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Thursday, March 3, 2016

How did this article, suggesting Intelligent Design of the hand, make it through peer-review and into PLOS One?

How did this article, suggesting Intelligent Design of the hand, make it through peer-review and into PLOS One?


How did this article, suggesting Intelligent Design of the hand, make it through peer-review and into PLOS One?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 03:16 PM PST

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0146193

Also note the comment section: "Even if I should not be able to convince the authors, editors and peer reviewers of this study of the non-existence of a divine intelligent Creator, please consider: Humans occasionally use their hand as a tool of masturbation, one of "a multitude of daily tasks" performed "in a comfortable way". Masturbation is a sinful activity according to most religions, including Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism and apparently even Buddhism. Thus, the hand cannot have been designed by a divine Creator, but in fact possibly by the Devil himself, to lead the humanity (and other apes) into temptation."

submitted by /u/crispsix
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If I had a rope on earth and someone was at the sun with the other side of the rope then one person tugged on one side, would the other instantly feel it?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 07:02 PM PST

Is it possible for a person to 'overpower' a mental disorder like Schizophrenia or the Capgras delusion?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 05:06 PM PST

How is an actual memory different from a memory of an imagination or fantasy?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 05:50 PM PST

For example, if a person is given a lie detector test and instead of focusing on his actual memory the person focuses on an alternate imaginative version of that memory. Will this person's body still react as though he is telling the truth or will it react like he is lying?

submitted by /u/theshantanu
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In 2014 Harvard infamously claimed to have discovered gravitational waves. It was false. Recently LIGO famously claimed to have discovered gravitational waves. Should we be skeptical this time around?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 05:29 AM PST

Harvard claimed to have detected gravitational waves in 2014. It was huge news. They did not have any doubts what-so-ever of their discovery:

"According to the Harvard group there was a one in 2 million chance of the result being a statistical fluke."

1 in 2 million!

Those claims turned out completely false.

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/jun/04/gravitational-wave-discovery-dust-big-bang-inflation

Pretty appalling unscientific approach to this whole ordeal by Harvard.

Recently, gravitational waves discovery has been announced again. This time not by Harvard but a joint venture spearheaded by MIT.

So, basically, with Harvard so falsely sure of their claim of their gravitational wave discovery, what makes LIGO's claims so much more trustworthy?

submitted by /u/Ballongo
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Is there a marine equivalent to a ruminant mammal?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 07:13 AM PST

I understand that fish have gut fauna to help in digestion, but do any fish or inverts feed on primarily plant matter that have cellulose?

submitted by /u/oh_hey_swan
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If benzodiazepines enhance the effect of GABA on your brain, why wouldn't GABA supplements do the same?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 07:58 PM PST

If I could exert a large force on the entirety of the earth, what direction would cause the earth to fall into the Sun first?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 06:23 AM PST

This is ignoring the fact that the Sun is expanding, obviously.

My ideas were a force pushing the earth directly towards the sun and a force directly against the direction of its orbit, slowing it.

submitted by /u/Meazles
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What type of radiation does Iodine-125 emit? I don't understand the wikipedia article about it (source in comments)

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 03:21 PM PST

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodine-125 what type of radiation is that? gamma?

submitted by /u/krazykman1
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What would happen if someone with OCD was physically prevented from carrying out their compulsions?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 03:13 PM PST

Of course, such an experiment would be extremely unethical and not something that should be done, but admittedly I am curious about what the results would be. Would the person realise that no harm has come to them after not carrying out the compulsion?

submitted by /u/KetchupWithEverythin
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Appalachian and Penokean mountain-building?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 06:53 PM PST

My current understanding of the creation of the Appalachian mountains is that Gondwanaland collied with what is now North America because the ocean that was there at the time closed. This joining created the Appalachians around 270Ma. My question is: were the Penokean Mountains created in a similar way, 1.8Ga? As in, did the Atlantic ocean (or whatever was the paleo-equivalent ocean) close up at an even earlier time, creating the Penokean mountains? Or was it something else?

submitted by /u/stevorange
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Why don't electrons "stick" to protons in the nucleus of an atom?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 08:19 PM PST

Shouldn't electrons' negative charges and protons' positive charges attract each other, like oppositely charged magnets? Instead, we're given an image of electrons orbiting a nucleus in a surrounding "cloud," which seems weird, since opposite charges attract (like ionic compounds composed of anions and cations).

