitational potential) doesn't actually increase?
• Can sugar directly cause diabetes?
• How can water be heavier than the respective elements that make it up?
• Why is it that South Carolina's lowcountry has a much higher risk of earthquakes than any other state east of the Appalachians?
• Why doesn't frequency affect current in the photoelectric effect?
• Why is cloning a human so much harder than cloning a sheep?
• Does losing blood via donation lower high blood pressure?
• Why is it that the inside of fresh water pipes that feed houses don't need regular cleaning?
• Does a caloric deficit result in long-term changes to the brain, such as loss of brain mass?

Humans have a wide range of vision issues, and many require corrective lenses. How does the vision of different individuals in other species vary, and how do they handle having poor vision since corrective lenses are not an option? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 08:36 AM PDT submitted by /u/Salacha [link] [comments]

Can someone explain why Quantum Entanglement is "bizarre?" (What makes it different from macroscopic conserved systems?) Posted: 29 Mar 2016 01:35 AM PDT I am completely confused about why it should come as a surprise so I must misunderstand something about it. From what I understand, Quantum Entanglement is two particles that in some way originated such that the total conserved value of a property in a system is known but what is not know is the constituent contribution of each particle in that system. For example spin, we know two the total spin of two particles is zero but we don't know the individual spins of the particles. What I'm supposed to regard as "strange" is that measuring the spin on one of the particles supposedly deterministically causes the other particle to fall into the counter-spin - hence conserving the total spin in the system. I must be missing something because I don't see anything strange about this. If I have a pool ball floating in space and I hit with a total known kinetic energy at another pool ball floating in space, after collision, each poolball's kinetic energy will sum to the total kinetic energy in the original ball (assuming a perfect system with no heat generated from collision). If I then measure one of the pool balls, I know the kinetic energy of the other. Nobody thinks this is weird and nobody says the pool balls are "entangled." So, please, can someone tell me why this becomes weird on a quantum scale? submitted by /u/HonorableJudgeHolden [link] [comments]

What keeps the protons in the nucleus of an atom from flying apart due to their positive charge? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 03:15 AM PDT Since neutrons do not have charge wouldn't each proton repel each other, a lot? submitted by /u/SuicidalEclair [link] [comments]

How exactly do geologists know the number of supercontinents that have formed in the past? Posted: 29 Mar 2016 02:42 AM PDT Is there hard evidence to support that supercontinents like Rodinia and Gondwana actually formed, and if there is, how do they estimate the time it took them to form/break up? I have began studying prehistoric life and I was just curious how they figure this shit out. submitted by /u/Vergeof2 [link] [comments]

Does every substance have a melting point, even crystals? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 10:49 PM PDT submitted by /u/jish_werbles [link] [comments]

I dug my fingernail into coconut oil while in the dark, and it made a blue glow. Is there some sort of chemical reaction happening? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 10:12 AM PDT To clarify...it was a brand new container of unrefined, virgin coconut oil. My finger nails are long and they are polished black. I dug my thumb nail in to scrape some oil out, pulling up so that the nail was used as a shovel. I was in an almost completely dark room when I did so, and upon scraping a blue glow would manifest around the tip of my nail. Any idea what is going on here? submitted by /u/liquidlanguor [link] [comments]

I understand that Sine and Cosine are ratios describing the right-angled triangle, and can be represented on a unit circle. But how is the ratio "tan" represented on the unit circle? [More in description] Posted: 28 Mar 2016 03:06 PM PDT So I understand how Sin and Cosine work and entirely understand why it is represented on the unit circle as such. But what I can't seem to understand is how the tan is dependent on an angle or why it is represented as a tangent extending to the x-axis. Could someone please help me consciously understand this. It would be much help. Much thanks to the people who submit. This is helping a budding physicist! submitted by /u/Ahdilable [link] [comments]

How does the skull of different species grow into its particular shape? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 08:43 PM PDT Or more generally, what's the overall process of the body of different animals getting its shape, from overall shape to little details and how do genes influence those? How does the human skull for example get its right shape so reliably with only minor differences from individual to individual, compared to entirely different shape of a dog skull for example and how does this shape form starting with a few cells (after differentiation)? submitted by /u/Frooxius [link] [comments]

