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Monday, November 11, 2019

When will the earth run out of oil?

When will the earth run out of oil?


When will the earth run out of oil?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 03:26 AM PST

So I have a cockroach problem, but my mum doesn't want to buy bug spray, because she believes that the roaches that survive will adapt and produce offspring that are completely immune to the spray. Is this true?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 12:44 PM PST

What is the most isolated animal taxonomically?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 06:23 AM PST

I've read that some species is the only species in its entire genus, or even entire family. What's the most extreme example of this?

submitted by /u/mcmoor
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is there an estimate of how many species of animals that never got fossilized?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 03:23 PM PST

it is not guaranteed that all animals lived in a place were fossilization was possible or their bones were preserved

heck animals like insects are extremely varied but only a few of them would ever be found if an extinction event happened now

submitted by /u/MLPorsche
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since Heat Lost by System = Heat gained by surroundings, what happens to all that heat when particle accelerators generate temperatures of trillions of degrees?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 08:14 PM PST

Have octopuses always had 8 tentacles or gradually increase that number through the course of evolution?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 04:31 AM PST

Also, do we know that 8 tentacles is the sweet spot, or could a hypothetical 9-armed cephalopod (novopus?) have a significant advantage in survival and produce many 9-armed offspring?

submitted by /u/Breatnach
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Do movies create false memories?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 03:08 AM PST

I want to know if movies, especially biographical or fictional movies about history or political figures create false memories in large amount of people today, bringing out their repressed memories with some false additions, thereby affecting their opinions, & bringing about behavioral changes in them. Could this be used as a tool for conspiracy or gaslighting by exploiters for the better or worse...

submitted by /u/Bored-Hoarder
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What does it look like when a particle accelerator does a beam dump?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 06:23 AM PST

I've been able to find a fair amount of technical information about how the LHC does beam dumps, the link below for example. But what I haven't been able to find is what the beam dump equipment looks like and what, if any, visible effects there are when the beam is dumped. Does it gouge a big hole in the dump absorber? Is there a flash of light? Anything?

https://lhc-machine-outreach.web.cern.ch/lhc-machine-outreach/components/beam-dump.htm

submitted by /u/cantab314
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How do Scientists Make Protons?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 04:54 AM PST

I know protons are used in the Hadron colliders and even in cyclotrons for radiation therapy. But how are these protons made in the first place?

submitted by /u/rmuktader
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What happens to the body and cells when frozen?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 06:56 AM PST

How to compute the probability of committing one or more type II errors when performing multiple hypothesis tests?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 04:39 AM PST

If I want to estimate if the population distribution (called 𝓐; e.g. pharmacokinetics of 1st drug) described by N samples is identical to a given population distribution (called 𝓑; e.g. pharmacokinetics of 2nd drug), by comparing three different statistics of 𝓐 (computed from those same N samples; e.g. AUC, C_max, T_max) against 𝓑, via three hypothesis tests that determine if there are any differences in the population means of those three statistics; i.e.:

  • Are both drugs' expected AUC equal? i.e. E[AUC of 𝓐] = E[AUC of 𝓑]
  • Are both drugs' expected C_max equal? i.e. E[C_max of 𝓐] = E[C_max of 𝓑]
  • Are both drugs' expected T_max equal? i.e. E[T_max of 𝓐] = E[T_max of 𝓑]

And if each of those three hypotheses (whose null hypothesis assumes that the population means are equal) have the same properties described below:

  • Ξ± = 5% = probability of committing a type I error (i.e. rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true).
  • Ξ² = 20% = probability of committing a type II error (i.e. failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false).

Then I have two questions:

  1. Is the probability of committing one or more type I errors when performing three hypothesis tests = FWER = 1 - (1-Ξ±)^3 = 1 - (1-0.05)^3 = 14.26%
  2. How do I compute the probability of committing one or more type II errors when performing three hypothesis tests?