[Answered -- Don't know how to put that flair, sorry. Thanks everyone!]

submitted by /u/Mijamahmad
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What effects has gaining weight on the balance of a person? More exactly, do the shoulders fall back in order to compensate the weight of the belly?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 03:04 PM PST

What would happen if the black hole at the centre of a galaxy disappeared?

Posted: 03 Mar 2016 03:57 AM PST

Would the spot where the black hole used to be still act like the barycenter of the galaxy and everything would just keep orbiting that? Or would something else happen?

submitted by /u/ApuFromTechSupport
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Does the mass of a supermassive black hole determine the shape of the galaxy it is at the center of?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 11:17 AM PST

How long was a day on Earth 300 million years ago?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 08:48 AM PST

Is there a rate and depth at which bodies of water freeze that can be calculated based on temperature and duration?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 01:30 PM PST

For example, "a deep freshwater lake will freeze at one millimeter per hour for every degree below zero" or "saltwater will freeze to a depth of two meters after XX days of -20 degree weather."

submitted by /u/53045248437532743874
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In information theory, if I = log 1/p, then an impossible or extremely unlikely event would have infinite information, can this explain the origin of the universe?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 06:38 PM PST

As per the title, I understand that in information theory, Information (I) = log 1/p, where p is probability. Would that mean that an impossible or extremely unlikely event would have infinite information? If so, can we move from infinite information to an explanation of the creation of the universe?

Take the event "Something happening to nothing", that would have an extremely low if not impossible probability, over infinite time though would that not result in infinite information?

submitted by /u/mootmeep
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How do the operators of the LHC (and other particle accelerators), get the protons they use?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 02:22 PM PST

More specifically how do they get the protons into the mechanism itself?

submitted by /u/Starzajo
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Is there any correlation between the shape of a 3d object and it's ability to conserve energy?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 05:03 AM PST

I'm interested to know if there is a correlation betwen the shape of the "object" and its heat conserving capacity, given the same surface area, material composition and external factors.

ex: Does a sphere lose energy faster than a cube?

submitted by /u/ampren7a
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Wednesday, March 2, 2016

Does a spinning magnet in space eventually stop spinning?

Does a spinning magnet in space eventually stop spinning?


Does a spinning magnet in space eventually stop spinning?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 12:44 PM PST

If a object is placed in space and spun, it will continue to spin forever according to Newton's first law. If the spinning object is a magnet, it will produce a radio wave. My understanding is that this radio wave would radiate energy and therefore slow down the spin of the magnet.

submitted by /u/Rstager97
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There have been a few news articles written in the past 24 hours regarding a sudden increase in carbon monoxide on the west coast, but I can't find any reputable sources. Is this accurate, and if so, does it lend credence to a potential Earthquake?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 09:03 AM PST

These articles seem alarmist in nature (especially as they label it a "carbon monoxide explosion"), but the logic seems sound. Example article

submitted by /u/koulnis
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Why does striking of two metals generate event in electromagnetic field?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 04:32 AM PST

I have designed a device for listening to electromagnetic fields. The other day I have noticed that I can hear my keys ringing in my pocket with it, even though the event isn't "electric" or "magnetic" in my basic understanding. Then I tried different metallic objects, and indeed I could hear them ringing in the electromagnetic field. What is the exact reason for this? Thanks.

submitted by /u/mrkwa
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Why C squared?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 11:50 PM PST

Hello. In the equation E=MC2, I get that it's saying energy = mass, and the speed of light squared is how to convert between the two... So it could also be written as: E divided by C squared = mass.

Firstly, I'm confused about what the measurement is here.. what is the common measurement comparing mass and energy?

And the question that I'm the most interested about... Why is it C squared?

