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Saturday, February 6, 2016

Are neutrinos and antineutrinos identical?

Are neutrinos and antineutrinos identical?

Are neutrinos and antineutrinos identical?

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If neutrinos carry no charge, and an antiparticle is simply the opposite charge, are neutrinos identical to antineutrinos? Do they behave and interact differently in any ways?

submitted by /u/RobMu
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When a diverging lens is placed in a material with a higher index of refraction than the lens's material, does it behave like a converging lens?

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Say a glass diverging lens is placed in liquid diamond and an observer inside the medium looks through the lens. Is it like looking through a converging lens now?

submitted by /u/arthitmitc
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If I were to drink something that is usually injected (morphine, heroin etc.) would the effects be the same as if I were to inject them? If not, why?

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Is it true that a shooter absorbs an equal amount of force into his body as is being projected in the bullet?

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When did people realize that stars don't last forever?

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I've tried to google the answer, but I couldn't find anything. I know that people understood that the sun works by nuclear fusion in 1929 or so. Before then about 100 years earlier, they had an idea that our sun is made out hydrogen and helium, but I guess they didn't understand how it worked.

I am asking this because I found a poem published in 1881 that talks about the Big Bang, the extinction of all stars, and ultimately the heath death of the universe. All those things were discovered 50-100 years later.

submitted by /u/covor
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What will happen to a photon travelling through space and never hitting anything?

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Does a photon ever decay if it doesnt get absorbed?

submitted by /u/christroflobal
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When in a dark environment, why does objects which you are looking at directly appear darker and harder to see, but objects which you see at the corner of your eye or in the peripheral vision appear brighter?

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Do Animals Have A Sense of Rhythm?

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Do animals perceive a beat or a rhythm the same way humans do? Can they react to it or move to it perhaps?

submitted by /u/karmaniak
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Bought a helium balloon today, went outside in the cold, what happened?

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got a helium balloon for my 3yo son. it was warm inside the store, outside it's pretty damned cold, freezing or below.

inside the balloon was firm, like it was fully inflated. in the less than 30 seconds walking to the car, it had lots of slack in the balloon itself like it had lost around 30% or so of it's helium volume. once inside the car, the balloon firmed back up like it had been fully inflated. what occurred?

submitted by /u/KorranHalcyon
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Does air temperature and humidity affect the propagation of sound waves?

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I am not only referring to its speed, but also to its dispersion and attenuation, e.g. I feel that sounds seem more 'crisp' and travel further during the cold and dry winter months.

submitted by /u/giantsqueed
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When integrating real functions, we're basically getting an area under the function. Is there a similar analogy for complex integration?

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I'm a student, currently 2nd year of physics. We're doing complex integration and I just can't grasp visually what we're actually doing. Is there a comparison with surfaces under real functions, or is it something completely different where I should just deal with the fact that I need to look for residues and integrate over closed surfaces?

submitted by /u/Elemelond
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I have a ball. What is the least amount of information I need to give you about the ball in order to determine the mass of the sun?

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Using current technology and materials, what is the tallest entirely habitable structure we could build?

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Is the Peach-Koehler-Force the same for a edge dislocations and a screw dislocation?

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My Burgers vector is b=(b,0,0), the edge dislocation is ds=(0,ds,0) and the screw dislocation is ds=(ds,0,0).

When I try to work it out with dK=[σb x ds] (where σ is the symmetric stress tensor) I get

dK=(σ_zx * b * ds, 0 , -σ_xx * b * ds) for the edge dislocation and

dK=(0 , σ_zx * b * ds, -σ_yx * b * ds) for the screw dislocation.

My textbook says that those two are equal but offers no explanation and I can´t see why those two should be equal.

submitted by /u/Uniacc1234
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Does having a small head make you less intelligent?

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Do people with a small head (like myself) have a lower amount of intelligence?

submitted by /u/Saikawa_Sohei
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How do we know what sounds hieroglyphs make?

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Might not be directly ''sciency'' but didnt know where else to ask.

How do we know for example that the word Nefer, wich is egiptian for Good sounds like nefer?

Dont know if im expressing myself correctly, but imagining that in 1000 years, someone found our alphabet, they would have no way of knowing what sound the letter A does right? Assuming no one who knows the language is left

submitted by /u/Guillz
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Friday, February 5, 2016

With a heavy vehicle trying to stop on snow, what is the relationship between the higher mass increasing traction on the snow, but also increasing the momentum that has to be stopped?

