Why exactly is HIV transferred more easily through anal intercourse? | AskScience Blog

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Wednesday, August 19, 2020

Why exactly is HIV transferred more easily through anal intercourse?

Why exactly is HIV transferred more easily through anal intercourse?


Why exactly is HIV transferred more easily through anal intercourse?

Posted: 19 Aug 2020 05:42 AM PDT

Tried to Google it up

The best thing I found was this quote " The bottom's risk of getting HIV is very high because the lining of the rectum is thin and may allow HIV to enter the body during anal sex. " https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/analsex.html#:~:text=Being%20a%20receptive%20partner%20during,getting%20HIV%20during%20anal%20sex.

What is that supposed to mean though? Can someone elaborate on this?

submitted by /u/ars4l4n
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Do antibodies for any given pathogen continually circulate in your bloodstream?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 09:13 PM PDT

My girlfriend and I were just having a spirited debate about antibodies. Specially, whether or not once one's body creates antibodies to fight a certain pathogen, say X, it is then always present in the bloodstream. This is opposed to having X-coded B-cells for a quick immunological response.

One idea is that once a body successfully fights the the pathogen, the antibodies will decrease with time to undetectable levels because they are no longer needed and the coded B-cells will be sufficient in case of emergency. Like a military base vs constant military patrols.

The other idea is that antibodies that have been created to successfully fight all pathogens they have come up against stay in the circulating in the bloodstream for quick response. Like a military patrol vs a military base.

I imagine the answer is "both," that some pathogen-specific antibodies hang out in the bloodstream while others dissipate to undetectability, but hopefully one of you guys can provide some information. What sparked this debate was a test for Hep B immunity (surface antibody). She tested negative for immunity though she had her vaccine when she was younger.

submitted by /u/2pawnf4
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Why does the dengue vaccine work best on people who've been infected with at least one strain of dengue fever before?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 09:21 PM PDT

Why can't inoculation be used for Covid-19 instead of a vaccine?

Posted: 19 Aug 2020 02:40 AM PDT

In the old days they would powder down the disease in a less potent form and give it to people so they would become immune to it.

This used to work - If this is the case why can't this be implemented instead trying to find a vaccine?

The only apparent downfall is that this used to have a 2% death rate, but in this day and age because medical care has advanced since this then would this still be the case.

submitted by /u/question4477
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Does a herniated disc still show up on an MRI weeks or a month after the rupture?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 04:07 PM PDT

I would think a herniated disc, after a week or so when it's healing, would start failing to show up on an MRI because the nucleus would be mostly gone.

submitted by /u/dark-copper
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How would air breathing rocket engines compare to jet engines for fighters?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 11:05 AM PDT

I have recently discovered the existence of air breathing rocket engines that use air from the atmosphere as an oxidizer instead of storing it as a liquid with it. I know these engines aren't as powerful as the traditional rockets due to the oxygen from the atmosphere not being as dense. But how would they compare to our usual jets? Would it be a viable alternative for fighters? What would be the downsides or advantages of using one?

submitted by /u/Cryedra
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Can the owner of a website that I'm signed up with read my password somewhere in a file on their server?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 11:46 AM PDT

I was never sure about this, and when there are stories about massive username/password leaks, it seems like it's totally possible.

submitted by /u/ta394283509
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What is the real reason that airfoils create lift?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 02:48 PM PDT

"Equal Transit" theory is wrong.
Newton's 3rd law approach is only concerned with the interaction of the lower surface of the moving object and the air.

Is it correct that the flow over the top of a lifting airfoil does travel faster than the flow beneath the airfoil? If yes, why? And how can planes fly upside-down with the same effect?

Is it purely because of the pressure differences? Why are they there?

submitted by /u/Brudi7
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Could you use Virophages to create an antiviral medication / vaccination / immunity for a viral infection?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 08:50 AM PDT

Did life evolve from fungi?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 05:21 PM PDT

Did life evolve from fungi?

submitted by /u/jizzyknuckles
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Do all vaccines stop viral transmission?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 01:28 PM PDT

I know that most intramuscular vaccines elicit a humoral immune response and reduce the disease severity. However, i am not clear as to which vaccines are capable of reducing the transmission of a disease. For example, the injectable inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) does not reduce the transmission of polio, but it does reduce the disease burden/infection and prevents the virus from infecting the nervous system. This appears to be by impacting the transit from gut to nervous tissue through humoral immunity (please correct me if this is inaccurate). The oral polio vaccine, which contains a live virus, induces robust mucosal immunity that prevents transmission.

  1. Are there any clear examples of this phenomenon in the literature? Specifically, regarding respiratory diseases.
  2. Is this a result of the site of immunization? If an inactivated virus was distributed to mucosal tissue (in conjunction with an adjuvant), would that be sufficient to convey the necessary immunity to stop transmission?
  3. By extension, which types of vaccines are capable of inducing the immune response necessary to stop transmission? Do DNA or subunit vaccines stop transmission?
  4. Topical: What COVID vaccines in development would stop transmission? All or some?
submitted by /u/BIzZzounCE
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Can the human immune system have an "infinite" number of antibodies?

Posted: 18 Aug 2020 07:24 AM PDT

Is there an upward limit of the different type of antibodies that a single person's immune system can have? If there is a limit, how do certain ones get cycled out, and at what frequency?

submitted by /u/Lebos808
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If Alternating Current changes the direction of current periodically then how do we have positive wires at our home?

Posted: 17 Aug 2020 10:34 PM PDT

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