Thanks

submitted by /u/Dantholemew
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I always hear about gravity in terms of planets and objects creating "depressions" in the fabric of space, but space is three-dimensional... why doesn't the explanation of gravity seem to take this into account?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 03:19 PM PST

It seems like there has to be a more accurate way of visualizing what this looks like in 3D.

Gravity waves here

Depressing Fabric o' space here

submitted by /u/Casey_is_drunk
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What foods allowed civilizations to grow so well in the "Old World" before being introduced to food from the "New World" that now seem like staples (corn, potatoes, tomatoes, etc)?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 07:22 PM PST

It seems that many, if not the majority, of fruits and vegetables we commonly eat around the world today came from the Americas. What foods allowed civilization flourish in the Old World?

submitted by /u/ArchaicArchosaur
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What would a photon sphere look like?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 01:49 PM PST

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_star As we all know, photons can become trapped in orbits around neutron stars or black holes creating a photon sphere. (duh!) The above linked wiki states in the Properties section that a photon sphere would render the entire surface of a neutron star visible. My question being; is this accurate, and if so, what would that visually look like? My friend claims it would be a highly distorted image, to the point of being incomprehensible, since the photons you could see would be the one-off ones escaping orbit and reaching your eye. Would there be some kind of coherent image, albeit very distorted?

submitted by /u/plumsmugler
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What's the curvature of the universe?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 11:16 AM PST

More precisely, what are the bounds? I've found something saying that it's 1.00 ± 0.02, but that doesn't have any units so obviously it's a form I'm unfamiliar with and it's completely unhelpful. What is it in inverse lightyears?

submitted by /u/DCarrier
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How do Multiple-use injection pens work? What stops them from leaking? How are they possibly air/water tight?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 06:53 PM PST

I am not asking about the drugs they use, or any medical use of them. I saw someone use a multi-dose pen and the mechanics of it all just blew me away. I am fascinated by how they actually work, and how they perform what seems like a high-tolerance task repeatably, affordably, and in a sanitary manner.

submitted by /u/Nairatrebil
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Could Amazon, using its entire delivery network, deliver an entire mountain to my door in 48 hours or less?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 10:00 PM PST

This topic came up earlier during an episode of wild Amazon Prime shopping. Amazon has a HUGE shipping and delivery network, but could they deliver a mountain the size of, say, Nevada's Mt. Charleston by Saturday afternoon?

It should be noted that everyone at work is now invested in this answer. Most of the people I work with think it's possible, but I've got my doubts, so I figured this would be there place to ask.

submitted by /u/TheGreatZarquon
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How does radiation therapy work on a microscopic level?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 07:29 PM PST

How do we use radioisotopes to help us with killing off tumours on an atomic level? Also what are the radioisotopes used?

submitted by /u/nitaicech
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Is there a possible scenario where two events, A and B, can occur as: A then B, A and B simultaneously, and B then A, all using three different relativistic frames?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 07:11 AM PST

It's been a while since I've caught up with GR. Say two events occur: A and B. Is it possible to have a frame R experience A then B, a frame R' experience A and B simultaneously, and a frame R'' experience B then A, all within our universe of physics? I am unsure if this would imply that it is simply three frames with three different accelerations, or if one frame would require time to be moving in the negative direction.

EDIT: Thank you for the well put responses.

submitted by /u/ThePharros
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If a flow of Electrons is an electric current, then what is a flow of protons called and what does it do?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 01:26 PM PST

If I was floating in space and didn't have a point of reference, would I be able to tell if my body inverted 180 degrees from my original position?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 01:59 PM PST

Ask Anything Wednesday - Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 07:02 AM PST

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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Why does my bathroom window cause the light from the street light outside to form this pattern?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 02:40 AM PST

The pattern also seems to change in ways that don't make sense to my eyes, moving a small amount forward or backward causes it to expand and contract a lot.