With a heavy vehicle trying to stop on snow, what is the relationship between the higher mass increasing traction on the snow, but also increasing the momentum that has to be stopped?

With a heavy vehicle trying to stop on snow, what is the relationship between the higher mass increasing traction on the snow, but also increasing the momentum that has to be stopped?

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I often see pickups loaded with snow for traction, but it seems like extra weight might work against you at a certain point

submitted by /u/Rxef3RxeX92QCNZ
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Would it be more fuel efficient and less dangerous to float a rocket into the upper atmosphere with balloons before igniting the boosters?

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Can we construct regular polyhedra of arbitrary number of faces?

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It is known that there are only five regular polyhedra in 3D. I was wondering what would happen if one constrains an arbitrary number of repulsive points to the surface of a sphere. Would they find a steady state?

submitted by /u/caracatrepa
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If the ratio of matter to antimatter during the Big Bang was the opposite (1 billion matter particles to 1 billion and 1 antimatter particles) then is there any reason that we wouldn't have a universe made out of antimatter?

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Saw a video about matter and antimatter by Minute Physics and got me thinking.

submitted by /u/cornpownow
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Plasma: how can the same phase of matter seem so eclectic in its behaviour?

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Are different types of plasma as uniquely behaved as they seem, or is their apparent broad categorization justified? I don't know if this question is naïve, and I am a layman. Lightning, stellar surfaces, fire, aurora, etc. are all categorized as types of plasma, or at least partially so, but behave and appear quite differently. Does this mean that the phase is just a general term for ionized energetic gases, or that they're more similar than they seem to the untrained eye, with concise explanations for the different behaviours?

For instance, why doesn't lightning ever follow the convection rules of how fire spreads, or why doesn't fire get conducted into bolts? Shouldn't all plasma transfer energy similarly?

The question stems from other phases: liquids and other phases have recognizable and consistent patterns of behaviours. Plasma seems to be more indie.

Sorry for the long post. It feels like I'm just missing one or two simple pieces to make sense of it. Searching the Web just led to overcomplicated papers or TV sales.

submitted by /u/chefpadrino
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If there's no such thing as a perpetual motion machine, what keeps electrons constantly on the move and what causes light to "speed back up" when it moves through air and then water and then back into air?

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Glass: Liquid, Solid, or Something Else?

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After reading a fair bit on what state of matter room temp glass is, I have concluded that I don't know what to think. So, can anyone give me a definitive answer of whether or not glass is a liquid or solid?

submitted by /u/MooseWolf2000
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Why are radio frequencies split into radio waves and microwaves?

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I'm doing a project for school on radio frequency and how it is used for communication. However, it has been extremely hard to find any information on why it is split into radio waves and microwaves.

submitted by /u/Ploggy
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How much money (USD) is one electron worth?

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Very broad question, but I started thinking about this while reading about rooftop solar panels, and selling energy back to providers. So lets assume this context for the question.

I would guess the value of one electron in the energy grid is a decimal, followed by many zeroes before the first nonzero digit. However, I'm really not sure how one would calculate that. So, how would you calculate this, and what would you estimate the value to be?

submitted by /u/Valiant4Funk
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What is "unity" when referring to nuclear fusion?

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If consciousness is the information stored in the brain, could the information be altered such that the same brain becomes a completely different person/consciousness?

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Do prime numbers cease to exist at some point on the number line?

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I know there is a largest known prime number, but theoretically, will there be no more prime numbers past a point?

submitted by /u/Jean_Valjean_Valjean
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When you connect a voltage to a wire, how long will it take for it to be observable on the other end of the wire? Does the voltage propgate via electrons at the speed of light? Or is it slower?

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Does a black hole generate a magnetic field?

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How do 2 particles get entangled?

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i've been watching videos and reading up about a bunch of cosmology and quantum physics stuff and am trying to wrap my head around entanglement. i understand for 2 particles that are entangled, when you measure the spin (or other quantum characteristic) on one you instantaneously know what the spin on the other is, regardless of their separation. I watched a video where they showed a process of measuring entangled photons by splitting a diagonally propagating laser beam with polarizers, so that when two photons split, and they measure the polarization of one of the photons, they knew the other. but how/when are particles entangled? do you only get entanglement when a particle splits somehow, or can two nearby electrons be entangled somehow?