Thanks in advance :)

submitted by /u/victorsoh
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How do we know what goes on inside stars?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 03:58 AM PST

More specifically, stuff like neutron stars, which are both far away and obviously not available on Earth. How is it the people are able to understand what goes on in the inner workings of things we don't have in-person samples of?

submitted by /u/TangledEarbuds61
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Why is the deltoid always the recommended site for immunizations?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 05:42 PM PST

I've seen in many official documents that the deltoid is the recommended site for adults if it's less than 1mL but is it just for convenience/access? In other words is it more convenient to ask patients to roll up their sleeve vs pants?

Examples of some sources recommending arms:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1118997/

https://opentextbc.ca/clinicalskills/chapter/6-8-iv-push-medications-and-saline-lock-flush/

https://www.healthline.com/health/intramuscular-injection

submitted by /u/jestaxiom
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How strong would be the effects of an 5° deviation from the Earths axial tilt in both directions?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 12:45 AM PST

I was searching the internet but could only find the extreme cases like 80° or 0° . How strong would be the effects if the axial tilt was 5° higher or lower than the good old 23,5° and would they be noticable?

submitted by /u/icecream_is_da_best
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Which factors make a commune more or less likely to succeed long term?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 04:20 AM PST

I'm currently investigating the possibility of starting a commune with some friends. By that I mean multiple households living together and sharing food, energy, living spaces and some duties in common.

Obviously I would like our venture to continue happily for some years and so I am curious about which factors lead to the best outcomes. For example:

  • On the scale between everything being owned in common and everything being individually owned, where do the most successful communes/co-ops lie? (Is there a name or established theory for this scale?)

  • Does religiosity affect the success of communes? What about other commonly held values like sustainability?

  • Are more successful groups also more/less homogenous in terms of gender, age, wealth, education, religion, race/ethnicity etc?

If there are other factors which I have not considered, I would like to hear about those as well.

Thanks.

submitted by /u/FUCKITIMPOSTING
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Do videos and photos help children remember their early childhoods?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 05:34 PM PST

Can the memory of an event persist from a very early age by frequently discussing it with the child? Do videos and photos aid in the retention of the memory?

submitted by /u/Waffliest
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Compared to first born child, do later born children receive less prenatal testosterone from their mother? If so, would this effect remain regardless of the genders of the child or the time gaps between births?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 10:56 PM PST

How does a ship turning create a region of flat water?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 07:00 PM PST

In WW2, floatplanes launched from ships were recovered by taxiing the plane in flat water created by the ship entering a turn. My question is, how does this region of flat water get created if a ship's wake is supposed to be turbulent?

example: http://cdn0.wn.com/pd/9d/62/ad812b7875029822fdd2615e3dfe_grande.jpg

submitted by /u/_Sunny--
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What is the difference between symetric and asymmetric electrolysis?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 10:39 PM PST

For instance, a household battery has a graphite terminal and a lithium terminal. Is there any reason not both? Recently started learning about electrolysis and the like, and have decided to screw around with the idea about lithium fluoride dissolved in hydrofluoric acid as an electrolyte, with platinum cathode and anodes. Tired and decided to basically look into theroetical batteries . I'm probably wrong thinking that would work to begin. With but you never know.

submitted by /u/frozen_pebbles
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How exactly does Vitamin C break down in heat?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 09:21 PM PST

I heard recently that Vitamin C breaks down in heat and was wondering why it happens. Nothing I've read so far is very clear about how and why exactly this happens so I'd appreciate any help!

submitted by /u/Leonyte
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How does getting the tetanus vaccine AFTER exposure help?

Posted: 10 Nov 2019 06:58 PM PST

Why does flour form lumps when liquid is added? And why is it so hard to get rid of them?

Posted: 11 Nov 2019 12:04 AM PST

We've all come across lumpy dough in our lives.

How do you avoid lumps?

How do you get rid of them?

submitted by /u/a_man_duh__
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