How Valid is the Theory of Geocentricism? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 08:26 PM PDT Recently a large portion of my family watched some fairly convincing (to the layman) on Geocentricism. Now I'm someone who's always open to new ideas, no matter how extreme. However after doing some Googleing all really only come across articles saying that the entire thing is a joke and was disproven long ago. I'd like to have a proper discussion with family about this, and I not being an expert on the subject, so any and all help would be greatly appreciated. If anyone could help me find some good articles for proofs of either the theory or for the earth actually revolving around the sun, I would be very grateful. submitted by /u/AnEonOfFlame [link] [comments]

[Chemistry] Why is it unlikely that symmetrical molecules can turn plane-polarized light? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 08:27 AM PDT submitted by /u/botman69 [link] [comments]

Could we further extend the complex plane to a third dimension? If so what would it represent. Posted: 28 Mar 2016 02:12 PM PDT We extended the number line to the complex plane. a + bi where i represents the root of -1. Is there a number system like so a + bi + ck where k represents something that can't be represented in the form a + bi? submitted by /u/fpga_mcu [link] [comments]

How do objects (or atoms) transfer their temperature to each other? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 11:49 AM PDT submitted by /u/KonaAddict [link] [comments]

During the Carboniferous Period, what percentage of the planet's land was covered in forests? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 10:29 AM PDT So I've been doing a bit of armchair research on the Carboniferous period, but can only find that trees did not decay like they do today, and that the global oxygen levels were 35% compared to 20.9% today, a 14.1% decrease. I would assume this was because the planet had more vegetation, seeing as today forests cover 31% of the world's land, would that mean the planet's forest coverage was 35.37%? Seeing as 14.1% of 31% is 4.37%. I'm sure there are other factors to oxygen percentage in the atmosphere, such as herbivores and other respiratory animals processing O2 and producing CO2. The 35.37% is probably a bit lower than the actual number due to these factors as well as other factors such as volcanic activity, sea levels, etc. submitted by /u/Auriela [link] [comments]

Why is it more difficult to walk up an inclined treadmill compared to a level one, even though my height (and hence gravitational potential) doesn't actually increase? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 07:30 AM PDT submitted by /u/Drakk_ [link] [comments]

Can sugar directly cause diabetes? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 08:26 AM PDT Can it? im confused. I know it can at least indirectly cause type 2 diabetes, by causing weight gain. But if your a skinny bitch who eats a lot of sugar, do you got to fear dem diabetes? submitted by /u/clomclom [link] [comments]

How can water be heavier than the respective elements that make it up? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 08:21 AM PDT So I understand basically that electrolysis of water splits water into its base elements of Hydrogen and Oxygen, but how can combining them create something that is heavier than the sum of it's parts? How can both Hydrogen and Oxygen be lighter than water if they make up water? Edit; Wow, this has been really eye opening to how little I understand chemistry. Thanks everyone that replied and I'll definitely be trying to learn more. submitted by /u/the-derpinator [link] [comments]

Why is it that South Carolina's lowcountry has a much higher risk of earthquakes than any other state east of the Appalachians? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 06:09 PM PDT I was looking at this map and noticed South Carolina has a higher risk of earthquakes than any other Eastern state. By a lot. Now I live here, in the middle of that big scary purple blob, and haven't really felt any feelable earthquakes. The only ones are slight ones that at most sound like thunder or a car crash, not a giant building-shattering earthquake. submitted by /u/ShadowCammy [link] [comments]

Why doesn't frequency affect current in the photoelectric effect? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 10:40 AM PDT Hello, I am trying to understand how the current works in the photoelectric effect. I understand that increasing light intensity increases the current. Presumably, more photons hitting the metal at a faster rate would cause faster electron discharge and move the current faster. However, I have read that increasing the frequency or kinetic energy of photons has no effect on the current. I don't really understand this part. If electrons are discharged with greater energy, doesn't that mean they move faster and the current should be faster? Lastly, I don't really understand amplitude. I know that amplitude is the measure of the top or bottom half of a wave and that this is a measure of how much energy a wave carries, but I don't really understand how the amplitude factors in to the photoelectric effect.. Why would greater amplitude increase the current? Lastly, does the charged metal eventually totally lose its charge or become positive as the light shines on it? Thanks for any help you can offer! submitted by /u/llwr [link] [comments]

Why is cloning a human so much harder than cloning a sheep? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 06:09 AM PDT We cloned a sheep decades ago. And now China thinks they can finally clone a human. submitted by /u/holy_halo_man [link] [comments]