TL;DR does entanglement only happen when 2 particles are created together and are somehow linked, or can 2 non entangled particles somehow become entangled? if so, how?

submitted by /u/forrScience
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If hydrogen and oxygen are highly explosive when combined, then why isn't water, or at least steam, explosive?

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How many dimensions in the universe are expanding ?

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The observances of red shifts of galaxies eventually led to the proof that the universe is expanding.

Hubble's expansion law states that H=v/d (where H: Hubble's constant, v:galaxy's radial outward velocity (referenced from Earth), d:the galaxy's distance from earth).

Velocity here is a vector in 3D.

I was thinking about this was wondering that since the expanding universe is a true physical phenomenon, then what are the answers to the following questions:

(1) How can expanding universe phenomenon be interpreted and understood in terms of space-time rather than a classical space and time as separate ? I am really having a hard time wrapping my head around the application of space-time idea to the "expanding universe phenomena".

(2) What about looking and explaining this phenomenon in terms of M-theory's premise , that there are 11 dimensions. How many of those dimensions are expanding and what is happening to the other dimensions ?

Or am I asking the wrong question ? Because honestly, I am not sure that the dimensions M-theory talks about is a superset of the 3Space and 1Time dimension that we experience and are familiar with. Here, obviously I have assumed that it does.

submitted by /u/creepingdeathv2
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If you put a helium balloon in space. Which way would it float?

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Why is protein an information sink?

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What effects does the ambient temperature have on the combustion process (fire starting)?

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Starting a fire in the winter is more difficult than the summer. I understand that heat is a contributing factor to starting a fire, so it makes sense that more energy would be required in order to get the initial reaction. So, how cold would it have to be before starting a fire is impossible?

Would warming the fuel source make it easier?

I plan to do some tests but living in Georgia right now makes it difficult to find anything cold enough without cleaning out my freezer.

submitted by /u/wheresmycoffee
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When sound is loud enough to be damaging to your hearing, at what rate do you damage your hair cells?

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At 140 decibel damage occurs immediately. So say I'm in a room with 140 db loud noise without hearing protection for five minutes, how many hair cells did I lose when I come out again? And how did it impact my hearing range?

submitted by /u/HuubKe161
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How do rockets burn in space if there is no oxygen?

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What is happening in terms of Quantum Field Theory when matter and anti-matter interact? Is it like destructive interference between wavefunctions, analogous to classical wave interference?

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Thursday, February 4, 2016

Let's say I put a steel beam 1000 feet in the air above the earth, and this beam goes all the way around the world until it comes back and connects with it's original point, making a perfect circle. Assuming there is no support structure, would this steel beam levitate above the earth?

Let's say I put a steel beam 1000 feet in the air above the earth, and this beam goes all the way around the world until it comes back and connects with it's original point, making a perfect circle. Assuming there is no support structure, would this steel beam levitate above the earth?

Let's say I put a steel beam 1000 feet in the air above the earth, and this beam goes all the way around the world until it comes back and connects with it's original point, making a perfect circle. Assuming there is no support structure, would this steel beam levitate above the earth?

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Hopefully this is the right sub for this!

submitted by /u/Shit_man_idk
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The Hydrogen plasma produced in the wendelstein 7x experiment, will it still be hydrogen when cooled down?

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What effect would the heat death of the universe have on black holes?

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How can we can have motion relative to the CMB if it is observed from all directions?

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I just got put in my place by trying to call bullshit on someone who was saying we can measure our velocity relative to the cosmic microwave background. Apparently this is an actual thing. Can someone explain this please? How can the CMB rest frame exist if CMB photons are observed from all directions?

submitted by /u/nhingy
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What would happen if the superheated material inside a fusion reactor was exposed?

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What would the possible damage, if any, be?

submitted by /u/HeIIen
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Can accelerating spacetime expansion eventually rip apart a black hole?

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Space time is expanding and we know the speed of its expansion is accelerating. This pulls everything in the universe apart, though below the high-macro level this is effectively unnoticeable with almost no influence on bodies.

However, if this acceleration remains then inevitably (after many years) the expansion of spacetime will 'pull' on molecular/atomic bonds and break up bodies, right? The forces holding matter together won't be able to resist the incredible growth of spacetime pulling everything apart.

