There is a video on the Front Page about the Navy's Railgun being developed. What kind of energy, damage would these sort of rounds do? | AskScience Blog

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Tuesday, September 19, 2017

There is a video on the Front Page about the Navy's Railgun being developed. What kind of energy, damage would these sort of rounds do?

There is a video on the Front Page about the Navy's Railgun being developed. What kind of energy, damage would these sort of rounds do?


There is a video on the Front Page about the Navy's Railgun being developed. What kind of energy, damage would these sort of rounds do?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 10:25 AM PDT

https://www.reddit.com/r/videos/comments/70u6sy/the_us_navy_has_successfully_tested_the_first/

http://breakingdefense.com/2017/05/navy-railgun-ramps-up-in-test-shots/

"Consider 35 pounds of metal moving at Mach 5.8. Ten shots per minute"

What kind of damage would these do? Would the kinetic energy cause an explosion? For that type of projectile what would a current type of TNT/Weapon be in damage potential?

submitted by /u/irrelevant_query
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In 1972 a woman fell 33,332 feet without dying. How is that possible?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 10:58 AM PDT

Could we railgun the Moon?

Posted: 19 Sep 2017 01:59 AM PDT

Is the reach of the US Navy railgun long enough to reach the Moon?

submitted by /u/Borsippian
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In physics, why is the formula to calculate force F=ma instead of F=mv (mass x velocity)?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 09:47 PM PDT

For example, if a car that weighs 2 kilograms his traveling at a constant speed of 31 meters a second as the car hits you. It would give you a fair amount of force right?

But the formula states that since the car is not accelerating and is at a constant speed, a=0, since 2,000 x 0 = 0 the formula says that the car hits you with a force of 0 newtons (which I don't think is accurate)

Even if the car started at 0 m/s and started to accelerate at 2m/s/s wouldn't the calculations still be wrong and have an incorrect amount of force calculated?

submitted by /u/kool_kolumbine_kid
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How is online gaming possible if there must be some delay?

Posted: 19 Sep 2017 02:26 AM PDT

Online communication always has a delay, especially when people communicating are on opposite sides of the US. If that's the case, then how are fast FPS video games, like Call of Duty, possible to play online?

submitted by /u/Master_Vicen
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How do rainbows that curve away from the sun work?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 09:52 AM PDT

As I walked to work today I saw a iridescent cloud above, and it wasn't just that but a full rainbow (or two if you look closely enough). After some walking I notice that the rainbow curved away from the sun, and was not centered around it (as seen in the image).

Normal rainbows result from by water-droplets acting like a really bad lens/mirror and sending a chromatic aberration at the observer. No matter if it's mirror or lens, it's always centered around the sun (or without clear curve in the case of iridescent clouds). Yet I don't know how these work, as they're clearly curved, and that away from the sun.

submitted by /u/GregTheMad
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Why aren't there any orbitals after s, p, d and f?

Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:29 AM PDT

After Element 60 I noticed that there weren't any new orbitals anymore, there were just "more of the others". Why is that? Anything to do with energylevels?

submitted by /u/wolfgertripathi
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What is the Theoretical Limit on the Energy Density of Ultracapacitors?

Posted: 19 Sep 2017 02:48 AM PDT

For example the specific energy of uranium 235 is about 700k MJ/kg, and supercapacitors top out at 30 MJ/kg.

What would be the theoretical limit for the ultracapacitors that are being researched today? I've heard several orders of magnitude so I'd guess that means 3k+ MJ/kg.

What's the maximum theoretical limit for specific energy for a capacitor with known laws of physics?

What formulas are used to determine the theoretical limits here?

submitted by /u/Radiatin
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When I tear open plastic packaging (like a bag of chips or any type of plastic packaging) , are chemical bonds being broken? What is happening on the molecular level during the tearing?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 01:35 PM PDT

How accurate is it theoretically possible for weather forecasting to be? For example, with a powerful enough supercomputer, will we eventually be able to predict the exact track of a hurricane weeks in advance? Are there any other factors limiting prediction accuracy aside from computing power?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 01:28 PM PDT

Why Does Distilled Water Evaporating Slower Than Tap Water?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 11:39 AM PDT

Sorry if this has been asked before, I searched around didn't see anything but assumed this would've come up before.

Anyways, so my wife uses distilled water to clean baby bottles and stuff like that in one of those steamers. Well she pointed out to me the other day that, when she sets the bottle down on the drying rack, the little droplets of distilled water don't evaporate very quickly.

They'll sit there for a few days without evaporating she said.

I didn't really believe her so we did an experiment where we had identical bottles. Both cleaned with distilled water in the steamer but we rinsed one with tap water, then set them both in the same position next to each other on the drying rack.

By the evening, the tap-water-rinsed bottle was completely dry but the distilled only bottle was still covered with those droplets on the inside.