Does losing blood via donation lower high blood pressure? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 08:00 AM PDT If so, could regular donation be treatment option? submitted by /u/KnuckleCrunch [link] [comments]

Why is it that the inside of fresh water pipes that feed houses don't need regular cleaning? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 06:25 AM PDT submitted by /u/morkvonzapf [link] [comments]

Does a caloric deficit result in long-term changes to the brain, such as loss of brain mass? Posted: 28 Mar 2016 06:49 AM PDT Given that the brain uses a significant portion of our consumed calories, does maintaining a calorie deficit result in any significant change in the brain, or is it protected enough as a vital organ? submitted by /u/BestLittleWhorehouse [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

If a spacecraft travelling at relativistic speed is fitted with a beacon that transmits every 1 second would we on earth get the signal every second or would it space out the faster the craft went?

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• If a spacecraft travelling at relativistic speed is fitted with a beacon that transmits every 1 second would we on earth get the signal every second or would it space out the faster the craft went?
• Why is helium still a liquid at 0K?
• Why is "that was just the initial condition" not considered as an answer to the horizon problem?
• I understand why different atoms have different absorption spectrum, but why does a given atom have several "peaks" in its spectrum?
• What wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is given off by iron just due to normal impacts of room-temperature air molecules?
• How much faster could time go by compared to time on Earth?
• Why metals are crystalline and not amorphous?
• Is it possible to determine what is truly stationary?
• Is there a theoretical relationship between superconductivity and gravity?
• Is evaporative cooling more efficient in a deep pool or a shallow pool?
• What evidence do we have for cosmological inflation other than it had to have happened?
• Why do some animals mate for life, and how does it benefit their survival?
• Do the conditions where the speed of light is constant exist in the real universe?
• Is there a distance from the sun, in which the temperatures in space will be similar to the temperatures on Earth?
• [Engineering] Why has no one made an engine where the cylinders are of varying sizes?
• Does it get significantly harder to heat water another degree as temps go up?
• do matter and anti matter attract?
• Are certain equations "harder" for a calculator to solve?
• After crossing over in meiosis, are the chromosome chromatids still considered sister chromatids?
• How do we know the chemical composition of compounds? (e.g. H2O, CO2)
• "Faster-than-light particles, if they existed, could be used to communicate backwards in time". How is this true?

If a spacecraft travelling at relativistic speed is fitted with a beacon that transmits every 1 second would we on earth get the signal every second or would it space out the faster the craft went? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 07:20 AM PDT submitted by /u/mrstimp [link] [comments]

Why is helium still a liquid at 0K? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 05:55 PM PDT submitted by /u/FlyinPurplePartyPony [link] [comments]

Why is "that was just the initial condition" not considered as an answer to the horizon problem? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 05:18 PM PDT [Physics] I understand the problem is that the cmb is uniform and that implies that the early universe mixed, but did it have to mix? Couldn't it have just started off uniform? submitted by /u/grkirchhoff [link] [comments]

I understand why different atoms have different absorption spectrum, but why does a given atom have several "peaks" in its spectrum? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 09:37 PM PDT I would assume it's because each electron will give off a different amount of energy. But hydrogen only has one electron, and it has 5 peaks (at least in the visible spectrum, don't know if it has some elsewhere) so I suppose that's busted. Anyone care to explain? submitted by /u/Night_Thastus [link] [comments]

What wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is given off by iron just due to normal impacts of room-temperature air molecules? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 09:25 PM PDT Essentially, the iron in this example (and literally everything else) is constantly giving off electromagnetic radiation, right? But since it's absorbing so little energy from the room-temperature air it should be really low wavelength, and thus certainly not in the visible spectrum. But I'm wondering what wavelength it is emitting? Is it radio waves? Microwaves? ULF? SLF? ELF? Thanks in advance! submitted by /u/Night_Thastus [link] [comments]

How much faster could time go by compared to time on Earth? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 07:14 PM PDT I know that thanks to time dilation, time goes faster with less gravity. So how fast could it get compared to time on Earth? For example, is there a spot in the universe with such little gravity that I could live for a hundred years while only a year has gone by on Earth? submitted by /u/saleemkarim [link] [comments]