Here are the pictures.

submitted by /u/MooseinPursuit
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[Physics] Do substances have aliasing at an atomic level?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 06:20 AM PST

It seems to me that they would, except for the fact that atoms aren't tied to a grid like pixels. Has this ever been looked at by anyone?

submitted by /u/mackuhronee
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AskScience AMA Series: Kumar Sanjiv, Cancer Researcher

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 06:08 AM PST

Hello, My name is Kumar sanjiv, I am working at Helleday Laboratory, karolinska Institute. We are developing new cancer therapies by targeting DNA repair proteins. Before coming in to research, I worked 3 year as veterinary doctor.

In my spare time I like to play with my kid and to watch movies. My favorite Bollywood movies are 3 Idiots and Barfi.

I grew up in northern India and completed my most of education in India before moving to Taipei, Taiwan to PhD in Molecular medicine. During my childhood I was influenced by my maternal grandfather, who was a physicist.

Proof: http://i.imgur.com/uNB5Kby.jpg

submitted by /u/HelledayLab
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If space has a lower temperature than Earth, would it be possible to 'import' the cooler temperatures to battle rising temperatures on Earth? What are the pitfalls and complications of this?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 05:53 AM PST

Aerobic respiration in bacteria? How does it work if there isn't neither any mitochondria nor any structure related to it in the prokaryotic cell?

Posted: 02 Mar 2016 05:51 AM PST

Or is there a structure? I've read that we used to believe mesosome would be related to aerobic respiration, nowadays many believe that structure doesn't exist... so... I am confused... I would appreciate some help. (Sorry if I have commited any mistakes along the text, English is not my main language)

submitted by /u/Nahbd
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How come crystals like Diamond don't conduct electricity?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 06:57 PM PST

If a current works by the flow of charge down an atomic lattice why not in crystals which have a symmetrical structure?

submitted by /u/GetBenttt
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Have oil spills ever occurred naturally? If so, what was their size and impact compared to man-made oil spills today?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 06:16 AM PST

In relations to animal behavior, what is structural and consequential behavior?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 03:40 PM PST

For a project I'm doing, I have to identify seven listed behaviors as either of those, or give a relational description of behavior.

submitted by /u/JITTERdUdE
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Tuesday, March 1, 2016

If Earth was oriented like Uranus on its axis, what sort of weather patterns would occur and how would it affect our seasons?

If Earth was oriented like Uranus on its axis, what sort of weather patterns would occur and how would it affect our seasons?


If Earth was oriented like Uranus on its axis, what sort of weather patterns would occur and how would it affect our seasons?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 07:55 PM PST

Why is it that when I look in a mirror without glasses on, the objects farther away are still blurry? Wouldn't the mirror just change everything to a 2D image?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 06:20 AM PST

To eliminate the need for an extra day every four years, why couldn't we just redefine the second?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 06:51 AM PST

Since we need (approximately) one extra day every four years to keep our calendar in sync with our orbit, why couldn't we just multiply (four years +1/ four years) 1461 / 1460 = 1.0006849315... to each existing second? After four years' time we'd be enough later to eliminate the need for the leap day, right? Obviously all GPS satellites/world clocks/etc would have to be adjusted but that seems like something that could be done. I know this is missing something but that why I'm here!

submitted by /u/probablyinahotel
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What is the probability of rolling at least one six with 6 dice?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 11:32 AM PST

My teacher states it is 98%, but he also says that it is way to advanced for us in 10th grade, that it would be a waste to teach it to us. Using the "easy" calculations as he calls it, I and the others find that the probability is roughly 67%. I've spent some time online, but I have failed to find something that supports his claim. I also ran a simulation multiple times with over 100000 throws, which all resulted in 65-68% probability in terms of the occurrence of in which one six appeared. I was just wondering if anyone can show me the correct calculation, and explain it (or link me to something that explain it for me.) Thanks a lot in advance:) Hope you understood my English and that you're able to help.

submitted by /u/PotatoPoweredBrain
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What exactly do we use some of the obscure micronutrients, like selenium, for?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 02:05 PM PST

I'm talking about things like copper, selenium, chromium, molybdenum, etc. Are they all enzyme cofactors? What do we use them for?

submitted by /u/UberMcwinsauce
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Would it be possible to somehow have an array of solar panels orbiting the earth, and then transmit the energy back for use?