So I guess the real question is this: is there an upper threshold to the physical integrity of a black hole? Nothing physical can 'break apart' a black hole because obviously it would just be swallowed, but what about spacetime itself pulling it apart?

I want to speculate the answer is no, but obviously I'm not sure. Anyone have any comments on this?

submitted by /u/NEREVAR117
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Is it possible to have an orbit that doesn't bisect the planet?

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An orbit around just the middle of the northern hemisphere.

Most satellites I see appear to go right around the "middle" of the planet. I figure that is just because it is easiest, but is it the only realistically possible way to have an orbit without continuous adjustments.

submitted by /u/th3d3k0y
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Is there a specific volume a dangling water droplet has to exceed before it falls? Does the volume vary depending on the material or shape of the surface?

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Do mild seasons affect temporal patterns of hibernating and migratory organisms?

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The title says it all. I live in the South East U.S. and so far we have had a pretty mild winter.

submitted by /u/jluvin
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How much longer does it take 2 (electrically neutral) masses to reach eachother gravitationally when they travel parallel at equal relativistic speeds?

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For example, at v/c=0, the time it takes for two 1[kg] spheres at R = 2[m] would be about 271392[s]. Now I would expect that the time would double (for the non-moving observer) when the relativistic gamma factor is 2 (v/c = 0.866), but I can't find a clear reference where this is stated/explained.

submitted by /u/NoIslandsInSpace
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Could we create a metric time system that would work similar to days and years?

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A joke on The Simpsons talks about how the geniuses in Springfield got the trains running so efficiently that they even run on metric time. Is something like that possible?

submitted by /u/watusa
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If we have antennas that can transmit EM radiation in any frequency we can think of, would it be possible to create an antenna that transmits EM in the visible light frequency range?

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Why is IV tPA for stroke patients have to be administered (generally) in under 3 hours? Why wouldn't it be as beneficial afterwards?

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I've been trying to google the answer, but I just keep finding the guidelines, not an answer to why. I also see intra-arterial tPA has a general guideline up to 6 hours adding to my confusion. I know it increases the chance of hemorrhage, but does it somehow increase the likelihood even more after the 3 hour window?

Any and all info is appreciated.

submitted by /u/ugly_monkey
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How easily is nicotine absorbed through the skin? Does different skin have different absorption rates? & does nicotine act differently when absorbed through your skin compared to inhaling it?

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How do I know what atomic mass is correct on the periodic table when different tables have different atomic mass for certain elements?

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I am home schooling my 8 year old son and would like to start teaching him the elements on the periodic table. I have made flash cards for all 118 elements on the periodic table including symbol, atomic number, element name and atomic mass however different periodic tables seem to have different atomic mass for certain elements. I have added the other name and symbol for the elements that are known by two names, like 112, Copernicium is also known as Ununbium, but am unsure as to which atomic mass I should attribute to the cards when I get different AM from different tables. Anyone able to tell me which table is most accurate? Thanks in advance.

submitted by /u/ScarletOnyx
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can you extract jacalin with water?

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i'm trying to make a research about green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and there are some things i don't understand. one of it is that, i'm considering seed extract of a certain plant as the reducing agent of silver nitrate. this one study says that the jacalin content of the seed extract might have synergisitic effect with the silver nanoparticles that they've synthesized. but if you look at their extraction procedure, they only used distilled water to make seed extract. I've looked up some studies and they all say that they soaked the powdered seed and centrifuged it then used the supernatant for the experiment. i do understand that you can extract the chemical components that acts as antioxidants but here's the question, can you extract jacalin with just distilled water? a polar solvent? thanks in advance

submitted by /u/kuroandshiro
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Is there a name for a distribution given by y = (x-1)/(x+1)?

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How would I go about finding the limit of (1/x)^x as x approaches 0?

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So my friend and I have been arguing over this recent BC Calc test question and we can't seem to figure it out. He thinks that the answer was 1 because (1/0)x = ∞0 = 1, but I'm pretty sure that this is incorrect because the x0 = 1 rule only applies to constants. I thought that the answer was DNE because the limit from the right (1) ≠ the limit from the left (a nonreal number). Could someone please explain how one would solve this problem?

submitted by /u/IHaveDrainBamage
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Why do some quantities in physics calculations (electricity for example) take on complex values?

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College student here. I stumbled upon equations in physics on my own that take complex valued quantities. My question is: how can something like electrical impedance or current take on a complex value?

submitted by /u/PhantomWings
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