Why metals are crystalline and not amorphous? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 07:32 AM PDT Gibbs free energy equation : G = H - TS, H: Enthalpy T: absolute temperature S: Entropy, Since an amorphous structure has more entropy than a crystalline structure, which should reduce the Gibbs free energy, so why most solids exist in a crystalline state and not amorphous ? submitted by /u/PureImmortal [link] [comments]

Is it possible to determine what is truly stationary? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 06:10 PM PDT We tend to think of motion within a frame of reference, however the speed of light being a universal constant is in reference to the universe. To me this raises the question, could we in theorey use this fact to determine the speed and direction that the earth is moving through the universe and thereby determine what is truly stationary in reference to the universe? As a thought experiment, if you had a light source surrounded by detectors spaced eqidistantly from the source and the light source emitted a single photon towards each detector simultaneously could you determine the speed and direction at which the experiment was traveling through the universe using the slight variation in the time it took the photons traveling different directions to reach their detectors? submitted by /u/ragingfailure [link] [comments]

Is there a theoretical relationship between superconductivity and gravity? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 11:27 AM PDT submitted by /u/eetbeaf [link] [comments]

Is evaporative cooling more efficient in a deep pool or a shallow pool? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 10:50 AM PDT Interested in how shape of water volume affects evaporative cooling. Additional question would be something like: what shape would be most efficient if water was being cooled solely by evaporative cooling? Thanks in advance! submitted by /u/pearthon [link] [comments]

What evidence do we have for cosmological inflation other than it had to have happened? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 06:00 PM PDT submitted by /u/YTsetsekos [link] [comments]

Why do some animals mate for life, and how does it benefit their survival? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 10:08 AM PDT submitted by /u/jamieluke [link] [comments]

Do the conditions where the speed of light is constant exist in the real universe? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 01:38 PM PDT The speed of light can be affected by gravity and a host of other variables including (presumably) the effects of Dark Matter submitted by /u/M_Dom [link] [comments]

Is there a distance from the sun, in which the temperatures in space will be similar to the temperatures on Earth? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 08:19 PM PDT submitted by /u/OatmealWarrior [link] [comments]

[Engineering] Why has no one made an engine where the cylinders are of varying sizes? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 11:11 AM PDT It could be 6 cylinders in a line, with the closest one being the largest and then the cylinders getting progressively smaller. Would this not reduce fuel consumption due to less volume displacement? submitted by /u/Harcsas [link] [comments]

Does it get significantly harder to heat water another degree as temps go up? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 12:01 PM PDT So say I put a pot of water on the range. If it takes x amount of time to heat up from 50 to 60 will it also take x amount to go form 60 to 70? Or does it get harder to heat up as it goes up? submitted by /u/samlir [link] [comments]

do matter and anti matter attract? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 04:31 PM PDT So a particle and an anti particle of any type have opposite characteristics, correct? (like how an electron has a negative charge and a positron has a positive charge) So if matter attracts other matter, then anti matter would detract(is that a word?) other matter. But I thought that opposites always attract, don't they? or does the gravitational force of opposite particles not apply in this situation. Questions simplified: all opposite particles are the negative of each other correct? does antimatter push matter away then? if it is true that antimatter pushes away other matter is that the theory of why the universe is still expanding and not slowing down? in this situation if antimatter does push away, does matter and antimatter coming together disregard this force? submitted by /u/JACKTEO98 [link] [comments]

Are certain equations "harder" for a calculator to solve? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 08:21 AM PDT Does a simple operation take less time or computing space than a complicated operation? submitted by /u/EliTheRussianSpy [link] [comments]

After crossing over in meiosis, are the chromosome chromatids still considered sister chromatids? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 10:41 AM PDT Like since they are no longer identical after crossing over would thy no longer be sister chromatids and identical? submitted by /u/CeciliaMemorabilia [link] [comments]

How do we know the chemical composition of compounds? (e.g. H2O, CO2) Posted: 27 Mar 2016 04:28 AM PDT submitted by /u/ThePlatinumPenguinHD [link] [comments]

"Faster-than-light particles, if they existed, could be used to communicate backwards in time". How is this true? Posted: 27 Mar 2016 05:00 AM PDT I have a problem with this and maybe someone is able to explain why it is true. Why can we send information backwards in time using faster-than-light particles? The information will arrive faster than the light, that's all. How is this "backwards in time"? I just don't get it. Is time considered to be connected somehow with the speed of light? submitted by /u/Caydenz [link] [comments]

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