Posted: 01 Mar 2016 05:39 AM PST

Do monkeys and other primates form callouses on their hands?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 10:27 PM PST

When I began weightlifting, I started forming callouses on my palms, and it was raw and hurt a bit before they formed. Do monkeys or apes also have to toughen their hands through use? It seems more extreme, given that they theb to be much more arboreal than we are, so their hands would experience much rougher surfaces.

submitted by /u/deltorax
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Why are acids corrosive on metals, and bases corrosive on organic material?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 05:38 PM PST

I don't understand how the amount of H+ ions determines what kind of material and substance can eat through.

submitted by /u/riceisnice54321
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What benefits does training at higher altitude, if any, confer upon someone when competing closer to sea level?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 08:14 PM PST

Originally posted this in /r/DenverBroncos but thought that you all might have more input into the physiology of it.

It's always a topic of discussion during Denver's home games that the opponent's offense/defense seem to look 'gassed' or more tired than usual when playing in Denver. I'm curious though if those benefits would also translate over into away games at regular elevation. I'm afraid I don't know much of the physiology behind it besides there being less oxygen at higher altitude, so are there tangible benefits to playing in Denver versus other places? How large a role could living/playing/training in Denver factor into the conditioning of the players on the team at or near sea level?

submitted by /u/omegaworkmage
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What are quarks(or any elementary particle) made of?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 09:25 PM PST

In Coulomb's Law, the proportionality constant k can be broken down into fundamental constants. Can the same be done for G in Newton's Law of gravitation?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 11:57 AM PST

What is happening on the molecular level when I stretch or compress a spring?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 03:20 PM PST

PS: What makes a material good out of which to make a spring?

submitted by /u/DArkingMan
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Why do isogrid structures use triangles rather than hexagons for the rib reinforcement shape?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 09:16 PM PST

I thought that a honeycomb pattern would be stronger than an equilateral triangle pattern. Is it simply a case of triangles work and are cheaper, or does the triangle have an advantage over the hexagon in aerospace (specifically spacecraft boosters and fuel tanks)?

submitted by /u/jcgrimaldi
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Can light ever become another state such as a liquid turning solid or as a gas?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 04:52 PM PST

how do black holes affect the event horizons of other black holes close to them?(re-asking this, didnt get answers last time)

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 11:46 AM PST

would two black holes close to each other have an area in the middle where gravity mostly cancels out, and thus grant us insight into the area that would normally be obscured?

submitted by /u/marpro15
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Does electronic data have weight?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 12:13 PM PST

What happens to the brain when someone "sobers up" after a event?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 12:21 PM PST

Every time you hear someone say "that sobered me up" or an event happens that "made me sober". Does the body actually purge the effects of the alcohol/THC?

submitted by /u/Rappican
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Does Time Dilation Affect the Formation of Black Holes?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 01:07 PM PST

When a star collapses and forms a black hole, is the collapse affected by time dilation as the black hole forms from the material of the dying star?

Could the original star whose collapse formed the black hole still be collapsing? Is it possible little to none of the material in the black hole ever actually makes it to the gravitational singularity?

submitted by /u/the_other_brand
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At which 'alcohol by volume' percentage does alcoholic beverages become diurietics?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 09:31 AM PST

In other words, if stranded on a deserted island with nothing but beer / wine / liquor, how much volume-% alcohol can it contain for me to keep drinking it without die of thirst in the end?

I assume there's a rough cut off somewhere, considering coffee ain't a diuretic as commonly believed; you actually gain fluid for every cup you drink.

submitted by /u/Ballongo
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Why is it that, a train wistle 3 miles North of me sounds about as loud as me talking, yet someone 1 mile South of me can also hear that train, but can't hear me talking?

Posted: 29 Feb 2016 08:47 AM PST

Is there some property of sound waves where they can lose their loudness, yet still travel far? Could I generate a sound that was no louder than me talking, yet could be heard from a mile away?

submitted by /u/Grintor
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