What's going on here?

submitted by /u/Throwaway----4
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For a reaction with a given reaction mechanism, is the activation energy a constant?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 10:59 AM PDT

I know that catalysts use a different reaction mechanism with a lower activation energy, but for a given mechanism, does the activation energy change with respect to temperature, pressure, or reactant concentration?

submitted by /u/vitcaffeine
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What is gravity like at the center of the Earth?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 11:59 AM PDT

So say you were able to reach the center of the Earth, what would gravity be like? Would there be a sense of getting pulled in a direction (down?), or would you be weightless like in space?

submitted by /u/GoodGuyPolarBear
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What Does Sagittarius A* Look Like?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 09:32 AM PDT

Suppose we were able to exist at a safe distance from Sagittarius A*. Perhaps we are in Carl Sagan's Ship of the Imagination. What would we see? What about various distances? Do the stars that orbit it move fast enough for us to see with the naked eye? Is there visible matter surrounding it? What would such a hole in space even look like? How would it bend light and spaetime? Etc... etc... etc...

I am an author writing a story about a man who has visions of Sagittarius A* and I want his visions to be accurate despite the fact that he is insane.

submitted by /u/JoshuaGoudreau
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Do the radioactive elements in nuclear weapons emit detectable radiation?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 03:35 PM PDT

I am curious to know whether nuclear weapons emit detectable radiation at any stage of their lifecycle. For the sake of argument, let's say we are considering a thermonuclear hydrogen bomb, but if someone feels like sharing any expertise on fission weapons too, great.

Intuitively, I'd think that there would have to be a certain amount of radiation released during construction of these weapons just by passive decay of any uranium or plutonium involved in the construction...but what about after they are completed? Do they emit radiation during transport, storage, and/or once in-flight towards a target? How would such radiation be mitigated - lead-shielded transport containers, perhaps?

Is there any hope of us ever developing some kind of "early warning system" to detect such radiation that would allow us to say, "That missile/bomb/etc. that is on a ballistic trajectory is/is not armed with a nuclear warhead" - ?

Thank you in advance to anyone who cares to comment.

submitted by /u/RaspersProgress
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Does the heating of the earths surface during summer months affect plate tectonics?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 06:23 PM PDT

Is there more or less movement in summer months due to the surface expanding with heat. Or the opposite with shrinking during the colder months?

submitted by /u/Delittle3
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Since the surface of the Sun is only ~14 times hotter than my oven when I'm baking a pizza, why am I able to feel the Sun's heat from 93 million miles away?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 02:01 PM PDT

Iron Man's arc reactor could theoretically work by using Palladium isotopes, how much energy could this produce and how difficult would it be to make?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 05:40 PM PDT

I recently re-watched iron man after having only seen it at an fairly young age. And realized that the arc reactor uses palladium, which I was fairly certain was radioactive, after some research because why not I found this article, which states that one of the most plausible methods for Iron mans arc reactor to operate is by utilizing the electron capture of Palladium-103 and beta decay of Palladium-107 as a circuit, my main questions are: A, does this work? B, How much power would this produce? C, what is humanity missing to make this if anything?

submitted by /u/AlexStorm1337
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What causes the smoke cloud around a railgun's barrel if it doesn't use gunpowder or explosive propellant?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 06:49 AM PDT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=93&v=QO_zXuOQy6A

Saw this video on another sub and noticed the plume of smoke. Another video indicated that this was molten iron, but I'm not sure how that would turn into a cloud rather than clumps of glowing metal.

submitted by /u/Duke_Paul
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What is the speed difference between the different mass state components of neutrinos in flight?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 04:46 PM PDT

According to wikipedia,

"Neutrinos oscillate between different flavors in flight. For example, an electron neutrino produced in a beta decay reaction may interact in a distant detector as a muon or tau neutrino. This oscillation occurs because the three mass state components of the produced flavor travel at slightly different speeds, so that their quantum mechanical wave packets develop relative phase shifts that change how they combine to produce a varying superposition of three flavors."

So when they say there is a small difference in speed between the different components of flavor, do they mean like a number really close to 0 is the difference in speed, or a larger number?

submitted by /u/iadd
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No-slip condition with a draining pipe?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 04:47 PM PDT

So for a cylinder with fluid moving through it I can see how the math works out for the no slip condition, but how does that work in scenarios where A. the cylinder isn't completely filled to the top, and B. where it's draining to the point of being empty? Particularly for B., if the no slip condition requires no velocity at the surface boundary, how can I do something as ordinary as completely emptying a cup of water I've tipped on its side to drink from it?

submitted by /u/Khenghis_Ghan
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Why do lots of Viruses (Ebola, Bubonic Plague etc) present with Flu like symptoms? How can someone tell the difference?

Posted: 18 Sep 2017 12:53 PM PDT

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